This study investigates impoliteness strategies used in the YouTube comment section of Gibran Rakabuming's video entitled "Generasi Muda, Bonus Demografi, dan Masa Depan Indonesia." Using a qualitative approach and Culpeper's (2005) impoliteness framework, the researchers analyzed 50 purposively selected comments. The study identifies various strategies such as bald-on-record impoliteness, sarcasm/mock politeness, positive impoliteness, and negative impoliteness. The findings reveal that bald-on-record and sarcasm are the most frequent strategies used, often driven by political dissatisfaction and emotional expression. This study aims to determine the most dominant impoliteness strategy employed by netizens and contributes to understanding digital discourse in Indonesian political contexts, highlighting the role of anonymity and group identity in shaping online communication.

Classroom management skills are one of the fundamental competencies in teaching aimed at creating and maintaining an optimal learning environment. In other words, this skill is closely related to the professional abilities of teachers to produce favorable conditions, provide enjoyment for learners, and foster a healthy learning discipline. This study aims to understand how classroom management is implemented at Private High School Utama Medan located in Medan Tembung District, Medan City. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive. Several issues that arise in classroom management at Private High School Utama Medan include: students seeking attention, emotional students, students facing learning difficulties, students who struggle to cooperate with their group mates, groups that violate regulations, a lack of adequate learning media, and a classroom atmosphere that is not supportive.

This study aims to analyze the content of life skills in life skills training activities at LKP Karya Prima. The method used is descriptive quantitative with data collection through closed questionnaires given to 20 active training participants. Data analysis was carried out using percentage techniques to identify the proportion of each life skills indicator. The results showed that vocational skills were the most dominant aspect with a percentage of 31%, followed by personal skills at 24%, academic skills at 23%, and social skills at 22%. This finding shows that the development of life skills at LKP Karya Prima emphasizes vocational skills, but still pays attention to personal, academic, and social aspects in a balanced manner. The four indicators complement each other in forming the participants' life skills as a whole

This study aims to examine how transformational leadership by school principals plays a role in improving teacher performance at the elementary school level. The research adopts a literature study approach, with data collected through documentation and analyzed using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The findings indicate that transformational leadership by school principals has a significant impact on enhancing teacher performance. Principals who are able to inspire and motivate teachers through a clear vision, emotional support, and by providing space for innovation can create a conducive work environment for professional teacher development. Furthermore, a leadership style that encourages collaboration and gives recognition for teachers’ achievements has been proven effective in boosting their work spirit and commitment to improving the quality of education. With such a leadership approach, principals are able to comprehensively enhance teacher performance, which ultimately has a positive impact on the quality of learning in elementary schools.

the development of technology requires the world of education to face the optimal use of digital media. This article is quoted to describe the process of making and utilizing WordPress -based digital bulletin board in SMAN 1 2 × 11 six environment as a medium of expression, information, and memorization of digital literacy of students. The method of implementing activities includes training in the use of WordPress, the formation of an editorial team, technical assistance in making digital bulletin board, content of content publications. The results show that students are able to create a wordpress account, choose the appropriate theme, lock the content of the article, and distribute digital bulletin links online. In addition, this activity increases the ability of student digital literacy and encourages collaboration between students in managing school information. Digital Mading is proven to be an innovative and effective learning medium in fostering the 21st century skills. This article is expected to be a reference for other educators in integrating digital technology in school literacy activities.

This study analyzes the strategies used by educators to improve learning motivation of mentally retarded students at SLB Negeri North Sumatra. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The subjects of the study consisted of mentally retarded class teachers and seven students with varying levels of difficulty. The results showed that students' learning motivation varied, with some students showing enthusiasm for fun and relevant activities. The five main strategies applied by teachers include: (1) individual and contextual learning strategies with an emphasis on the learning by doing method, (2) the use of varied learning media such as visual media, flashcards, learning videos, and interactive applications, (3) giving rewards in the form of verbal praise and small prizes and proportional educational punishments, (4) creating a safe, comfortable, and supportive learning environment with positive communication, and (5) active cooperation with parents through communication. The main supporting factors are teachers, a school environment, and good relationships with parents, while inhibiting factors include low parental awareness and students' socio-economic conditions. The success of the strategy can be seen from the increase in more active student behavior. This study concludes that the learning motivation of mentally retarded students can be increased through an adaptive approach that involves all parties.

In the era of globalization and rapid technological development, critical and creative thinking skills are important competencies that must be possessed by students to face real-world challenges. The learning strategy for improving thinking ability (SPPKB) is a learning approach that focuses on developing students' thinking skills through the analysis of facts or experiences and active problem solving. This learning model involves stages of onboarding, experience tracking, problem confrontation, inquiry, accommodation, and transfer to guide students to discover concepts independently and apply noble values such as honesty. In addition, this strategy demands active student involvement, increased motivation, and the use of technology and discussion methods to create a conducive learning environment. Although it has advantages in developing critical thinking skills, this strategy also faces challenges such as the need for sufficient time and the readiness of teachers and students in its implementation. With the right implementation, this learning strategy can increase students' thinking potential optimally and is relevant to the demands of modern education.

Effective laboratory management is an important element in order to improve the quality of learning, especially in physics. This research is motivated by the need for a structured laboratory management system to ensure efficiency, safety, and sustainability of practicum activities. The purpose of this study was to examine the implementation of laboratory management at various levels of education as a real step in an effort to improve the quality of physics learning. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through literature study. The results showed that the implementation of laboratory management which includes aspects of planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating has improved the quality of physics learning itself. Apart from the various supporting and inhibiting factors in it.

