Dalam perkembangan masyarakat, orang perorangan, dalam melakukan kegiatan ekonomi, tidak lagi hanya berhadapan dengan orang perorangan tetapi juga dengan badan hukum, umumnya yang berbentuk perseroan terbatas. Perseroan terbatas sebagai subjek hukum abstrak selalu diwakili oleh organnya untuk melakukan perbuatan hukum. Ketika terjadi kerugian pihak ketiga yang diakibatkan oleh perbuatan melawan hukum orang yang mewakili perseroan terbatas, maka perseroan terbatas, sepatutnya bertanggung jawab atas perbuatan orang yang mewakilinya. Namun dalam praktiknya, ada kalanya orang yang mewakili perseroan terbatas bertindak di luar kewenangannya. Dalam hal ini timbul pertanyaan, apakah perseroan terbatas tetap harus bertanggung jawab.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan tujuan untuk menetapkan batasan atau kriteria untuk penerapan tanggung gugat terhadap perseroan terbatas atas perbuatan melawan hukum karyawan yang menimbulkan kerugian pada pihak ketiga. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat ditarik beberapa kriteria yang dapat digunakan untuk membatasi vicarious liability terhadap perseroan terbatas yaitu (1) keterkaitan antara perbuatan melawan hukum dengan posisi pelaku sebagai karyawan perseroan terbatas, (2) fakta bahwa perseroan terbatas melalui pengurusnya telah menerapkan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik termasuk dengan melakukan pengendalian internal, dan (3) penerapan prinsip kewajaran dimana menurut ukuran orang pada umumnya, korban diperkenankan untuk berasumsi bahwa karyawan sedang menjalankan lingkup pekerjaannya.

Pemberdayaan masyarakat dan desa merupakan tantangan yang dialami setiap pemerintahan, baik Pemerintah Desa hingga Pemerintah Pusat. Pemberdayaan ini dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah kesenjangan yang menjadi permasalahan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Sehingga perlu adanya penanggulangan atau pemecahan masalah melalui program pemberdayaan. Peran pemerintah dan masyarakat sangat diperlukan dalam bekerjasama menyelesaikan kesenjangan ekonomi. Karya tulis ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam tulisan ini adalah bahawa BUMDes dapat menjadi salah satu elemen untuk mendukung terlaksananya nawa cita. BUMDes sebagai alat untuk menunjang pembedayaan dan perekonomian masyarakat telah melakukan berbagai macam cara yaitu penyertaan modal, pemasaran, pengembangan kelembagaan, kemitraan usaha, pembinaan dan pengawasan kinerja. Pengawasan pemerintah terhadap BUMDes dilakukan mulai dari tingkat desa hingga pusat yang bertujuan untuk berbenah dan berkembang.

Analisis ini menggunakan Cara Wimba dan Tata Ungkapan bahasa rupa untuk menelaah bahasa rupa arca Dewi Parwati. Menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan latar sejarah untuk mendapatkan gambaran penciptaan yang sesuai masa pembuatannya. Ditinjau dari pendekatan bahasa rupa, maka mengenai arca Dewi Parwati diperoleh beberapa hal yang umum sifatnya, yaitu : (1) Segi ikonografi : mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan keseluruhan unsur arca Dewi Parwati; (2) Segi sejarah: Arca Dewi Parwati ditemukan pada abad ke 14. Lokasi awal penemuan yaitu di Situs BHRE Kahuripan Desa Panggih, Kecamatan Trowulan, Kabupaten Mojokerto, Jawa Timur. (3) Segi bahasa Rupa: Dilihat dari gabungan cara penggambaran naturalis-stilasi menggunakan cara dekoratif. Model analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisisi model interaktif yang dilakukan dengan cara pengumpulan data, reduksi data, sajian data, dan menarik simpulan/verifikasi data. Kajian isi wimba menunjukkan adanya beragam jenis perhiasaan yang digambarkan pada arca Dewi Parwati sebagai pendukung identitas arca.
Kata Kunci: Bahasa Rupa, Arca dewi Parwati, Ikonografi, Wimba dan Tata Ungkapan, Metode Deskriptif Kualitatif

The main Tanjung Priok Port Authority (OP) is the technical implementing unit as well as the highest coordinator at the port, having an important role in accelerating activities at the port. The Port Authority is within the Ministry of Transportation and is responsible to the Director General of Sea Transportation. The functions of the Port Authority include regulating, controlling and supervising port activities. To be able to integrate system services at ports, the Ministry of Transportation applies a system, namely the Inaportnet system. Inaportnet is an internet-based electronic service system to integrate standard port information systems in physically serving ships from all agencies and stakeholders at the port. Inaportnet is the leading solution for port services, where the acceleration of data exchange between stakeholders at the port can be done quickly, in order to minimize time and have an impact on speeding up ship services at the port. The performance of employees at the main Port Authority office is a concrete action in carrying out the work that has been given by government agencies. Every government agency always expects its employees to have work performance which will later provide optimal contributions to government agencies. In addition to providing an optimal contribution, it will improve the performance of government agencies. Broadly speaking, the continuity of a government agency is influenced by the performance of its employees. Employee performance has a very important role in running the organization. Employee performance is required to work seriously with their abilities to achieve good work results.

