In recent years, there has been a growing interest in innovative teaching methodologies to improve student engagement and learning outcomes. The integration of the flipped classroom model with the STEM approach has shown promising potential in fostering critical and creative thinking skills among students. This study aims to find out whether the flipped classroom learning model through the STEM approach can be used to enhance students' creative thinking skills in the subject matter of a three-variable linear equation system for Grade X at MA Mathalibul Huda Mlonggo in the 2022/2023 academic year. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest experimental design. The research results found that the flipped classroom learning model through the STEM approach was able to improve students' mathematical creative thinking abilities in the material of a system of three-variable linear equations. This can be seen from the T-test result, which obtained the results so that sig.(2-tailed) <?=0,05. Therefore, it can be concluded that the flipped classroom learning model with the STEM approach is able to improve students' mathematical creative thinking skills in the subject matter of a three variables linear equation system for Grade X at MA Mathalibul Huda Mlonggo for the 2022/2023 academic year. This is also reinforced by the results of the normalized gain test which has a value of 0,39, indicating a moderate category of improvement. Hence, it can be concluded that the flipped classroom learning model through the STEM approach is able to improve students' mathematical creative thinking skills in the subject matter of the three-variable linear equation system Grade X at MA Mathalibul Huda Mlonggo in the 2022/2023 academic year.

Trigonometry material is considered difficult by students because there are many formulas and concepts that must be memorized, so students have difficulty in analyzing and describing the problems given. One way for students to understand the formula is by learning proof. In proof learning related to APOS theory to construct students' ability to understand the formula. In this study, a learning media will be made in the form of Worksheet based on APOS theory. The subjects in this study were 11th grade students at SMA Negeri 2 South Kikim. The purpose of this research is to produce a valid, practical, and impactful worksheet theory-based proof worksheet for learning. This study is research and development of a product development type. The development process will be carried out using the ADDIE method (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The data collection techniques used by researchers are interviews, questionnaires, and test questions. The development starts from the initial design of the APOS-based proof worksheet, then validated by three validators. The results of the validation carried out to three experts received a score of 91.85%, so that the worksheet was categorized as very valid and feasible to use. Furthermore, small group trials were carried out, the results obtained a practicality score of 80%, thus the worksheet was categorized as practical. Furthermore, a field test was conducted, to determine the impact of worksheet in learning. The results show that the worksheet has an impact with an effective category with a score of 76.19%.
Materi Trigonometri dianggap sulit oleh siswa karena banyak rumus dan konsep yang harus dihafalkan, sehingga siswa kesulitan dalam menganalisi dan menguraikan permasalahan yang diberikan. Salah satu cara agar siswa dapat memahami rumus yaitu dengan pembelajaran pembuktian. Dalam pembelajaran pembuktian berkaiatan dengan teori APOS untuk mengkonstruk kemampuan siswa dalam memahami rumus tersebut. Pada penelitian ini, akan dibuat suatu media pembelajaran berbentuk LKPD pembuktian berbasis teori APOS. Adapun subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI di SMA Negeri 2 Kikim Selatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan LKPD pembuktian berbasis teori APOS yang valid, praktis, serta memiliki dampak terhadap pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan tipe pengembangan produk (development study). Proses pengembangan akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti yaitu wawancara, angket, dan soal tes. Pengembangan dimulai dari mendesain awal LKPD pembuktian berbasis APOS, kemudian divalidasi oleh tiga orang validator. Hasil dari validasi yang dilakukan kepada tiga orang ahli mendapatkan skor sebesar 91,85%, sehingga LKPD dikategorikan sangat valid dan layak digunakan. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji coba kelompok kecil hasilnya mendapatkan skor kepraktisan sebesar 80% Dengan demikian LKPD dikategorikan praktis. Selanjutnya dilakukan field tes, untuk mengetahui dampak LKPD dalam pembelajaran.  Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa LKPD memiliki dampak dengan kategori efektif dengan skor 76,19%. 

