Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa penerima beasiswa bidik misi Jurusan Psikologi Universitas Negeri Semarang yang berjumlah 66 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling yang berjumlah 66 mahasiswa penerima beasiswa bidik misi. Data penelitian diambil menggunakan skala konsep diri akademik, dengan jumlah item 36 yang valid dengan koefisien alpha cronbach reliabilitasnya sebesar 0,921. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data deskriptif dengan metode statistik deskriptif prosentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar atau 63,6 persen (42 orang) menyatakan dirinya memiliki konsep diri akademik pada kategori tinggi. Sedangkan yang termasuk dalam kriteria sedang sebesar 28,7 persen (19 orang), dan kriteria rendah sebesar 7,7 persen (5 orang). Dari tiga dimensi konsep diri akademik yang diteliti, yaitu dimensi pengetahuan individu mengenai dirinya sendiri, pengharapan individu mengenai dirinya sendiri, dan penilaian individu mengenai dirinya sendiri berada pada kategori yang tinggi.

Pemanfaatan spektrum gelombang radio telah meningkat pesat dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, namun tidak sejalan dengan ketersediaan frekuensi yang tersedia untuk pengguna. Fenomena ini diperparah oleh banyaknya pita frekuensi yang tidak digunakan oleh pemiliknya, yang menciptakan spectrum holes atau white spaces. Dalam konteks ini, teknologi Cognitive radio (CR) menjadi penting karena memungkinkan pengguna sekunder (secondary user) untuk mengakses dan menggunakan spectrum holes tanpa mengganggu pengguna primer (primary user). CR memungkinkan adaptabilitas perangkat radio dengan memanfaatkan cognitive cycle, dengan tahap utamanya adalah Spectrum sensing, di mana perangkat CR mencari spectrum holes dalam spektrum radio yang tersedia. Tahap berikutnya, Spectrum analysis dan Spectrum Decision, memungkinkan CR untuk mengoptimalkan penggunaan spektrum sesuai dengan kondisi yang ditemui. Paper ini bertujuan untuk melakukan tinjauan singkat terhadap implementasi CR, khususnya pada aspek spectrum sensing. Kami mengevaluasi berbagai teknik spectrum sensing, mengidentifikasi kelebihan, kekurangan, serta tantangan yang dihadapi. Dengan teknologi CR, pemborosan sumber daya spektrum dapat diminimalkan dan efisiensi komunikasi nirkabel dapat ditingkatkan. Paper ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang pengembangan terbaru dalam spectrum sensing pada jaringan radio kognitif, serta memberikan panduan bagi penelitian dan implementasi di masa depan.

This research aims to gain a deeper understanding of the East Sepatan District's efforts in realizing excellent service in issuing E-KTP, which is based on the principles of good governance. Using a descriptive and qualitative approach, data was collected through field observations through interviews with informants consisting of Heads of Sections, Secretaries and Employees in East Sepatan District, as well as notes. Next, the data obtained was analyzed from the data reduction process, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. E-KTP services in East Sepatan District must meet the principles of good governance standards, namely including the principles of professionalism, transparency, supervision, responsiveness, democracy and participation, efficiency and effectiveness, foresight, and law enforcement, all of which comply with good governance standards. is trying to improve all these aspects and can be said to be almost on the verge of being good, but there are still several shortcomings and weaknesses in its implementation. The results of interviews and observations show that the e-KTP making service in East Sepatan District meets all the specified indicators. Solution So that good governance can be implemented optimally, governance principles such as legal regulations and justice need to always be considered and evaluated.

Pancasila as the legal basis for realizing social justice in Indonesia.  Pancasila is also the basis of the State in Indonesia, which contains the values ??of justice, democratic unity and social welfare. Social justice is a fundamental principle in the legal system in Indonesia which aims to create equality, balance and prosperity for all citizens. Pancasila is the basis for the formation of legal regulations oriented towards social justice, as well as how to implement Pancasila values ??in social and political life in Indonesia. Through legal analysis and literature review, it is hoped that this journal will provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between Pancasila and realizing social justice in the legal context in Indonesia.