Character education is essential to create a generation that is not only cognitively intelligent, but also strong in moral and ethical values. Amidst the rapid advancement of technology and globalization, maintaining the morality and integrity of the younger generation is increasingly difficult. By conducting literature research on 20 relevant sources, this article aims to investigate the role of character education in the formation of moral and ethical individuals. The results of the study indicate that character education that is included in the learning process, both formal and non-formal, is able to instill the values ??of discipline, empathy, honesty, and responsibility. Strengthening character values ??in the digital era also requires an approach that is in accordance with the culture and digital media that are close to students' lives. The implementation of consistent, collaborative, and contextual character education is the key to creating a generation that is not only academically superior, but also able to instill ethics in community life. Thus, character education is an important foundation in building the next generation of the nation with integrity and ethics.

The main method to encourage women to achieve gender equality is education. Women have greater opportunities to improve their quality of life, fight for their rights, and actively participate in various aspects of life through education. However, social reality shows that women still face various challenges, such as unequal access to education, patriarchal cultural construction, and limited roles in the public sphere. In this article, the importance of education as a way to encourage women to achieve fair gender equality is discussed. Education not only teaches women what they need to know, but also gives them a critical understanding of their roles and potential. In this context, education must be designed inclusively and responsive to the needs of women, taking into account the social, cultural, and historical aspects that affect their lives. Women's education is essential to building a just, equal, and sustainable society because achieving gender equality in education is not just an individual effort; it also requires systemic support from policies, curricula, and a supportive social environment.

This study aims to analyze the strategies used by teachers to increase students’ reading interest in the Indonesian language subject at SDN 73/IX Simpang Sungai Duren. The background of this research is the low reading interest among students, which negatively affects their comprehension and academic performance, particularly in Indonesian language learning. This study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of literacy-related activities. The results showed that teachers implemented several strategies to foster reading interest, including story-based learning, the use of visual and digital media, creative reading assignments, and a routine of reading before starting lessons. These strategies were proven to gradually increase students’ enthusiasm for reading and encouraged more active participation in learning. Supporting factors in the implementation of these strategies included the availability of engaging reading materials and support from the school administration. However, several inhibiting factors were also identified, such as the lack of adequate library facilities and students’ initially low reading motivation.This study concludes that the teacher's role is crucial in developing a reading culture at the elementary level. Therefore, it is recommended that schools provide ongoing professional development for teachers in literacy instruction strategies, and enhance literacy-supporting facilities to ensure the sustainable growth of students’ reading interest.

Student learning outcomes are a benchmark for achieving learning objectives in schools, but it is not uncommon for learning outcomes to be one of the problems that are often experienced in various school institutions. Learning problems and school demands cause anxiety, such as difficulty managing study time, anxiety of failing exams and grades below the standard are considered to be problems that are often found in schools. This study aims to determine how junior high school students' learning outcomes are influenced by the school environment and their learning motivation. This study combines literature study methodology with a qualitative approach. Books, journals, and articles relevant to the research topic are examples of research sources. The findings of the study indicate that learning motivation and the school environment have a significant impact on junior high school students' learning outcomes.
 

This research is motivated by the problems faced by fifth-grade students at SDN 1 Narimbang Mulia in understanding the material on forms and changes of energy in everyday life. One of the main obstacles identified is the lack of teaching aids and the unappealing nature of student worksheets, which hampers the learning process. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of elementary students' understanding of the forms and changes of energy, as well as to identify the obstacles they face in learning the material. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including student observations, teacher interviews, and the administration of a post-test at the end of the learning session. The research subjects are fifth-grade students of SDN 1 Narimbang Mulia. The results of the study show that most students have a fairly good understanding of the concepts of energy forms and changes. However, there are still obstacles in the learning process, including limited teaching aids and uninteresting student worksheets. This study is expected to serve as a basis for developing more effective learning strategies to improve students' understanding of the material on energy forms and changes in everyday life.

This study aims to examine the role of Social Studies (IPS) teachers in implementing Pancasila values in Social Studies learning for eighth-grade students at MTs Negeri 2 Jombang. A qualitative descriptive approach was used, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects consisted of Social Studies teachers and eighth-grade students. The results showed that the implementation of Pancasila values was carried out by integrating values such as tolerance, mutual cooperation, and social justice into Social Studies learning and students' daily interactions. Strategies included regular religious activities, moral messaging, and exemplary behavior by teachers. This implementation positively impacted character development, reduced bullying behavior, and increased awareness of diversity and unity. Challenges included students' diverse backgrounds and limited instructional time. These findings indicate that Social Studies teachers play a central role in instilling Pancasila values to shape students into individuals with strong character and a sense of national identity.
 

Study English to 6th grade students of Suralaya Primary School. Data collection uses questionnaires or questionnaires that are loaded with indicators of the influence of gadgets and learning interests. The sample in the study was 40 students, in class VI of Suralaya Primary School. The Research Method that researchers choose is Quantitative, with questionnaires to 40 students. From the results of the study, it was found that as many as 98% of students increased their interest in learning English and 2% of students remained. Gadgets have a positive impact for Suralaya's 6th grade students, including facilitating communication, serving as a means of entertainment, increasing comfort in learning, and expanding knowledge. To reduce the negative impact of using gadgets, parents need to have an understanding of them, provide instructions, give explanations, give advice to children, as well as limit the duration of use of the device by children.

