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Perilaku merokok pada remaja masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan yang dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya motivasi serta kurangnya dukungan positif dari teman sebaya. Edukasi kesehatan melalui media audio visual dinilai efektif karena mampu menyampaikan informasi secara menarik, mudah dipahami, dan meningkatkan kesadaran siswa terhadap bahaya rokok.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi kesehatan melalui media audio visual terhadap motivasi, dukungan teman sebaya, dan perilaku merokok pada siswa SMPN 12 kendari tahun 2026. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan pre-experimental menggunakan rancangan one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 796 siswa dengan sampel sebanyak 89 responden yang diambil menggunakan teknik proportional random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner pre-test dan post-test, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Paired Sample T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata motivasi meningkat dari 18,18 menjadi 28,75, dukungan teman sebaya meningkat dari 19,72 menjadi 27,93, serta perilaku merokok meningkat dari 19,30 menjadi 29,47 setelah diberikan intervensi. Hasil uji statistik diperoleh nilai (p-value = 0,000) (<0,05) yang menunjukkan adanya pengaruh edukasi kesehatan melalui media audio visual terhadap motivasi, dukungan teman sebaya, dan perilaku merokok pada siswa SMPN 12 Kendari Tahun 2026. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah edukasi kesehatan melalui media audio visual efektif dalam meningkatkan motivasi, dukungan teman sebaya, dan perubahan perilaku merokok pada siswa.  

Cigarette smoke is a major source of free radicals that can cause various health problems, including disturbances in the male reproductive system. Nicotine and other harmful compounds in cigarettes increase oxidative stress and interfere with spermatogenesis. Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica) is a medicinal plant known for its antioxidant properties that may help neutralize free radicals. This study aimed to determine the effect of Gotu Kola leaf extract on the histopathological features of the testes in male Wistar rats exposed to cigarette smoke. An experimental study using a Post-Test Only Control Group Design was conducted on 24 rats divided into six groups: a normal group, a negative control group exposed to cigarette smoke, a positive control group treated with vitamin E, and three treatment groups receiving Gotu Kola extract at doses of 120, 180, and 240 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. The observed parameters were Leydig cell count and seminiferous tubule diameter. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that Gotu Kola extract significantly increased Leydig cell numbers and seminiferous tubule diameter in all treatment groups compared to the negative control group (p < 0.05). Post hoc analysis demonstrated significant differences in tubule diameter, with the highest improvement observed at the 240 mg/kg body weight dose. These findings indicate that Gotu Kola extract has potential protective effects against testicular damage caused by cigarette smoke exposure.

Perkembangan teknologi artificial intelligence, khususnya dalam bidang computer vision dan deep learning, telah mendorong lahirnya berbagai sistem otomatis dalam analisis citra dan video. Salah satu implementasi yang banyak digunakan adalah deteksi objek secara real-time menggunakan algoritma YOLO (You Only Look Once). Di sisi lain, penggunaan rokok elektronik atau vape semakin meningkat, terutama di lingkungan pendidikan, sehingga diperlukan sistem pengawasan otomatis yang mampu mendeteksi aktivitas tersebut secara akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem deteksi aktivitas vape berbasis YOLOv8 pada citra dan video. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deep learning workflow yang meliputi pengumpulan dataset, pra-pemrosesan, pelatihan model, serta evaluasi performa. Dataset yang digunakan dikembangkan secara mandiri dengan jumlah awal 1000 gambar, kemudian ditingkatkan menjadi 2000 gambar melalui proses augmentasi menggunakan Roboflow. Proses pelatihan dilakukan dengan parameter tertentu, seperti 100 epoch dan ukuran citra 640×640 piksel. Evaluasi model dilakukan menggunakan metrik precision, recall, mean Average Precision (mAP), serta kecepatan deteksi (frame per second). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model YOLOv8 mampu mendeteksi aktivitas vape dengan performa yang cukup baik. Model mencapai nilai precision sebesar 0,91, recall sebesar 0,88, mAP@0.5 sebesar 0,92, serta mAP@0.5:0.95 sebesar 0,76. Selain itu, sistem mampu bekerja secara real-time dengan kecepatan deteksi mencapai 28 FPS. Hasil pengujian juga menunjukkan bahwa model mampu mengenali objek vape pada berbagai kondisi lingkungan, meskipun masih mengalami kendala pada objek berukuran kecil dan kondisi occlusion. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa algoritma YOLOv8 efektif digunakan untuk mendeteksi aktivitas vape pada citra dan video, serta memiliki potensi untuk diterapkan dalam sistem pengawasan berbasis CCTV secara real-time.

