The flow of electrical energy has the potential to experience disturbances which are often caused by short circuit currents between phases or phase to ground short circuits. Maintenance improvements by PT PLN (Persero) Grati Customer Service Unit (ULP) need to be carried out by adding tools to inhibit the blackout process. One of the largest distribution of electrical energy at ULP Grati is the Nguling Feeder, with 24 disruptions occurring in 2023-2024. This interference can be reduced by adding a recloser to the Nroll Feeder. Apart from making additions, it is necessary to carry out an analysis of the determination or placement of the recloser on the Nguling Feeder with the aim of detecting disturbance conditions. Several scenarios can be applied to obtain optimal results by taking into account the selling kWh value, SAIDI SAIFI, and the number of blackout areas as an effort to minimize blackout areas. The broken section method can be a fairly accurate calculation in determining the SAIFI SAIDI value and saved selling kWh. The results of the research show that the use of a recloser and determining its configuration is very important to minimize the outage area. Before installing the recloser, the SAIDI percentage was 43% with an index of 20.76, while the SAIFI percentage was 11% with an index of 5.50. After installing the recloser based on the section rupture scenario, the SAIDI SAIFI percentage decreased, namely: SAIDI 36% with an index of 17.24 and SAIFI 10% with an index of 4.97. This shows that the SAIDI SAIFI target as an indicator for measuring the recloser on the Nguling Feeder is appropriate for determining system reliability.
 
Keywords: Broken Section, Recloser, Penyulang Nguling, SAIDI SAIFI
 
ABSTRAK
Aliran energi listrik memiliki potensi mengalami gangguan yang sering ditimbulkan oleh arus hubung singkat antar fase atau hubung singkat fase ke tanah. Adanya perbaikan pemeliharaan oleh PT PLN (Persero) Unit Layanan Pelanggan (ULP) Grati perlu dilakukan dengan menambah alat untuk menghambat proses pemadaman. Distribusi energi listrik terbesar pada ULP Grati salah satunya adalah Penyulang Nguling, dengan 24 kali terjadi gangguan pada tahun 2023-2024. Gangguan tersebut dapat dikurangi denngan menambahkan recloser pada Penyulang Nguling. Selain melakukan penambahan, perlu dilakukan analisis penentuan atau peletakan recloser pada Penyulang Nguling dengan tujuan mendeteksi kondisi gangguan. Beberapa skenario dapat diterapkan untuk mendapatkan hasil optimal dengan memperhatikan nilai kWh jual, SAIDI SAIFI, dan jumlah section area padam sebagai updaya meminimalkan area padam. Metode pecah section dapat menjadi salah satu perhitungan yang cukup akurat dalam menentukan nilai SAIDI SAIFI dan kWh jual yang terselamatkan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwasannya penggunaan recloser dan penentuan konfigurasi memang sangat penting untuk meminimalkan area padam. Sebelum pemasangan recloser, persentase SAIDI adalah 43% dengan indeks 20.76, sedangkan persentase SAIFI adalah 11% dengan indeks 5.50. setelah dilakukan pemasangan recloser berdasarkan scenario pecah section, persentase SAIDI SAIFI mengalami penurunan, yakni: SAIDI 36% dengan indeks 17.24 dan SAIFI 10% dengan indeks 4.97. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa target SAIDI SAIFI sebagai indikator pengukuran recloser pada Penyulang Nguling menjadi tepat guna untuk menentukan keandalan sistem.