This study investigates how teaching methods affect students' willingness to learn. Students' interest and engagement in the learning process can be enhanced by effective teaching methods. Different teaching philosophies, including collaborative, inventive, interactive, and authoritative, have varying effects on students' willingness to learn. To achieve the best learning outcomes, it is necessary to choose a teaching style that suits the needs and characteristics of students. In this study, a qualitative approach was used to analyze students' perceptions of various teaching styles in the classroom environment. The results showed that interactive and collaborative methods tend to increase learning motivation more than the one-way authoritative style. In addition, teacher emotional involvement, the use of interesting learning media, and a conducive classroom atmosphere also contribute greatly to shaping students' learning interests. These findings are expected to be a reference in designing more adaptive and effective teaching strategies.

Elementary school-aged children have unique characteristics, such as enjoying play, movement, group activities, and hands-on learning. Most students at this age prefer practical activities over theoretical instruction. Therefore, primary education aims to support and develop children's growth in accordance with their developmental tasks. Elementary school teachers play a crucial role in integrating these developmental needs into the learning process. The implementation of education at the elementary level must align with national regulations and policies, including standards for management, assessment, facilities, final examinations (UASBN), and teacher qualifications. Learning evaluation is a critical component in ensuring educational quality. However, in practice, teachers often face challenges such as limited time and a lack of understanding in assessing affective and psychomotor domains. As a result, solutions such as teacher training and more effective classroom management are necessary. This study aims to identify the challenges and proposed solutions related to the implementation of learning evaluations in elementary schools based on interviews with educational practitioners.
 

This research is based on the low motivation to learn in the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning process. The purpose of this study is to increase students' motivation to learn by using kahoot media in Natural and Social Sciences subjects in class V CMadrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Yaqin Simpang Sungai Duren. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). Data collection techniques are carried out by means of interviews, tests, observations and documentation. The subject of this research is students of class V C. This research was carried out in semester 2 of the 2024/2025 school year. The results of this study show that using kahoot media can increase the learning motivation of students in Natural and Social Sciences class V C. Details of the results of students' observations using kahoot media have increased from cycle I with an average score of 63.35% can be categorized as poor and in cycle II it increased to 80.10% with a good category. It was concluded that using kahoot media can increase student motivation in the Natural and Social Sciences subject class V C Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Yaqin Simpang Sungai Duren..

This study aims to evaluate the use of educational games as a learning medium to enhance students' motivation and improve the quality of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) instruction at the elementary school level. The research employed a classroom action research approach consisting of two cycles. Data were collected through observations, documentation, assessment rubrics, tests, and field notes. The games used in the study included "whisper chain" and "thread pull," both of which were adapted to suit the IPAS subject matter. These games were not intended to introduce new concepts but rather to develop students' skills. The results showed that the games successfully stimulated students’ enthusiasm and encouraged them to engage in enjoyable learning activities. The findings indicate that using games as a learning medium is effective in enhancing the quality of IPAS instruction in elementary schools. The study concludes that: 1) Games are implemented after the teacher delivers the material to reinforce students' understanding; 2) Educational games have proven to be beneficial in improving the quality of IPAS learning at the elementary level.

The research conducted aims to develop Gapinsa learning media for Mathematics subjects, measurement materials in class V. The developed media can be used to assist in learning activities so that it can be used to overcome problems that occur. The research was conducted at UPT SD Negeri 248 Gresik in the 2022/2023 school year. The type of research used is research and development or called R&D using the ADDIE model. The methods used in this study are observation and interviews used to find out information or the needs of students in the classroom, documents to strengthen evidence during research activities, validation to test the feasibility of the media and questionnaires to determine the response of learning media to the media developed. The subjects of the research conducted amounted to 36 students consisting of 20 male students and 16 female students in the 2022/2023 school year. Based on the results of research conducted by researchers through the development of Gapinsa learning programs, measurement materials have gone through validity tests, including the validation stage, media experts get a score of 85% in the "Very Valid" category and for expert validation, the material gets a score of 93% in the "Very Valid" category. The score obtained from the student response questionnaire obtained a score of 95.2% in the "Very Good" category. So that gapinsa media can be concluded that gapinsa media measurement material can be used in learning activities and get a good response by students.

This study aims to examine the effect of using interactive learning media on students’learning motivation in Economics subjects for Grade X at SMA Negeri 1 Telaga,Gorontalo Regency. The study employs a descriptive quantitative approach, with a study population comprising Grade X students. A sample of 72 respondents was selected randomly using the cluster sampling teachnique, and an instrument test was conducted on 30 participants. The data analysis method applied is simple regression analysis, with validity tested using pearson correlation to determine whether the instrument is valid. The hypothesis was tested using the t-test. The findings of the study indicate that the use of interactive learning media significantly affect students’ learning motivation in Economics subjects for Grade X at SMA Negeri 1 Telaga, Gorontalo Regency. The study eyeats that interactive learning media contributes 43.8% to students’ learning motivation while the remaining 56.2% is influenced by other variables not exammed in this study.

This study aims to describe the role of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) teachers in shaping the character of students at MAN 2 Kota Bogor. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that Civics teachers have an important role in shaping the character of students through exemplary, habituation, and learning moral and national values. Teachers act as motivators, facilitators, and mentors in instilling Pancasila values such as responsibility, honesty, and discipline. In conclusion, the role of Civics teachers is vital in shaping the character of students with integrity and high nationalism.

This qualitative research delves into Anita Desai’s Clear Light of Day, focusing on the themes of time and memory and their profound impact on personal and familial identities. Set against the historical backdrop of Old Delhi and the partition of India, the novel explores how time both destroys and preserves, while memory serves as a key element in shaping characters’ psychological experiences and relationships. Through a close textual analysis, the study investigates how Desai intertwines these themes to highlight emotional struggles, alienation, and eventual reconciliation. Drawing on the philosophical insights of T.S. Eliot, who portrays time as both a “Destroyer and Preserver,” the research explores how these forces influence character development and the evolution of family dynamics. The findings underscore the significance of time and memory in the process of emotional healing and self-reconciliation, providing a deeper understanding of the novel’s psychological and thematic complexities.

