Lip balm is a cosmetic product designed to protect and maintain the moisture of the lips, especially from environmental factors that can cause dry, cracked, or irritated lips, such as low temperatures and wind. Dry lips can interfere with comfort and appearance, making protection with lip balm essential. This study aims to formulate and evaluate a lip balm preparation made from a combination of natural and chemical ingredients, such as cera flava, oleum cacao, nipagin, glycerin, lanolin, and the addition of powder dye. These ingredients were chosen because of their ability to maintain lip moisture, provide protection against external factors, and ensure long-term safety for use. The lip balm manufacturing process begins with heating the primary ingredients, cera flava and oleum cacao, which are melted first. After the primary ingredients have melted, additional ingredients such as nipagin, glycerin, lanolin, and powder dye are added gradually. The mixture is stirred carefully to ensure that all ingredients are evenly blended. Once all the ingredients are well-mixed, the liquid mixture is poured into molds and allowed to cool and harden. This process is crucial for achieving the desired lip balm texture, which should not be too hard or too soft and should facilitate easy application to the lips. Based on the analysis results, the formulated lip balm demonstrates good physical stability, without significant changes in color, odor, or texture during testing. The lip balm also provides ease of use, with a smooth texture that is easy to apply to the lips. The results of this study show that the combination of ingredients used can produce an effective lip balm product that maintains lip moisture and provides optimal protection against harsh environmental conditions, such as low temperatures.

This study aims to analyze the influence of financial literacy, financial technology, and financial management on the financial performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Gresik Regency. The background of this study is based on the importance of strengthening the financial aspects of MSMEs as a foundation in facing the challenges of competition and economic uncertainty. The method used is a quantitative approach by distributing structured questionnaires to 96 MSMEs selected through a purposive sampling technique. The collected data were then analyzed using SPSS version 26 software to examine the relationships and influences between variables. The results show that financial literacy has a positive and significant influence on the financial performance of MSMEs. This means that the higher the level of understanding of MSMEs regarding financial management, the better the financial performance achieved. Similarly, the use of financial technology has also been shown to have a significant positive effect. The use of digital financial services such as mobile banking, e-wallets, and digital bookkeeping applications can help MSMEs simplify transactions, financial recording, and access to financing, which ultimately improves efficiency and business results. Meanwhile, the financial management variable shows a moderate influence on financial performance. This indicates that financial planning, recording, and control practices in some MSMEs are still suboptimal and need to be improved to contribute more significantly to business performance. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of improving financial literacy and adopting financial technology as key strategies for strengthening MSME performance. This research provides practical recommendations for MSMEs and stakeholders to enhance their financial management capacity to encourage sustainable business growth in the digital era.

This study aims to design and evaluate lipstick preparations by utilizing solid paraffin as the base ingredient and lanolin as an emollient and stabilizer. Solid paraffin was chosen because of its dense properties at room temperature and having the ability to form a stable lipstick structure. In addition, paraffin can provide a smooth, durable surface, and provide good smearing power. On the other hand, lanolin is known as a natural emollient ingredient that functions to moisturize and protect the lips from dryness. Lanolin also has water-retaining properties (occlusive) so that lip moisture is maintained even if the lipstick is used for a long time. The process of making lipstick is carried out by the melting method using indirect heating to maintain the stability of the material and prevent color and aroma degradation. All materials are accurately weighed, then put into beaker glass and heated over three legs using a Bunsen lamp. During heating, the ingredients are gently stirred so that all the components, including solid paraffin and lanolin, melt and mix homogeneously. Once the mixture reaches the desired consistency, the formula is poured into the lipstick mold and allowed to set at room temperature until ready for use. The results of the evaluation test showed that the combination of solid paraffin and lanolin was able to create lipstick with an optimal solid texture, even color, not easy to crack, and had a smooth application power on the surface of the lips. Lanolin plays a big role in providing a soft, moisturizing effect and adding a natural shine to the lips. Meanwhile, solid paraffin helps maintain the shape of the lipstick so that it doesn't break easily when applied. This study also highlights the importance of comparing the composition of ingredients to produce lipsticks that have a stable melting point, good application power, and appropriate adhesion.
 

 
Vocational High School (SMK) is one of the vocational education that receives attention from the government. This seminar aims to assess students' skills in using Microsoft Office programs, namely Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Power Point. For graduates who want to develop a career in the office sector, they should master the applications used in offices. SMK functions as a vocational school that organizes skills programs such as engineering, office, fine arts, restaurants, administration, and others, which can provide education, including hard skills that support professional skills. Currently, students must have the ability to run programs on Windows and the most commonly used programs such as Microsoft Office. SMK Ibrahimy is an Educational Institution under the auspices of the Salafiyah Syafiiyah Sukorejo Islamic Boarding School. This seminar can be used as evaluation material for vocational schools such as SMK Ibrahimy to improve the skills of their students.

