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Education Is A Very Important Aspect In Efforts To Improve The Quality Of Intelligent Human Resources So That They Can Support The Progress Of The Nation And State In The Future. As One Of The National Development Sectors In An Effort To Make The Nation's Life Smarter, The Vision Of Education Is To Create An Education System As A Strong And Authoritative Social Institution To Empower All Indonesian Citizens To Become Quality Human Beings So That They Are Able And Proactive In Responding To The Challenges Of The Ever-Changing Times. Data Source Sampling Was Carried Out Purposively And Snowball, Data Collection Techniques Used Triangulation, Data Analysis Was Inductive/Qualitative, And Qualitative Research Results Emphasized Meaning Rather Than Generalization. The Descriptive Method Is A Method For Assessing The Status Of A Group Of People, Objects, Conditions, Systems Of Thought, Or Events In The Present. This Type Of Research Tries To Explain Certain Social Phenomena. In This Research, It Starts From Designing A Ladder Diagram. An Existing Ladder Diagram Is Then Made Into A Circuit And Given A Load In The Form Of An Electric Motor That Can Be Controlled With Forward/Reverse. 3-Phase Power Source, Power/Three-Phase Mcb, R/S/T Phase, 1-Phase Mcb, Zelio, Forward And Contact Contacts, 3-Phase Motor As Output From Three Phases, Pb Stop, Pb Forward, And Pb Reverse. The Control Circuit Has Three Main Components, Namely The Zelio Sr Block, Contactor Block And Control Panel. The Three Components Are Interconnected And Coordinated By Zelio Sr As A Pc-Based Control Device. The Zelio Sr Used Is The Sr2 B121fu Type Which Has 4 Output Terminals And Has A Working Voltage Of 220v. System Design Testing In The Research Using The Zelio Plc. A. Simulation In Software. The Image Below Is The Initial Display Of The Application. Education Is One Part Of Developing High Quality Education For All Indonesian People Towards Creating A Quality Indonesian People. The Impact Of Education Is Quite Broad In Various Aspects Of Life Starting From The Economic, Social, Political, Technological, Environmental, Cultural, Educational And So On.

  This research aims to conduct a literary psychological study of the novel entitled Hai, Luka by Mezty Mez. This novel was written by a famous author who describes the complexity of the emotions and psychological conditions of the main character. This research explores the psychological elements contained in the novel and analyzes their influence on the character development of the main character. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The results of the research show that the classification of emotions in Dante's character is in the form of guilt, buried guilt, self-punishment, shame, sadness, hatred and love. In this case, the novel Hai, Luka provides a deeper understanding of the complexity of the characters and psychological conditions depicted through literary works. This research contributes to the field of literary psychology studies by revealing how authors use psychological elements to shape characters and stimulate emotional responses in readers    

This research seeks to find out how social criticism is in cyber literature, the Whynesia monologue on the Tretan Universe YouTube channel. This research method uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data used are three cyber videos of Whynesia monologue literature on the Tretan Universe YouTube channel. This research data was collected using the listening and note-taking method. The results of the research show that Whynesia's cyber literary monologue on the Tretan Universe YouTube channel has deep social criticism regarding the phenomena currently occurring. Through the flow of the monologue delivered, the narrator presents a discourse of social criticism regarding social problems that occur in Indonesia. This monologue presents the importance of social criticism which acts as a tool to maintain societal stability. Strong and courageous monologues in conveying criticism, stimulate thinking about the importance of creating stable conditions in society, where people must express their voice or social criticism regarding problems in the environment. The implication of the findings is the importance of social criticism to maintain the stability of society and the importance of new media such as research objects to revive literary works as a medium for social criticism. Therefore, society must fight so that existing inequalities or problems can be voiced to create stability and regeneration of literary works as a medium used in society.

Literary works, such as novels, poetry or drama, require a linguistic style that reflects the way the author wrote the literary work. Novels are a form of literary work. Novels usually tell the story of a person's life in relation to the lives of the people around him and each other. In novels, this has a major impact on the written story. The characters in a story have the greatest influence on the author's psychological state. Most people assume that the main character is someone who is similar to the author, especially if the main character is of the same gender. Imaginations arising from the author's environment – environmental conditions, events, places – can arouse in him the desire to immortalize them in literary works.    

