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Clinical evaluation and supervision are two crucial elements in improving the quality of learning and professional practice, especially in the fields of education and health services. Evaluation serves as a tool to assess performance, effectiveness, and achievement of learning or service objectives, while clinical supervision emphasizes the process of mentoring, coaching, and competency development through a reflective and collaborative approach between supervisors and supervised individuals. In practice, the implementation of clinical evaluation and supervision faces various challenges, ranging from limited competent human resources, lack of understanding of the concept and purpose of correct supervision, to resistance from the supervised. However, with the right approach and ongoing training, clinical evaluation and supervision can be an effective means of building a professional work culture, improving service quality, and creating a supportive learning environment. This study aims to comprehensively describe the basic concepts, implementation strategies, and main obstacles in clinical evaluation and supervision, in order to provide policy recommendations and best practices in the field.

Clinical approach or clinical supervision assumes that the teacher's learning process to develop is always related to the teacher's own individual learning process. The clinical approach is a face-to-face process between the supervisor and the teacher. This meeting discusses teaching problems and those related to it. Therefore, in clinical supervision, the supervisor and teacher act as colleagues in solving learning problems. For different types of teachers, the supervisor must also distinguish the types of clinical supervision strategies that will be used. The type of professional teacher is suitable for using non-directive strategies, the type of critical teacher and busy teacher can use collaborative strategies. Meanwhile, for teachers who are not qualified, supervisors are expected to be more active in guiding and teaching these teachers, so that the right strategy is direct clinical supervision.  

Clinical supervision is a strategic approach in improving the quality of learning through mentoring and teacher training in a planned, focused and sustainable manner. This approach communicates collaboration between supervisors and teachers in analyzing and improving learning practices in the classroom. This article discusses the role of clinical supervision in identifying teachers' professional needs, providing constructive feedback, and supporting the development of relevant pedagogical skills. The research results show that the implementation of effective clinical supervision can increase teacher competence, improve teaching methods, and create a more optimal learning environment for students. Additionally, clinical supervision also encourages a culture of reflection and continuous learning.

This study aims to analyse the effect of clinical supervision management by the Head of Madrasah on improving teacher performance at MTsS Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with research subjects including the Head of Madrasah and teachers. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analysed systematically using triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. The results showed that: 1) Clinical supervision planning is conducted in a structured manner by involving analyses of teachers' needs and learning situations. The madrasah principal sets specific, realistic and measurable supervision objectives to support the improvement of teachers' abilities and the quality of learning. 2) Clinical supervision involves direct observation, practical guidance and evaluation of learning activities. This process not only focuses on classroom activities, but also includes planning, time management, and use of learning resources. 3) Evaluation of clinical supervision is conducted on an ongoing basis to ensure the relevance of the supervision programme to teachers' needs. This evaluation helps to develop corrective measures and assess the effectiveness of supervision in improving teachers' competencies. This research underlines the importance of systematic clinical supervision in creating positive changes in teaching and learning. Madrasah principals as supervisors have a central role in providing constructive guidance to support teachers' professionalism and improve the overall quality of education.

The clinical supervision process in Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia faces a number of problems that need attention. This article investigates the challenges in implementing clinical supervision at the Islamic educational level, including limited resources, understanding the concept of supervision, and the integration of Islamic values ​​in supervision practice. Through a qualitative analysis approach, this article also explores potential solutions to increase the effectiveness of clinical supervision in the context of Islamic educational institutions, with the aim of enriching student learning experiences and strengthening the integrity of Islamic values ​​in clinical education.

Clinical Supervision is needed by educators to improve professional teacher performance. Through clinical supervision, school principals can carry out coaching related to increasing the competence of teaching staff in carrying out learning in class. Clinical supervision carried out by the principal at SMP Negeri 1 Cikoneng is carried out through stages which globally consist of pre-observation meetings, classroom observations and return meetings or post-observation. As well as follow-up evaluation. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the school principal in the implementation of clinical supervision which has an impact on teacher performance in carrying out teaching and learning activities. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach by studying the facts that occurred, data collection techniques were obtained through interviews with school principals and teaching staff. direct observation and documentation study. The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Cikoneng, Ciamis Regency. Improving the performance of teachers at Cikoneng 1 Public Middle School is carried out with various activities, including Supervision of the school principal, Educators are motivated so that supervision activities are the desire and awareness of the teaching staff to improve what they feel still needs to be improved both from making preparations, selecting methods, techniques and learning media, so that the learning process in class is more meaningful and students get a pleasant learning experience. The results of this study include: 1) Implementation of clinical supervision is carried out gradually by the principal at Cikoneng 1 Public Middle School, as a coaching effort for teachers to improve the competence of teaching staff in learning. 2) Principals in carrying out clinical supervision are able to improve teacher performance in learning even better. 3). The principal as a clinical supervisor must understand and have strategies that are able to provide change for educators in teaching and learning activities.

Pendidikan merupakan usaha sadar yang dilakukan untuk mendapatkan berbagai macam pengetahuan, baik dari segi aspek kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengajar guru dengan penerapan model pembelajaran aktif (Active Learning) melalui supervisi klinis di SDN Kojadoi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan sekolah (PTS) yang terdiri dari beberapa tahapan seperti perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penilaian dan evaluasi.Pelaksanaan tindakan sekolah ini dilaksanakan sebanyak dua siklus dimana dalam setiap siklus dilaksanakan sebanyak dua kali pertemuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Profesionalisme guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran aktif pada guru di SDN Kojadoi setelah supervisi klinis melalui kunjungan kelas dalam kategori baik. (2) Guru di SDN Kojadoi setelah disupervisi melalui kunjungan kelas pra pembelajaran yaitu kemampuan menyusun perencanaan pembelajaran yang sekaligus dapat mengalami peningkatan kemampuan melaksanakan pembelajaran.    

Penerapan pembelajaran aktif memberikan kesempatan bagi siswa untuk ikut terlibat secara aktif sehingga pembelajaran menjadi lebih menarik. Supervisi klinis yang dilakukan oleh Kepala Sekolah terhadap para guru dapat meningkatkan keterampilan mengajar dan sikap profesional guru. Latihan mengajar dengan supervisi klinis membantu guru untuk mengembangkan dirinya agar kesenjangan antara tingkah laku mengajar yang nyata dan tingkah laku mengajar yang ideal akan semakin mengecil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan kemampuan mengajar para guru SDI Ahuwair dalam  menerapkan pembelajaran aktif (active learning) melalui supervisi klinis. Penelitian tindakan sekolah ini melibatkan para guru SDI Ahuwair sebagai objek penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1) profesionalisme guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran aktif setelah supervisi klinis melalui kunjungan kelas dalam kategori baik; 2) setelah disupervisi melalui kunjungan kelas, prapembelajaran berupa kemampuan menyusun perencanaan pembelajaran diikuti adanya  peningkatan kemampuan melaksanakan pembelajaran. Peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam pra pembelajaran/perencanaan pembelajaran tersebut sekaligus diikuti dengan peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran mencapai nilai rata-rata sebesar 71,35 pada siklus I dan 83,7 pada siklus II. Dengan demikian, terjadi peningkatan nilai rata-rata sebesar 12,35 %.