Literacy is an individual's ability to understand, use and analyze information through various forms of language. Literacy includes understanding reading, writing and arithmetic, as well as the ability to process information critically and creatively. Through training in making media, comics and sketchbooks. Training activities are carried out in three stages, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation. Where training activities were carried out twice at the Sidomulyo Kulon Progo Literacy House. This training activity supports increasing children's interest in literacy at the Literacy House. Apart from that, the activities and making of wall media, comics and scratchbook can increase children's creativity.

Surabaya as the second-largest city in Indonesia, faces serious challenges in waste management with daily waste generation reaching 1,800.05 tons in 2023, exceeding the capacity of Benowo landfill of 1,400 tons per day. Responding to this excess of 300 tons of daily waste, the Environmental Agency (DLH) of Surabaya City initiated the Zero Waste Village program. This program aims to increase public awareness about environmental cleanliness and waste management, implemented through collaboration between DLH and students from UPN Veteran East Java. The methods used include waste banks, composters, takakura, and processing into ecoenzymes. The program stages include sampling determination, initial waste weighing, intensive socialization, and final weighing. The results are encouraging, with a significant reduction in waste generation to an average of 0.19 kg per day per person after socialization. This success demonstrates the program's effectiveness in changing community behavior and reducing waste volume, providing hope for more sustainable waste management in Surabaya and reducing the excessive burden on the Benowo landfill.

This outreach activity aims to educate the LMDH Wana Lestari regarding product innovation that can be used as a business opportunity through outreach about the potential, health and business opportunities of black sugar cane. Black sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) has many benefits that are not widely known by the public, including health benefits and economic value. The method used in this research includes several stages as follows: 1) Preparation and development stages, 2) Activity implementation stages, 3) Evaluation and monitoring stages. The results of the research show that the outreach carried out was successful in increasing public understanding of the benefits of black sugar cane, both in terms of health and business opportunities. People are becoming more motivated to cultivate black sugar cane as an alternative source of income. It is hoped that the implementation of this program can contribute to improving the welfare of the LMDH Wana Lestari community in a sustainable manner.

The aim of limestone mining activities is to obtain the main raw material, namely limestone, which can then be used as a construction raw material such as cement. This data collection method is to collect primary data obtained from identifying activity locations and secondary data obtained from Journal Reviews and other scientific articles and then compiling them into a narrative. From the results of this analysis, it can be seen that there is a positive impact, namely the recruitment of workers from the local area and a negative impact, namely a decrease in ambient air quality, a decrease in water quality, soil erosion, disruption of flora and fauna and plant vegetation.

A witness is a person who can provide information for the purposes of investigation, prosecution and justice regarding a criminal case that he himself heard, saw for himself and experienced for himself. The rules regarding the procedures for how a person can be presented as a defendant and then whether he will then be sentenced or not are regulated in a series of writings called the Criminal Procedure Law. In handing down a criminal decision, according to article 183 of the Criminal Procedure Code, a judge may not impose a crime on someone unless there are at least two pieces of evidence. One of the pieces of evidence that can be used by a judge is witness testimony. Children can be witnesses in a criminal trial. However, the validity of children's testimony is often still in doubt and further investigation is needed regarding the validity of children as witnesses in court. In Indonesia itself, the definition of child is regulated in various statutory regulations, including Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. A child is defined as someone who is not yet 18 (eighteen) years old, including children who are still in the womb. This article will explain more specifically the involvement of children as children in conflict with the law in the case of children who are witnesses to criminal acts, the position of children as witnesses in criminal trials, and the strength of the evidence of child witnesses' statements in criminal trials.

State resilience has become a topic that is widely discussed and the state continues to try to maintain it through many strategic steps, regulations that strengthen its position and the procurement of new and used military equipment that further strengthens the state's defense position. Purchasing used defense equipment has become an increasingly attractive strategy for the Ministry of Defense to strengthen its military strength by taking advantage of its limited budget. This research aims to analyze the process of purchasing used defense equipment by the Ministry of Defense, as well as the factors that influence purchasing decisions. A case study approach is used by exploring data from various sources. The research results show that factors such as the condition of used defense equipment, reliability, military operational needs, as well as financial and information security aspects play an important role in the procurement process. Apart from that, transparency, accountability and compliance with regulations are also a focus in this process. The implication of this research is the importance of targeted policies to increase effectiveness and efficiency.

This research aims to analyze the types of errors and factors that cause students' errors in solving plantation economics story questions. This research is a qualitative and quantitative descriptive research. The subjects in this research were students in the second semester of the Pat Petulai University Coffee Science Study Program for the 2023/2024 academic year, totaling 18 students. The instruments and data collection techniques used in this research were test sheets, interviews and questionnaires. The results of the research show that the types of errors made by students are (1) conceptual errors by 96.55% of students (2) calculation errors by 86.20% of students, (3) errors in reading questions by 89.65% of students, (4) strategic errors amounted to 79.31% of students (5) data usage errors amounted to 65.51% of students. Factors causing errors include poor understanding of concepts, weak mathematics skills, affective factors, less effective teaching methods.