Literary works, such as novels, poetry or drama, require a linguistic style that reflects the way the author wrote the literary work. Novels are a form of literary work. Novels usually tell the story of a person's life in relation to the lives of the people around him and each other. In novels, this has a major impact on the written story. The characters in a story have the greatest influence on the author's psychological state. Most people assume that the main character is someone who is similar to the author, especially if the main character is of the same gender. Imaginations arising from the author's environment – environmental conditions, events, places – can arouse in him the desire to immortalize them in literary works.    

One of the skills that requires understanding is writing. Social life is never separated from activities that require writing. Writing even becomes a culture in a region such as the Malay land, one of which is Riau which has Arabic Malay writing. Malay Arabic which is a cultural treasure is preserved by the implementation of local content of Malay Arabic lessons from elementary school level. This study aims to determine the understanding of Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program Batch 2021 A Riau University Students towards Malay Arabic Writing. This research uses descriptive method with quantitative approach. Quantitative descriptive research method is a method that aims to create a picture or descriptive of a situation objectively using numbers, starting from data collection, interpretation of the data and the appearance and result. The results of the research showed that the understanding of Arabic Malay writing was good with a percentage of 90%, the ability to understand Arabic Malay writing was adequate with a percentage of 60%, and the ability to understand Arabic Malay writing was poor with a percentage of 50%. Overall, Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program students' understanding of Malay Arabic Writing is in the poor category with an average percentage of 67%.    

Language has a variety of skills, namely, reading, writing, listening and speaking. In learning Malay Arabic, two language skills are used, namely reading and writing. So, it can be concluded that reading is the process of seeing and understanding something written to obtain information and knowledge and reading is a step in broadening one's horizons. Writing is a productive and expressive activity. Writing activities require a person to be skilled at utilizing what is on his mind, mastering various dictions and understanding language structures. Learning Malay Arabic is essentially a process of learning the rules of the Malay Arabic script which aims to form a generation that is good at writing and reading Malay Arabic script so that it can be preserved for the next generation.

The inner conflict of the main character in the novel entitled Sebening Syahadat by Diva Sinar Rembulan is interesting to research through the study of literary psychology. The inner conflict experienced by the main character in the novel begins when the main character finds the woman of his dreams and searches for an identity that he has not yet believed in. The aim of this research is to describe the inner conflict experienced by the main character of the novel Sebening Syahadat by Diva Sinar Rembulan. This type of research is a literature study. The approach used is a literary psychology approach. The method used is a qualitative method. The data collection technique used is a documentation technique in three ways, namely, literature study, reading technique, and note-taking technique. The instrument used is a data card for the classification of intrinsic elements and forms of inner conflict. The analysis technique used is content analysis technique. The presentation of the results of data analysis is carried out descriptively. The results of this research found intrinsic elements in the form of characters and characterization, plot and setting. The second thing was found to be 47 data on the form of inner conflict in the form of (6) anxiety, (1) obsession, (3) frustration, (12) guilt, (7) hurt, (1) fear, (5) inability, (12) angry. This research can be used as an alternative teaching material at the high school/vocational school level.

Poverty can be a big problem for the country. By not having property, human life becomes completely limited. The lack of shelter, food and clothing facilities means they cannot meet their living needs as they should. Poverty is the main problem in the novel Keep The Aspidistra Flying where the main character suffers from poverty since birth. In the story, even though Gordon Comstock, the main character in this novel, was born into a poor family, he really hates money and state capitalism. He prefers to live independently with simplicity and persistence. This novel research uses the Hermeneutics method. Hermeneutics is a method that regulates methods of interpretation, namely the interpretation of texts and other signs that can be considered texts. This problem of poverty must be resolved immediately, otherwise many bad impacts will arise, one of which is long-term poverty.  

This research analyzes one of Ahmad Tohari's short stories entitled Eyes that are Good to Look at using a sociological literary analysis approach. This approach is used to determine the extent to which literary works are able to display social realities and problems that occur in society. Through the figure of Mirta Ahmad Tohari depicts the hard life of a blind beggar facing the ins and outs of life. The description of Mirta's suffering is a reality of life that is often encountered by lower class people.

