This study aims to obtain the validity of E-LAPD using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model that can be used to improve science literacy on chemical equilibrium material. The design used is a 4-D model designed to improve students' science literacy skills. The valid E-LAPD was evaluated through a validation sheet filled in by the validator using a Likert scale. Validity consists of construct validity which includes presentation components, graphic components, suitability of models and indicators to be improved and content validation which includes the suitability of learning objectives with learning outcomes and the suitability of problems or phenomena with the material being taught.  The validity of E-LAPD is declared valid if the score from the validator is at least 4 and does not have one score < 3 from the validator. The results showed that the E-LAPD developed had high validity indicating that the mode score of the validator ? 4. The developed E-LAPD was declared valid for use with a construct and content validation assessment which was described as valid with a score of 4, thus E-LAPD using the PBL model was declared valid for use to improve science literacy in chemical equilibrium material.

This study aims to determine the effect of principal leadership and communication on the performance of educators in Public Elementary Schools in the Catur Tunggal Cluster. Educator performance is greatly influenced by various factors, including effective principal leadership and good communication. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method involving 50 educators in elementary schools that are members of the cluster. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to respondents, which were then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that there is a positive and significant influence between principal leadership and communication on educator performance. Principals who are able to demonstrate good leadership and establish effective communication with educators will improve their performance. This study is expected to contribute to the development of educational management at the elementary school level.

This study aims to describe the implementation of early reading activities at Bebandem State Kindergarten, Karangasem Regency, Bali District for Group B, children aged 5-6 years. The focus of this research is on the planning, implementation, evaluation, supporting factors, and inhibiting factors of early reading activities. This study employs a qualitative approach and descriptive research type. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and documentation. Data are analyzed qualitatively using the Miles and Huberman model, which involves data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The validity of the research data was re-evaluated using source triangulation and method triangulation. The results show that: 1) The planning of early reading learning activities at Bebandem State Kindergarten begins with a socialization activity through In-House Training (IHT), building a shared commitment where teachers are invited to prepare a lesson plan or teaching module that meets the needs of the students. 2) The implementation of learning uses picture and letter card games, where children are invited to play cards according to the current theme; 3) The evaluation of early reading activities at Bebandem State Kindergarten is conducted through observation, assessing the implementation of learning activities, and identifying actions to improve any shortcomings in the learning activities carried out. 4) The supporting factors of early reading learning activities at Bebandem State Kindergarten include guidance from parents and families in early reading activities. 5) The inhibiting factors in the implementation of learning include both internal and external factors. Internal factors include intelligence, interest, talent, and motivation, while external factors include family environment, school environment, and community environment.

Class II A teachers rarely utilize learning media in the classroom, relying primarily on textbooks. As a result, students often feel bored and disengaged, making the learning process less interactive and ineffective. This research aims to develop a smart board learning media, assess its validity, and evaluate its effectiveness in teaching subject matter, predicates, objects, and information. This study follows a research and development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development, (4) implementation, and (5) evaluation. The research was conducted in Class II A at SDN Sukabumi 2, Probolinggo City. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires distributed to material/content expert validators, media experts, teachers, and students. The results of the product trial indicate that the smart board media received a validity score of 94% from material/content experts and 91% from media experts. These scores fall within the 90–100% range, categorizing the media as highly valid. Field trials further demonstrated its effectiveness, with Class II A teachers rating it at 93% (very effective) and students at 87% (effective). In conclusion, the smart board media serves as an effective teaching aid, enhancing the learning experience for Class II A students at SDN Sukabumi 2. Future research could expand the development of smart board media for broader subject areas, ensuring greater engagement and motivation in the classroom.

This study aims to analyze the role of the vocalization method in improving intonation and articulation skills in early childhood. Vocalization as form of singing training is one form of training that is considered effective for use at all ages. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The case study was conducted at Pre-School X with two vocal teachers. The result show that the vocalization method creates a very significant effect in improving intonation and articulation skills because this method gives freedom and feels fun for early childhood. On the other hand, this method also succeeds in improving children’s focus when learning intonation and articulation because they do not have to divide their attention with foreign meanings and words. Therefore, the study successfully showed that the vocalization method is very effective in improving intonation and articulation skills in early childhood.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of e-modules based on Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) to improve students' critical thinking skills on chemical equilibrium material. The subjects in this study were students of Senior High School 4 Surabaya. This type of research is pre-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research data were obtained from the pretest and posttest results of critical thinking skills. Data analysis technique using the Paired Sample t-Test. The study’s results based on the Paired Sample t-Test showed a P-Value of 0.000 (<0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that e-modules based on POE are effectively used to improve students' critical thinking skills on chemical equilibrium material.

In the world of education, teachers have a very large and important role in teaching and learning activities because teachers are educators who are directly in contact with students, so teachers are required to have good performance in order to teach students who also have good quality. One of the educational problems faced by the Indonesian nation is the quality of education at every level and education unit, especially elementary and secondary education. Various efforts have been made to improve the quality of education, including through various training and improving teacher qualifications, procuring books and teaching tools, improving facilities and infrastructure, and improving the quality of school management. The research method used in this study is quantitative through path analysis and SITOREM analysis. The results of this study are that there is a positive relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable when viewed from the path analysis, then the relationship is a functional relationship where teacher performance (Y) is formed as a result of the functioning of organizational culture functions (X1), transformational leadership (X2), self-efficacy (X3) work motivation (X4)

The Teacher Professional Education Program (PPG) aims to improve teachers' competence in carrying out the learning process, which in turn has an impact on improving the quality of education. The purpose of the research is to find out how to evaluate the literacy and numeracy skills of teachers participating in the PPG Certain Teachers. This study uses a qualitative approach, namely evaluation research with a case study method that focuses on one phenomenon. The design models used in CIPPO evaluation are context, input, process, product, and outcome. The population is all informants, namely PPG managers, PPG Coordinators, Lecturers, Pamong Teachers and PPG participants of Certain Teachers totaling 569 people. Data collection by document study, interview guidelines and observation guidelines. Qualitative data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawn. In general, based on the graduation percentage of 99.3% declared to have passed UKPPPG and 0.7% did not pass UKPPPG, it can be concluded that the literacy and numeracy skills of teachers participating in certain PPG Teachers are very good and the PPG program at LPTK Malikussaleh University can continue.

This study evaluates the relationship between social-emotional learning (SEL) programs and academic performance in elementary school students. Using a quasi-experimental design, we compare the academic outcomes of students who participated in SEL programs with those who did not, focusing on math and reading scores. Data analysis reveals that students involved in SEL programs showed a significant increase in both academic performance and emotional regulation skills. The results emphasize the importance of SEL in fostering not only emotional well-being but also academic success.

. Education generally demands that the learning process should not be directed solely toward textual understanding, but rather encourages contextual learning. In this approach, learning should utilize a variety of learning resources that keep pace with advancements in science and technology, and are also closely tied to up-to-date developments in the surrounding environment and society. By using local environmental issues as a learning resource, it is expected that students will obtain more accurate and reliable information. The aim of this research activity is to identify and explain natural tourist attractions in Semarang Regency as learning resources for social studies in junior high schools. The method used is qualitative. The data sources consist of primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and document/archive analysis, while the validity of the data is ensured through technique triangulation.