Peningkatan konsumsi energi nasional akibat pertumbuhan penduduk mendorong urgensi pengembangan energi alternatif, salah satunya biogas.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas tiga jenis starter kotoran ternak (sapi, kambing, dan kuda) yang dicampur dengan bahan utama sayuran kubis serta penambahan EM4 dalam produksi biogas. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan masa fermentasi 30 hari. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi nilai pH, rasio C/N, CH?, CO, O?, dan H?S dan volume biogas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran limbah kubis dan kotoran kambing memiliki rasio C/N ideal (21,294), nilai pH netral (7), serta volume gas dan kandungan metana yang lebih tinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Produksi gas metana terpantau selama 30 hari, dengan awal deteksi terjadi pada hari ke-20 hingga ke-25, terutama pada perlakuan starter kotoran kambing, Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pemilihan jenis starter kotoran ternak memengaruhi keberhasilan fermentasi biogas, bahwa kotoran kambing merupakan bahan paling potensial untuk produksi biogas berbasis limbah sayuran. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam pemanfaatan limbah organik sebagai sumber energi terbarukan yang berkelanjutan

This study explores the implementation process of the Electronic Health Record (EHR) system at RSUD Loekmono Hadi Kudus. The objective is to gain an in-depth understanding of the implementation phases, identify encountered challenges, and assess the system’s impact on the efficiency of medical record management and quality of healthcare services. A qualitative methodology was employed, using in-depth interviews and direct field observations for data collection. The findings indicate that the EHR system facilitates easier access to patient data, accelerates service delivery, and improves the accuracy and reliability of medical information. Despite facing several challenges related to technical issues and human resources, training and adaptation efforts proved effective in overcoming these obstacles. The study recommends ongoing system enhancements and continuous training for staff to ensure more effective utilization of EHR in the future.

This study aims to examine the influence of electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) specifically its quality, quantity, and credibility on purchase intention, with brand awareness as a mediating variable for Mixue products in Jember Regency. The research employed a quantitative explanatory method using purposive sampling involving 160 respondents. The findings indicate that e-WOM quality, quantity, and credibility significantly influence purchase intention. However, only e-WOM credibility has a significant impact on brand awareness and is proven to mediate the relationship between e-WOM credibility and purchase intention. In contrast, e-WOM quality and quantity do not significantly affect brand awareness, and thus brand awareness does not mediate their relationship with purchase intention. These findings highlight the importance of information credibility in building brand awareness and enhancing consumers' purchase intention.

This study explains the impact of digital marketing growth and business ethics on the competitive advantage of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Cikarang. MSMEs have competed intensively in this digital era, so it is important to use innovative digital marketing and uphold business ethics to gain customer trust. However, most MSMEs in Cikarang still find it difficult to implement effective digital marketing strategies and business ethics in their daily operations, resulting in low competitive advantage. In the real world, this study uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to 60 MSME actors in Cikarang. The results show that the development of digital marketing and business ethics simultaneously have a significant influence on the competitive advantage of MSMEs. Although the role of digital marketing is significant, business ethics has a greater influence in shaping the competitive advantage of MSMEs in Cikarang. This means that MSMEs in Cikarang not only need to develop digital marketing, but also must prioritize business ethics to achieve sustainable competitive advantage..

This study investigates the influence of service quality, trust, and commitment on member loyalty in Women’s Cooperatives in Jember Regency, Indonesia. Amid increasing competition from financial institutions and a declining number of active cooperatives, member loyalty has become a critical factor for sustainability. Drawing upon the Key Mediating Variable (KMV) model and relationship marketing theory, this research highlights how service quality and trust shape long-term cooperative-member relationships. The study also explores the unique role of commitment in fostering member retention in a cooperative context driven by social empowerment and collective welfare. Findings from previous literature underscore the positive and significant effects of service quality and trust on loyalty, while commitment shows varied influence. The paper emphasizes the necessity for cooperatives to maintain high service standards and build strong emotional ties with members. This approach is essential for sustaining member engagement and positioning women’s cooperatives as agents of local economic development and female empowerment.