This study aims to systematically review the literature related to teamwork in the context of formal organizations, with a focus on concept mapping, identification of key factors, and remaining research gaps. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by analyzing 797 articles published in 2021-2025. The selection process was rigorous using inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by thematic coding to identify key patterns. The analysis showed that effective communication, participative leadership, and psychological safety are the main factors that shape solid teamwork and positively impact employee performance and job satisfaction. However, there were a number of organizational contexts where teamwork did not contribute significantly, indicating the need for attention to contextual factors, organizational culture and psychosocial dynamics. This study makes theoretical and practical contributions to designing evidence-based organizational interventions to sustainably improve teamwork effectiveness.

The rapid advancement of information technology has encouraged companies to transition to digital systems in managing their finances, one of which is through the implementation of accounting information systems. This study aims to examine the implementation of an Oracle-based accounting information system in managing cash disbursements at PT PELNI (Persero) Surabaya Branch, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the internal controls in place. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method based on direct field observations conducted during an internship program. The findings reveal that the use of the Oracle system significantly accelerates the recording of cash transactions and provides accurate and real-time financial data. Internal control practices such as segregation of duties, document verification, and periodic audits play a vital role in ensuring the security and accountability of transactions. However, challenges still exist, including incomplete supporting documents and limited network infrastructure. Therefore, improving human resource competencies and upgrading technological systems are essential strategies to enhance efficiency and transparency in the company’s financial operations

This research examines the relationship between zuhud and psychological well-being can provide broader insights. The phenomenon of zuhud is not only of theoretical value in the study of Sufism, but also has practical significance in shaping human morals. On the other hand, psychological well-being is a condition where individuals feel happy, peaceful, have a purpose in life, and are able to live life positively. So it is important to examine the relationship between zuhud and psychological well-being so that we can understand how spiritual teachings can support mental health amid the challenges of modern life. This study used a qualitative research method with a literature review for the research process. The results of this study concluded that Zuhud is an attitude that releases dependence from the worldly and prioritizes spirituality in the hereafter, by applying zuhud plays a very positive role in shaping inner calm, self-control, and can be grateful at all times.
 
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Education is important for humans to gain prosperity and happiness in life, so it can be said that education is a person's basic need in order to become a real human being as a whole. In this day and age, students are not only required to be able to master technology and information to compete, students are required to think critically which is more developed in order to solve problems that will occur. This study aims to determine the extent to which students are able to think critically through social studies subjects. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods or non-experimental methods. The results showed that grade 5 students at SD Negeri Pucung Kidul 03 had a critical thinking attitude in the very good category.

Although many studies have examined school leadership, few have specifically explored the implementation of leadership in private vocational high schools, particularly regarding performance improvement strategies and their relation to teacher development and educational quality. This study analyzes the principal's leadership in improving school quality through performance enhancement. A qualitative case study method was employed, using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, and validated through source triangulation. The results show that the principal of PAB 8 Sampali Private Vocational High School plays a strategic role as a leader, manager, and motivator in enhancing educational quality. He effectively manages resources, implements innovations such as the “Work, Study, Entrepreneurship” program, motivates teachers, and fosters collaboration to create a conducive learning environment. Despite challenges such as policy changes and diverse student characteristics, these were addressed through teacher training and strategic adjustments. His leadership has had a significant positive impact, as evidenced by the school’s accreditation improvement from grade C to A, increased student enrollment, and enhanced achievements. Implementing the Eight National Education Standards has strengthened school quality and fulfilled stakeholder expectations. Conclusion: The principal’s leadership effectively improves educational quality through innovation, sound management, and the ability to adapt to various challenges.

This study aims to examine the legal challenges in consumer protection concerning Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based products in the digital era. Using a literature review method, the research analyzes relevant legal sources such as scholarly journals, legal textbooks, and applicable legislation in Indonesia. The findings reveal that the rapid development of AI technology has not been matched by adequate regulatory frameworks, resulting in several legal issues. These include the absence of specific provisions governing AI service providers' liability, weak personal data protection, and the lack of corrective mechanisms for automated decisions made by AI systems. In this context, consumers are in a vulnerable position due to limited access to algorithmic transparency and data processing procedures. The study emphasizes the need for progressive and responsive legal reform, including the legal recognition of AI as electronic agents, enhanced transparency, and the establishment of robust oversight and accountability systems. Consumer protection in the digital age requires collaborative efforts between regulators, business actors, and civil society to build a fair, secure, and legally just digital ecosystem.