The COVID-19 pandemic has driven an increase in social media activity as a means of communication and expressing opinions, but it has also introduced new challenges to freedom of expression. This study aims to analyze policies restricting freedom of expression on social media during the pandemic from the perspective of constitutional law. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and legal document analysis. The study involved 15 informants, comprising legal experts, human rights activists, and social media users. Findings indicate that 60% of informants consider the restriction policies to be ambiguous and prone to misuse, while 40% support these policies for maintaining social stability. In this context, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) serves as the primary legal basis for these policies. Yet, its implementation is often criticized for conflicting with democratic principles and human rights. The study also reveals that while the policies have successfully reduced the spread of false information, their impact on freedom of expression is significant, including the removal of critical content targeting the government. This study highlights the need for more transparent, fair, and evidence-based policies to balance public protection and respect for individual rights. It contributes to constitutional law discourse by providing recommendations for policy revisions that are more responsive to the challenges of the digital era, particularly during crise

This study investigates the influence of work satisfaction, organizational culture, and communication on employee engagement within private banks in Central Java. The study's population comprised 150 private bank employees in Central Java, categorized as millennials aged 27 to 41, representing the most significant workforce demographic. Utilizing a non-probability sampling strategy through purposive sampling methodology. Data gathering uses a questionnaire method, with each item evaluated using a Likert scale. The study employed the SEM-PLS technique for data analysis, utilizing the SmartPLS 4.1.0.3 tool for data processing. The research findings indicate that communication positively and significantly influences employee engagement and job satisfaction, while organizational culture also positively and significantly affects both employee engagement and job satisfaction. The mediation test revealed that job satisfaction does not mediate substantially the connection between organizational culture and communication about employee engagement in private banks in Central Java.

This work integrates the outcomes of five studies examining the influence of hedonic shopping motivation on impulse buying within the context of modern retailing in Indonesia. The analysis reveals at least some common patterns regarding the impact of anthropocentric motivation (shopping enjoyment, trend watching, and routine escape) on impulse buying, albeit with contextual differences. The studies on students (Hidiani & Rahayu, 2021) and Popshop consumers (Yusda & Nilasari, 2022) confirmed the positive impact of hedonic shopping motivation (? = 0.276–0.735), moderated by shopping lifestyle and visual merchandising. On the other hand, research at Miniso Tunjungan Plaza (Pranggabayu & Andjarwati, 2022) found that the store atmosphere had a negative impact (? = -0.062), as it was hypothesized that the too rigid store atmosphere decreases spontaneous purchasing. Sendi & Zaini (2024) reported in Samarinda that sales promotion had no significant impact (? = 0.071), and that motivation and lifestyle dominated. In the sociopolitical context, browsing social media enhances the effect of hedonic motivation on online impulse buying among Gen-Z (?=0.297) (Pratama et al., 2023). This interplay of intrinsic (hedonism) and extrinsic (store environment or digital media) elements presents a complex landscape that stimulates impulsive buying behavior.Practically, these are suggestions to improve hedonic experiences through immersive design, limit overly aggressive promotions, and vary visual tactics based on age cohort. Such an integration contributes to esthetics in marketing by showing the need of a more contextual view of the problem regarding impulse buying in relation to hybrid retailing.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengukur dan mengetahui pengaruh persepsi manfaat, persepsi kemudahan penggunaan, dan persepsi risiko terhadap minat menggunakan pembayaran digital QRIS oleh pelaku UMKM di Kota Salatiga Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Google Forms dengan skala Likert. Sampel yang akan digunakan adalah 60 responden UMKM di Kota Salatiga dengan teknik non-probability sampling jenis convenience sampling yaitu karena kemudahan dalam memperoleh data. Analisis data menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda dan diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS 26.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel persepsi manfaat, persepsi kemudahan penggunaan, dan persepsi risiko berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat menggunakan pembayaran digital QRIS oleh pelaku UMKM di Kota Salatiga dan variabel persepsi manfaat berpengaruh dominan terhadap minat. dalam penggunaan pembayaran digital QRIS oleh pelaku UMKM di Kota Salatiga Provinsi Jawa Tengah.