The P2TL rule is an abbreviation for the Collision Prevention Regulation at Sea, a rule that makes it easier for ships to sail safely and avoid the danger of collisions between 2 or more ships. The aim of this research is to explain the application of P2TL rules when ships are sailing to reduce the risk of collisions between ships and create safety in navigation on MV ships. Meratus Palembang. This research was carried out using quantitative descriptive statistical research methods. With data collection techniques based on the results of questionnaires, observations, literature studies related to P2TL regulations during maritime guard duty. Then the data was analyzed using SPSS calculations and described. Based on the research results, it was concluded that the P2TL rules were applied during maritime guard duty on the MV. Meratus Palembang has complied with established procedures. This is to ensure safety at sea by preventing accidents that could result in loss of life, damage to ships, and potential environmental pollution at sea.

Aturan P2TL merupakan singkatan dari Peraturan Pencegahan Tabrakan di Laut, aturan yang memudahkan kapal-kapal berlayar dengan aman dan terhindar dari bahaya tubrukan antar 2 kapal atau lebih. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan penerapan aturan P2TL pada saat kapal sedang berlayar untuk mengurangi bahaya resiko tabrakan antar kapal dan terciptanya keselamatan dalam pelayaran di kapal MV. Meratus Palembang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan metode penelitian statistik deskriptif kuantitatif. Dengan teknik pengumpulan data berdasarkan hasil kuesioner, observasi, studi kepustakaan yang berkaitan dengan aturan P2TL saat dinas jaga laut. Kemudian data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan perhitungan SPSS dan di deskripsikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan penerapan aturan P2TL saat dinas jaga laut di MV. Meratus Palembang telah sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah ditetapkan. Hal ini untuk memastikan keselamatan di laut dengan mencegah kecelakaan yang dapat mengakibatkan kerugian jiwa, kerusakan pada kapal, dan potensi pencemaran lingkungan di laut.

 The development of COVID-19 cases in Aceh for each region based on spatio-temporal is vital information to know. Spatio-temporal mapping is carried out to knowthe distribution of cases in diversity based on regional and time conditions. The timeseries design study was used as the research design in this study. This study aims toobtain factors that influence the incidence of COVID-19 cases in Aceh using paneldata regression analysis and the GTWR model for more accurate results. There arenine variables from 23 districts/cities in Aceh Province in 2020 and 2021. Based onpartial panel data regression analysis, of the eight independent variables that arefactors for analysis, it shows that only the variable number of doctors (p < 0.000),number of Tuberculosis Cases (p < 0.000), Number of Villages with Puskesmas (p< 0.026), and Number of Poor population (p < 0.035) have a significant effect onthe increase in COVID-19 cases in Aceh. The number of Tuberculosis Cases is avery dominant variable. Then, the results of the GTWR analysis using the AdaptiveKernel Exponential weighting function show that regional and time diversity affectthe factors that cause an increase in COVID-19 cases in Aceh. These factors need tobe a concern in controlling COVID-19 cases in Aceh in the future. 

