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Pain is one of the main problems often experienced by patients during treatment in hospitals, including in the Zam-Zam 1 Ward of Sultan Hadlirin Hospital, Jepara. High levels of pain can affect comfort, quality of rest, and slow the patient's healing process. Various non-pharmacological interventions have been developed to help reduce pain, one of which is music therapy, which works through distraction and relaxation mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of music therapy in reducing pain levels in patients in the Zam-Zam 1 Ward of Sultan Hadlirin Hospital, Jepara. The research method used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach without a control group. The study sample consisted of 47 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) to measure the patient's pain levels before and after the intervention. The music therapy process was carried out by playing relaxation music for a certain period according to the research procedure. Data analysis was carried out using a paired t-test to determine the difference in pain levels before and after music therapy. The results showed an average decrease in pain levels of 1.79 with a standard deviation of 1.05. The t-test results yielded a t-value of 9.017 with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference between pain levels before and after the intervention. These findings demonstrate that music therapy is effective in reducing pain perception in hospitalized patients. In conclusion, music therapy can be used as an alternative non-pharmacological intervention that is easily implemented by healthcare professionals to improve patient comfort and quality of care in hospitals.  

Latar Belakang: Osteoarthritis merupakan penyakit sendi bersifat kronik, berjalan progresif lambat yang ditandai menipisnya tulang rawan sendi dan timbulnya osteofit pada permukaan sendi/tulang yang berdampak pada gangguan gerak dan fungsi seperti berjalan, jongkok, menaiki tangga, dan aktivitas sehari-hari lainnya. Masalah yang sering ditemukan pada kasus OA yaitu timbulnya nyeri lutut, penurunan kekuatan otot, krepitasi, dan penurunan fleksibilitas otot. Pasien osteoarthritis genu diberi intervensi berupa TENS, Stretching Hamstring, dan Quadriceps Setting. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pemberian TENS, Stretching Hamstring, dan Quadriceps Setting terhadap penurunan nyeri pada kasus osteoarthritis (OA) genu. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini berjenis quasi eksperimental research dengan metode penelitian one grup pretest and posttest design. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 10 pasien dengan klinis osteoarthritis genu dengan teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 4 minggu dengan frekuensi 2 kali dalam seminggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan skala ukur Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) untuk mengukur tingkat keparahan nyeri pasien sebelum dan sesudah pemberian intervensi. Hasil: Penelitian uji pengaruh dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon test diperoleh nilai signifikasi sebesar 0,005 (P<0,05) artinya terdapat pengaruh penurunan tingkat nyeri. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh kombinasi pemberian TENS, Stretching Hamstring, dan Quadriceps Setting terhadap penurunan tingkat nyeri pada pasien osteoarthritis genu.

Background: Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa that is acute and chronic. Gastritis disease often occurs in adolescents. Students often spend their activities with dense lecture activities, quite a lot of assignments and never think about their health, which makes them vulnerable to gastritis. Indications that occur in gastritis, namely pain in the epigastric area, one way to deal with pain is using self - management. Self-management is able to help someone in developing abilities and managing themselves. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between self-management and the level of epigastric pain in students who have gastritis. Method: The design of this study used a quantitative method with a total sample of 70 respondents with a sampling technique using total sampling. The statistical test used is the Spearman rank correlation test. Research Results: The results of this study showed that the relationship between self-management and the level of epigastric pain in students who experienced gastritis obtained a p value of 0.553 (> 0.05) with a correlation coefficient of -0.072. So from the results of this study it was concluded that there was no significant relationship between self-management and the level of epigastric pain in students who experienced gastritis. Several self-management factors for gastritis are factors that include age, gender, student knowledge of various intrinsic and extrinsic factors so that self-management of Telogorejo STIKES Semarang students is known by researchers to be in the category of poor self-management and the level of epigastric pain the majority of students experience mild pain and moderate pain. Suggestion: It is hoped that students will pay attention to and improve their self- management knowledge properly so that they can suppress the recurrence of gastritis.

