In carrying out their duties, general practitioners have limitations both in terms of knowledge and medical facilities they possess. Furthermore, based on the Omnibus Health Law 2023, there are regulations that govern general practitioners regarding the medical procedures they can and cannot perform. Several articles that regulate referral issues are Article 19, Article 32, Article 189, and Article 360. Meanwhile, the regulation regarding specialist doctors is listed in Articles 233-235. However, it is important to emphasize that the authority of specialist doctors and general practitioners is not directly regulated in the Omnibus Law. Thus, the study that can be conducted is an interpretative study that compares it simultaneously with similar legal products. Other references that can be used are Presidential Regulation no. 31 of 2019 and Minister of Health Regulation no. 36 of 2019. Based on a comparative study and judicial analysis of the Omnibus Health Law 2023, specialist doctors have their own independence, and therefore, if they delegate authority to general practitioners, it is guaranteed by the law, including the Omnibus Health Law 2023, especially because the Omnibus Health Law 2023 opens up flexibility for specialist doctors to practice. If delegation occurs, general practitioners can be legally protected as long as the basis for this delegation is emergency for patient safety, secondly is the delegation of authority to ensure patient safety, and thirdly is part of the education for specialist doctors. Although not explicitly stated, these implications are strongly implied in the articles mentioned in the Omnibus Health Law. Nevertheless, there are certain limits that specialist doctors must follow to ensure that patients' rights are well protected, and in the future, there needs to be a strengthening of regulations so that both general practitioners and specialist doctors do not face criminalization.

Health services are a critical aspect that requires coordination and cooperation from various parties, including patients, families, communities and medical personnel. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the rights and obligations of patients, families, communities and medical personnel in disaster health services. The method used is literature study. Google and Google Schoolar are used as the main sources of the database used from 2020 to 2024 to extract research via publish or perish software. From the research that has been conducted, disaster health services are a very complex and challenging aspect of the health system, which requires a multi-disciplinary and collaborative approach. A deep understanding of the rights and obligations of patients, families, communities and medical personnel is a strong basis for building a health care system that is fair, effective and sustainable. Cooperation between governments, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, local communities and individuals is essential to ensure that disaster response and recovery efforts can be carried out in a coordinated and effective manner. The development of supportive policies and regulations, as well as adequate funding, are also critical to strengthening disaster health services.

The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of learning outcomes of students in class X MIPA 1 in Integrated Islamic High School of Nurhidayah Sukoharjo by applying the Discovery Learning “TERPADU” model in online learning. This research is a classroom action research model of Kemmis and Taggart which consists of four stages in each action, namely planning, implementation and observation, evaluation, and reflection. The research was conducted in two cycles of action. The subjects of this research were students of class X MIPA 1 with a total of 34 students. This research instrument is in the form of tests and non-tests. The results of this study indicate the achievement of student learning outcomes that have increased from pre-action to cycle I to cycle II, namely: (1) the student's average score of 66.68 (pre-action) increased to 82.72 (cycle I) then increased again to 89.11 (cycle II), (2) the percentage of classical completeness of 51.67% (pre-action) increased to 82.33% (cycle I) then increased again to 100% (cycle II), (3) N-gain of 0.31 in the “medium” category (cycle I) increased to 0.58 or stayed in the “medium” category (cycle II). Based on these results, it can be concluded that the application of the Discovery Learning “TERPADU” model can improve Biology learning outcomes. Based on this study, the researcher provides suggestions: (1) this Discovery Learning “TERPADU” model also needs to be tested in other class action research either conducted in online mode or offline mode (in the classroom) and (2) this research needs to be developed by using information technology and computer-based learning media in offline mode learning.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis putusan Kasasi Mahkamah Agung No. 2113 K/Pid.Sus/2023 terkait pengoptimalan penerapan prinsip keadilan dan kemanfaatan hukum dalam pertimbangan dan putusan hakim. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada pentingnya peran hakim dalam sistem hukum pidana untuk memberikan rasa keadilan, kepastian, dan kemanfaatan hukum bagi para pencari keadilan. Umumnya, kasus-kasus pidana seringkali tidak berorientasi pada kepentingan korban dan hanya fokus pada pemidanaan pelaku, padahal korban mengharapkan pengembalian harta yang dikuasai pelaku secara melawan hukum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan analisis data sekunder terkait permasalahan ini. Penelitian ini menawarkan pendekatan baru dengan menekankan keadilan dan kemanfaatan yang berfokus pada pemulihan korban dan tanggung jawab pelaku. Berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang lebih menekankan pada aspek perlindungan hukum bagi korban serta efektivitas kementerian dan aparat hukum dalam kasus Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Indosurya, penelitian ini mengkaji peran proaktif hakim dalam mediasi dan pengembalian kerugian korban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hakim belum optimal dalam menerapkan prinsip keadilan dan kemanfaatan hukum, baik pada pertimbangan maupun vonisnya. Sehingga perlu adanya solusi konkret yang ditawarkan pada permasalahan dalam putusan ini agar tercapainya hukum yang lebih adil dan manusiawi untuk para korban kejahatan.