The implementation of smoking prohibition policies in Islamic boarding schools continues to depend largely on manual monitoring methods, which often face challenges related to consistency and supervision range. This study aims to design an Internet of Things (IoT)-based cigarette smoke detection system as an alternative monitoring approach that is more effective, measurable, and sustainable. The system design combines an MQ-2 gas sensor with a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller programmed through the Arduino IDE platform. When smoke levels detected by the sensor exceed the predetermined limit, the system automatically triggers a buzzer and LED as warning indicators while simultaneously sending monitoring data to cloud-based platforms such as Firebase or ThingSpeak for real-time observation through web interfaces. The research outputs include a comprehensive system design consisting of system architecture, electronic circuit schematics, flowcharts, and pseudocode that are systematically arranged to support future prototype development and implementation. Through this design, the proposed system is expected to provide an initial technological solution that can enhance the effectiveness of monitoring and enforcing smoke-free regulations within Islamic boarding school environments.

The circulation of illegal cigarettes in Kudus Regency remains a serious problem that is detrimental to the state and disrupts a healthy business competition climate. This study aims to analyze the forms and mechanisms of law enforcement by the Kudus Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office against these violations based on Law Number 39 of 2007 concerning Excise, and to identify inhibiting factors in its implementation. The research method used is an empirical juridical approach with a qualitative descriptive research type through interviews with officials of the Kudus Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office and a literature study of related documents and regulations. The circulation of illegal cigarettes is still found in various forms of violations, with plain cigarettes without excise stamps being the most frequently found type. The resulting impacts include reduced state revenue, disrupted competitiveness of the legal cigarette industry, and low levels of public legal compliance. In its implementation, the Kudus Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office faces obstacles in the form of limited personnel and facilities, difficulties in location searches, and low public legal awareness. This research is expected to contribute to increasing the effectiveness of law enforcement in the excise sector and support efforts to eradicate the circulation of illegal cigarettes in Indonesia

Adolescents are a vulnerable group facing nutritional problems, therefore nutritional needs are crucial. Unhealthy lifestyle changes, such as excessive cigarette consumption, can lead to nutritional status problems. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mental health and cigarette consumption with the nutritional status of male adolescents at SMK Negeri 3 Palu. This study was quantitative, using a cross-sectional approach with a population of adolescents at SMK Negeri 3 Palu aged 16-18 years. This study was conducted in December 2024. The sample size was 103 individuals, using a stratified random sampling technique. Based on the results of the Spearman rank test, it shows that the adolescents who experience the most mental health problems are at a mild level with a nutritional status of 42.6% (p = 0.724) > value ∝ 0.05 and the adolescents who have the most heavy cigarette consumption with a nutritional status of 48.8% (p = 0.221) > value ∝ 0.05, which means there is no relationship between mental health and nutritional status and there is no relationship between cigarette consumption and the nutritional status of male adolescents at SMK Negeri 3 Palu.

The circulation of illegal cigarettes constitutes a serious problem that results in state financial losses and disrupts legal certainty in the excise sector. Although criminal provisions related to the circulation of illegal cigarettes have been explicitly regulated in statutory laws, law enforcement practices demonstrate a tendency to apply administrative sanctions rather than criminal sanctions. This study aims to analyze the regulation of criminal law concerning illegal cigarette circulation and to examine the implications of the dominance of administrative sanctions on the effectiveness of criminal law. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches through library research on primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that the main problem does not lie in the absence or contradiction of legal norms, but in the emergence of vague norms at the implementation level due to inconsistent application of criminal sanctions. This condition weakens legal certainty, reduces the deterrent effect of criminal law, and undermines the protection of public interests. This study emphasizes the importance of consistent application of criminal sanctions to ensure that criminal law functions effectively in addressing illegal cigarette circulation.