Background: Patients who experience pain in the ICU occured because it is related to their illness and medical and nursing treatmens that performed to the patient. Pain that is not treated immediately has a negative impact, namely the length of stay, the more costs, the worse the patients condition. Pain management in addition to fermacological therapy can also be done with non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is footmassage therapytechniques. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of footmassage on pain levels in patients in the ICU room at PelitaAnugerah Hospital. Methods: The research design used was Pre Experimental design tipe one group pre test & post test on the intervention. The study was conducted in the ICU room of Pelita Anugerah Hospital in June 2021. The research sample was 20 respondents, taken by total sampling. The research instrument uses CPOT. Data analysis used bivariate. Results: From the Wilcoxon test, the p-value is 0.0001 (p value 0.05), then Ha is accepted, Ho is rejected. This means that the provision of footmassage therapy is effective in reducing the patient's pain level. Conclusion: For further researchers, this research can be used as a basis for complementary therapies in reducing the pain level of patients in the ICU.

One of the causes of the high Maternal Mortality Rate (AKI) is long childbirth. If the delivery process lasts a long time, it can cause the mother to be exhausted because she runs out of energy. This results in inadequate uterine contractions (his) so that it can cause failure in the progress of labor. In addition to the inadequacy of uterine contractions (his), psychological conditions are also one of the factors that affect the length of labor progress. The psychological condition in question is the mother's perception of anxiety and pain during the childbirth process. One of the non-pharmacological therapies is self-healing , which is one of the methods used to manage emotions in order to avoid things that cause stress. This study aims to analyze the Effectiveness of Self-Healing to Reduce the Intensity of Pain in Maternal Mothers at PMB Winda Nainggolan, Hutabayu District, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province in 2024. This research method uses a quantitative research approach with a quasi-experimental design research method in one group (one group prestest posttest). The research will be conducted in May 2024-July 2024. The sample size was 16 people with nonprobability sampling techniques. The data analysis used was using the Pairet t Test with an error value of α 0.05. The results of the study based on the output test statistics obtained a significance value of 0.000 which is smaller than the significance level of 5% (p-value = 0.000 < 0.05). The conclusion of the study is that Ha is accepted, which means that there is an effect of self-healing on the reduction of Period I labor pain in Primigravida mothers at PMB Winda Nainggolan, Hutabayu District, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province in 2024. It is hoped that health workers can improve the quality of service, self-healing can be an intervention as one of the non-pharmacological therapies for maternal mothers.

Knee osteoarthritis is a global health issue with increasing prevalence, particularly among the elderly population. This condition is characterized by primary symptoms such as joint pain, stiffness, and reduced physical function, which significantly limit the patient's daily activities. One promising non-pharmacological approach to managing knee osteoarthritis is Home-Based Resistance Training (HBRT). HBRT combines the effectiveness of resistance training with the convenience of being performed at home and is increasingly supported by advancements in telerehabilitation technology. This study is a systematic review conducted based on the PRISMA-P guidelines, with literature searches from PubMed, Scopus, Semantic Scholar, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. The included articles were English-language publications from 2019 to 2024 that evaluated the effectiveness of HBRT in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The findings indicate that HBRT is significantly effective in reducing joint pain, with a decrease in WOMAC scores ranging from 24.78% to 29.64% (p < 0.001), and improving physical function by 21.54% to 30.2%. These improvements meet the Minimum Clinically Important Difference (MCID) criteria, indicating clinically significant benefits. Furthermore, the effectiveness of HBRT is comparable to machine-based training, particularly in patients with high baseline severity. With standardized exercise protocols and adequate technological support, HBRT can be considered a feasible and effective intervention strategy in the rehabilitation of knee osteoarthritis patients, especially in the digital era and in contexts where access to conventional healthcare facilities is limited.

