Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a disease that attacks the body's immune system so that it is unable to fight various diseases. Communities with low levels of health literacy will face more problems. According to the Central Java Provincial Health Service, the number of HIV sufferers has also increased rapidly to Central Java, Semarang City with 331 cases, and the majority of those infected are men. The general aim of this research is to determine the relationship between health literacy and adherence to taking antiretroviral drugs (ARV) in people living with HIV (PLHIV). This research is a type of non-experimental descriptive analytical research with a cross-sectional approach. The samples taken were all patients with HIV (PLHIV) who took ARV drugs in the work area of ??the Poncol Health Center, Semarang City. The technique used was consecutive sampling of 83 people. The correlation test used in this research is the chi-square test. From the results of the analysis, it was found that of the 83 research respondents, there was a relationship between the health literacy of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the use of antiretroviral drugs (p value 0.003). The research results showed that the majority of respondents had high health literacy and were compliant with medication consumption with a total of 55 respondents (96.5%).

Preterm infants have suction and swallowing reflexes that are not well coordinated so that they are prone to aspiration which is characterized by a decrease in oxygen saturation during breastfeeding. Breastfeeding can be given using OGT until the baby has the full ability to switch to Direct Breastfeeding and Cup Feeding. This study used quantitative approach method with quasi experimental research design with two-group pre-test post-test control group design. Data collection was done by direct observation. The research sample amounted to 22 respondents with 11 babies in each group using consecutive sampling. Data were tested using Paired t-test and the test of differences between groups using Unpaired t-test. The results showed a significant effect between direct breastfeeding and cup feeding in premature infants (p value = 0.018; p value = 0.034). And there is no significant difference between breastfeeding through the two methods on oxygen saturation in premature babies (p value = 0.590). In conclusion, this study found that direct breastfeeding is more recommended because it has a higher impact on the oxygen saturation value of preterm infants than cup feeding. Although both have a positive effect on infant oral motor skills in preterm infants

In this modern era, advances in technology and social media play a big role in shaping children's character. Easy access to information and social interaction through social media can have a positive or negative impact on student character development. As an effort to overcome these negative impacts, Islamic religious education in schools plays an important role in forming characters with noble character. This research aims to analyze the role of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in shaping student character through religious values ??at the MTS 1 Pandeglang school. Islamic Religious Education Teachers are not only tasked with delivering religious material, but also function as role models, mentors and directors in students' daily lives. This research also explores how religious values, such as honesty, discipline and empathy, are integrated into school activities and implemented in students' lives. This character building involves all school components, including collaboration between teachers and active participation of students in various activities that prioritize moral and spiritual values. Apart from that, in the context of character formation, the influence of social media is also a concern, where students are given the understanding to filter and select information that is in accordance with religious teachings and noble values. Thus, character formation based on religious values ??at the MTS 1 Pandeglang school is expected to produce individuals who are not only academically intelligent, but also have good morals in social life.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the improvement of students' Arabic language skills through an internship program. The methodology used in this study is a quantitative approach to investigate the various teaching methods used during the internship program and their impact on students' Arabic language skills. We collected numerical data to assess the improvement of Arabic language skills. Pre and post-tests are used to measure progress before and after the internship program. The instruments used include Arabic language tests, questionnaires, and language skills assessment scales. The study used the Likert scale to assess participants' perceptions of the internship program In addition, the mastery of vocabulary and the teaching methods used also play an important role in improving students' Arabic language skills. This research is expected to contribute to the development of more effective Arabic teaching methods.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara fanatisme dengan perilaku agresif verbal penggemar sepak bola. Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan positif antara fanatisme dengan perilaku agresif verbal suporter sepak bola. Semakin tinggi fanatisme maka semakin tinggi perilaku agresif verbal, begitu sebaliknya. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 103 responden yang merupakan suporter sepak bola PSIS yang tergabung dalam komunitas Panser Biru Semarang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling dalam bentuk insidental sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan dua skala yaitu Skala Agresif Verbal dan Skala Fanatisme. Hasil perhitungan uji hipotesis menunjukkan dengan nilai rxy = 0,441 dan p < 0,01. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara fanatisme dengan agresif verbal pada responden suporter sepak bola di Semarang, sehingga hipotesis pada penelitian ini diterima
Kata kunci: perilaku agresif verbal, fanatisme, panser biru

Based on initial observations in November 2022-January 2023, 375 damaged medical records were found at RSI. Ibn Sina Simpang Empat. The impact of tampering with medical records on the incidence of patient safety in target I was 124, target II was 36, and target III was 56. Impact on service response time that was not appropriate was 235 patients. The impact on  submitting BPJS claims was delayed by 157 patients. The research objective was to determine the impact of damage to outpatient medical records at RSI Ibnu Sina Simpang Empat.The research method is descriptive qualitative analysis. Respondents who were interviewed were 8 respondents with a supporting sample of 826 damaged outpatient medical records. Data collection techniques used are interviews and observation. The results showed that damaged medical records had an impact on the incidence of patient safety, target I resulted in an error in identifying the patient, target II broke the communication between the service provider and the patient and target III resulted in an error in administering medication to the patient. Impact on inappropriate service response time (> 10 minutes). The impact on the delayed submission of BPJS claims is that the workload increases. The impact of damage to medical records on patient safety, service response time, and submission of BPJS claims. have patient data backups, provide standard time for providing medical records, and provide roll o pack cabinets.