Indonesian and German have significant differences in structure and usage. These differences can be seen in morphology, syntax, and grammar, including word order, the use of nouns, verbs, and conjugation and declination systems. Indonesian, as an agglutinative language, has a simpler structure with no changes in word form based on time or case, while German applies a complex system of declination and conjugation. In addition, differences in language use, especially in formal and informal sentence patterns, reflect the characteristics of each culture. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the structural and functional differences between Indonesian and German and examine their impact on learning both languages. The results of this study are expected to provide insights for foreign language learners, academics, and language practitioners in understanding the dynamics of the two languages.

Learning in educational institutions today can be said to lack effectiveness. This is certainly there are things that hinder, both from within the educational institution or from outside the educational institution. This research aims to describe how effective learning actually is, and what are the roles of stakeholders in achieving effective learning. This research includes qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach. The theory that the author uses is the theory of Phenomenology, which this theory tries to look more at the phenomena that occur in an educational institution. The conclusions of this study are: (1). Effective learning is learning that prioritizes Akhlaq, Local Value-Based Learning, and Humanist Learning. (2). Among the roles of stakeholders in realizing effective learning are: Being a good Leadershep Good Leaders, Planning Innovative Strategies, and Implementing Programs to the Maximum.
 
 

In the digital era, major challenges arise from the rapid development of technology, which has a positive impact on easy access to information, but also provides negative aspects such as dependence on gadgets and exposure to inappropriate content. This affects the formation of students' character, which is vulnerable to the influence of foreign cultures and detrimental information. Therefore, character education needs to be improved, one of which is through learning Social Sciences (IPS) which has an important role in instilling moral and social values. This study uses a literature study method to explore various theories and practices in integrating digital technology in IPS learning to strengthen character education. The results of the study show that IPS learning can be optimized to shape character through the integration of values ??such as responsibility, discipline, cooperation, and respect for diversity, both inside and outside the classroom. Instilling character values ??through IPS is expected to produce a young generation who are not only academically intelligent, but also have a strong character to face challenges in the digital era.
 

This article reviews the importance of optimizing literacy and numeracy at elementary school level through the application of multisensory methods. Numeracy literacy is a very important aspect of basic skills for students, not only for academic success, but also for developing life skills in the digital and globalization era. This library research research method is often used in theoretical research, literature studies, or research that does not require collecting primary data through experiments or direct observation. Multisensory methods, which integrate various sensory channels such as visual, auditory and kinesthetic, have proven effective in supporting students to understand material more deeply and have fun. This approach can increase students' motivation and involvement in the learning process, as well as help them remember numeracy and literacy concepts better. This research shows that using a multisensory method approach, numeracy literacy learning in elementary schools can be more interesting and effective, providing a positive impact on students' cognitive development and problem solving abilities.

The Quranic recitation (Khataman Al-Qur'an) at the cemetery on the night of Friday Legi in Montorna Village, Pasong-Songan, Sumenep, reflects the close relationship between culture and society as the foundation of civilization. This study aims to comprehensively reveal how the tradition of Quranic recitation at the cemetery on the night of Friday Legi demonstrates the integration of religious and social aspects in the life of the Montorna community. This research adopts a qualitative method with a descriptive and phenomenological approach. The study finds that the tradition of Quranic recitation functions not only as a means of enhancing the community's spirituality but also as a platform for social interaction that strengthens relationships among residents. The implication of this study emphasizes the importance of understanding local traditions to reinforce the religious and social values of the community, as well as how traditions can serve as a medium for maintaining and strengthening social cohesion within society.

This study aims to examine the role of family environment in motivating elementary school students to learn. Family education is the initial foundation in the formation of learning motivation that contributes greatly to students' academic success. The research method used is qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that a harmonious family environment, parental attention, and providing motivation consistently had a significant effect on increasing students' learning motivation. Factors such as managing study time, monitoring academic progress, and developing children's personalities are important aspects in supporting learning. We conclude that parents' active involvement in creating a conducive learning atmosphere and providing internal and external motivation can improve students' learning success. The findings are expected to enrich insights into the importance of the family's role in students' education.
 

This study aims to analyze the implementation of interdisciplinary project-based remedial activities through infographic media in the Social Studies subject Phase E in class X MAN 2 Malang City after the implementation of the odd semester summative assessment. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that this activity is effective in helping students understand the Social Studies material by exploring topics in depth using relevant data and sources. In addition, students are able to understand the functions and roles of geography, sociology, history, and economics in solving real problems, strengthening research and collaboration skills, and increasing learning motivation. Teachers and students also feel the efficiency of time and resources. However, this study identified several obstacles faced by students, including difficulties in dealing with less competent group members, challenges in using barcodes as references, finding the right infographic design, classifying topics in an interdisciplinary perspective, and dividing group tasks. This study recommends infographic design training, intensive guidance for group management, and more structured learning strategies in implementing an interdisciplinary approach.

This research aims to identify and analyze the factors that cause the degradation of polite culture in elementary school students, as well as its impact on individuals and the school environment. It is hoped that this research can provide a comprehensive picture of this problem. It is hoped that the results of this research can become the basis for developing an effective intervention program to improve the culture of politeness in elementary school students. The degradation of the culture of politeness in elementary school students is a serious problem and requires serious attention. This research aims to identify effective solutions to overcome these problems. This research will examine various programs and approaches that have been implemented to improve the culture of courtesy. Apart from that, this research will also formulate policy and program recommendations that can be implemented in schools. The methodology used in this research is a literature review, with descriptive qualitative analysis from various literature sources. The results of the research show that the lack of strengthening etiquette values at home, school and society is the main factor in changes in student behavior. This research also formulates policy and program recommendations that can be implemented to improve character education in elementary schools. Apart from that, it is hoped that this research can provide practical solutions to overcome the degradation of polite culture, create a generation that is more civilized and appreciates social values.

