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Traditional association rule analysis is effective at uncovering co-purchase patterns but fails to provide a global structural view of the market, which often results in fragmented and isolated insights. This study proposes a hybrid framework that integrates the Apriori algorithm with a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) in order to validate and contextualize association rules within a single structural backbone. Transaction data from a retail store are transformed into a weighted, undirected product graph using an inverse-support function, and an MST is then extracted to represent the market backbone, while frequent itemsets and strong rules are obtained using Apriori. Experimental results on 236 multi-item transactions show that the MST backbone comprises 10 products and 9 fundamental links, with 66.67% of these links being confirmed by strong association rules, indicating a substantial coherence between statistical and structural evidence. The proposed model identifies 41 Apriori patterns that can be embedded in the MST and ranks them using a new metric, Structural Distance, which enables the categorization of Core Patterns, Bridge Patterns, and Complex Patterns according to their structural tightness. This hybrid perspective distinguishes dense, strategically meaningful bundles from anomalous but frequent combinations that are structurally peripheral, thereby offering a more holistic and actionable alternative to conventional Market Basket Analysis. The validated framework can support various applications, including store layout optimization, cross-selling strategies, and the design of path-based recommender systems, and it opens avenues for future extensions based on dynamic graphs and Graph Neural Networks.

This study compares the effectiveness of MAUT (Multi-Attribute Utility Theory), SMART (Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique), and WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) methods in a decision support system for determining the best employees at Sisilia Boutique. The quality of human resources is crucial in the retail business, but performance evaluation is often influenced by subjectivity. To address this, a multi-criteria-based decision support system is needed. MAUT translates preferences into a numerical scale, SMART calculates the average value of attributes based on weights, while WASPAS combines weighted summation (WSM) and weighted multiplication (WPM) for more balanced results. Employee performance data from Sisilia Boutique in June 2025, including attendance, store layout, customer service, and discipline, were used as the research object. The comparison results show consistency in the highest (K3) and lowest (K7) ratings across the three methods, with differences in the middle ratings. WASPAS offers a more balanced distribution of final scores, making it a comprehensive alternative for performance evaluation.

Laskar Buah is a modern retail chain specializing in the sale of fresh fruit. At present, the company operates one hundred branches across ten regencies. One of its outlets, Laskar Buah Ngumpakdalem, ranks among the top three branches in terms of transaction volume; however, it has received a considerable number of customer complaints regarding the quality of service provided. This situation has prompted management to conduct a thorough evaluation of the store’s service quality.This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing and evaluating service quality using the Importance–Performance Analysis (IPA) method based on the Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS). The results of the IPA analysis were subsequently used as a foundation for determining priority areas for service improvement.The findings reveal that four service attributes fall within Quadrant B, indicating that they should be prioritized for immediate improvement. These attributes include the cleanliness of the shopping area, store layout, employee product knowledge, and product quality. Additionally, twelve attributes fall under Quadrant C, where performance should be maintained due to their already strong results. On the other hand, eleven attributes fall into Quadrant A, meaning they are considered lower  priority, while one attribute is located in Quadrant D, suggesting that Laskar Buah Ngumpakdalem is providing excessive performance in that particular aspect.

The effectiveness of a retail store layout plays a crucial role in supporting operational efficiency, service flow, and customer experience. Brother Parfume, a perfume refill retail store, currently applies a bar-service layout designed based on intuition and daily operational needs rather than systematic planning. This often results in inefficient movement patterns, limited space utilization, and suboptimal coordination among functional areas. This study aims to redesign the store layout by applying the Entity Relationship Chart (ERC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) methods to identify functional relationships and determine the ideal spatial arrangement. Data were collected through direct observation and semi-structured interviews with the store owner to understand the interaction between service areas, product displays, and storage sections. The ERC analysis shows that the service area, perfume display, and bottle display have the highest functional interdependence, while the storage area has the lowest necessity for proximity. TCR results confirm these findings, with the service area and perfume display each scoring 90, bottle display 21, and storage 3. Based on these results, two alternative layouts are proposed that integrate high-priority areas into a unified service zone and position storage separately to minimize unnecessary movement. The redesigned layout is expected to enhance service speed, optimize space utilization, support operational procedures, and strengthen the store’s servicescape. This research contributes practical insights into the application of ERC and TCR methods for small-scale retail operations, particularly in the perfume refill sector, where service efficiency and spatial constraints are critical.