UMKM Fake Nail Art located at Jalan Raya Klareyan RT 04/01, Desa Klareyan, Kecamatan Petarukan, Kabupaten Pemalang, transforms plain fake nail art into beautiful, high-quality pieces that enhance the appearance of the wearer's fingers. The goal of this initiative is to support business development at UMKM by identifying existing problems and providing alternative solutions. After conducting observations, several issues were identified at UMKM, including the lack of business permits, the absence of a business profile, vision, mission, and organizational structure, the desire to create a new business logo, an inadequate business banner, the lack of a business stamp, the absence of simple financial bookkeeping, the lack of an online shop account, the business location not being listed on Google Maps, and ineffective marketing strategies.To address these issues, several business development assistance programs were formulated, including: Obtaining business permits such as the NIB (Business Identification Number), Creating a business profile, vision, mission, and organizational structure, Designing a new business logo, Creating a business banner, Creating a business stamp, Designing new product labels, Implementing simple financial bookkeeping, Calculating the cost of goods sold (COGS), Setting up social media accounts like Shopee store, Listing the business location on Google Maps, Producing various videos for production and promotion. After analyzing and implementing these assistance programs, the UMKM experienced positive impacts. These included obtaining business permits such as the NIB for legal business status, having a business profile, vision, mission, and organizational structure for complete business documentation, and more.

Health services are a critical aspect that requires coordination and cooperation from various parties, including patients, families, communities and medical personnel. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the rights and obligations of patients, families, communities and medical personnel in disaster health services. The method used is literature study. Google and Google Schoolar are used as the main sources of the database used from 2020 to 2024 to extract research via publish or perish software. From the research that has been conducted, disaster health services are a very complex and challenging aspect of the health system, which requires a multi-disciplinary and collaborative approach. A deep understanding of the rights and obligations of patients, families, communities and medical personnel is a strong basis for building a health care system that is fair, effective and sustainable. Cooperation between governments, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, local communities and individuals is essential to ensure that disaster response and recovery efforts can be carried out in a coordinated and effective manner. The development of supportive policies and regulations, as well as adequate funding, are also critical to strengthening disaster health services.

In carrying out their duties, general practitioners have limitations both in terms of knowledge and medical facilities they possess. Furthermore, based on the Omnibus Health Law 2023, there are regulations that govern general practitioners regarding the medical procedures they can and cannot perform. Several articles that regulate referral issues are Article 19, Article 32, Article 189, and Article 360. Meanwhile, the regulation regarding specialist doctors is listed in Articles 233-235. However, it is important to emphasize that the authority of specialist doctors and general practitioners is not directly regulated in the Omnibus Law. Thus, the study that can be conducted is an interpretative study that compares it simultaneously with similar legal products. Other references that can be used are Presidential Regulation no. 31 of 2019 and Minister of Health Regulation no. 36 of 2019. Based on a comparative study and judicial analysis of the Omnibus Health Law 2023, specialist doctors have their own independence, and therefore, if they delegate authority to general practitioners, it is guaranteed by the law, including the Omnibus Health Law 2023, especially because the Omnibus Health Law 2023 opens up flexibility for specialist doctors to practice. If delegation occurs, general practitioners can be legally protected as long as the basis for this delegation is emergency for patient safety, secondly is the delegation of authority to ensure patient safety, and thirdly is part of the education for specialist doctors. Although not explicitly stated, these implications are strongly implied in the articles mentioned in the Omnibus Health Law. Nevertheless, there are certain limits that specialist doctors must follow to ensure that patients' rights are well protected, and in the future, there needs to be a strengthening of regulations so that both general practitioners and specialist doctors do not face criminalization.