Along with the development of the times, the presence of digital media has provided new choices for politicians and political parties as a medium in political promotion efforts. This is also utilized by the Gerindra Party, with the @Gerindra TikTok account created since 2022. The @Gerindra TikTok account has succeeded in handling public complaints in an innovative and responsive way. The purpose of this study is to see how political communication, public opinion, and media impact people's behavior. The method used is a descriptive method because it explains the problem in the study which contains a description of the incident to describe it systematically. The results of this study show that in the digital era, media is the most effective means of forming public opinion and public participation in the world of politics is also influenced by the process of political communication and public opinion circulating among them.

This study aims to improve the understanding of algebraic concepts among 8th-grade students through the discussion method. The research subjects were 30 students of SMPN Satap 3 Wolomeze. This classroom action research consisted of three cycles, each including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The results showed an increase in students' average scores from 60 (pre-cycle) to 85 (cycle 2). Student engagement also improved from 40% to 85%. The discussion method proved effective in enhancing the understanding of algebraic concepts, particularly in linear equations and factorization.
 
 

The research aims to examine the effectiveness of the STEM-based approach in 21st-century mathematics learning. The STEM-based approach integrates four main disciplines science, technology, engineering, and mathematics into the learning process to enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The STEM approach is highly relevant to developing 21st-century competencies in mathematics education as both focus on the skills required to address complex and dynamic global challenges, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity, communication, collaboration, and digital literacy. The research method employed is a literature review, analyzing relevant theories and previous studies on the topic. The results indicate that the STEM approach can improve the effectiveness of 21st-century mathematics learning, such as enhancing students' technological development skills, analytical abilities, creativity, innovation, and the ability to express ideas and formulate problems. The STEM approach also stimulates students to meet the demands of 21st-century mathematics learning, which emphasizes critical and problem-solving skills leading to critical, creative, lateral, and systemic thinking abilities.

The purpose of this article is to explore the reasons behind the TNI's change of name from KST or KKB to OPM, as well as the relevant principles of the rule of law. The TNI Commander issued a decree on this matter based on acts of terror and violations of human rights committed by the group in the Papua region, which have threatened national security. One of the principles of the rule of law owned by the State of Indonesia is the guarantee of human rights by law. The Indonesian government wants to resolve this conflict not only through a military approach, but also with economic, educational, health, and political approaches. The name change has raised public concerns about an increase in military operations that could harm civilians because there is no guarantee of protection from weapons activities that might occur. In addition, this name change is only carried out by the TNI alone and needs support from many parties.

This research aims to investigate the role of educational administration systems in enhancing school quality. Employing a qualitative approach, data were gathered through interviews with school administrators, teachers, and educational staff. The analysis revealed that the effective implementation of administrative systems has a positive impact on school performance. This article discusses these findings and provides suggestions for further improvements in educational management at the school level. These findings have significant implications for the development and enhancement of educational quality within the school environment.

The purpose of this study is to determine the Effect of Inquiry Learning Strategies on the Learning Interests of PAK Students and Class IX Ethics of SMP N 2 Tarutung Learning Year 2022/2023. The research method used is quantitative method. The population is all grade IX students of SMP Negeri 2 Tarutung totaling 179 people and a sample of 32 people was determined using the Purposive Sample technique. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire of 48 items, namely 20 items for variable X and 28 items for variable Y. The results of data analysis showed that there was a positive and significant influence of inquiry learning strategies on learning interest in the subjects of Christian Religious Education and Ethics grade IX SMP N 2 Tarutung Learning Year 2022/2023: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy value = 0.609 > rtable(?=0.05,n=32) = 0.349. b) Significant relationship test obtained tcount value = 4.211 > ttable(?=0.05,dk=n-2=30)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y ?="20.49"+1.11X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 37.1%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test obtained Fcalculate > Ftable=(?=0.05,dk numerator k=14,dk denominator=n-2=32-2=30) which is 17.69 > 2.01. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Pancasila as the basis of the Indonesian state regulates the entire order of national and state life as well as all aspects of the state administration of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). Pancasila did not appear suddenly, but through a long process in the history of the Indonesian nation with contributions from figures such as Prof. Mohammad Yamin S.H., Prof. Dr. Supomo, and Ir. Sukarno. Ir. Soekarno, as one of the founding fathers and explorers of Pancasila, popularized this ideology in his speech on June 1 1945, which became the main reference in the formulation of Pancasila. The process of formulating Pancasila involved various groups with different views, which Soekarno finally succeeded in synthesizing into five main principles: Nationality, Internationalism, Democracy, Prosperity and Belief in God. The principle of God, which was initially proposed as the fifth principle, was finally placed as the first principle in Pancasila. This research uses a literature study method to examine Soekarno's views regarding the principle of God and its relevance in the context of a country that is religiously and culturally diverse. The findings of this research show that Soekarno's thinking regarding God offers an inclusive vision that can unite various beliefs in one principle that is accepted by all Indonesian people, strengthen the nation's spiritual foundation, and help face the challenges of globalization and changes in societal values.
 

