This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the Problem Solving learning model in improving the mathematical critical thinking ability of elementary school students. Through the Systematic Literature Review approach, this study analyzes a number of relevant studies. The results of the study show that the Problem Solving model has significant potential in improving students' critical thinking skills. This model encourages students to be actively involved in the problem-solving process, relate mathematical concepts to real life, and stimulate creativity. However, the implementation of this model requires careful planning, support from various parties, and teacher competency development. Further research is suggested to delve deeper into the factors that affect the successful implementation of the Problem Solving model, as well as develop more specific instruments to measure students' critical thinking skills.

Literacy skills are one of the basic competencies that every student at elementary school level must have. Literacy does not only include the ability to read and write, but also involves the ability to think critically, understand information, and apply knowledge in everyday life. This article aims to discuss various strategies that can be used by teachers in developing students' literacy skills in elementary schools. The research method used is literature study and descriptive analysis of various relevant sources. The research results show that the use of varied learning methods, project-based approaches, and integration of information technology are several effective strategies in improving students' literacy skills.