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This study aims to determine the effect of the Snowball Throwing learning model assisted by simple experiments on students’ achievement motivation in colloid material. The independent variable in this study is the Snowball Throwing learning model assisted by simple experiments, while the dependent variable is students’ achievement motivation. The type of research used is a quasi-experiment with a post-test only control group design. The population of the study consisted of all 38 students of class XI MIA at SMA Negeri 16 Samarinda, all of whom were taken as samples using a saturated sampling technique. The research instruments were an achievement motivation questionnaire and an observation sheet. Data were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, and t-tests at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the average score of students’ achievement motivation in the experimental class was higher, at 83.68%, compared to the control class, which was 75.53%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of the Snowball Throwing learning model assisted by simple experiments has a positive and significant effect on students’ achievement motivation in colloid material at SMA Negeri 16 Samarinda.  

The existence of problems Incompletion and weak achievement of students' learning at SMA Sint Louis Semarang is caused one only by the lack of attention of some students towards PAK learning material the research aims to: 1) To find out the use of the snowball throwing method has achieved completeness results in the Sint Lous High School students in the independent learning curriculum 2) To find out the influence of the aspect of independence on the use of the snowball throwing method on the learning achievement of the participants Sint Louis High School students in the independent learning curriculum 3) To find out the effectiveness of achievement learning using the snowball throwing method for class X Sint Louis High School Semarang in the Independent learning Curriculum. To get answers to these problems researchers used research methods quantitative experiments. By using independence instruments. The population in this research is all students in class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. With the sample used being all students of class posttest The results obtained were the difference between the average pretest score of 40 and after the posttest the average was 95. Therefore, it is concluded that PAK learning in the independent curriculum using the snowball method throwing rocky modules is effective on the learning achievement of students class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. Suggestions it is necessary to add other methods so that the learning process in class is not monotonous and is able to encourage student activity    

The existence of problems Incompletion and weak achievement of students' learning at SMA Sint Louis Semarang is caused one only by the lack of attention of some students towards PAK learning material the research aims to: 1) To find out the use of the snowball throwing method has achieved completeness results in the Sint Lous High School students in the independent learning curriculum 2) To find out the influence of the aspect of independence on the use of the snowball throwing method on the learning achievement of the participants Sint Louis High School students in the independent learning curriculum 3) To find out the effectiveness of achievement learning using the snowball throwing method for class X Sint Louis High School Semarang in the Independent learning Curriculum. To get answers to these problems researchers used research methods quantitative experiments. By using independence instruments. The population in this research is all students in class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. With the sample used being all students of class posttest The results obtained were the difference between the average pretest score of 40 and after the posttest the average was 95. Therefore, it is concluded that PAK learning in the independent curriculum using the snowball method throwing rocky modules is effective on the learning achievement of students class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. Suggestions it is necessary to add other methods so that the learning process in class is not monotonous and is able to encourage student activity    

This research was conducted at MAN 2 Karawang, focusing on the analysis of Al-Qur'an and Hadith learning, particularly regarding methods, facilities, as well as supporting and inhibiting factors. The location was chosen based on the school's commitment to developing flagship programs such as the Tahfidz Al-Qur'an (Qur'an memorization) and Rohis (Islamic Spiritual) mentoring, alongside the challenges faced in optimizing the memorization of Juz 30 and students' understanding of Arabic script. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that innovative methods such as Market Place Activity, Snowball Throwing, and Role Play proved effective in increasing student participation and comprehension. Facilities such as a large TV for Tahsin (Qur'an recitation improvement) and a Rohis room also served as key supporting factors. However, obstacles such as extreme weather and power outages occasionally disrupted the learning process. In conclusion, a combination of creative methods, adequate facilities, and teacher adaptability played a crucial role in the success of Al-Qur'an and Hadith learning at MAN 2 Karawang, although infrastructure improvements are needed to address technical challenges.