This research aims to describe the learning process and outcomes through the use of the Mind Map method. This research uses the Action research research method, starting from: a) planning, b) action and observation, c) reflection. The research process was carried out in two cycles. The research subjects were 28 class VII students at MTs Raudhatul Ulum, consisting of 13 men and 15 women. Data was collected through tests, observations, interviews and documentation studies. Data analysis techniques use qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results showed improvement after learning using the mind mapping method. Pre-action was carried out to determine the percentage of learning outcomes of 46.77%, increasing to 70.39% after the first cycle, and increasing to 82.22% after the second cycle.

This research delves into the intricate relationships depicted in William Shakespeare's “Hamlet”, with a focus on Hamlet's interactions with female characters. It aims to unravel the complexities of these relationships, shedding light on Shakespeare's portrayal of gender dynamics, power struggles, and emotional entanglements. Employing a qualitative approach, the study analyzes interactions between Hamlet and characters like Ophelia and Gertrude, drawing from primary texts and scholarly analyses. Primary data sources include the original text of “Hamlet” and reputable academic commentaries, complemented by secondary sources like critical essays and historical contextualizations. Data collection involves meticulous examination of relevant play passages, supported by insights from literary criticism spanning different eras. Contemporary perspectives in gender, psychology, and cultural studies enrich understanding of character motivations. Thematic coding, textual analysis, and comparative examinations uncover patterns in Hamlet's interactions, exploring themes such as love, betrayal, and power dynamics. This research contributes to literary scholarship and broader discussions on gender and societal norms, revealing nuanced portrayals and female resilience within patriarchal constraints.

Based on observation results, student learning outcomes are still low. This research aims to improve student learning outcomes in Integrated Thematic Learning using the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model. This research was carried out at UPTD SDN 66 Kanjitongan, Kanjitongan Hamlet, Mattiro Tasi Village, Maros Baru District, Maros Regency. The subjects of this research were 19 students in class IIIA UPTD SDN 66 Kanjitongan for the 2023/2024 academic year. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the application of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model in Integrated Thematic Learning can improve the learning outcomes of class III A UPTD students at SDN 66 Kanjitongan. This is shown by the results of the analysis in cycle I, the percentage of students who have reached the Minimum Completeness Criteria is 68.42% and the percentage of students who have not reached the Minimum Completeness Criteria is 31.58%. 2 cycles with the percentage of students who have reached the Minimum Completeness Criteria89.47% and the percentage of students who have not reached the Minimum Completeness Criteria 10.53%.

Indonesia is a country that has a high potential for natural disasters.  This is because Indonesia is located in the ring of fire which forms an archipelago.  Program from Beneran Indonesia in the form of Service Learning (SL) is a volunteer action carried out to increase the effectiveness of disaster prevention and mitigation by optimizing public awareness strategies so that community participation can increase in carrying out disaster prevention and mitigation, research and spatial and land planning.  The form of this program is in the form of educational videos sent via social media, Instagram.  The purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of disaster education videos to increase disaster knowledge and attitudes in the community.  With a qualitative descriptive analytic observation method with a cross sectional approach through data collection techniques in the form of observation and documentation.  Thus, the results of this research also show that this disaster education video media is effective for increasing disaster knowledge and attitudes.  Because the effective and efficient dissemination is accompanied by packaging of video content that is concise, solid and enjoyable.
 
 

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the 2013 Curriculum in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects at the Junior High School (SMP) level. The 2013 curriculum, introduced by the Indonesian government, prioritizes a competency-based approach with a focus on developing students' attitudes, knowledge and skills holistically. In the context of Islamic Religious Education, the implementation of this curriculum is expected to shape the character and personality of religious students and develop their understanding of Islamic teachings in a comprehensive manner. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach in several junior high schools in Indonesia. Data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews with PAI teachers, and analysis of documents related to the implementation of the 2013 Curriculum. The research results showed that the implementation of the 2013 Curriculum in PAI subjects faced several challenges, including limited resources, teacher readiness, and diversity in student abilities. However, several schools have demonstrated success in adapting this curriculum well, especially through ongoing teacher training and the development of creative and contextual learning materials. Other findings from this research indicate that the use of active and collaborative learning methods, such as group discussions and projects, can increase student participation and understanding in PAI lessons. Apart from that, the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in the learning process also contributes positively to the effectiveness of implementing this curriculum. Overall, this research concludes that although there are various challenges in implementing the 2013 Curriculum for Islamic Religious Education subjects in junior high schools, efforts to increase teacher competency and use innovative learning methods can optimize student learning outcomes. Recommendations are given to the government and education stakeholders to continue to support teacher training programs, develop relevant teaching materials, and improve educational facilities and infrastructure to support the successful implementation of the 2013 Curriculum.

Digital Education or Digital Literacy is one of the main keys to preparing future generations who will never escape the involvement of modern devices or gadgets, in order to educate the generation in facing the challenges of global change. Tasikmalaya is one of the regions and cities that is attractive for teenagers to be the subject of achieving SDGS or in Indonesian "Sustainable Development Goals" in 2023. This article aims to determine the level of Digital Literacy of the community around Tasikmalaya City, especially teenagers. As well as proposing opinions and breakthroughs in strengthening effective Digital Literacy to support the country's SDGS. This research also discusses the positive impact of increasing digital literacy in supporting the achievement of SDGs 2030, especially in terms of increasing access to education, improving life skills, and reducing social disparities. The research method used is a literature study by reviewing similar previous studies to collect the necessary and relevant data. The results show that innovative approaches that focus on empowering teenagers as agents of change, integrating digital literacy into the school curriculum, and effectively using information and communication technology (ICT) can increase teenagers' digital literacy.