This literature study examines the influence of learning motivation on learning outcomes in various elementary schools of the same level. Learning motivation is a dominant factor in achieving learning outcomes. Teaching and learning activities really need motivation. Motivation can function as a driver to achieve good results. A person will do an activity because of motivation in him/herself. High motivation in learning will achieve optimal results. This study applies the literature review method through the analysis of various relevant scientific sources. The results of the study revealed that student learning motivation has a significant influence on student learning outcomes. The influence of motivation has an important role because motivation is very much needed in the learning process of students to support them in acting in order to achieve the learning goals they want to achieve. Teachers are expected to continue to create and maintain an environment that supports student learning motivation in order to achieve maximum learning outcomes.

This article aims to provide theoretical and practical insights into conflict management to support leaders and managers in managing conflict effectively in various contexts and provide a comprehensive understanding of conflict management through a literature review of the sources, symptoms, and causes of conflict. Conflict that occurs in an organization can hinder the achievement of desired goals, therefore conflict needs to be managed properly so that its impact can be minimized, organizational conflict can also be interpreted as a conflict that arises when the goal-oriented behavior of one group conflicts with or is threatened by the goals of another group. This study uses a literature study method to analyze various concepts of conflict management that have been put forward by experts. The results of the study show that conflict, whether in a positive, negative, or neutral sense, is an unavoidable phenomenon. The source of conflict can come from various factors that trigger differences and clashes between individuals, groups, or organizations. Conflict also occurs due to misunderstandings or incompatibilities between individuals or groups in an effort to achieve their goals, this is often referred to as a causal factor. The impact of conflict actually depends on its nature. On the one hand, well-managed conflict can improve the quality of decisions, encourage active involvement in discussions, and strengthen group cohesion. However, on the other hand, conflict can also drain members' energy, disrupt productivity, and cause hostility that hinders collaboration. Abstract and Keywords must be written in English, in italic style, and contain a brief description of the research background, objectives, methods, findings, and implications. The abstract is written in one paragraph with a single space (maximum 200 words), without any reference or formula.

The quality of primary education in elementary schools  and Islamic elementary schools is a crucial factor in forming the character and skills of the next generation. Education is a fundamental pillar in a country's development. This article examines the Internal Quality Assurance System's (SPMI) ideas and tenets as well as the difficulties in putting it into practice in SD/MI. With an emphasis on ongoing assessment as a way to raise the caliber of instruction, a literature review is the study methodology employed. According on the results, SPMI can assist in determining the advantages and disadvantages of teaching methods and provide suggestions for any necessary enhancements.

One of the most important instruments in economics is the sharia market which offers alternative investment options in accordance with Islamic sharia principles. The purpose of this study is to explain the concept of the Indonesian sharia market, the mechanisms involved, and the potential and challenges faced during its development. The method used in this study is a literature study using qualitative descriptive analysis, namely analyzing various factors, laws, and current developments related to the sharia market. The findings of this study indicate that the Indonesian sharia market has experienced significant growth due to stricter regulations from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI). However, there are still several problems in this market, such as the lack of public understanding of sharia principles and gaps in available sharia products. Nevertheless, the Indonesian sharia capital market has a lot of potential, including the ability to increase public awareness of sharia investment and the various investment products available.

This study examines the role of the Internal Quality Assurance System (SPMI) in improving the quality of education in Senior High Schools (SMA) in Indonesia. In addressing the challenges of globalization, SPMI has become a crucial instrument to ensure that educational institutions meet national standards sustainably. SPMI involves principals, teachers, and educational staff through steps such as quality mapping, planning, quality fulfillment implementation, as well as evaluation and the establishment of new standards. This process promotes continuous self-evaluation to help schools achieve their vision and mission. The study employs a literature review method with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected from books, scientific journals, and relevant documents using specific keywords and inclusion criteria. Data analysis identifies common patterns regarding the implementation of SPMI, including its successes and challenges. The findings indicate that SPMI has the potential to enhance the quality of education, although its implementation faces obstacles, such as teachers’ limited understanding of national standards. This study provides insights into the factors contributing to the success and challenges of SPMI implementation and offers contributions to the development of policies and practices in education in Indonesia, particularly in improving the quality of secondary education.

The development of educational technology has significantly impacted the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesia. This study aims to explore how educational technology can optimize learning in accordance with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum. The method used is literature analysis, involving a review of various sources on educational technology and the curriculum. Findings indicate that the utilization of technology, such as digital learning platforms and collaborative tools, can enhance interactivity, accessibility, and student engagement. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of integrating technology into the curriculum to create learning experiences that are more relevant and responsive to student needs. Thus, educational technology can be key to achieving more effective educational goals in the digital era.