This study aims to prove the influence of the application of snowball throwing on the learning outcomes of dance-cultural arts, namely by analyzing the influence of differences in higher learning outcomes after a learning treatment using the snowball throwing method in learning cultural-dance arts in class XI, MIPA-2 SMA Negeri 1 Rabatan, Tanah Datar Regency. This research uses quantitative type with quasi-experimental method. The population is all students of class XI of SMAN 1 Rambatan totaling 183, with a study sample drawn in a simple cluster on 32 students of class XI-MIPA-2 (being an experimental class) and 32 students of class XI-MIPA-4 (being a control class). Data collection techniques with tests and observations. The data analysis technique uses the analysis of the difference in class mean in the final test-test results at the end of learning. . Hypothesis testing was performed with a T-test using the SPSS version 16 program, to test differences in the mean significance of the final test results in the experimental class and control class. The test results proved that the calculated t value at a score of 7.625 proved to be greater than the table t at a score of 1.69552. So statistically the value of t counts > t of the table. The results of this test also proved significant because t count > t this table was accepted at a critical value in the T-table at df= 31 and a confidence level of 95%, or at an alpha level of 0.05. The conclusion of the results of this study is that there is a significant difference in dance knowledge learning outcomes between the use of the snowball throwing method and conventional discussion methods in dance learning in class XI.MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Rambatan, Tanah Datar Regency.'. This means that H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected.    

Abstract The purpose of this study deals with the effect of snowball throwing model in ability to writing recount text at class X in SMA Negeri Lawe Sumur Academic Year 2021/2022. Its objective is to find out whether the use snowball throwing model has a significance effect in writing recount text. Population and samples used in this study were all students of class X total 36 students. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a one group as pretest and posttest design .This study was carried on using quantitave method. The data was analysed by using t-test. The researcher found the pretest mean = 50,97 , deviation standard = 2,87 and experienced an increase in the posttest mean = 78,47, deviation standart = 3,69. From this analysis, writer found that guided snowball throwing model has significane in teaching writing recount text. It can be proved by the result of the analysis showed that “ ” observed about 35,26 was higher than “ttable” about 2,030 with the level significance is 0,05% it implies that the teacher of English should use snowball throwing model in teaching writing recount text so that the teaching and learning process can be successful

The aim of this research is to explain the influence of the Snowball Throwing Learning Model on the Ability to Write Short Story Texts in Class IX Students of SMP Negeri 4 Medan in the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The population of this study was all students in class IX of SMP Negeri 04 Medan consisting of 11 classes with a total of 324 students. The samples taken were class IX-1 as the experimental class and class IX-2 as the control class. The method used in this research is an experimental method with a two group post-test design, with a research instrument in the form of an assignment to create a short story text. The experimental class got an average score of 78.33 while the control class got an average score of 73.50. This means that the value obtained by the experimental class is higher than the value obtained by the control class. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the data results were normally distributed. After carrying out a normality test of p > 0.05 at a significant level, the results of the normality test of the experimental posttest data were (0.059 > 0.05), and the normality test results of the control posttest data were (0.200 > 0.05). The results of the homogeneity test for the ability to write short story texts were p-value > α = 0.05 with posttest results for the experimental class and control class of 0.070 > α = 0.05 and the hypothesis test obtained a significance value of 0.045.

The aim of this research is to determine the difference in learning motivation of students who are taught using the snowball throwing learning model and those who are not taught using the Snowball Throwing learning model at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with a pre-experimental design research type in the form of a one-group-pretest-posttest design. The population was all class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon, totaling 188 people and the researchers determined a sample of 32 people using a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 27 items. Research data for the questionnaire was analyzed using the related sample formula. From the calculation results, the tcount value = -29.052<ttable 2.039 with a 2-party test (α/2=0.05/2=0.025)= 2.039. The tcount value is in the curve area of ​​rejection of H0 and acceptance of H1. Thus, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a difference in the learning motivation of students who are taught using the snowball throwing learning model and those who are not taught using the Snowball Throwing learning model at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year. The difference in learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of Class VIII Students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 Academic Year can be seen from the average scores of X1 = 77.0 and X2 = 88.3.