This research was motivated by the motivation of students at SMAN 3 Tasikmalaya was not optimal. this is related to optimizing the management of science laboratories. The objectives of this study are: 1) Optimization of science laboratory management in an effort to increase student learning motivation; 2) obstacles faced in optimizing the management of science laboratories in an effort to increase student learning motivation; 3) Obstacle management solutions to optimize the management of science laboratory facilities in an effort to increase student learning motivation. Research data was obtained from informants, namely principals, laboratory heads, science teachers and students. The data collection tools used in this study are interviews, observations, documentation studies, and carrying out triangulation, then the data is processed by data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verifying data. The results of this study show that the optimization of science laboratory management in an effort to increase student motivation at SMAN 3 Tasikmalaya in terms of planning aspects; organizing; implementation (actuating); and controlling, has been well optimized. However, there is an aspect that needs to be improved, namely the need for an evaluation to be carried out related to the management of the science laboratory, because there are still students who have not shown an increase in their learning motivation

Madrasas have a dual role, namely as a place to gain knowledge and form the character of akhlakul karimah. Madrasas also remain in the main challenge to always improve quality institutionally through developing madrasas into quality educational institutions. This study seeks to describe the implementation of quality development strategies at MAN 1 Ciamis and MAN 2 Ciamis. The study used a qualitative descriptive method with the research subjects being the Head of Madrasah, Deputy Head of Madrasah, Teachers, and Students. To obtain data used techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The collected data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and triangulation. The results of the study show that the implementation of the development strategy carried out by MAN 1 Ciamis and MAN 2 Ciamis are: 1) development of superior programs according to the characteristics of madrasas; 2) student program by selecting the acceptance of new students and the development of talent interests; 3) human resource development program with attention to HR recruitment and competency development through training; 4) infrastructure development program to support learning activities.

In 2013 the 2013 Curriculum was implemented which changed the assessment of students both in terms of knowledge, attitudes and skills. One of the focuses of the 2013 curriculum is authentic assessment. Based on the results of observations and interviews that researchers conducted with several teachers, many teachers experienced difficulties in conducting authentic assessments in the 2013 curriculum, namely teachers felt that Authentic Assessment was too complicated because there were too many aspects to be assessed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the difficulties of teachers in implementing authentic assessment in the 2013 Curriculum, describe teacher constraints and efforts made by teachers. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques used are document studies, observations, and interviews. The results showed that teachers still have difficulty in implementing authentic assessments of the 2013 curriculum, in this case teachers have difficulty

Students experience difficulties in learning to write procedure texts. This is caused by students' interest in learning procedural text material which is still relatively low, students' lack of understanding in writing procedural texts, students are not enthusiastic about learning to write procedural texts. The aim of this research is to analyze (1) the ability to write procedural texts of class VII SMP students. Negeri 29 Medan before using the project based learning learning model assisted by Prezi media; (2) the ability to write procedural texts for class VII students at SMP Negeri 29 Medan after using the project based learning model assisted by Prezi media. (3) the influence of the project based learning model assisted by Prezi media on the ability to write procedural texts for class VII students at SMP Negeri 29 Medan. This research uses an experimental one group pre-test post-test design method. The results of the research show that 1) the ability to write procedural texts for class VII students at SMP Negeri 29 Medaln before implementing the project based learning learning model assisted by Prezi media was still classified as adequate in terms of category, with an average value of 60.16 while the majority of students had not yet reached the minimum completeness criteria. (KKM) which has already been determined by the school with a score of 76. 2) The ability to write procedural texts for class VII students at SMP Negeri 29 Medaln after implementing the Prezi media-assisted project based learning model is in the reverse category with a score of 84.35 based on the test t, with a significant level value of ? = 0.05 and n = 31, the t-table value is 2.04. Therefore, it can be concluded that t-count > t-table, namely 7.15 > 2.04. This proves that there is a significant influence from the use of the project based learning model assisted by Prezi media on class VII students at SMP Negeri 29 Medan.

This study aims to analyze the imagery of Joko Pinurbo's collection of Surat Kopi poetry. This type of research is a qualitative research using descriptive analysis method. The data sources in this study were 10 poetry titles contained in Joko Pinurbo's collection of Surat Kopi poems. Data collection techniques were carried out through documentation studies. Data analysis techniques were carried out through descriptive analysis. The results of this study, namely the imagery contained in the 10 poetry titles in the poetry ontology of Joko Pinurbo's Surat Kopi are 3 imagery, namely visual, auditory, and motion imagery. From all these findings, it can be concluded that the most dominant element of imagery in this poem is visual imagery.

This research is motivated by the existence of a new policy in the project program to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students in character education, in practice, namely to form Indonesian students who have basic competencies and behaviors that are in accordance with Pancasila values. In order for students to have national character in accordance with Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, the government issued a project program to strengthen Pancasila student profiles to support the implementation of character education for elementary school students. This study uses a qualitative approach and descriptive method. Data collection techniques by means of interviews, observation, and documentation studies. Data analysis techniques by means of data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification, and conducting data validity. The results of this study are 1) school program policies to develop character education are the realization of the school's vision and mission as well as project programs to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students. 2) the process of implementing the project to strengthen the Pancasila student profile based on the Kepmendikbudristek guidelines No. 56 of 2022 Guidelines for Implementing the Curriculum. 3) the obstacles faced are in terms of the family economy and the lack of facilities from schools. 4) efforts made in dealing with obstacles, namely by evaluating consistently, making modules, annual programs, semester programs adapted to programs that will be implemented in schools.