The aim of this research is to determine whether the tax procedural law regulated in the Minister of Finance Regulation (PMK) can override the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). The basis for enforcing tax crimes is stated in the Law on Harmonization of Tax Regulations. The examination of preliminary evidence is not regulated in this law but is delegated to the PMK, granting examiners the authority to borrow and/or examine evidence. This authority is similar to confiscation, causing ambiguity and legal uncertainty. This research uses a descriptive normative method and finds that the rules for borrowing evidence need revision to avoid resembling confiscation. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the borrowing of evidence in the PMK. The results indicate that the rules for borrowing evidence in the PMK cannot override the concept of confiscation in the Criminal Procedure Code due to the lex specialis principle. The conclusion is that the borrowing concept in the PMK regarding Preliminary Evidence cannot override the Criminal Procedure Code. Therefore, reformulation of the PMK is necessary because it still adheres to the autonomy of criminal law, which should be eliminated since Civil Law can adequately provide protection to maintain order. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hukum acara perpajakan yang diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Keuangan (PMK) dapat mengesampingkan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP). Dasar penegakan tindak pidana perpajakan dinyatakan dalam Undang-Undang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan. Terdapat aturan mengenai pemeriksaan bukti permulaan yang tidak diatur dalam undang-undang tersebut, tetapi didelegasikan ke PMK tentang Bukti Permulaan yang memberikan kewenangan pemeriksa untuk meminjam dan/atau memeriksa bahan bukti. Kewenangan peminjaman dab/atau memeriksa bahan bukti secara teknis memiliki kesamaan dengan penyitaan. Tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara peminjaman dengan penyitaan menyebabkan ketidakjelasan sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif normatif dan menemukan bahwa aturan peminjaman bahan bukti perlu diubah agar tidak menyerupai konsep penyitaan. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada fokus pembahasan peminjaman bahan bukti dalam PMK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aturan peminjaman bahan bukti dalam PMK tidak dapat mengesampingkan konsep penyitaan dalam KUHAP karena prinsip lex specialis. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan konsep peminjaman dalam PMK tentang Bukti Permulaan tidak dapat mengesampingkan KUHAP. Oleh karena itu, reformulasi terhadap PMK tentang Bukti Permulaan diperlukan, karena PMK a quo masih menganut otonomi hukum pidana, yang seharusnya dihilangkan karena Hukum Perdata sudah mampu memberikan perlindungan untuk menjaga ketertiban dalam kehidupan. Kata Kunci: Peminjaman Bahan Bukti; Pemeriksaan Bukti Permulaan; Wajib Pajak.

This is an analysis using development theory related to Prabowo Subianto and Gibran Rakabuming Raka's campaign in the 2024 presidential election which uses Keritis Discourse Analysis, based on a linear view of economic growth which is based on modernization theory by taking four superior work programs. Government digitalization in Indonesia is considered a solution to increase the efficiency of public services, but challenges such as uneven development and limited human resources need to be overcome. Meanwhile, the plan to move the capital city by the Jokowi government and Prabowo's support shows a commitment to infrastructure development, but requires careful planning and serious handling of social, economic and environmental impacts. The maneuvers used by Prabowo emphasize strategic infrastructure development and improving the quality of human resources, while Gibran focuses on local economic empowerment and economic independence.
 