This study examines the Onang onang Vocal Technique Analysis in Ende Gordang Sambilan in the Kumala Huta Siantar Panyabungan group, Mandailing Natal Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the vocal techniques of onang onang by parende/group singers, using qualitative methods through a descriptive analysis approach. Using musicology theory, supported by vocal techniques in western music science. Data collection techniques through field observa-tions, interviews, and documentation. The application of vocal techniques seen from the posture in a standing position, dominant articulation using the letters A and O, breathing through chest breathing in medium and low tones and abdominal breathing at the beginning of high-pitched lyrics, onang onang intonation according to the original melody, head resonance and a distinc-tive nose, improvisation with the addition of ornaments in some of the lyrics, vibrato at the end of the lyrics, the spontaneity of the vocal lyrics in relation to the dialect of everyday language, and the miking technique by holding the mic with two hands. In terms of vocal techniques in western music, parende's vocal techniques cannot be forced. Onang onang as a traditional musical art, and has its own characteristics.

The study aims to determine whether there is an influence of the Principal's transformational leadership on improving the performance of teachers at SMAK Ebenezer Hutabalang. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive influence between the transformational leadership of the Principal on improving the performance of teachers at Ebenezer Hutabalang High School in 2023. This research method is quantitative. The population of all teachers at Ebenezer Hutabalang High School in 2023 amounted to 20 people. Sampling is the entire population so that this research is population research. The research instrument was a closed questionnaire. The results of the analysis requirements obtained the value of rxy = 0.631> table = 0.444 indicate a positive relationship between the transformational leadership of the Principal with teacher performance and obtain a regression equation. Hypothesis testing obtained Fhitung = 11.92> Ftabel = 3.55 then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The study concluded that there is a positive influence between the transformational leadership of the Principal on improving the performance of teachers at Ebenezer Hutabalang High School in 2023 by 39.82%.

The study aims to determine whether there is an influence of the Principal's transformational leadership on improving the performance of teachers at SMAK Ebenezer Hutabalang. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive influence between the transformational leadership of the Principal on improving the performance of teachers at Ebenezer Hutabalang High School in 2023. This research method is quantitative. The population of all teachers at Ebenezer Hutabalang High School in 2023 amounted to 20 people. Sampling is the entire population so that this research is population research. The research instrument was a closed questionnaire. The results of the analysis requirements obtained the value of rxy = 0.631> table = 0.444 indicate a positive relationship between the transformational leadership of the Principal with teacher performance and obtain a regression equation. Hypothesis testing obtained Fhitung = 11.92> Ftabel = 3.55 then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The study concluded that there is a positive influence between the transformational leadership of the Principal on improving the performance of teachers at Ebenezer Hutabalang High School in 2023 by 39.82%.

Literary works always contain the author's perspective on reality as a social institution created by the author. These problems are often combined into a view or criticism of life. This certainly describes social life as a reality that occurs in an environment. One type of literary work that contains a view of reality is W.S Rendra's poem entitled "Poem of Hot People". The aim of this research is to determine the effort to explain the social impact of the poem entitled "Poetry of the Overheated People" by W.S Rendra. The poem depicts social and political inequality between the needy class of society and the ruling class of society. Through this research, I hope to make us more sensitive to circumstances and conditions. The reason I chose W.S Rendra's poetry was because the language was very clear and specific. With poetry that uses clear and specific language, the meaning of the content is accurate and complete. The poem is analyzed using the perspective of the social impact that occurs on a phenomenon. The method used in this research is a qualitative method using a literary sociology approach. The technique used is descriptive analysis technique. The researcher sees himself as the only tool. This process involves recording factors related to aspects of social impact as documentation of analysis and as a source of understanding. The results of the research show that the poem "Poetry of Hot People" describes social inequality. Based on these findings, researchers concluded that poetry can be used as a means to criticize existing injustices and express feelings of dissatisfaction with social situations.      

Bukoba oral literature is one of the traditions that exist in Rambah Hilir, Rokan Hulu, Riau. The purpose of this research is to find out the cultural values as well as the moral message contained in the koba ratok lalageh anak rang rambah and timang anak. The method used is qualitative with data collection through observations, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study describe the culture contained in the koba ratok lalageh anak rang rambah which is to invite the community around to preserve this culture that has begun to disappear. Then the moral message contained in the koba timang anak is to do good wherever you are, so it will be easy to find friends and innocent people.