This study discusses the effect of store atmosphere, service quality, and layout on purchasing decisions at Sambi Swalayan. This study uses quantitative methods with the aim of knowing the extent to which these three variables influence consumer decisions in making purchases. The research sample was obtained using the Accidental Sampling technique, which is a sampling technique based on chance, where the researcher chooses respondents who are accidentally encountered at the research location and deemed suitable for sampling. The number of respondents obtained in this study was 99 people. In data processing, researchers use several statistical analysis techniques, including validity and reliability tests to test the accuracy and consistency of research instruments. In addition, a classical assumption test was carried out to ensure that the data met the requirements for regression analysis, then continued with multiple linear regression analysis to determine the relationship and influence between variables. The coefficient of determination (R²) is used to see how much the independent variable contributes to the dependent variable, while the t test and f test are used to test the effect partially and simultaneously.The results showed that the store atmosphere had a significant effect on purchasing decisions with a sig value. 0,000 < 0,05. Conversely, service quality has no significant effect because the sig value. 0,383 > 0,05. However, store layout has a significant influence on purchasing decisions with a sig value. 0,000 < 0,05. Simultaneously, the three variables have a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Sambi Swalayan with a sig value. 0,000 < 0,05.

This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality, price, and store atmosphere on consumer purchasing decisions at the Rocket Chicken branch in Ngronggo, Kediri City. These three variables were chosen because they are considered to play an important role in influencing consumer behavior, particularly in the context of the increasingly competitive fast food industry. Service quality includes aspects of friendliness, speed, and accuracy of service provided by employees to customers. Price is considered in terms of affordability, suitability with product quality, and competitiveness compared to competitors. Meanwhile, store atmosphere includes cleanliness, lighting, layout, comfort, and the overall ambiance perceived by consumers when they are in the outlet. The research method used is quantitative with a survey approach. Data was obtained through the distribution of closed questionnaires to 130 respondents who are active consumers of Rocket Chicken at the research location. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with the help of the latest version of SPSS software, in order to determine the extent of the influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable, namely purchasing decisions.The research results indicate that service quality, price, and store atmosphere significantly influence consumer purchasing decisions, both partially and simultaneously. These findings provide important implications for Rocket Chicken's management to pay more attention to these factors in formulating marketing strategies and operational management, in order to enhance customer satisfaction, loyalty, and appeal in the future.

This study aims to analyze the effect of store layout and product display on computer spare part sales at Bandung Trade Mall. The background of this study is based on the increasing competition in the computer retail business, which requires effective visual merchandising strategies to attract consumers. The research method used a quantitative approach with a survey of 20 respondents selected purposively. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and informal interviews, then analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that store layout and product display have a significant simultaneous effect on sales with an F value of 12.43; sig. < 0.05. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.62 indicates that both variables explain 62% of the variation in sales, while the rest is influenced by other factors outside the model. These findings reinforce the S-O-R theory that visual stimuli can increase consumer comfort, interest, and impulse buying. This study has practical implications for computer retailers to optimize store layout and product display as a strategy to improve sales performance.

This study aims to analyze the effect of retail layout on customer satisfaction levels at PT Trans Retail Medan Carrefour. In an increasingly competitive retail industry, store layout is one of the strategic factors that can affect comfort, shopping efficiency, and customer perceptions of service quality. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive and associative methods, involving 60 respondents who are active customers of Transmart Carrefour Medan. Data collection techniques were carried out through distributing questionnaires and direct observation. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that retail layout has a significant effect on customer satisfaction, with a contribution of 75.9% to the variation in satisfaction levels. The layout factors that contribute the most include product placement, aisle design, lighting, signage, and ease of access between areas. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing store layout as a strategy to improve the shopping experience and customer loyalty. Thus, retail management is advised to continue to evaluate and innovate in spatial planning in order to meet consumer expectations sustainably.  

Business competition in the era of globalization has led various companies to compete in acquiring and maintaining their market share. This includes sectors such as trade, education, transportation, and others. This condition forces companies to develop appropriate strategies to achieve competitive advantage, ensuring they retain their market and win the competition. This research focuses on Sogo Surabaya, a shopping center visited by numerous consumers daily due to its strategic location in the city center, integrated with Tunjungan Plaza, and situated along a main road, making it easily accessible. Sogo Surabaya functions as a store providing various fashion-related needs, including formal attire such as suits and kebayas, as well as casual clothing for young people and teenagers, like t-shirts and jeans. The store atmosphere follows a typical shopping center design. Elements of the store atmosphere include interior design, product layout, air circulation, spatial arrangement, wall colors, room fragrance, furniture materials, and the products sold. The data used in this research is primary data obtained through questionnaires distributed to customers shopping at Sogo Surabaya. 