The research is motivated by several problems of undisciplined behavior in learning, namely: (1) some students are still late for coming to school; (2) some students still cheat, often skip classes, are noisy in class, and are late in collecting assignments from the teacher; and (3) some students did not do homework from the teacher. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of group guidance using self-management techniques on the learning discipline of class XII IPS students at SMA Negeri 1 Keuntungan Brebes. The study used a quantitative approach with Pre-Experimental Designs of the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design type. The population of this study were all students of class XII IPS at SMA Negeri 1 Keuntungan Brebes totaling 72 students, consisting of class XII IPS 1 totaling 36 students and class XII IPS 3 totaling 36 students. The research sample was students of class XII IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Keuntungan Brebes, totaling 36 students. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique is a non-test with a psychological scale. Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistics. Test the hypothesis using paired samples t-test. The results showed that there was an effect of group guidance using self-management techniques on the learning discipline of class XII IPS 1 students at SMA Negeri 1 Keuntungan Brebes. The magnitude of the effect is indicated by the difference in the mean pre-test and post-test, that is, the mean pre-test is 80.53 to the mean post-test is 84.89, so an average increase is obtained. mean of 4.361 or 4%. It can be concluded that there is an influence of group guidance with self-management techniques on the learning discipline of class XII IPS students at SMA Negeri 1 Keuntungan Brebes.

Abstract. The method used in this research is Value Chain Mapping, Gender Sensitivity Value Chain Mapping, and Canvas Business Model. Value Chain Mapping is used to map activities ranging from upstream to downstream from a tempe industry value chain in Tenggilis Surabaya. Gender Sensitivity Value Mapping is used to map and analyze the role of gender in the tempe industry value chain. Whereas the Canvas Business Model is used to redesign the tempe industry business model in Tenggilis  Surabaya based on value, gender, and competitive advantage. The results of this study are Value Chain Mapping and Tempe Business Model  for the home-based tempe industry. The role of women housewives in the tempe industry value chain in Tenggilis  Kauman is almost 50%. For the tempe production system and marketing management for the SME scale, such as the tempe industry in Tenggilis  tempe village, the maturity level has reached the optimal level, level 5. For external suppliers, the maturity level is still low at level 2 or still in the development stage. For market orientation, competitors and product development are already at a competitive level. Revenue Streams from the tempe business process in Kampung Tempe is the sale of tempe and its processed products, as well as a tourist visit.
 
Keywords: gender role, tempe industry, tempe business model, value chain mapping
 
Abstrac. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Value Chain Mapping, Gender Sensitivity Value Chain Mapping, dan Canvas Business Model. Value Chain Mapping digunakan untuk memetakan kegiatan mulai dari hulu hingga hilir dari suatu rantai nilai industri tempe di Tenggilis Surabaya. Gender Sensitivity Value Chain Mapping digunakan untuk memetakan dan menganalisis peran gender dalam rantai nilai industri tempe. Sedangkan Canvas Business Model digunakan untuk mendesain ulang model bisnis industri tempe di Tenggilis  Surabaya berdasarkan nilai, jenis kelamin, dan keunggulan bersaing. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Pemetaan Rantai Nilai dan Model Bisnis Tempe untuk industri tempe rumahan. Peran ibu rumah tangga dalam rantai nilai industri tempe di Tenggilis  Kauman hampir mencapai 50%. Untuk sistem produksi tempe dan manajemen pemasaran skala UKM seperti industri tempe di Kampung Tempe Tenggilis  tingkat kematangan sudah mencapai tingkat optimal yaitu tingkat 5. Untuk pemasok eksternal tingkat kematangan masih rendah pada tingkat 2 atau masih dalam tahap pengembangan. Untuk orientasi pasar, pesaing dan pengembangan produk sudah berada pada tingkat kompetitif. Aliran pendapatan dari proses bisnis tempe di Kampung Tempe adalah penjualan tempe dan hasil olahannya, serta kunjungan wisatawan.
 
Kata kunci: peran industri tempe, gender, model bisnis tempe, pemetaan rantai nilai

In marketing communications there is a marketing mix, one of which is promotion. Content marketing is said to be a marketing strategy by creating or creating content that is solicitation with the aim of providing information to potential customers. With a good and appropriate content marketing strategy then create a positive and good image for a product or service brand in order to attract buying interest from target consumers. This study used the Disproportionate Stratified Random Sampling technique (stratified random disproportionate sampling), with the target of students of the Social and Political Faculty of Balitar Blitar Islamic University, a total population of 140 students and a sample of 136 students. Data collection techniques were field observations, literature studies and questionnaires. The results of the research from various tests that have been carried out on 140 respondents to answer the statements that have been submitted, in this study there is a conclusion that the relationship between Marketing Content (X) and Purchase Intention (Y) has a positive or significant effect.

An important component of high quality human resource development is education. According to Law no. 20 of 2003 Article 1 Paragraph 1, the Republic of Indonesia states that education is a serious and fundamental effort to advance learning objectives and the educational process so that students actively develop their potential to have a strong sense of identity. spirituality, self-identity control, personality, intelligence, noble character, and skills needed for oneself, society, government and country.

Harmony in a household is the dream of every married couple. Building a harmonious family relationship means the establishment of a romantic relationship between married couples in a family and includes everything that has a relationship in the welfare and tranquility of a family. Even though the family does not have an offspring. The research was conducted in Tlogo Village, Kanigoro District, Blitar Regency. With informants 5 families who have no offspring, after approximately 10 households. The research method used in this research is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The research methods used are observation, documentation and interviews. The results of this study show that the 5 families have good household conditions, despite not having a child. The method used by the 5 families in maintaining harmony in the household is by worshiping together, spending time, commitment, appreciation and affection, conducting medical and non-medical treatment and adoption.