The official residence owned by PT KAI (Persero) is a non-railway asset that functions as a residence for its employees. However, in fact, there are occupants of official houses who are not PT KAI employees, including occupants of PT KAI official houses on Jl. Veteran Semarang which then caused disputes. Based on this, this research will discuss the dispute resolution of PT KAI official house tenure on Jalan Veteran Semarang City, the obstacles faced in dispute resolution, and efforts to overcome them. This type of research is juridical sociological, the research specifications are descriptive analytical, the data used are primary and secondary data, which are taken by interview, literature study and documentation study. The data is then analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the resolution of the dispute over the control of PT KAI's official house on Jalan Veteran Semarang City was carried out by non-litigation and litigation. Non-litigation resolution is divided into 3 stages, namely: socialization, negotiation, and binding through a lease agreement. Not all official house disputes in Jalan Veteran Semarang City were successfully resolved through non-litigation, so they had to be resolved through the litigation process. The process was carried out by filing a lawsuit to the Semarang District Court which ended up at the appeal and cassation levels. The verdicts were all won by the PT KAI, so the occupants who controlled the PT KAI official house had to leave it. The obstacles encountered were that the occupants were adamant about not moving, the occupants did not come during the negotiation process, and the occupants kept asking for time to think/discuss, causing the negotiation process to be repeated. These obstacles are overcome by conducting family deliberations, namely by visiting residents door to door, issuing warning letters to vacate company houses, and the last effort is mediation.AbstrakRumah dinas milik PT KAI (Persero) adalah aset non-railway yang berfungsi sebagai hunian bagi pegawainya. Namun faktanya, terdapat penghuni rumah dinas yang bukan pegawai PT KAI, antara lain penghuni rumah dinas PT KAI di Jl. Veteran Semarang yang kemudian menimbulkan sengketa. Berdasarkan hal tersebut penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai penyelesaian sengketa penguasaan rumah dinas PT KAI di Jalan Veteran Kota Semarang, kendala yang dihadapi dalam penyelesaian sengketa, serta upaya mengatasinya. Jenis penelitian ini yuridis sosiologis, spesifikasi penelitiannya deskriptif analitis, data yang dipakai adalah data primer dan sekunder, yang diambil dengan cara wawancara, studi pustaka dan studi dokumentasi. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelesaian sengketa penguasaan rumah dinas PT KAI di Jalan Veteran Kota Semarang dilakukan dengan cara non litigasi dan litigasi. Penyelesaian secara non litigasi dibagi menjadi 3 tahap, yaitu : sosialisasi, negosiasi, dan melakukan perikatan melalui perjanjian sewa-menyewa. Tidak semua sengketa rumah dinas di Jalan Veteran Kota Semarang berhasil diselesaikan secara non-litigasi, sehingga terpaksa diselesaikan melalui proses litigasi. Proses tersebut dilakukan dengan mengajukan gugatan ke Pengadilan Negeri Semarang yang berakhir di tingkat banding dan kasasi. Isi putusan tersebut semua dimenangkan oleh PT KAI, sehingga penghuni yang menguasai rumah dinas PT KAI harus meninggalkannya. Kendala yang dihadapi ialah penghuni rumah bersikukuh tidak pindah, penghuni rumah tidak datang saat proses negosiasi, serta penghuni rumah terus meminta waktu untuk berpikir/berdiskusi sehingga menyebabkan proses negosiasi dilakukan secara berulang. Kendala tersebut diatasi dengan melakukan musyawarah kekeluargaan yaitu dengan mendatangi penghuni secara door to door, mengeluarkan surat peringatan pengosongan rumah perusahaan, dan upaya terakhir adalah mediasi.

Public speaking is an ability that a person has to be able to speak in public with the aim of conveying an idea or information. Public speaking is an important skill to have in this day and age. However, in reality, public speaking becomes a scary thing for some people. This is due to feelings of anxiety, fear, nervousness, and lack of confidence in their own abilities. The existence of public speaking seminars and training is expected to increase self-confidence and eliminate feelings of fear when faced with such situations. The activity entitled "Berani Bicara, Berani Berdakwah" was carried out with 3 stages, namely the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. From the activities that have been carried out at Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Ula NU 08 Sullamul Hidayah, children can learn and dare to show public speaking skills during the event. Not only that, the children also began to control their negative feelings, such as fear, anxiety, and lack of confidence

The management of public aspirations is a strategic task of the Public Relations (PR) department at the DPRD Secretariat to support information transparency and public participation. This study aims to examine the roles, challenges, and strategies of PR in managing public aspirations in Central Kalimantan Province. Using empirical and normative juridical approaches, primary and secondary data were qualitatively analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of communication mechanisms implemented. The findings indicate that PR serves as a mediator between the public and the DPRD through hearings, discussion forums, and digital platforms. In addition to gathering public aspirations, PR also educates the public on mechanisms for submitting opinions and the importance of public participation. However, this study identifies several challenges, such as limited access to information for remote communities, insufficient public understanding of aspiration submission procedures, and slow responses to incoming inputs. To address these issues, innovations are required, including the implementation of an online-based management information system, capacity building through training, and periodic evaluations of aspiration management processes. These strategies are expected to enhance transparency, accountability, and the effectiveness of aspiration management, ensuring that public aspirations are optimally accommodated in legislative processes and regional development planning.