Gout is a condition where high levels of uric acid in the blood that causes pain, and pain in the joints. One of the measures to lower joint pain is non- pharmacologically with ergonomic Gymnastics and warm compresses of lemongrass decoction. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of ergonomic gymnastics and warm compresses of lemongrass decoction on the scale of joint pain in patients with gout in Alassumur lor village. This type of research was quasi-experimental with cross over group design approach. A population was 38 people selected by purposive sampling technique obtained 34 respondents who meet the inclusion requirements. This research used the numeric pain scale (NRS) observation sheet Instrument. The normality of the data had been tested with Kolmogorov-smirnov. The results of the study obtained ergonomic gymnastics pain scale period I pre-test was 6.94 and post-test was 2.94, stew period II pre-test was 5.18 post-test was was 2.59. In the warm compress group lemongrass stew period I pre-test was 3.18, post-test 1.82, period II pre-test was 3.76, post-test was 1.94. The results of data analysis obtained the value of pV 0.000 with a significant level of p value <a = 0.005, the value of Z prepost period I ergonomic exercise -3.695, warm compress of lemongrass stew -3.676, in period II ergonomic exercise -3.580 and warm compress lemongrass stew -3.531, so that it can be stated that ergonomic exercise is more effective to decrease the joint pain scale in patients with gout in Alassumur lor village. Ergonomic Gymnastics turns out to be more effective to reduce joint pain in gout and is expected to be one of the alternative interventions to reduce joint pain in people with gout.      

Low back pain is still a trigger for health problems that interfere with activities. If not treated properly, it can reduce lumbar mobility so that there is limited movement. There are several treatment strategies for low back pain, namely pharmacology and non-pharmacology. Non-pharmacology therapy that can be done is cupping therapy. The cupping therapy that is carried out is Al Warik point cupping therapy. This study aims to determine the effect of Al Warik point cupping on reducing the pain scale in low back pain sufferers at the Probolinggo holistic nursing therapy clinic. The type of research used a pre-experiment with a one group pre-post test design. The population was 38 low back pain sufferers at the Probolinggo holistic nursing therapy clinic, the sample determination used the accidental sampling technique that met the criteria of 34 respondents. The instrument used the cupping therapy module, data management with the editing, coding, scoring, and tabulating processes. Furthermore, it was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results of this study indicated that the average pain scale value that occurred before cupping therapy at the Al Warik point was 7.00, standard deviation 1.073, and the average pain scale value after cupping therapy at the Al Warik point was 4.74, standard deviation 1.024, the analysis test using the Wilcoxon test showed a decrease in the Low Back Pain Pain Scale at the Holistic Nursing Therapy Clinic in Probolinggo (ρ = 0.000 <α = 0.005). Cupping therapy can be a traditional alternative treatment that can be done routinely for the healing process of low back pain by performing cupping therapy at the Al Warik point.

Lower back pain is a common complaint experienced by pregnant women, especially in the second and third trimesters as the gestational age increases. This condition can interfere with daily activities and reduce the quality of life of pregnant women. Pregnancy exercise is one of the non-pharmacological interventions that is believed to help reduce lower back pain. This study aims to analyze the effect of pregnancy exercise on reducing the level of lower back pain in pregnant women in the second and third trimesters. The research method that can be used is a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post test design with one comparison treatment. The research sample was 28 pregnant women in the second and third trimesters who experienced lower back pain and met the inclusion criteria. Measurement of the level of lower back pain will be carried out before and after the intervention period using a valid and reliable pain scale. The data collected will be analyzed using an appropriate statistical test to compare changes in pain levels between before and after the intervention. The results of the study showed that the average lower back pain before the intervention was 3.32 and Std.Deviation 0.772. The average lower back pain after the intervention was 2.25 and Std.Deviation 1.005. Based on the results of bivariate analysis using the Paired-Samples T Test, a significant p value of 0.000 (p <0.05) was obtained, so there is a difference in lower back pain in pregnant women. Thus, it can be said that there is a significant difference in lower back pain before and after pregnancy exercise. It is hoped that the results of this study can provide scientific evidence regarding the effect of pregnancy exercise in reducing lower back pain in pregnant women in the second and third trimesters, so that it can be a recommendation in midwifery care to improve the comfort and quality of life of pregnant women.Keywords: Postpartum exercise, uterine involution, normal delivery