Researchers found several weaknesses during PAI learning at SMP Negeri 2 Sitiung, namely the lack of enthusiasm of students to learn, low student achievement during learning, and there were still many students who fell asleep during learning, which affected learning. Learners influence learning. The aim of this research was to see how much influence the application of the snowball throwing method had on the Islamic religious education learning outcomes of class VII students at SMP Negeri 2 Sitiung, Dharmasraya Regency. This research is experimental research with a quasi-experimental design. The location for this experiment was carried out at SMP Negeri 2 Sitiung, Dharmasraya Regency. The population in this study was all students in class VII of SMP Negeri 2 Sitiung, a total of 57 students, while the sample in this study was class VII A, which was the experimental class, which had a total of 29 students, and class VII B, which was the control class, which had a total of 28 students. . In determining the sample in this research, aggregate sampling techniques were used. In this research, data was collected in the form of tests. Based on the results of data analysis, the snowball throwing method influences student learning outcomes by 71.4% and other factors by 28.6%. In the hypothesis test analysis, the significance value (two-tailed) was obtained, namely 0.026 < 0.05, so that the Ha test decision was accepted and Ho was rejected, so it can be concluded that the snowball throwing method has an effect on learning outcomes. Based on research data, it can be concluded that the snowball throwing method is more suitable for implementing teaching and learning in Islamic religious education.

So that the learning process takes place actively, teachers should use learning models in delivering material according to students' needs. The snowball throwing learning model is a conceptual framework that describes systematic procedures for organizing learning experiences to achieve certain learning goals, and functions as a guide for learning designers and teachers in planning teaching and learning activities.

This research is apreliminary research that contains efforts to implement the snowball throwing learning model at the elementary level, especially in grade 4. This study also aims to determine student responses to the application of the snowball throwing learning model at the elementary school level. This study used a research design with the "One Shot Case Study" design, namely research conducted by giving certain treatment to research subjects, in this case the snowball throwing learning model. The data obtained were analyzed using research methods for students. In this study the authors used a data collection technique in the form of a questionnaire technique. The questionnaire used in this research is a student learning motivation questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that students' responses to learning using the snowball throwing model received a positive response with a percentage of 88.43%.

This study aims to describe the effect of the snowball throwing learning model on the results of learning to read Indonesian for grade IV SD students No.198 Inpres Bontorita Takalar Regency. The subjects used in the study were 30 students. This type of research is pre-experimental research in the form of Pre Test Post Test Design, namely an experiment which in its implementation only involves one class as the experimental class without any comparison class (control class).The success of the learning process in terms of aspects, namely: the achievement of completeness of students' classical Indonesian learning outcomes, student activities in learning Indonesian. Learning is said to be successful if the above aspects are fulfilled. The data collection technique used is the score data for reading results which are collected using a reading test.The results of the descriptive statistical analysis using the Snowball Throwing Learning Model for positive reading skills, students' reading skills using the Snowball Throwing learning model show better learning outcomes than before the Snowball Throwing learning model was applied. The results of inferential statistical analysis using the t test formula, it is known that the calculated t value obtained is 11.5444 with a frequency of db = 30–1 = 29, at a significance level of 5% obtained t table = 2.04523. So, t count > t table or the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted. This proves that there is influence in applying the Snowball Throwing learning model to reading skills in Indonesian language class IV SD No.198 Inpres Bontorita.

The purpose of this research is to prove whether the snowball throwing technique is effective or not in developing students’ speaking abilities at SMA Negeri 3 Ratahan. It is a pre-experimental design. The instrument used in collecting data is an oral test. The results show that the lowest pretest score was 4 and the highest posttest score was 10. Pretest scores totaled 137, while posttest scores totaled 181. The mean of the pretest scores was 5.95, while the mean of the posttest was 7.86. The standard deviation of the pretest was 0.46, while the posttest was 0.95. The pretest results show that the students are still struggling to learn the snowball throwing technique. The posttest results show that the students' proficiency in learning to speak through snowball throwing has increased.