 

This study aims to improve students' mathematics learning outcomes through the implementation of cooperative learning model using the Think Pair Share (TPS) technique. The subjects of the study were the students of class VII-A at SMPN 3 Surabaya. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. Data were collected through tests, namely formative tests and post-tests. The results showed a significant improvement in students' mathematics learning outcomes after the application of the Think Pair Share technique. In the first cycle, the average student scores increased significantly compared to before the intervention, with even greater improvements observed in the second cycle. Besides improving learning outcomes, the application of the Think Pair Share technique also had a positive impact on student participation and interaction during the learning process. Students became more active in discussions and helped each other understand the lesson material. Therefore, the Think Pair Share technique has proven effective in enhancing the mathematics learning outcomes of students in class VII-A at SMPN 3 Surabaya.
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Sentra Produksi IKM Garam Konsumsi di provinsi Jawa Tengah tersebar di beberapa kabupaten seperti Pati, Rembang, Brebes, Jepara dan Demak. Kabupaten Pati merupakan salah satu Kabupaten sentra produksi garam yang dapat berkontribusi terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan garam di tingkat lokal maupun nasional. Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Perdagangan dan Perindustrian (DISDAGPERIN) Kabupaten Pati menunjukan bahwa, banyaknya IKM yang perlu di data dan selama ini pemberian bantuan IKM kurang tepat sasaran dikarenakan Dinas Perdagangan dan Perindustrian Kabupaten Pati kesusahan mengelola data yang akurat tentang kondisi masing-masing IKM, maka diperlukan monitoring IKM untuk membantu Dinas dalam melakukan penilaian. Tujuan monitoring IKM membantu dalam pemberian bantuan supaya tepat sasaran, oleh karena itu penulis membutuhkan sistem dengan menerapkan SPK (Sistem Pendukung Keputusan) dalam melakukan perhitungan. Metode SPK yang diperlukan dalam penentuan pemberian bantuan IKM digunakan AHP dan SAW.. 

This time Indonesia is being hit by the Covid-19 pandemic, so it is important to introduce local plants as immunity to teachers and students. The purpose of this training is to provide knowledge and skills to recognize the Ethno-STEM integrated project learning model (PJBL) on the topic of local plant herbal teas and tropical forests as immunity. This training is important, because the results of interviews with several teachers and master students of chemistry education show that they have never received this training. This training activity was carried out at the UNNES Postgraduate online, as well as the practice of making tea and learning videos at the UNNES Chemistry Laboratory. The method of activity is through lectures, discussions, and herbal tea making practices, as well as evaluation. The target audience is teachers, 22 students of master's degree in education. The results of the training activity concluded that participants had acquired the knowledge and skills to design an integrated Ethno-STEM learning model for herbal teas and tropical forest plants as immunity. The results of the response analysis to this training concluded that (1) participants were very happy and interested in this activity, (2) this activity was useful, (3) participants understood how to make herbal tea and the syntax of PjBL Sudarmin, and (4) this learning was able to equip character conservation.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis laporan keuangan terhadap kinerja keuangan pada PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk Tahun 2021-2023 yang mencakup seputar laporan keuangan dan kinerja keuangan yang terjadi selama periode waktu tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan teknik dokumentasi, yaitu pengumpulan data dari jurnal akuntansi yang sudah ada sebelumnya serta laporan keuangan PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk yang dapat diunduh di situs resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan 3 metode perhitungan rasio dari analisis laporan keuangan, yaitu rasio likuiditas, rasio solvabilitas, dan rasio rentabilitas (profitabilitas). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk memiliki kinerja yang relatif kuat dalam menghasilkan laba dan membayar kewajibannya. Meskipun demikian, ada beberapa yang perlu dipantau lebih lanjut seperti penurunan Net Profit Margin dan fluktuasi dalam Primary Ratio. Dengan pemantauan yang tepat, bank dapat mengambil langkah-langkah untuk meningkatkan kinerja keuangannya dan mengurangi risiko yang mungkin terjadi di masa depan.