This study aims to analyze the effect of price and product quality on purchasing decisions of Gudang Garam Signature Kretek cigarettes in the premium machine-made kretek segment. The Indonesian tobacco industry continues to face sustained regulatory pressure through excise tax increases and intensifying brand competition, prompting consumers to reassess purchasing decisions using both rational evaluation and experiential judgment. A quantitative correlational approach was employed in this study. Primary data were collected through structured Likert-scale questionnaires distributed to 100 active consumers of Gudang Garam Signature Kretek selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis was conducted through validity testing, reliability testing, and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS software. The results indicate that price and product quality have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions, both partially and simultaneously. Product quality emerged as the most dominant factor, suggesting that premium cigarette consumers prioritize consistent quality, taste, aroma, and overall consumption experience as the primary basis for decision-making. Meanwhile, price remains an important rational reference for assessing the fairness between perceived benefits and financial sacrifice. Simultaneously, both variables explain 50 percent of the variation in purchasing decisions, while the remaining variance is influenced by other factors outside the research model. These findings highlight that purchasing decisions in the premium cigarette market are shaped by a value-based assessment, where sustained product quality and adaptive pricing strategies play a critical role in maintaining consumer loyalty amid regulatory pressure and evolving market dynamics

Exposure to cigarette smoke is one of the environmental risk factors that is still widely found and has a significant impact on the health of the respiratory system, especially the upper respiratory tract. The irritants and toxic substances in cigarette smoke can trigger mucosal inflammation, interfere with the defenses of the airways, and increase susceptibility to various upper airway disorders. This study aims to systematically analyze the relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and upper airway disorders based on available scientific evidence. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with reference to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were conducted through PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Garuda databases. Articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 26 articles that were analyzed narrative-synthesis. The results showed that most studies reported a meaningful association between exposure to cigarette smoke, both in active and passive smokers, and an increased risk of upper respiratory tract disorders such as rhinitis, sinusitis, recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, pharyngitis, and laryngitis. Higher risks are found in passive smokers, especially children, as well as in individuals with long-term, high-intensity exposure. The conclusion of this study confirms that exposure to cigarette smoke is an important and preventable risk factor for upper respiratory tract disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the policy of non-smoking areas, public education, as well as promotive and preventive efforts in health services to reduce the impact of exposure to cigarette smoke on the health of the upper respiratory tract.

The cigarette industry in Dawe District, Kudus, has been the backbone of the local economy for decades. However, this heavy dependence on a single industrial sector creates economic vulnerability, especially when production fluctuations or policy changes affect the tobacco industry. An economic empowerment program through agricultural entrepreneurship skills is highly relevant in this context. Modern agriculture using wick hydroponic technology and mini Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) offers an appropriate solution because it has characteristics that are suited to the geographic and socioeconomic conditions of the Dawe community. This PKM program has proven that economic empowerment through technology and skills transfer can be an effective strategy for increasing community income. Based on the results achieved, it is recommended to replicate similar programs in other areas with similar characteristics. Furthermore, ongoing monitoring and evaluation are necessary to ensure the sustainability of the businesses pioneered by participants. Collaboration with relevant agencies and microfinance institutions can strengthen participants' access to capital for broader business development.

This research is motivated by the existence of factors that influence employee performance in a company. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of extrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, and work-life balance on the performance in the 12-cigarette production employees at PT Praoe Lajar Semarang. The population in this study was 120 employees in the 12-cigarette production department at PT Praoe Lajar Semarang. The sample used was purposive sampling, with 60 respondents. The instrument used was a questionnaire and the measurement used a likert scale. The test tool used was SPSS Version 26. Data analysis methods included validity testing, reliability testing, respondent description analysis, multiple linear regression, classical assumption testing, t-test, and coefficient of determination testing. The results indicate that extrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, indicating that employees are motivated by external influences to improve their performance. Self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, indicating that employees are satisfied with their ability to improve their performance. Work life balance has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, meaning that the higher the work life balance of employees, the better their performance will be.

