This research aims to design and simulate a DC motor speed control system using integral state feedback (KISF) control. This control is designed to maintain DC motor speed stability with high accuracy despite disturbances or load changes. The research stages include mathematical modeling of the DC motor, PID control design, integral state feedback control design, simulation implementation and simulation results analysis. The show that althought integral state feedback control has a rise time 273.501 ms, slightly slower than PID 197.604 ms, integral state feedback compensates with higher slew rate of change 6.540 V/ms compared to PID
4.344 V/ms. Integral state feedback offers greater
flexibility through pole placement values with Ackerman’s formula J3 = [-12 -100 -600], indicating that this system has good capability in responding to input changes, thus maintaining motor speed stably and efficiently. This indicates that integral state feedback control is superior in system adaptation and handling complex dynamics.

Spiritual growth of Youth is the process of growing in size or growing in the spirituality and context of Christianity. Spiritual growth involves trying to guide individuals who do not yet have a personal attachment to Jesus Christ toward a connection with Him, so that they can become part of God's responsible community [Latif Helen Farida, "The Influence of Teaching and Fellowship on the Spiritual Growth of Children and Adolescents," Christian Theology and Ministry (2017), 120.]. Rotto Marinus, means that spiritual growth is to provide teaching in the truth of God's word which is sown through teaching and fellowship. Therefore, in the context of pastoral ministry, a pastor of the congregation needs to teach the truth of God's word to Youth members. The pastor of the congregation plays a role in encouraging all members of the Youth to increase their spiritual growth. Good spiritual growth is greatly appreciated by Christ Jesus through His words. This study aims to explain the role of pastoral ministry on the spiritual growth of youth in the Church of the Indonesia Christian Church, Gospel of the Majapahit Satellite Kingdom, Semarang. To answer the problems and objectives of the research, qualitative research methods are used by applying data collection. The result of the research to be achieved is that the pastor of the church as a spiritual leader who plays an intense role in order to be able to increase the spiritual growth of youth well according to the teachings of Jesus in His word.

Community empowerment can be achieved through various programs, including village tourism programs. The development of village tourism as a community empowerment initiative aims to motivate and empower the local population by managing the potential of their region. The objective of this study is to describe and analyze the efforts of community empowerment through village tourism in Bejijong Village, Trowulan Subdistrict, Mojokerto Regency. This study employs a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, literature reviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that efforts to empower the community through the village tourism program in Bejijong Village have had a positive impact. The community has undergone significant changes, such as the formation of previously under-empowered groups and the development of local businesses into educational tourism attractions for visitors.Pemberdayaan masyarakat dapat dicapai melalui berbagai program, termasuk program desa wisata. Pengembangan desa wisata sebagai program pemberdayaan masyarakat bertujuan untuk memberikan motivasi serta menjadikan masyarakat lebih berdaya melalui pengelolaan potensi daerahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui desa wisata di Desa Bejijong, Kecamatan Trowulan, Kabupaten Mojokerto. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, kajian literatur, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui program desa wisata di Desa Bejijong memberikan dampak positif. Masyarakat mengalami perubahan signifikan, seperti terbentuknya kelompok masyarakat yang sebelumnya kurang berdaya, serta pengembangan usaha masyarakat menjadi wisata edukasi yang menarik bagi wisatawan.

Based on Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources data, regarding the target achievement of mechanical equipment performance in mining companies, PT Bumi Nikel Nusantara has a level of achievement value of equipment performance less than the value set in the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Decree No.1827/2018. A mechanical equipment performance value can be achieved by examining ongoing mining activities on one mining front that includes loading and transportation activities. One of the efforts is to know the productive time, calculate the obstacle time and repair time of the equipment in case of damage. The results of the performance for the Use of Availability (UA) parameter of the EHJ Block Mawar pit loading equipment is 74% (not achieved), 71% Pit Mawar transport equipment, pit 3 loading excavation equipment 75% (achieved), and Pit 3 transport equipment 71% (not achieved). While the results of the study of the achievement of productivity of the loading and unloading equipment show the achievement with a value for loading equipment of 76,71% (not achieved) and transport equipment of 65,63% (not achieved). 

This study seeks to examine the legal vacuum surrounding regional head elections that feature only a single candidate, as well as the legal implications that arise from this scenario. In a democratic system, the principle of popular sovereignty necessitates a fair and free electoral process; however, the absence of clear regulations for regional head elections with a solitary candidate can jeopardize the integrity of this principle. Employing a normative legal methodology with both legislative and conceptual approaches, this study investigates various regulations that govern regional head elections and assesses how this legal vacuum impacts the electoral process and the constitutional rights of citizens. Additionally, the study identifies several strategies to address the legal vacuum, which include establishing clear legal provisions for the election process involving a single candidate, implementing a plebiscite mechanism, and enhancing transparency throughout the electoral process. The findings suggest that a more definitive and explicit legal framework is essential to uphold the principle of popular sovereignty in regional head elections featuring a single candidate. 