Laparotomi is a surgical procedure in which the abdominal wall layer is operated on to remove the part that is experiencing problems. One of the problems that can occur in post laparotomy patients is pain. Pain is a person's emotional experience due to tissue damage that occurs after surgery. Laparotomy postoperative pain management must include all aspects, both in pharmacological and non-pharmacological aspects because pain is not only influenced by surgical wounds but also influenced by emotions. One of the non-pharmacological treatments that can be given to laparotomy postoperative patients is early mobilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of early mobilization on reducing pain intensity in postoperative laparotomy patients at Cengkareng Hospital, Belimbing Room in 2024. This research design is a quantitative study with a quasi experimental method using a one group pre-post test design approach, the sample technique uses total sampling, the samples in this study were 20 intervention group samples, the results of statistical tests with the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test obtained the results of the p value = 0.001 or <0.05 there is a difference between the pain scale before and after early mobilization. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of early mobilization on reducing pain intensity in patients post laparotomy surgery  

Masa nifas merupakan periode krusial bagi ibu pasca melahirkan, di mana komplikasi seperti abses payudara dapat terjadi akibat infeksi bakteri, teknik menyusui yang tidak tepat, atau perawatan payudara yang kurang optimal. Jika tidak ditangani dengan baik, abses payudara dapat menyebabkan nyeri hebat, demam, gangguan pemberian ASI, serta komplikasi serius yang memerlukan tindakan medis lanjutan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis asuhan kebidanan komunitas dalam menangani abses payudara pada ibu nifas dengan pendekatan yang komprehensif di Dusun Mantang, Desa Mantang, Kecamatan Batukliang, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah Ny. "N" sebagai ibu nifas dengan abses payudara dan keluarga binaannya. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi langsung, studi dokumentasi, serta pemeriksaan fisik. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Asuhan kebidanan komunitas yang diberikan meliputi edukasi mengenai perawatan payudara, teknik menyusui yang benar, serta tindakan klinis dalam penanganan abses payudara. Evaluasi menunjukkan adanya perbaikan signifikan pada kondisi Ny. "N", ditandai dengan berkurangnya nyeri, penyembuhan luka, serta peningkatan produksi ASI. Selain itu, pemahaman keluarga mengenai perawatan ibu nifas juga meningkat, yang berdampak positif pada dukungan terhadap proses pemulihan. Asuhan kebidanan komunitas berperan penting dalam menangani abses payudara pada ibu nifas dengan pendekatan yang sistematis dan holistik. Intervensi yang tepat tidak hanya mempercepat pemulihan ibu, tetapi juga meningkatkan kesadaran keluarga tentang pentingnya perawatan payudara dan pencegahan komplikasi. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan komunitas perlu terus dikembangkan dalam praktik kebidanan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan ibu dan bayi.

Lower back pain in pregnant women is caused by hormonal changes that loosen joints in the back of the pelvis, a lack of muscle in the abdomen, and reduced blood flow. Prenatal exercise in conjunction with citrus aromatherapy is a non-pharmacological treatment option for pregnant women to alleviate back pain. Objective: This research determined whether providing pregnancy exercises combined with citrus aromatherapy at Indri Sujarwo Midwifery Clinician Demak could relieve back pain in pregnant women. Method: This quantitative research applied a quasi-experimental design, utilizing a pretest and posttest framework. This study involved 44 respondents, who were pregnant women in their second and third trimesters and collected data through purposive sampling. The observation sheet and the NRS checklist served as the measuring instruments. Results: This study showed a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). The study's findings denied Ho and accepted Ha, indicating the capability of pregnancy exercise and citrus aromatherapy to relieve back pain in pregnant women in their second and third trimesters. Conclusion: Pregnancy exercise, combined with citrus aromatherapy, has effects, four times higher, on relieving back pain for pregnant women, making this combination a viable alternative for pregnant women experiencing lower back painleaves (Piper ornatum) against vaginal discharge.