The use of electronic cigarettes (vapes) among adolescents continues to increase and has emerged as a significant public health concern influenced by the interaction of individual, social, and environmental factors. This study aims to comprehensively riview the factors influencing adolescent e-cigarette use from the perspective of Social Cognitive Theory. A descriptive-narrative literature review was conducted using empirical national and international studies published between 2015 and 2025 and retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The synthesis of the literature indicates that adolescent vaping behavior is influenced by social environmental factors, including peer influence and exposure to social media, as well as personal cognitive factors such as knowledge, risk perception, outcome expectations, and self-efficacy. These factors operate thorugh observational learning and reciprocal interactions between individuals, environment, and behavior. This review concludes that Social Cognitive Theory provides a relevant and comprehensive framework for understanding adolescent vaping behavior and offers a foundations for the development of effective health promotion interventions and preventive policies.

This article, titled "Parental Participation and Preventive Measures Against Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Early Childhood," aims to describe the impact of cigarette smoke exposure on the health of early childhood and analyze the role of parents in prevention efforts. This research used a literature review method, compiling data from books, journals, research reports, and related academic sources. The results of the study indicate that cigarette smoke exposure can increase the risk of respiratory disorders, reduce immunity, exacerbate asthma, and trigger various chronic diseases in children. These findings confirm that early childhood is the group most vulnerable to the dangers of cigarette smoke, both from active and passive smoking. Furthermore, the discussion demonstrates the central role of parental participation through smoking cessation, the implementation of smoke-free homes, maintaining a clean environment, and ongoing family education. Various strategies, such as evidence-based education and the use of digital media, are also considered effective in raising parental awareness. Therefore, protecting children from cigarette smoke exposure requires family commitment and the support of a healthy environment.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) extract is known to contain potent antioxidant compounds such as lycopene, vitamin C, and flavonoids that can protect reproductive cells from oxidative stress. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of tomato extract in improving the quality of spermatozoa in white rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke, which is a major source of free radicals. The research applied a literature review approach by identifying, selecting, and analyzing related studies published between 2013 and 2023 from the Google Scholar and Academia.edu databases. Ten eligible studies were included for synthesis. The results show that the administration of tomato extract at doses ranging from 20 to 60 mg/kgBW/day significantly increased sperm motility, morphology, and viability in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. The improvement was associated with the antioxidant effect of lycopene, which protects Leydig cells and maintains testosterone production. These findings suggest that tomato extract has significant potential as a natural antioxidant therapy to prevent oxidative damage and reproductive disorders caused by cigarette smoke exposure.

Background: The increasing number of underage smokers is a problem that needs attention. One effort to reduce the number of underage smokers is by providing knowledge about the dangers of smoking. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of audiovisual education on elementary school children's knowledge of the dangers of smoking among 5th and 6th graders. Methods: This study used a one-group pre-post test design with a sample of 50 students using total sampling. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire about the dangers of smoking, and data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The results of the study showed that before the education was provided, most of the children's knowledge about the dangers of smoking was still lacking (94%), and after the education was provided, most of the students' knowledge became good (80%). Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, the result was p=0.000, which means that there is an effect of audiovisual education on the knowledge of the dangers of smoking among fifth and sixth grade elementary school children. Conclusion: Educational video media can increase a person's knowledge because videos can be an effective medium for providing information. Thus, educational video media has been proven to influence the knowledge of fifth and sixth grade elementary school children about the dangers of smoking, thereby preventing children from using cigarettes.