The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of learning outcomes of students in class X MIPA 1 in Integrated Islamic High School of Nurhidayah Sukoharjo by applying the Discovery Learning “TERPADU” model in online learning. This research is a classroom action research model of Kemmis and Taggart which consists of four stages in each action, namely planning, implementation and observation, evaluation, and reflection. The research was conducted in two cycles of action. The subjects of this research were students of class X MIPA 1 with a total of 34 students. This research instrument is in the form of tests and non-tests. The results of this study indicate the achievement of student learning outcomes that have increased from pre-action to cycle I to cycle II, namely: (1) the student's average score of 66.68 (pre-action) increased to 82.72 (cycle I) then increased again to 89.11 (cycle II), (2) the percentage of classical completeness of 51.67% (pre-action) increased to 82.33% (cycle I) then increased again to 100% (cycle II), (3) N-gain of 0.31 in the “medium” category (cycle I) increased to 0.58 or stayed in the “medium” category (cycle II). Based on these results, it can be concluded that the application of the Discovery Learning “TERPADU” model can improve Biology learning outcomes. Based on this study, the researcher provides suggestions: (1) this Discovery Learning “TERPADU” model also needs to be tested in other class action research either conducted in online mode or offline mode (in the classroom) and (2) this research needs to be developed by using information technology and computer-based learning media in offline mode learning.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis putusan Kasasi Mahkamah Agung No. 2113 K/Pid.Sus/2023 terkait pengoptimalan penerapan prinsip keadilan dan kemanfaatan hukum dalam pertimbangan dan putusan hakim. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada pentingnya peran hakim dalam sistem hukum pidana untuk memberikan rasa keadilan, kepastian, dan kemanfaatan hukum bagi para pencari keadilan. Umumnya, kasus-kasus pidana seringkali tidak berorientasi pada kepentingan korban dan hanya fokus pada pemidanaan pelaku, padahal korban mengharapkan pengembalian harta yang dikuasai pelaku secara melawan hukum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan analisis data sekunder terkait permasalahan ini. Penelitian ini menawarkan pendekatan baru dengan menekankan keadilan dan kemanfaatan yang berfokus pada pemulihan korban dan tanggung jawab pelaku. Berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang lebih menekankan pada aspek perlindungan hukum bagi korban serta efektivitas kementerian dan aparat hukum dalam kasus Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Indosurya, penelitian ini mengkaji peran proaktif hakim dalam mediasi dan pengembalian kerugian korban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hakim belum optimal dalam menerapkan prinsip keadilan dan kemanfaatan hukum, baik pada pertimbangan maupun vonisnya. Sehingga perlu adanya solusi konkret yang ditawarkan pada permasalahan dalam putusan ini agar tercapainya hukum yang lebih adil dan manusiawi untuk para korban kejahatan.

The aim of this research is to determine whether the tax procedural law regulated in the Minister of Finance Regulation (PMK) can override the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). The basis for enforcing tax crimes is stated in the Law on Harmonization of Tax Regulations. The examination of preliminary evidence is not regulated in this law but is delegated to the PMK, granting examiners the authority to borrow and/or examine evidence. This authority is similar to confiscation, causing ambiguity and legal uncertainty. This research uses a descriptive normative method and finds that the rules for borrowing evidence need revision to avoid resembling confiscation. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the borrowing of evidence in the PMK. The results indicate that the rules for borrowing evidence in the PMK cannot override the concept of confiscation in the Criminal Procedure Code due to the lex specialis principle. The conclusion is that the borrowing concept in the PMK regarding Preliminary Evidence cannot override the Criminal Procedure Code. Therefore, reformulation of the PMK is necessary because it still adheres to the autonomy of criminal law, which should be eliminated since Civil Law can adequately provide protection to maintain order. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hukum acara perpajakan yang diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Keuangan (PMK) dapat mengesampingkan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP). Dasar penegakan tindak pidana perpajakan dinyatakan dalam Undang-Undang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan. Terdapat aturan mengenai pemeriksaan bukti permulaan yang tidak diatur dalam undang-undang tersebut, tetapi didelegasikan ke PMK tentang Bukti Permulaan yang memberikan kewenangan pemeriksa untuk meminjam dan/atau memeriksa bahan bukti. Kewenangan peminjaman dab/atau memeriksa bahan bukti secara teknis memiliki kesamaan dengan penyitaan. Tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara peminjaman dengan penyitaan menyebabkan ketidakjelasan sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif normatif dan menemukan bahwa aturan peminjaman bahan bukti perlu diubah agar tidak menyerupai konsep penyitaan. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada fokus pembahasan peminjaman bahan bukti dalam PMK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aturan peminjaman bahan bukti dalam PMK tidak dapat mengesampingkan konsep penyitaan dalam KUHAP karena prinsip lex specialis. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan konsep peminjaman dalam PMK tentang Bukti Permulaan tidak dapat mengesampingkan KUHAP. Oleh karena itu, reformulasi terhadap PMK tentang Bukti Permulaan diperlukan, karena PMK a quo masih menganut otonomi hukum pidana, yang seharusnya dihilangkan karena Hukum Perdata sudah mampu memberikan perlindungan untuk menjaga ketertiban dalam kehidupan. Kata Kunci: Peminjaman Bahan Bukti; Pemeriksaan Bukti Permulaan; Wajib Pajak.