The purpose of this research is to improve students’ reading comprehension through snowball throwing techniques at SMP Negeri 2 Tompaso. The students in the sample were all in first grade, and there were 22 of them. This is a quantitative study that used a pre-experimental design with one group pre-testing and post-testing. The instrument used in collecting data is a multiple-choice test. The result shows that the mean score of the students’ pretest was 6.9 and the mean score of the posttest was 7.9. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of the softball throwing technique improved students’ reading comprehension.

Dalam dunia pendidikan model pembelajaran menjadi ujung tombak tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran. Permasalahan yang sering ditemui dalam proses pembelajaran yaitu kurangnya daya tarik minat siswa dalam pembelajaran, guru menjadi perancang strategi pembelajaran yang cocok digunakan di kelas, yang mana harus mengenal berbagai macam model pembelajaran yang kooperatif digunakan pada situasi pembelajaran yang tepat. Salah satu model pembelajaran kooperatif yaitu model pembelajaran Snowball throwing. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas adalah kajian tentang situasi sosial dengan maksud untuk meningkatkan kualitas tindakan melalui proses diagonis, perencanaan, pemantauan dan mempelajari pengaruh yang ditimbulkan. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis data kualitatif yakni data dimulai dengan menelaah dari awal pengambilan data sampai seluruh data terkumpul. Tulisan ini berdasarkan temuan di SMA Negeri 1 Tambun Utara sebagai tempat pelaksanaan praktik kerja lapangan dan bahan penelitian penulis melaksanakan model pembelajaran ini di kelas XII IPS 3 yang memiliki kendala dalam proses pembelajaran membuat kurang minatnya belajar siswa karena model pembelajaran yang monoton. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan perbedaan nilai ketuntasan dari 3 tahapan proses penilaian yaitu penilaian siklus 1, penilaian siklus 2, dan penilaian siklus 3. penerapan model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa di kelas XII IPS 3 SMA Negeri 1 Tambun Utara. Dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa model pembelajaran snowball throwing ini berhasil.    

The teaching and learning process is an ongoing interaction between teachers and students to acquire knowledge in accordance with learning objectives. Measuring the success of the teaching and learning process can be seen from the learning outcomes achieved by students. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the snowball throwing method was more effective in influencing student responsibility than the conventional method, the effect of the responsibility of students taught by the snowball throwing method on student achievement, and the effectiveness of using the snowball throwing method in improving student achievement. This type of research is quantitative with a True Experimental research design using a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Data was collected by means of tests, observations, and documentation. After the data was collected, data analysis was carried out so that the average experimental class student responsibility was 3,25 higher than the control class average responsibility of 1,9 so that the snowball throwing method in the experimental class was more effective in influencing student responsibility. Student responsibility is very influential on student achievement of 83,0%. The use of the snowball throwing method was more effective in improving the learning achievement of fifth-graders at SD Kanisius Kurmosari Semarang in Catholic Religious Education subjects by 76,8497 or 76,8%. So, the use of the snowball throwing method is more effective in improving student learning outcomes.

The teaching and learning process is an ongoing interaction between teachers and students to acquire knowledge in accordance with learning objectives. Measuring the success of the teaching and learning process can be seen from the learning outcomes achieved by students. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the snowball throwing method was more effective in influencing student responsibility than the conventional method, the effect of the responsibility of students taught by the snowball throwing method on student achievement, and the effectiveness of using the snowball throwing method in improving student achievement. This type of research is quantitative with a True Experimental research design using a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Data was collected by means of tests, observations, and documentation. After the data was collected, data analysis was carried out so that the average experimental class student responsibility was 3,25 higher than the control class average responsibility of 1,9 so that the snowball throwing method in the experimental class was more effective in influencing student responsibility. Student responsibility is very influential on student achievement of 83,0%. The use of the snowball throwing method was more effective in improving the learning achievement of fifth-graders at SD Kanisius Kurmosari Semarang in Catholic Religious Education subjects by 76,8497 or 76,8%. So, the use of the snowball throwing method is more effective in improving student learning outcomes.