This study aims to describe and analyze the representation of Indonesian culture in Fiersa Besari's novel Arah Langkah using Roland Barthes' semiotic approach. This novel presents the narrative of the journey of the novel's characters who discover the diversity of Indonesian culture through geographical descriptions, customs, and social interactions that occur. Using descriptive qualitative methods and literature studies, the study examines the cultural signs that appear in the text in depth at the level of denotative, connotative, and cultural myth meanings. Barthes' approach allows the disclosure of layers of symbolic and ideological meanings hidden in the novel's cultural representation. The results of the analysis are expected to enrich literary and cultural studies, increase readers' appreciation of Indonesian cultural values, and contribute to the preservation of the nation's cultural identity amidst the flow of globalization. This study also emphasizes the role of the novel as a medium for reflecting socio-cultural life and a means of learning life values through the experiences of characters in the story.

Program Wirausaha Merdeka merupakan bagian dari kebijakan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) yang bertujuan untuk mendorong kemandirian ekonomi mahasiswa melalui pengembangan jiwa kewirausahaan. Program ini berlangsung selama hampir 5 bulan dan melibatkan sejumlah kegiatan, mulai dari workshop materi dengan wirausahawan yang telah berpengalaman, kegiatan magang, kegiatan pitching proposal bisnis, pembuatan prototype atau produk inovatif oleh mahasiswa, serta kegiatan pemasaran produk mahasiswa kepada masyarakat. Hasil dari program ini memberikan dampak positif dalam membentuk mindset kewirausahaan, meningkatkan keterampilan praktis, serta memperkuat keberanian mahasiswa untuk memulai dan mengelola usaha secara mandiri  sehingga menunjukkan bahwa Program Wirausaha Merdeka berperan signifikan dalam menumbuhkan kemandirian ekonomi mahasiswa, sekaligus mendukung pengembangan ekosistem kewirausahaan di lingkungan perguruan tinggi.

This study aims to analyze the positive fictitious licensing policy under the Job Creation Law and assess its legal certainty using Gustav Radbruch’s philosophical framework. The background of this research arises from Indonesia’s legal reform agenda to streamline licensing through the OSS-RBA system. However, this reform raises concerns regarding legal certainty and institutional accountability. The urgency of this study lies in the regulatory ambiguity, lack of procedural safeguards, and removal of judicial oversight. Using a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the study finds that the current policy does not fully meet Radbruch’s four standards of legal certainty. Specifically, it suffers from unclear legal norms, insufficient factual grounding, unstable legal framework, and weak institutional implementation—such as the absence of a Presidential Regulation, undefined verifier responsibilities, and lack of integration between central and local systems. The study concludes that the positive fictitious mechanism needs substantial normative refinement to ensure fairness, transparency, and predictability. The novelty of this research lies in its philosophical approach to evaluating administrative legal reform, offering a deeper lens beyond procedural analysis. As a policy implication, the government should urgently issue implementing regulations, reestablish judicial review, and develop integrated technical guidelines to strengthen OSS-RBA's legal reliability and effectiveness.

Psychological tests are widely used to reveal various aspects of the individual as needed, one type of psychological test that exists is a personality test. Personality tests can be divided into objective tests and projective tests. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of objective and projective personality tests to reveal aspects of individual personality by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each test. This research was conducted using a qualitative method in the form of a literature study by reading articles and journals that are linear with the research topic. The results of this research are: 1) Advantages and Disadvantages Between Objective and Projective Tests, 2) Ideal Time to Use One of the Two Types of Personality Tests, 3) Case Studies Regarding the Use of Objective and Projective Personality Tests.

This research aims to describe and analyze the implementation of the strategy for developing students' interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence through learning moral beliefs in class XI MA Ma'arif NU Pituruh Purworejo, the main objective is to focus on 3 topics, including: 1. the concept of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence development strategies in learning moral beliefs, 2. strategies for the application of students' interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence development through learning moral beliefs in class XI, 3. supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the strategy. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence development strategies were applied through participatory learning and reflection such as group discussions, role-play, reflection journal writing, and case studies. Supporting factors for the implementation of the strategy include teacher commitment, madrasah policy support, and a positive learning environment. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include limited learning time, infrastructure, and emotional readiness of students. Overall, these strategies contribute to the formation of students' character and the improvement of social skills and self-reflection.