This research aims to design a new warehouse layout at Alfamart with a dedicated storage method to increase material storage capacity. The instrument cluster assembly process at Alfamart is very dependent on the smooth supply of materials. The increase in production capacity from 2,500 units/day to 3,000 units/day in 2021 causes a larger need for storage space. The main problem identified is the limitation of the material placement area in the old warehouse. In this study, an analysis was carried out on the types of goods placement policies and optimal facility layout. The research method used is a combination of literature study and data collection from the research site. The results of the analysis show that the new layout design can increase the storage capacity up to 30%, from 240 pallets to 312 pallets. The new layout not only improves the placement of goods, but also increases operational efficiency through wider lanes, clear zoning systems, and better lighting. Thus, this research makes a significant contribution to warehouse management at Alfamart, ensuring that all materials can be stored and accessed in accordance with the established standards.

Packaged Drinking Water (PDW) has now become one of the most practical products dominating the market, offering a variety of advantages and benefits. The fierce competition among PDW producers drives consumers to be increasingly discerning and selective in making purchasing decisions. Consumer choices are often influenced by pressing needs, which have recently shifted toward a preference for more natural food and beverage products. However, amidst the fast-paced modern lifestyle, instant products remain a favored solution due to the convenience they offer. By leveraging store atmosphere strategies, this business has successfully stayed competitive and maintained its presence in the market. The relationship between store atmosphere and consumer purchase interest is significant, as first impressions often serve as a critical factor in consumer evaluations of a store. Elements such as exterior design, overall interior, store layout, and interior displays play a vital role in creating that appeal. This study aims to analyze the extent to which store atmosphere influences purchase interest in the Club brand bottled water. The research methodology involves distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents as the primary data source.

In the digital era, the advancement of information technology is crucial for enhancing operational efficiency in retail businesses. This study aims to design and develop a sales and inventory information system with a shelf mapping feature for Toserba Decky, which faces challenges in managing stock and manual transactions. The methodology employed is the Waterfall approach, encompassing requirements analysis, design, implementation, and system testing. Data was collected through direct observation, literature review, and analysis of the store's shelf layout. The findings indicate that the developed system can improve data accuracy, reduce recording errors, and expedite product searching. The implications of this research suggest that an effective information system in managing transactions and inventory can enhance operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. This study recommends regular system updates and technical support to ensure optimal system performance and security.    

Aplikasi Purwakarta adalah aplikasi yang dapat memberi kemudahan bagi wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Kabupaten Purwakarta. Berdasarkan observasi terhadap fitur yang ada pada aplikasi Wisata Purwakarta dan pada ulasan di Play Store dan wawancara terhadap 5 orang pengguna aplikasi Wisata Purwakarta, ditemukan bahwa terdapat masalah di aspek UI dan UX pada aplikasi mobile Wisata Purwakarta. UI pada aplikasi Wisata Purwakarta memiliki masalah seperti penggunaan layout, typography, dan icon yang kurang cocok dengan konten yang disuguhkan. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode user centered design ini dikenal sebagai suatu proses berpikir komprehensif yang berkonsentrasi untuk menciptakan solusi yang diawali dengan proses understand context of use terhadap suatu kebutuhan tertentu yang berpusat pada manusia (user centered) menuju suatu inovasi berkelanjutan berdasarkan kebutuhan penggunanya. Metode ini memiliki 4 tahapan yaitu Understand Context of Use, Specify User Requirements, Design Solutions dan Evaluate Against Requirements Untuk melakukan pengujian atau test peneliti melakukan pengujian system usability scale. Hasil dari penelitian itu menghasilkan prototype aplikasi Wisata Purwakarta yang sudah di redesign. Berdasarkan pengujian prototype menggunakan metode System Usability Scale (SUS), rata rata nilai sus yang didapatkan sebesar 80,1. Dapat disimpulkan redesign aplikasi Wisata Purwakarta sudah dapat diterima karena memenuhi kategori acceptable.

Market Basket Analysis (MBA) is an analytical technique used to identify relationships between items in purchasing transactions. This notebook uses retail transaction datasets and the Apriori algorithm to discover hidden associations and patterns that retailers can leverage in optimizing marketing strategies, store layouts, and product recommendations. Through initial data processing, data exploration, and application of the Apriori algorithm, this analysis succeeded in identifying various significant associations between items that are frequently purchased together. The results provide valuable insights for retailers to develop targeted promotions and improve customer shopping experiences, while emphasizing the importance of selecting the right parameters to obtain accurate and relevant results.