Cigarette excise crimes are a form of economic crime that significantly impact state revenues, national economic stability, and the market balance of the tobacco industry. This phenomenon not only causes material losses to the state but also has implications for social justice and the economic order of society. This study aims to analyze in depth the characteristics, causes, and implications of cigarette excise crimes from the perspective of economic criminal law and criminology. The research method used is a juridical-normative approach combined with criminological analysis to identify the relationship between social, economic, and legal factors in cigarette excise violations. The results indicate that these crimes are driven by economic motives, regulatory imbalances, weak law enforcement, and low public awareness of excise obligations. Through this analysis, the study emphasizes the need for synergy between criminal law policy, economic oversight, and a criminological approach to create an effective and equitable excise control system in Indonesia.

This study was conducted to evaluate and confirm hypotheses related to communication, work discipline, and work environment as determinants of employee performance at Pabrik Rokok Cengkir Gading Nganjuk. A quantitative approach with an associative method was adopted. The research utilized a non-probability sampling strategy, specifically the saturated sample method, by involving all 53 employees in the production section. Data were processed using SPSS version 26 and analyzed through validity, reliability, normality, linearity, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²). Findings indicate that communication has a positive but insignificant effect on performance (Sig. 0.131 > 0.05). In contrast, work discipline significantly and positively influences performance (Sig. 0.016 < 0.05), while the work environment has a positive but insignificant effect (Sig. 0.052 > 0.05). On the other hand, communication, work discipline, and work environment together significantly affect employee performance (Sig. 0.000 < 0.05). The overall contribution of these three independent variables is 47.9%, with the remaining 52.1% explained by other unobserved variables.

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that is often triggered by exposure to cigarette smoke, both active and passive. This exposure contains harmful substances such as nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide that can irritate the airways, increase inflammation, and worsen asthma symptoms. This study aims to determine the relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and the incidence of bronchial asthma in patients at the Pulmonary Polyclinic of Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Regional General Hospital, Banjarmasin. The research method used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 47 patients was selected through purposive sampling according to the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through questionnaires and medical records, then analyzed using the Chi-Square test (α = 0.05). The results showed that the majority of respondents were passive smokers (61.70%), had family members who smoked (57.45%), and were exposed to cigarette smoke daily (55.32%). All respondents had been diagnosed with asthma by medical personnel, and 91.49% reported worsening symptoms after exposure to cigarette smoke. The chi-square test results showed a significant association between cigarette smoke exposure and the incidence of bronchial asthma (p = 0.026). This finding confirms that cigarette smoke exposure is an important risk factor that must be avoided to prevent relapse and worsening of asthma. Therefore, patient and family education regarding the dangers of cigarette smoke, the implementation of smoke-free areas, environmental support, and smoking cessation programs need to be continuously improved as strategies for controlling bronchial asthma.

This study aims to analyze and determine whether or not there are differences in financial performance between cigarette sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016 - 2023. This type of research uses quantitative research with a comparative method. Sampling was carried out using the purposive sampling method and four companies were obtained. The data used in this study are secondary data using the company's annual financial reports. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test for non-normally distributed data and the One-Way ANOVA test for normally distributed data. The results of the study indicate that there are significant differences between the financial performance of PT HM Sampoerna Tbk, PT Gudang Garam Tbk, PT Wismilak Inti Makmur Tbk, and PT Indonesian Tobacco Tbk as seen from the liquidity ratio (Current Ratio), solvency ratio (Debt To Asset Ratio), activity ratio (Total Asset Turn Over), and profitability ratio (Return On Asset).

This study aims to analyze the effect of education level, occupation, income and product price on the level of cigarette consumption in Sukolilo District, Surabaya City. The type of research used is quantitative method. The data sources used are primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to respondents of people who actively smoke in Sukolilo District and secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and related agencies. The method of analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS for windows program version 25.0. The population and sample in this study were 81 respondents selected using non probability sampling technique, namely accidental sampling using Isac Michel formula with 10% margin of error. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression, F test, T test, and coefficient of determination (R Square). The results showed that partially education, employment, income and product prices had a positive and significant effect on the level of cigarette consumption and the coefficient of determination was 89.2%. It is hoped that this information can provide benefits to the community in Sukolilo Subdistrict or can be input for local governments and policy makers in efforts to control cigarette consumption.