In learning Mandarin, there are four fundamental skills that students must master: writing, reading, speaking, and listening. Writing skills are taught from the first semester to the sixth semester through courses such as ??????? ch?jí hàny? xi?zuò shàng (Basic Mandarin Writing I) to ??????? g?ojí hàny? xi?zuò xià (Advanced Mandarin Writing II), which focus on writing practice. Additionally, ?? hànzì material is also taught in the course ?????xiàndài hàny? shàng (Modern Mandarin I), but the emphasis is more on theoretical aspects. In this course, students learn about the origins and development of Hanzi characters currently in use, including the methods of character formation. The course ?????xiàndài hàny? shàng focuses on three main topics: ??y?y?n (Phonology), ?? wénzì (Characters), and ??cíhuì (Vocabulary). The reference book used, ???? xiàndài hàny? (Modern Mandarin), is written entirely in Mandarin without translations. This is one of the reasons why the researcher aims to develop teaching materials on ?? hànzì (Hanzi) for the ????? xiàndài hàny? shàng course, aligning them with the intended learning outcomes and the course duration. These three main topics must be covered within one semester.