<p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="Abstract">The public is increasingly interested in the broiler chicken business as a business venture because market demand for broiler chickens is increasing. The aim of this research is to measure the amount of electricity used in the chicken coop and create a daily load schedule for one month, determine the capacity of the solar panels based on the area roof that is currently used, and designing a PLTS system to meet the needs of the chicken coop and creating an electricity loading pattern of 50% PLTS and 50% PLN. The data collection methods used are observation, calculation, literature study and geographical study. The results of this research after carrying out calculations to meet the power requirements needed to supply the electricity needs in the chicken coop are 12.15 kW of the power that will be produced by PLTS using a 405 Wp capacity module with a total of 30 solar panels arranged in series of 5 and parallel. 6 which will produce a maximum array voltage of 210 volts and a maximum current of 57.9 Amperes which will produce a power of 12.15 kW. Solar irradiation in chicken coops in Tegalharjo Trangkil Village varies throughout the year, with the planning design utilizing the lowest solar radiation intensity value in January (4.38 kWh/m²/day) and an average solar radiation intensity of 5.43 kWh/m²/day to guarantee maximum electrical energy output throughout the year.     </p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Keywords: </em><em>Broiler Coop, PLTS, On Grid</em><em></em></p><p> </p><p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p>Masyarakat semakin tertarik dengan bisnis ayam broiler ini sebagai sebuah usaha bisnis karena permintaan pasar terhadap ayam broiler yang semakin meningkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengukur jumlah listrik yang digunakan di kandang ayam dan buat jadwal beban harian selama satu bulan, menentukan kapasitas panel surya berdasarkan luas atap yang digunakan saat ini, dan merancang sistem PLTS untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kandang ayam dan membuat pola pembebanan listrik yaitu 50%  PLTS dan 50% PLN. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, perhitungan, studi literatur dan studi geografis. Hasil dari penelitian ini setelah melakukan perhitungan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan daya yang diperlukan untuk mensuplai kebutuhan listrik dikandang ayam yaitu sebesar 12,15 kW dari daya yang akan dihasilkan PLTS menggunakan modul berkapasitas 405 Wp dengan jumlah panel surya sebanyak 30 buah yang disusun secara seri 5 dan parallel 6 yang akan menghasilkan tegangan maksimum array yang akan dibangkitkan sebesar 210 volt dan arus maksimum 57,9 Ampere yang akan menghasilkan daya sebesar 12,15 kW. Iradiasi matahari pada kandang ayam di Desa Tegalharjo Trangkil bervariasi sepanjang tahun, dengan rancangan perencanaan memanfaatkan nilai intensitas radiasi matahari terendah bulan Januari (4,38 kWh/m²/hari) dan rata-rata intensitas radiasi matahari sebesar 5,43 kWh/m²/hari untuk menjamin keluaran energi listrik maksimum sepanjang tahun.<p> </p>

<p><em>In the electric power system, the transmission system is a pathway to transmit electrical energy from the generator to the substation or from the substation to another substation which allows power losses and large voltage drops if the transmission length is relatively far and the overload is very high. affect the reliability of the transmission system. Analysis of power losses and voltage drop on the 150 KV high voltage transmission system at the Pati substation to the Jekulo substation. The analysis was carried out by conducting a survey at the research location then doing manual calculations and calculations using ETAP 12.6.0 software. The research method used was that the researcher collected voltage and current data at 10.00 and 19.00 WIB in one month and the transmission system supporting equipment specifications to be simulated in ETAP 12.6.0 from Pati and Jekulo substations in order to make comparisons between manual calculations and ETAP. 12.6.0.The conclusion of this study is the calculation of power losses manual calculation and simulation of ETAP 12.6.0 has a difference of 2.5% with the value of manual calculation power losses of 685.5 KW and the power losses from The simulation results reached 266.6 KW and the calculation of the presentation of power losses in the transmission line of GI Pati - GI Jekulo reached 6.8% exceeding the service percentage variation limit due to losses according to SPLN No. 72 of 1987 a maximum of 5% at least -10%.</em></p>

<p><em>  In the construction of multi-storey buildings, every aspect must be considered in accordance with the rules set out in the Act. Article 7 Paragraph 3 of Law 28/02 states that building construction must meet four aspects, namely safety, health, comfort, and convenience. To support the realization of these aspects, it is necessary to have a building utility. The Joint Lecture Building (GKB) of Sultan Agung Islamic University in Semarang, is a building that has 10 floors and is a busy building because it is used by several faculties, such as the PGSD Faculty, Language Faculty, Communication Faculty, and Nursing Faculty. In the operation of the GKB building, there are several complaints that occur in the GKB such as electricity that often goes out, some rooms have less lighting / dark, queues of elevator users are piling up and visually, the GKB building has the potential of being struck by lightning because it has high above average.</em></p><p><em>Seeing these conditions, the authors conducted a study to evaluate the reliability of buildings based on the utility of the building with methods that have been used in other studies, namely the scoring method that is based on visual inspection and by adding measurement methods, and calculations. From these results found the reliability value of the GKB building on the criterion of health scores got a score of 81, the health and comfort criteria scored 99, the ease criterion scored a score of 98. So the reliability of the GKB building got a score of 92 and was included in the unfit category.</em></p>

<p>The use of electricity with large capacity sometimes faces various kinds of problems. These problems include network losses and voltage drops that occur in the channel. Improvement of electric power factor at PT. Karya Toha Putra is expected to improve the quality of electric power. This improvement is also expected to reduce the cost of electricity bills at PT. Karya Toha Putra. To be able to implement improvements in the quality of the electric power, it is necessary to calculate the reactive power compensated. In this case the power factor to be achieved is 0.95. After doing these calculations, the determination of the capacitor value will be used. By doing these stages, it is expected that the installation of capacitor banks can improve the quality of electric power. Bank capacitors are collections of capacitors used to provide reactive power compensation to improve the electrical power factor. From the results of the study showed that the amount of compensation needed to improve the power factor at PT. Karya Toha Putra is 50 kVAR, divided into 5 steps with one step, a capacitor of 10 kVAR.</p>