In the dynamic era of globalization, Human Resource Management (HRM) has become key to success for companies in the global market. Global HRM involves an approach that considers global factors such as culture, labor regulations, and market demands. Challenges include adapting to cultural diversity, varying labor regulations, and managing dispersed teams. However, global HRM also presents opportunities, including broader access to global talent. Through detailed analysis, this journal aims to provide valuable insights for HRM practitioners and company leaders in managing human resources in the globalization era. The research method used is qualitative and descriptive, with literature studies as the data source. The research results highlight the importance of global human resource management in achieving organizational goals in diverse global markets. Proposed solutions include flexibility, effective resource management, cultural awareness enhancement, and employee engagement. With the implementation of effective HRM policies, organizations can enhance their performance and achieve their business goals in the global business era
 

Trigonometry material is considered difficult by students because there are many formulas and concepts that must be memorized, so students have difficulty in analyzing and describing the problems given. One way for students to understand the formula is by learning proof. In proof learning related to APOS theory to construct students' ability to understand the formula. In this study, a learning media will be made in the form of Worksheet based on APOS theory. The subjects in this study were 11th grade students at SMA Negeri 2 South Kikim. The purpose of this research is to produce a valid, practical, and impactful worksheet theory-based proof worksheet for learning. This study is research and development of a product development type. The development process will be carried out using the ADDIE method (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The data collection techniques used by researchers are interviews, questionnaires, and test questions. The development starts from the initial design of the APOS-based proof worksheet, then validated by three validators. The results of the validation carried out to three experts received a score of 91.85%, so that the worksheet was categorized as very valid and feasible to use. Furthermore, small group trials were carried out, the results obtained a practicality score of 80%, thus the worksheet was categorized as practical. Furthermore, a field test was conducted, to determine the impact of worksheet in learning. The results show that the worksheet has an impact with an effective category with a score of 76.19%.
Materi Trigonometri dianggap sulit oleh siswa karena banyak rumus dan konsep yang harus dihafalkan, sehingga siswa kesulitan dalam menganalisi dan menguraikan permasalahan yang diberikan. Salah satu cara agar siswa dapat memahami rumus yaitu dengan pembelajaran pembuktian. Dalam pembelajaran pembuktian berkaiatan dengan teori APOS untuk mengkonstruk kemampuan siswa dalam memahami rumus tersebut. Pada penelitian ini, akan dibuat suatu media pembelajaran berbentuk LKPD pembuktian berbasis teori APOS. Adapun subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI di SMA Negeri 2 Kikim Selatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan LKPD pembuktian berbasis teori APOS yang valid, praktis, serta memiliki dampak terhadap pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan tipe pengembangan produk (development study). Proses pengembangan akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti yaitu wawancara, angket, dan soal tes. Pengembangan dimulai dari mendesain awal LKPD pembuktian berbasis APOS, kemudian divalidasi oleh tiga orang validator. Hasil dari validasi yang dilakukan kepada tiga orang ahli mendapatkan skor sebesar 91,85%, sehingga LKPD dikategorikan sangat valid dan layak digunakan. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji coba kelompok kecil hasilnya mendapatkan skor kepraktisan sebesar 80% Dengan demikian LKPD dikategorikan praktis. Selanjutnya dilakukan field tes, untuk mengetahui dampak LKPD dalam pembelajaran.  Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa LKPD memiliki dampak dengan kategori efektif dengan skor 76,19%. 

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in innovative teaching methodologies to improve student engagement and learning outcomes. The integration of the flipped classroom model with the STEM approach has shown promising potential in fostering critical and creative thinking skills among students. This study aims to find out whether the flipped classroom learning model through the STEM approach can be used to enhance students' creative thinking skills in the subject matter of a three-variable linear equation system for Grade X at MA Mathalibul Huda Mlonggo in the 2022/2023 academic year. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest experimental design. The research results found that the flipped classroom learning model through the STEM approach was able to improve students' mathematical creative thinking abilities in the material of a system of three-variable linear equations. This can be seen from the T-test result, which obtained the results so that sig.(2-tailed) <?=0,05. Therefore, it can be concluded that the flipped classroom learning model with the STEM approach is able to improve students' mathematical creative thinking skills in the subject matter of a three variables linear equation system for Grade X at MA Mathalibul Huda Mlonggo for the 2022/2023 academic year. This is also reinforced by the results of the normalized gain test which has a value of 0,39, indicating a moderate category of improvement. Hence, it can be concluded that the flipped classroom learning model through the STEM approach is able to improve students' mathematical creative thinking skills in the subject matter of the three-variable linear equation system Grade X at MA Mathalibul Huda Mlonggo in the 2022/2023 academic year.