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of self-confidence on student learning motivation at Junior High School 1 Suwawa Tengah. This study uses a quantitative approach, with a Survey research method. The data used are primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to students at Junior High School 1 Suwawa Tengah. The number of samples drawn in this study was 51 respondents. The data analysis technique used simple linear regression with the help of the SPSS program. The results of the analysis, the study showed that there was a positive and significant influence between self-confidence and student learning motivation at Junior High School 1 Suwawa Tengah. The comparison of the t-count values obtained is still greater than the t-table value so that Ho is rejected. Thus, at a confidence level of 95%, it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant influence of self-confidence on learning motivation. The coefficient of determination value of the previously obtained regression model is 0.170, this value means that 17% of the variation in learning motivation is explained by the self-confidence of a student.

A witness is a person who can provide information for the purposes of investigation, prosecution and justice regarding a criminal case that he himself heard, saw for himself and experienced for himself. The rules regarding the procedures for how a person can be presented as a defendant and then whether he will then be sentenced or not are regulated in a series of writings called the Criminal Procedure Law. In handing down a criminal decision, according to article 183 of the Criminal Procedure Code, a judge may not impose a crime on someone unless there are at least two pieces of evidence. One of the pieces of evidence that can be used by a judge is witness testimony. Children can be witnesses in a criminal trial. However, the validity of children's testimony is often still in doubt and further investigation is needed regarding the validity of children as witnesses in court. In Indonesia itself, the definition of child is regulated in various statutory regulations, including Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. A child is defined as someone who is not yet 18 (eighteen) years old, including children who are still in the womb. This article will explain more specifically the involvement of children as children in conflict with the law in the case of children who are witnesses to criminal acts, the position of children as witnesses in criminal trials, and the strength of the evidence of child witnesses' statements in criminal trials.

This research examines education dynamics in the border region between Indonesia and Malaysia, specifically in Bengkyang Regency. The study focuses on the challenges of maintaining cultural identity and nationalism amidst the strong influence of foreign cultures. The educational units comprise one kindergarten, 18 elementary schools, six junior high schools, one senior high school, and three vocational schools. In Jagoi Babang, there is one private kindergarten, two private elementary schools, one private junior high school, and two private vocational schools. Only a few schools include vision and mission statements aimed at building and maintaining nationalism. This study explores educational practices and the role of Ethno pedagogy in strengthening nationalism among students. Using a qualitative research method with an ethnopedagogical approach, the research team analyzed education dynamics at the border through ethnopedagogical studies. The results indicate that special attention is still needed for local genius and local wisdom through the articulation of cultural values, as educational practices in various domains emphasize local wisdom as a source of innovation and skills that can be empowered for community welfare. The local wisdom relates to how knowledge is generated, stored, applied, and managed. In supporting the success of core learning in schools, information obtained from students reveals that obstacles such as facilities and infrastructure and gaps in learning during class hours are still frequently experienced by students. The research findings show that schools in Jagoi Babang suffer from a lack of facilities and infrastructure, hindering access to education. Additionally, the integration of local values into the curriculum needs to be higher, contributing to the degradation of local culture. The study finds that despite efforts to build nationalism, the lack of innovation in teaching methods remains a barrier. There is a need for government attention to improve the quality of education and infrastructure. The novelty of this research lies in its emphasis on the role of Ethno pedagogy in education in border areas, providing valuable insights for policymakers and educators in designing more effective programs to support education and strengthen national identity.