Restorative Justice atau Keadilan Restoratif sebagai suatu bentuk pendekatan baru masih menimbulkan perdebatan dalam penanggulangan kejahatan khususnya terkait dengan pemenuhan rasa keadilan dan kepastian hukum. Hal ini mengingat di dalam konteks Hukum Pidana penanggulangan tindak pidana dengan upaya represif lebih banyak mempergunakan pendekatan sanksi sebagaimana diatur dalam KUHP. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah implementasi prinsip kepastian hukum dan keadilan dalam penghentian tuntutan berdasarkan keadilan restoratif. Dalam penelitian ini, metodologi penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah walaupun penghentian penuntutan melalui Keadilan Restoratif secara formal tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana, namun cara semacam ini merupakan pola penanganan perkara yang cukup ideal untuk menjawab kebutuhan masyarakat akan keadilan.

Artikel ini akan membahas tentang urgensi fitur feedback pada pengembangan aplikasi e-perda Sekretariat DPRD Kota Salatiga dalam rangka perwujudan meaningful participation. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena belum adanya fitur feedback pada aplikasi e-perda Sekretariat DPRD Kota Salatiga. Adapun keberadaan fitur feedback adalah penting dalam rangka meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat (meaningful participation) dalam hal berupa penyampaian kritik dan saran terhadap rancangan peraturan daerah yang sedang dibentuk. Tidak hanya itu, tindakan ini merupakan bentuk kepatuhan terhadap Putusan MK No. 91/PUU-XVIII/2020. Dalam Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif-empiris dengan pendekatan konseptual dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setelah dikaji, dengan diterapkannya fitur feedback pada pengembangan aplikasi e-perda oleh Sekretariat DPRD Kota Salatiga telah memenuhi salah satu unsur meaningful participation yang terdiri dari right to be heard, right to be considered, dan right to be explained.
 
This article will discuss the urgency of the feedback feature in the development of e-perda application of the Salatiga City DPRD Secretariat in order to realize meaningful participation. This research is motivated by the absence of a feedback feature on the Salatiga City DPRD Secretariat's e-perda application. The existence of the feedback feature is important in order to increase public participation in the form of submitting criticism and suggestions for the draft local regulations that are being formed. Not only that, this action is a form of compliance with Constitutional Court Decision No. 91/PUU-XVIII/2020. This research uses normative-empirical research methods with conceptual and statutory approaches. The results of this study show that after review, the implementation of the feedback feature in the development of the e-perda application by the Salatiga City DPRD Secretariat has fulfilled one of the elements of meaningful participation, which consists of the right to be heard, the right to be considered, and the right to be explained

This study aims to examine the evolution of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) implementation and its challenges in the digital economy over the past 15 years, focusing particularly on Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach was employed, utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, resulting in the analysis of 36 selected articles from an initial pool of 291. The results indicate a significant increase in CRM adoption, especially among SMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting that CRM enhances customer loyalty, satisfaction, and operational efficiency while also fostering innovation. However, challenges such as high implementation costs, data security concerns, and a lack of technological knowledge persist. This research contributes to existing literature by providing insights into CRM adoption trends and challenges, emphasizing the need for integrated security measures and support for SMEs to maximize CRM benefits.

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi penerapan arsitektur deep learning berbasis transformer untuk mengidentifikasi emosi dari ulasan pelanggan e-commerce berbahasa Indonesia. Menggunakan dataset yang terdiri dari 5.400 ulasan pelanggan, model ini dirancang untuk mengklasifikasikan lima kategori emosi: Happy, Sadness, Anger, Love, dan Fear. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kecenderungan pelanggan untuk berbagi pengalaman positif dengan dominasi emosi Happy dalam ulasan. Model Transformer berhasil mencapai akurasi klasifikasi keseluruhan sebesar 77,2%, dengan efisiensi waktu pelatihan yang optimal sekitar 90 detik. Evaluasi performa menggunakan confusion matrix dan metrik presisi, recall, dan F1-score memberikan wawasan tentang keefektifan model dalam membedakan emosi kompleks. Temuan ini merefleksikan potensi pemanfaatan teknologi deep learning dalam meningkatkan pemahaman terhadap perilaku pelanggan dan mendukung pengembangan strategi bisnis yang responsif.
 
Kata kunci: Transformer, Ulasan Pelanggan, Klasifikasi Emosi

The financial sector has experienced significant transformation with the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, particularly in improving business decision-making. This study aims to analyze the impact of AI on decision-making quality, focusing on risk analysis and portfolio management in Indonesia's financial sector. A mixed-method approach was utilized, combining quantitative and qualitative data to provide a comprehensive view of AI’s role in financial decision-making processes. Quantitative data were gathered through surveys of 50 respondents from various financial institutions, while qualitative data were obtained from semi-structured interviews with industry executives. The findings indicate that AI significantly enhances risk analysis accuracy by 25%, optimizes portfolio management, accelerates decision-making processes, and improves operational efficiency by automating manual tasks and reducing human errors. Despite these benefits, the study also identifies challenges such as data quality issues and high implementation costs, which hinder the broader adoption of AI in the financial sector. The study concludes that AI offers substantial potential to improve decision-making in the financial industry, but addressing data infrastructure and training needs is critical for achieving optimal outcomes