This study aims to: 1) Describe the form of soul function of the character Aletta Arkanza in the novel I'm A Good Girl by Zahrani Salsabila, 2) Describe the form of the attitude of the soul of the character Aletta Arkanza in the Novel I'm A Good Girl by Zahrani Salsabila. This study uses the study of Literary Psychology by utilizing Carl Gustav Jung's theory. This research is a type of qualitative research that is descriptive in nature. The source of this research data is text in the form of words or sentences that indicate the existence of soul functions and mental attitudes of the Aletta Arkanza character, Carl Gustav Jung's theory. Data collection techniques in this study are using library research, reading techniques and note-taking techniques. The data in this study were analyzed using data analysis techniques by identifying, classifying, analyzing, describing, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that 1) The function of the soul in Aletta Arkanza's character there are four functions of the soul of thought, feeling, intuition and sensing which Jung distinguished into two characteristics, namely rational and irrational. 2) There are two characteristics of the attitude of the soul in the character Aletta Arkanza, namely introvert and extrovert.

This research aims to analyze the form of social interaction between characters in the novel Lebih Senyap Dari Bisikan by Andina Dwifatma, and utilize the results of the analysis as an alternative teaching material for SMA class XII students. This research is a descriptive qualitative research whose analysis results will be described narratively. The data source in this analysis is the novel Lebih Senyap Dari Bisikan by Andina Dwifatma. The findings of the analysis show that this novel contains social interactions that are associative and dissociative. Associative social interaction consists of cooperation when the characters realize that they have the same interests, accommodation when the characters are willing to adjust to the new environment, and assimilation when the characters try to reduce differences. Meanwhile, dissociative social interactions consist of contravention when the characters cause disagreement with each other, and conflict when the characters oppose each other by hitting each other. The results of the analysis are then adjusted to the demands of the 2013 curriculum based on Core Competencies and Basic Competencies and made a product in the form of teaching materials to support the learning of SMA class XII students.

This study uses the novel Max Havelaar by Multatuli. The problems discussed in this study are, (1) The structure of Multatuli's Max Havelaar novel? (2) The author's world view in the novel Max Havelaar by Multatuli? (3) The relevance of Multatuli's novel Max Havelaar as literature learning material in SMA/SMK?. The aims of this study were (1) to find out the structure of Multatuli's Max Havelaar novel, (2) to find out the world views in Multatuli's Max Havelaar novel, (3) to find the relevance of Multatuli's Max Havelaar novel as material for learning literature in class XII in senior high school. /SMK. The data analysis technique used is the dialectical method. The results of this research analysis can be interpreted in three ways, namely first, the structure in this study is thematic in nature, which means determining the relationship between characters. Second, the researcher finds that Max Havelaar's novel expresses a worldview in the form of Multatuli's ideas and aspirations regarding the phenomenon of colonialism practices towards indigenous peoples. Third, Multatuli's novel Max Havelaar can be made as literature learning material, especially at the high school/vocational school level. This can be measured through three aspects consisting of the language aspect, the latest psychological aspect in the novel, and the historical background aspect. Therefore, the teacher suggests using this novel as material for learning literature for class XII at SMA/SMK

Before proceeding to criticize the material of Shari'a, tariqa, essence and ma'rifat in the book Akidah Akhlak Madrasah Aliyah Class XI Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia 2020, it is better if the researcher first explains about the four dimensions of Sufism mentioned above by quoting some information from various sources. the majority of books written by the perpetrators of Sufism itself. This is to provide a broader picture and help understand criticism and its object. This is because the material contained in the book Akidah Akhlak Madrasah Aliyah Class XI of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia 2020 is very limited and only discusses the outer shell. While the researcher's criticism intends to open the eyes of the world of education from the impact of loading this material in textbooks.

This study aims to determine the effect of extroverted and introverted personalities on speaking skills. This type of research is a quantitative research with a survey method (expo facto), with a comparative causal design. The objects in this study were students of the Indonesian language and literature education study program. The total population is 238 students, the sample size is 15%, namely 36 students. Accidental sampling technique. The results showed that there were 55.6% or 20 students with introverted personalities and 44.4% or 16 students with extroverted personalities. The results of the mean scores of students' speaking skills show that students with introverted personalities have better speaking skills scores than students who have extroverted personalities. The mean score of students with introverted personalities is 15.65 while the average score of students with extroverted personalities is 13.25. From the results of hypothesis testing with a one-way ANOVA test, the value of Fcount is 1.655, Ftable 4.13, a significance level of 0.05, so Fcount <Ftable, it is stated that Ha is rejected and Ho is accepted. Based on the results of the above study, it was concluded that there was no influence between extroverted and introverted personality types on students' speaking skills.