In learning Mandarin, there are four fundamental skills that students must master: writing, reading, speaking, and listening. Writing skills are taught from the first semester to the sixth semester through courses such as ??????? ch?jí hàny? xi?zuò shàng (Basic Mandarin Writing I) to ??????? g?ojí hàny? xi?zuò xià (Advanced Mandarin Writing II), which focus on writing practice. Additionally, ?? hànzì material is also taught in the course ?????xiàndài hàny? shàng (Modern Mandarin I), but the emphasis is more on theoretical aspects. In this course, students learn about the origins and development of Hanzi characters currently in use, including the methods of character formation. The course ?????xiàndài hàny? shàng focuses on three main topics: ??y?y?n (Phonology), ?? wénzì (Characters), and ??cíhuì (Vocabulary). The reference book used, ???? xiàndài hàny? (Modern Mandarin), is written entirely in Mandarin without translations. This is one of the reasons why the researcher aims to develop teaching materials on ?? hànzì (Hanzi) for the ????? xiàndài hàny? shàng course, aligning them with the intended learning outcomes and the course duration. These three main topics must be covered within one semester.

This study aims to analyze the translation of the meaning and aesthetics of the subtitles of the drama When We Were Young (???????) aired on the YouTube channel WeTV Indonesia, as well as discuss the translation of this drama as a literary work. The main focus of this study is to understand how the translator overcame linguistic and cultural challenges in translating the dialog-drama which is full of Chinese idioms and cultural expressions into Indonesian. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design to analyze the subtitle texts. The data used are purposively selected drama subtitles from several episodes that contain idiomatic and metaphorical elements. Literary translation theories, such as equivalence theory by Nida (1964), domestication vs. foreignization theory by Venuti (1995), and audiovisual translation theory by Gottlieb (1994), are applied in this analysis to explore how translators balance between fidelity to the source text and the limitations of subtitle space. The study found that translators often adopt a domestication approach to ease the understanding of Indonesian audiences, while still trying to maintain the original aesthetics and cultural nuances of the source text. The findings make an important contribution to the study of literary translation, especially in the context of audiovisual translation which requires attention to linguistic and cultural aspects simultaneously.

This study aims to explore and measure the effectiveness of instructional materials based on job interview simulations in improving students’ Mandarin speaking skills, particularly as a systematic and contextual preparation for the selection process of the Certified Internship and Independent Study Program (MSIB) under the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) scheme. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques. Qualitative data were collected through classroom observation and students’ verbal responses during simulations, while quantitative data were obtained from pretests and posttests. Initial findings showed that students struggled to comprehend interview questions and provide coherent, appropriate answers. After the simulation sessions, significant improvements were observed in fluency, word choice, intonation, and contextual understanding and response. These results emphasize the urgency of integrating simulation-based learning into Mandarin speaking instruction to prepare students for professional communication in the workplace. This article recommends applying a similar model in other foreign language programs and suggests the development of interactive and adaptive digital instructional resources.

This study investigates the representation of Chinese patriarchal culture through linguistic expressions in Disney’s 2020 live-action film Mulan. Employing a descriptive-qualitative method and grounded in a sociolinguistic framework, particularly the intersection of language and gender, this research analyzes how patriarchal values are encoded in character dialogue. A relational analysis approach, informed by gender and family relation theories, reveals distinct speech patterns between male and female characters. Male characters predominantly use declarative and evaluative speech acts characterized by positive metaphorical expressions, signifying authority and affirmation within the societal hierarchy. Conversely, female characters’ utterances are largely expressive and commissive in nature, often marked by negative metaphors, reflecting marginalization and constrained agency. The findings suggest that patriarchal cultural norms continue to shape social expectations and restrict women’s participation in the public sphere. Within the narrative, gender roles are assigned based on biological sex rather than individual competence or evolving social identities, underscoring the persistence of gender-based power asymmetries in Chinese patriarchal discourse.

This research was conducted based on the results of observations which showed that hanzi learning media for Chinese Language Education students at Semarang State University needed the development of creative and innovative hanzi learning media. The objectives of this research are 1) to describe the results of the needs analysis of radical hanzi learning media "?x?n" for Chinese Language Education students at Semarang State University, 2) to describe the results of the prototype of radical hanzi learning media "?x?n" for Mandarin Language Education students at Semarang State University, 3) to describe the results of expert validation of radical hanzi learning media "?x?n" for Mandarin Language Education students at Semarang State University. The results of validation of learning media by material experts obtained an overall average score of 87, which was included in the score of 4. And the results of validation of learning media by media experts obtained an overall average score of 87.5, which was included in the score of 4 with the category very feasible to use with some improvements so that the media will be better and maximally used.

This research, titled Analysis of Listening Skills in the HSK 4 Test Simulation Among Mandarin Language Department Students at a University in Makassar, identifies factors or obstacles that may affect the Mandarin language learning of fourth-semester students, particularly in relation to errors made during the HSK 4 listening simulation test, based on results collected through Google Forms and Zoom. Due to a lack of understanding of the question context and audio conversations, many participants made mistakes in answering the questions. This study aims to analyze the listening skills of fourth-semester students in the Mandarin language education program at a university in Makassar in completing the HSK 4 listening simulation test.