Muhammadiyah is an Islamic movement with the preaching of Amar Makruf Nahi Munkar which is based on Islamic faith and is based on the Qur'an and As-Sunnah. Many things drive the progress of this Muhammadiyah organization, such as the vision-mission, educational concept, goals, and curriculum that are mutually continuous so that Muhammadiyah can process well in the life of society. In Islamic education there are challenges that must be faced by Muhammadiyah because considering the development of Islam is very fast and also flexible and always relevant from time to time. One of the challenges to the development of Islamic education is the advancement of technology. The advancement of science and technology (iptek) requires all parties to be competent so as not to be eroded and crushed by the times. The negative and positive impacts of technological progress must be addressed with the right innovation. Innovation that can be applied by the Muhammadiyah organization is through the field of education. Education is a process that can shape human beings such as potential, personality, intelligence, noble morals, self-control, religion and skills needed in oneself and society.

Melihat perkembangan komunikasi dan teknologi yang semakin maju menjadi tantangan yang berat bagi dakwah, umumnya para da’i ini perlu memahami Hakikat dan filosofi inovasi dalam melakukan langkah-langkah dakwah. Secara kondisi ini di sisi lain menjadi suatu peluang juga bagi para da’i berdakwah dengan pendekatan kewirausahaan melalui lembaga dakwah atau semacamnya. Secara masa era Dirupsi ini lah pantasnya kita mengembangkan diri, secara Indonesia merupakan nega yang amat padat penduduk dan memilki keanekaragaan suku, ras, budaya dan bahasa. Kebutuhan kohesi sosial ini menjadi tanggung jawab untuk kita merefleksikan diri sebagai seorang da’i untuk menerapkan nilai-nilai yang rahmataan lil alamien. Penelitian ini menitik beratkan pada bagaimana Hakikat dan inovasi dalam kewirausahaan Lembaga atau individu dakwah di era Dirupsi. Terkait era dirupsi, pendekatan dakwah akan memerlukan perubahan dan penyusuaian, baik dari segi bentuk, media, isi (peran) maupun paradigma yang mendasarinya. Penulis menawarkan beberapa strategi yang menyimpulkan penguatan kekuluargaan, menumbuhkan kesamaan presepsi antar kelompok masyarakat dengan memperkuat nilai-nilai universal dan mengembangkan sistem informasi yang mampu menjangkau secara luas dan menumbuhkan komunikasi yang efektif dan humoris.

Periode Tabi’ut Tabi’in, sebagai generasi ketiga dalam sejarah Islam, memainkan peran krusial dalam pengembangan pemikiran dan dakwah Islam. Meskipun tidak bertemu langsung dengan Sahabat Nabi Muhammad SAW, mereka berhasil meneruskan dan memperkaya ajaran Islam melalui kontribusi signifikan dalam bidang fiqh, teologi, dan filsafat. Dalam konteks sosial-politik yang kompleks, terutama di bawah Dinasti Umayyah dan Abbasiyah, dakwah tidak hanya bersifat spiritual, tetapi juga mencakup pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dinamika komunikasi dakwah selama periode ini dan relevansinya dalam konteks kontemporer, serta menegaskan fondasi pemikiran Islam yang dibangun oleh generasi Tabi’ut Tabi’in. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini mengungkapkan pentingnya memahami warisan intelektual mereka sebagai pedoman bagi umat Islam di era modern.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the financial performance of the Kediri City government in 2018-2023. This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive analysis methods. The data comes from Kediri City regional expenditure data for the 2018-2023 period, which was obtained through the Kediri City Central Statistics Agency and the Kediri City Regional Revenue, Financial and Asset Management Agency. The data is processed using regional financial ratio analysis. This research shows that the average expenditure growth ratio of the Regional Government of Kediri City is not good because expenditure growth exceeds income, the average capital expenditure is 10.91% indicating good performance in regional development, the average percentage of operating expenditure is 85, This 45% shows that the operational expenditure performance of the City of Kediri during the 2018-2023 period showed good performance.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of circular economy in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Food & Beverage (F&B) sector. The focus of the research is on the implementation of circular economy practices that include waste management, use of sustainable raw materials, environmentally friendly packaging, energy and water efficiency, and food waste reduction strategies. The research method used a descriptive quantitative approach with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire distributed through Google Form.