Today's business developments are increasingly diverse, including retail businesses. Retail in Indonesia is currently growing rapidly. In every corner of the city, it cannot be denied that many retail shops have been built, not only to make a profit but also to provide facilities to the community which is also growing and has more and more needs that must be met. Retail is one of the retail stores in Indonesia which is currently developing. To make work and activities easier, the Blue Green Line Shop needs to improve its spatial layout. The spatial layout that the shop has designed is still considered less effective and efficient. Due to the placement of the freezer which is not visible to customers and the refrigerator which blocks the cashier, it disturbs customers in the payment process. The methods used are the ARC (Activity Relationship Chart) and TCR (Total Closeness Rating) methods. The results of this research show that the cashier has the highest score from the TCR calculation results, namely 168 and has an influence on the course of shop activities using the TCR worksheet, as well as the proposed placement of the freezer right next to the entrance so it is not visible and the refrigerator blocks the cashier from being moved to another row of refrigerators, so that work and activities can run as they should.

The Ritel business in Indonesia is growing and increasing every year because it is considered a promising investment with great potential for significant profits. This study aims to understand and evaluate the layout of Retail Lestari's business. The method used in analyzing the data is the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) method. Based on the results of the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) analysis of Ritel Lestari, the facility prioritized for first construction is the cashier, as the cashier has the highest Total Closeness Rating (TCR) value of 76. Therefore, to facilitate the operational process, the placement of other facilities is prioritized based on their highest relationship values to the warehouse to be in close proximity.

 Indonesia has quite rapid development of the retail business. This requires actors who have retail businesses to be involved in consumer purchasing decisions. There are several factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions, one of which is a good and strategic layout of facilities. Cahaya Abadi is a shop that runs a retail business. Cahaya Abadi Store provides various products for daily consumer needs. This research was conducted using the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) calculations in data processing. The research uses the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) calculations. This research uses primary and secondary data and the methods used are qualitative and quantitative methods. The layout is based on providing convenience for consumers in shopping and it is hoped that consumers will have an efficient and effective time in shopping.

Retail business is a business that sells a variety of products, such as daily necessities, household needs, fashion products, beauty, and electronics. One of the important factors that retailers must pay attention to in order to attract buyers to come to the store is layout management. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the layout of space in one of the retail stores located in Bogor, namely Minimarket Malabar so that its operational activities are optimal. This research was conducted using the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) methods. ARC and TCR analysis shows that the display room becomes the highest space value of 168, meaning that the room is the most important and influential on Minimarket Malabar, so it must be in a strategic place. And the toilet becomes the lowest value of 6 which means that the toilet does not have an important influence on the layout of the Malabar Minimarket space to optimize operational activities.

Cahaya Grosir Indah is a retailer that sells various foodstuffs, clothing, electronics and other general goods. In this research, Cahaya Grosir Indah is the retail store we chose, whether there is an inappropriate layout of the store facilities. This research aims to help optimize the layout design of retail facilities using the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method which focuses on analyzing the relationship between activities in retail stores and Total Closeness (TCR) which focuses on the degree of closeness of each room facility in the Cahaya retail business. Indah Wholesale to set top priorities in retail development. Based on the results of the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) calculation at Cahaya Grosir Indah, the first facility that was prioritized because the results were the highest was the cashier with a TCR (Total Closeness Rating) score of 162, product shelves with a score of 126, warehouse with a score of 34, facility center with a value of 94, and toilets with a value of 18. Therefore, for retail it is important to place other facilities with high value results and are prioritized so that they can be close to each other and facilitate operational processes. The layout has a strategic impact in the longer term. A strategic and comfortable layout provides benefits for retailers to make it easier to organize efficient layout positions and can reduce the density of activity in retail and make it easier for customers to shop.

In the era of increasingly rapid globalization, the industrial world is faced with inevitable dynamics. One important aspect in industry is optimal layout planning. The right layout determines the effective placement of production facilities, thereby smoothing the production process and increasing productivity. The current layout of production facilities at Bebeke Om Aris Dramaga is not optimal, causing production inefficiencies and increased costs. This research aims to redesign the layout of facilities at Bebeke Om Aris Dramaga. This research examines the design of alternative layouts at Bebeke Om Aris Dramaga with the aim of increasing productivity. The methods used are Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR). Production location calculations are carried out periodically to obtain accurate information. The research results show that the proposed layout has shorter distances between facilities. Apart from that, the resulting service time is more optimal. This change in store layout shows that the new layout is more effective and efficient than the old layout. This is proven by research results which show that the new layout design can reduce the time spent by employees in the production process and service to customers and the distance between facilities and increase the efficiency of employee movement.