Red Ginger is a type of rhizome that is widely used as an ingredient in traditional medicine in Indonesia. The efficacy of red ginger has been widely studied as an effective anti-inflammatory. One of the main components of red ginger is the gingerol class of compounds. This study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory effect that is applied to the red ginger extract gel (Zingiber officinale var. Ruburum) gel preparation with the HPMC gel-forming ingredient. The gel preparation was then tested for stability up to day 7 and evaluated for its anti-inflammatory power against white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The method used was the artificial inflammation ordering method, where the test was carried out by injection of carrageenan as a mediator for inflammation of the thighs of white rats, then topically giving Red Ginger extract gel with a concentration of 1%, 3% and 5%, HPMC as a negative control and diclofenac sodium as a Positive control. Measurements were carried out every 8 hours every day after being induced by carrageenan to use a caliper. The results showed that the reduction in inflammation to reduce the diameter of 1% after induction was 1.76 cm and decreased to 1.22 cm, the concentration of 3% after induction was 1.68 cm and decreased to 1.33 cm, the concentration of 5% after induction was 1 , 79 cm and decreased to 1.35 cm. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA showing that the negative HPMC controls did not show any anti-inflammatory effects. It can show that 1%, 3% and 5% Red Ginger ethanol extract gel has anti-inflammatory effects and the greatest effect is that the 5% concentration has an anti-inflammatory effect.

The development of information and communication technology (ICT) has brought major changes to the world of education, especially in terms of the media used to support the teaching and learning process. The use of ICT-based media offers various advantages, such as fast access to information, more interesting learning materials, and a more flexible and personalized approach. This article aims to analyze the role of ICT-based media in improving student learning outcomes. In this discussion, it is explained how the use of ICT can enrich learning experiences, increase student motivation, and support more collaborative and independent learning. Even though there are various benefits, this article also identifies several challenges faced in implementing ICT-based media, such as gaps in technology access, limited infrastructure, and a lack of digital skills among teachers and students. Based on this analysis, this article concludes that although ICT-based media has great potential to improve learning outcomes, the success of its implementation is very dependent on infrastructure readiness, training for teachers, and awareness of the importance of technology integration in the education curriculum. For this reason, there needs to be a more planned strategy and support from all parties to maximize the use of ICT in education

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are increasingly deployed in critical infrastructure yet remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks that manipulate sensor data to mislead AI-based decision-making. These threats demand not only high-accuracy detection but also transparency in model reasoning. This study proposes a Hybrid Explainable AI (XAI) Framework that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), SHAP-based feature interpretation, and rule-based reasoning to detect adversarial inputs in CPS environments. The framework is tested on two simulation scenarios: industrial sensor networks and autonomous traffic sign recognition. Using datasets of 10,000 samples (50% adversarial via FGSM and PGD), the model achieved an accuracy of 97.25%, precision of 96.80%, recall of 95.90%, and F1-score of 96.35%. SHAP visualizations effectively distinguished between normal and adversarial inputs, and the added explainability module increased inference time by only 8.5% over the baseline CNN (from 18.5 ms to 20.1 ms), making it suitable for real-time CPS deployment. Compared to prior methods (e.g., CNN + Grad-CAM, Random Forest + LIME), the proposed hybrid framework demonstrates superior performance and interpretability. The novelty of this work lies in its tri-level integration of predictive accuracy, explainability, and rule-based logic within a single real-time detection system—an approach not previously applied in CPS adversarial defense. This research contributes toward trustworthy AI systems that are robust, explainable, and secure by design.

The purpose of this study was to find out local wisdom related to the preservation of batik in Karangmalang Village. The importance of this research is to provide an understanding to the public that batik wisdom in Karangmalang Village is not only implemented in the clothes that are used daily by the people but in the preservation of batik. This is also carried out on small and medium enterprises in several hamlets scattered in Karangmalang Village. With this in mind, these small businesses have an important role for the preservation of local wisdom so that this culture does not become extinct, especially since batik is one of the valuable local wisdoms for the Indonesian state. This has been designated by UNESCO as a cultural heritage of Indonesia. Besides that, batik has very diverse motifs, this makes a lot of devotees and these motifs are interesting and will not be inferior to the progress of the times.