The stagnation of human rights enforcement in Indonesia's Reformation Era has highlighted a critical imbalance: the current system prioritizes punishing perpetrators of serious human rights violations over addressing the recovery and well-being of victims. This research introduces The Constitution of Peace as a transformative, victim-centered model for resolving serious human rights violations outside the courtroom, aligning with the principles and soul of the 1945 Constitution. The proposed model comprises three innovative approaches: first, mediation facilitated by the National Human Rights Commission to foster dialogue and accountability; second, the provision of compensation, restitution, and assistance to victims through the Witness and Victim Protection Agency, ensuring tangible support for recovery; and third, an official apology by the relevant authority, accompanied by the fulfillment of economic, social, and culpability obligations. Together, these measures aim to correct the limitations of the current retributive framework by prioritizing restorative justice and victim empowerment. By embracing these victim-oriented solutions, this model not only addresses the legal and moral obligations enshrined in the 1945 Constitution but also fosters reconciliation and societal healing. The research underscores the transformative potential of the Constitution as a foundation for peace, justice, and the resolution of entrenched human rights challenges. It calls for a paradigm shift from punitive measures to a more holistic approach, ensuring that justice serves both the dignity of victims and the broader goal of national harmony.

Education in the digital era faces challenges in creating an interesting and effective learning process, especially in the subject of Islamic Cultural History (SKI) which is often considered monotonous. This study aims to develop Educaplay game-based learning media to increase student activeness in learning SKI. This research uses a Research and Development approach using the Dick and Carey model with a research sample of seventh grade students of MTS Muslimat NU Palangka Raya. The results showed that the use of Educaplay game media can increase students' activeness, as well as improve their understanding of SKI material, despite challenges in technology adaptation and understanding abstract concepts. This research shows the importance of technological innovation in Islamic learning, especially in creating relevant learning experiences in the digital era.

Accounting records are an important part of every BUMDes, but many still do it manually and do not have financial reports. To overcome this, the community service team plans to provide support to Wotanmas Jedong Village through financial literacy training and accounting methods. This training is intended for BUMDes administrators and village treasurers, with routine assistance in each business unit. Evaluation findings show that participants' understanding is getting better, and they can now identify assets and organize financial data more neatly. In order to increase the effectiveness of the program, it is recommended to use an integrated accounting application and additional training related to asset management and accounting technology. Thus, this training not only develops the skills of BUMDes managers, but also ensures transparency and accountability in financial operations in line with applicable accounting standards.

This study aims to determine the difficulties of students in solving Higher Order Thingking Skills (HOTS) problems by using the Polya method in Trigonometric comparison materials. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of the study were 36 students in class X.1 of SMA Negeri 2 Situbondo. Data collection techniques use test questions, interviews and documentation. The test in the form of Higher Order Thingking Skills (HOTS) questions is carried out to measure students' abilities. Interviews were conducted on 6 students based on the category of ability level of test results. Data analysis was carried out using data induction and reduction theory. The test results showed that those who scored in the high-level category were 10 students (28%), the moderate-level category was 14 students (39%) and the low-level category was 12 students (33%). The conclusion of this study states that the difficulty of students in solving Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions using the polya method, namely subjects with high-level categories, experience difficulties at the re-examination stage. Subjects with a moderate level category, experienced difficulties at the stage of implementing the plan and re-examining. Subjects with low-level categories experienced difficulties at all stages of polya, namely at the stage of understanding the problem, making a plan, implementing the plan and re-examining.