Publication Search

Odot grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) is an important ruminant forage because of its high palatability, adaptability to tropical environments, and potential for high biomass production. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of solid organic fertilizer on the growth and production of odot grass as a basis for developing productive and sustainable forage cultivation. The experiment was conducted in Pangi Village, Dulupi District, Boalemo Regency, from February to March 2026 using a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of P0 without solid organic fertilizer, P1 at 10 t/ha, P2 at 20 t/ha, P3 at 30 t/ha, and P4 at 40 t/ha. Observed variables included plant height, leaf number, tiller number, and fresh weight production. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s multiple range test at the 5% significance level. The results showed that P4 produced the best response for all measured parameters. The highest plant height was 77.83 ± 43.80 cm, with 18.83 ± 3.67 leaves, 2.42 ± 1.38 tillers, and fresh weight production of 52.33 ± 10.12 t/ha. These improvements indicate that 40 t/ha solid organic fertilizer enhanced nutrient availability and supported biomass formation. Solid organic fertilizer is therefore a promising locally based cultivation input for improving ruminant forage productivity.

The Aceh Tamiang region was one of the areas affected by the hydrometeorological disaster. The disaster not only caused damage to community facilities and infrastructure but also left behind dead soil deposits that were poor in nutrients, dense in texture, and less productive for supporting agricultural and plantation activities. Research was conducted to examine strategies for utilizing dead soil after flooding by processing it with organic materials so that it could be converted into organic fertilizer with utility and economic value. This research aimed to find environmentally friendly land rehabilitation solutions, increase soil productivity, and open new business opportunities for disaster-affected communities. The results showed that the combination of flood sediment soil with organic materials significantly increased nutrient content, improved soil structure, increased water holding capacity, and accelerated the growth of test plants compared to untreated soil. Furthermore, this program provides dual benefits: on the one hand, it serves as a post-disaster land rehabilitation solution, and on the other hand, it serves as an opportunity for an organic fertilizer business that can reduce the community's dependence on relatively expensive chemical fertilizers. The implications of this research are not only limited to the technical aspects of agriculture but also touch on the socio-economic dimensions of the community. Utilizing dead soil as organic fertilizer can strengthen local economic resilience, increase farmer independence, and encourage the creation of environmentally friendly, sustainable agricultural systems. Therefore, this strategy can serve as an innovative model for addressing the impacts of hydrometeorological disasters in other areas facing similar challenges.

Punggelan State Junior High School 3, Banjarnegara, as one of the schools at the elementary education level, will empower its students through the use of the school environment for agricultural activities. Efforts to introduce agricultural activities are carried out through P5 (Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila / Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project) on the theme of sustainable lifestyles. The theoretical session was held in the hall of Punggelan State Junior High School 3. The practical session was held in the garden area of Punggelan State Junior High School 3. The participants were also assisted by three students from the Agroindustry Study Program at the Banjarnegara Polytechnic. The stages of the activity consisted of a theoretical session in the hall, practical sessions on making planting media, making organic fertilizer, making yellow traps, sowing mustard seeds, and maintaining the mustard plants. Participants who had completed the practical activities were given the responsibility of maintaining their plants until harvest. The participants came from several villages in Punggelan Subdistrict, including Danakerta, Klapa, Tribuana, and Sambong. These four villages are agricultural centers. Most of the residents in these areas have yards that are used for agricultural activities. The students already have basic agricultural skills for vegetable cultivation. The participants' background in agriculture-based areas will facilitate student empowerment activities in school management towards achieving adiwiyata status. The empowerment of students at Punggelan State Junior High School 3through training in organic fertilizer production showed an increase in participants' knowledge of science in the field of anaerobic technology in organic fertilizer production. Participants also acquired the skill of being able to make organic fertilizer from leaves or grass and livestock manure. Participants were able to apply organic fertilizer as a seedling medium and a medium for growing mustard greens.

Cinangka District has not yet implemented a system for separating organic and inorganic waste at the household or community level. Therefore, training on the production of organic fertilizer (POC) and compost using a composter is necessary. This activity was held on June 12, 2025, in Kamasan Village, Cinangka District. A follow-up to this fertilizer training was the creation of a tool to measure the NPK content of fertilizers, allowing for the determination of their appropriate use for specific crops. The results of this activity concluded that processing organic waste into organic fertilizer has the following benefits: 1) Reducing the accumulation of organic waste that can pollute the environment; 2) More economical, as it can reduce the cost of purchasing fertilizers and can even be a business opportunity for fertilizer production; 3) Optimal plantation yields are achieved by using organic fertilizers with the appropriate NPK content for the appropriate crop types