Non-pharmacological therapies for managing dysmenorrhea include yoga exercises and clary sage aromatherapy. This pre-experimental research determined the effect of yoga exercises and clary sage aromatherapy to relieve dysmenorrhea pain scale among 11th and 12th-graders at Advanced High School Nurul Islami Semarang with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study consists of students from the XI and XII grades of Advanced High School Nurul Islami Semarang, 70 students, with a research sample of 42 respondents. The data collection technique for this research was purposive sampling. The numeric rating scale serves as the measuring tool. The statistical test conducted before and after yoga exercises and clary sage aromatherapy in this study is the Wilcoxon test, obtaining a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. The result accepts the alternative hypothesis (Ha). This indicates that yoga exercises and clary sage aromatherapy relieve dysmenorrhea pain in 11th and 12th graders at Advanced High School Nurul Islami Semarang. The conclusion is that yoga exercises and clary sage aromatherapy have an impact on reducing dysmenorrhea.  

Sectio caesarea is a surgical operation to help pregnant women give birth by making an incision in the abdominal wall (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterectomy). Non-pharmacology can be used together to relieve pain. Within 24 hours after a cesarean section, patients can feel a five-fold reduction in pain thanks to lavender aromatherapy. linalyl acetate, and linalool, which can have a calming effect. When lavender aromatherapy is inhaled, the compounds it contains trigger the hypothalamus to produce endorphins that can calm and soothe. the purpose of this study was to determine whether lavender aromatherapy can reduce the pain scale of post-Sectio Caesarea patients. This type of research is a one-shot case study,design with the application of Evidence Based Practice with 4 respondents. The intervention was carried out once a day for 2 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes. The results of this study showed a decrease in pain scores in the range of 2-0, so it can be concluded that the intervention of providing lavender aromatherapy can reduce the pain scale of post-Caesarean section patients. For post caesarean section patients they can apply lavender aromatherapy in pain management efforts.

Low back pain refers to a syndrome with manifestations in the form of pain and uncomfortable complaints such as muscle tension or stiffness in the lower back area. Low back pain can be caused by various causes, including mechanical factors, disorders of tendons, ligaments, fascia, and muscles, and abnormal posture. Musculoskeletal lower back pain caused by mechanical factors can be related to work, hobbies, and daily activities. The age factor is also one of the risk factors for the incidence of low back pain. The Sari Sehat  elderly posyandu is one of the posyandu whose elderly are active in various activities in the community. For this reason, it is necessary to increase knowledge about the prevention of low back pain and its exercises. In this case, physiotherapy has an important role in increasing the knowledge of the elderly about prevention and exercise in low back pain so that the elderly can avoid complaints of back pain. Approach Method: Prevention counseling and exercises on low back pain. Place and time: Sari Sehat Elderly Posyandu, Palur Mojolaban, Sukoharjo.

A hernia is a protrusion of the abdominal wall into another body cavity (hip or pelvis, chest or thorax). One of the procedures performed in cases of hernia is surgery called herniorrhaphy. Surgery is an invasive treatment procedure through incisions to open the part of the body that will be treated surgically, which will cause pain. The pain felt after surgery is acute pain. Acute pain can complicate the healing process which can hinder the patient's ability to mobilize, rehabilitate and be hospitalized. One of the non-pharmacological therapies used to reduce pain is finger-hold relaxation therapy. Finger grip relaxation is a simple technique that combines breathing and holding a hand on each finger which can help control emotions and stress. It is hoped that this method can stimulate the brain to produce positive hormones and reduce cortisol secretion so that pain is reduced. Finger grip therapy intervention can help patients reduce the scale of pain felt after surgery. The case study used a descriptive method with a nursing process approach which was carried out on 3 respondents aged 67 - 76 using a One Group Pretest Posttest research design which was measured using the NRS instrument for 3 days. The results showed that there was a decrease in the pain scale in respondents after being given finger grip relaxation therapy.

One of the health issues that can lead to significant consequences, including heart disease and organ damage, is hypertension. For hypertensive patients, non-pharmacological treatments such as progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) offer an alternative to reduce discomfort and blood pressure. This study uses a quantitative methodology and a quasi-experimental design. For two weeks, 66 hypertensive patients from Puskesmas Bangetayu Semarang participated in the ROP intervention. The T-Test and Wilcoxon statistical tests were used to measure blood pressure and pain levels before and after the intervention. According to the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), ROP therapy reduced pain from 2.68 to 1.76 and systolic blood pressure from an average of 150.15 mmHg to 133.64 mmHg. With a p-value of less than 0.05, statistical analysis revealed a significant difference. It has been proven that progressive muscle relaxation helps hypertensive individuals with their pain and blood pressure. This approach can be used both independently and in healthcare settings as a simple and safe non-pharmacological treatment. the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on pain and blood pressure in hypertensive patients

The intensity of menstrual pain in adolescent girls can decrease study concentration due to discomfort and anxiety affected by hormonal changes during menstruation. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of anxiety and intensity of menstrual pain with adolescent girls' study concentration. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional analytical approach, with a total of 133 respondents determined by the solvin formula. Data collection used three instruments: Anxiety level, intensity of menstrual pain, and study concentration. The data analysis was carried out using the Spearman Rank test with valid and rebable questionnaires. The study showed that there was a significant relationship between anxiety level and learning concentration P-Value = 0.000 and rho = 0.426 while menstrual pain and learning concentration P-Value = 0.000 and rho = 0.515. so it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the level of anxiety and intensity of menstrual pain and the concentration of adolescent girls' learning. This research can increase the role of community nurses in counseling, reproductive education and relaxation training for female students with menstrual pain, anxiety and learning concentration disorders.

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that is often experienced by women and is generally treated with chemotherapy which causes physical side effects such as pain and psychological impacts in the form of anxiety. Apart from that, sleep disorders can also affect the quality of life of breast cancer patients. Sleep hygiene and guided imagery therapy have been proven effective in reducing anxiety, pain and sleep disorders. Therefore, this study aims determined the difference in the effectiveness of sleep hygiene and guided imagery on anxiety and pain in breast cancer sufferers who are undergoing chemotherapy. This research uses a comparative cross-sectional design with a quasi-experimental approach. The data collection technique used purposive sampling with the Federer formula so that 16 respondents were obtained. Wilcoxon test. Before intervention the average anxiety was 63.5% and pain was 4.31%. After the intervention the average anxiety decreased to 45.81% and pain to 3.13%. The results of this study show the influence of Sleep Hygiene and Guided Imagery Therapy on anxiety and pain in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with a p value of 0.000 < 0.05.

Background: Adolescent development includes physical, social, emotional, cognitive and psychosocial. Adolescents are easily emotional, enjoy challenging things, act impulsively, pay little attention to personal safety so there is a risk of physical injury and falls, which can result in fractures. Fracture treatment is surgery. The impact of surgery is pain, pain management can be done by playing fidget spinner therapy. A fidget spinner is a toy that rotates between two fingers, in the shape of a propeller with a ball bearing in the middle, creating a stunning rotating pattern, unique design, attracting children and reducing pain. Objective: Fidget spinner play therapy is applied to reduce pain intensity in children aged 13-18 years. Method: The research method is a case study with 3 respondents who experienced post-operative fractures using a fidget spinner and the Wong Baker pain scale. Results: The results for respondents 1, 2 and 3 showed a decrease in pain intensity, the average pre test for respondent 1 had pain 4 and the average post test pain was 3. Respondent 2 had an average pre test pain scale of 4 and post test pain scale 2. For respondent 3, the average pre test pain scale was 5 and post test 3. Conclusion: The application of fidget spinner play therapy is effective in reducing pain in children with post-operative fractures. Suggestion: This application is expected to be used in nursing care for children with post-operative fractures on the second day.