The purpose of this training is to provide understanding, competence and skills for training participants about the utilization of waste from broiler farms (litter) to be used as organic fertilizer, so that it can increase the income of farmers and can reduce negative impacts on the environment. The training method includes lectures, discussion, visits to broiler farm locations and practical work on making organic fertilizer for 30 training participants. Lectures and practical work on making organic fertilizer were carried out at the Animal Production Laboratory of the Animal Husbandry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University. The results of the activity showed an increase in understanding of the management of waste from broiler farms to be managed properly. The conclusion of the Community Service Program Training on Making Organic Fertilizer Using Broiler Manure is as follows: This training succeeded in increasing 92,56 percent the knowledge, competence and skills of participants regarding the processing of broiler waste (litter) into quality organic fertilizer; This training provides an effective solution to overcome the problem of broiler waste (litter) accumulation in the livestock environment; This training changed the perspective of training participants on producing and commercializing organic fertilizer, so that it can increase the income of farmers.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of goat manure and liquid organic fertilizer made from coffee husk waste on the growth of Java tea (Orthosiphon aristatus) cuttings. The study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of two factors with 48 plots. The first factor was the application of goat manure, symbolized as “S,” with four treatment levels: S0 (without goat manure), S1 (250 g/polybag), S2 (350 g/polybag), and S3 (450 g/polybag). The second factor was the application of liquid organic fertilizer made from coffee husk waste, symbolized as “K,” with four treatment levels: K0 (0 ml/L water/polybag), K1 (30 ml/L water/polybag), K2 (60 ml/L water/polybag), and K3 (90 ml/L water/polybag). Thus, there were 16 treatment combinations with three replications. The parameters observed in this study were the time of shoot emergence, number of shoots, shoot length, number of leaves, plant height, and survival percentage. The results showed that the application of goat manure and liquid organic fertilizer from coffee husk waste on the growth of Java tea (Orthosiphon aristatus) cuttings had no significant effect on all observed parameters.

Dependence on chemical fertilizers has caused a decline in soil quality, groundwater contamination, and rising agricultural production costs due to unstable fertilizer prices. In recent years, frequent fertilizer crises have revealed the fragility of reliance on inorganic fertilizers within the national agricultural system. Hence, a transformation toward environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture is urgently required. This study employed a scoring technique to analyze field observation data, which were narrated based on the written methodology. Respondents’ answers were categorized and classified according to their assumptions or opinions, with scores determined using a Likert scale. The Likert scale measures attitudes, opinions, and perceptions of individuals or groups regarding specific social phenomena. The results showed that key driving factors—such as affordable fertilizer prices, support from agricultural extension workers, and social encouragement from the community—achieved scores above 82%. This finding indicates that external conditions are quite favorable for promoting the use of organic fertilizers. However, major challenges remain, including the limited availability of organic fertilizers in the field and farmers’ long-standing dependency on chemical fertilizers. To address these challenges, it is essential to enhance the market availability of liquid organic fertilizers (POC) through collaboration between producers and farmer groups. Continuous technical assistance should be provided, including demonstration plots that display tangible improvements in rice yields using POC. Furthermore, government support in the form of targeted subsidies or special incentives for farmers transitioning to organic fertilizers is vital, while strengthening the role of farmer groups and agricultural extension workers as catalysts for the adoption of environmentally friendly innovations.

The primary goal of this Community Service Program (PKM) is to assist local farmers in utilizing rabbit urine waste—previously discarded into a value-added product in the form of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This innovation aims not only to enhance technical production skills but also to stimulate local economic growth through entrepreneurship based on local resources. The program involves several strategic steps: designing a simple fermentation device using a 20-liter bucket equipped with an airlock and digital thermometer; providing technical training in the LOF-making process, quality control, and hygiene standards; offering entrepreneurial mentoring in production management, financial recording, branding, and marketing; and developing local distribution networks through farmer groups and agricultural shops. The results show that partners can independently produce consistent-quality LOF, packaged in 600 ml bottles with simple labeling for commercial appeal. The program improves technical and entrepreneurial skills, increases farmers’ income, fosters cooperation, and supports sustainable agriculture through environmentally friendly waste utilization.

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of profitability and capital structure on corporate income tax (PPh) payable at PT Kediri Tani Sejahtera during 2018–2022. The research uses a quantitative descriptive approach with primary data obtained through interviews and documentation of the company’s financial statements, including annual income statements and balance sheets. The analysis involves calculating profitability ratios, namely Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE), as well as capital structure ratios, namely Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and comparing them with the annual corporate income tax payable. The results indicate that net profit before tax and PPh payable were below 4.8 billion IDR annually. Trend Moment analysis shows that profitability has a significant relationship with PPh payable, while capital structure also affects PPh, though not directly. The company’s asset size impacts depreciation recognized as an expense in the income statement, influencing the tax amount due. This study confirms that managing profitability and capital structure is crucial for tax planning and compliance in manufacturing companies, particularly in the organic fertilizer industry.

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of using NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer dosage on the growth and yield of white mustard (Brassica Pekinensis) ITTO variety to determine the effect of using organic kasgot biochar fertilizer on the growth and yield of white mustard (Brassica Pekinensis) ITTO variety  of white mustard (Brassica Pekinensis) ITTO variety to determine the interaction between the treatment of 16:16:16 fertilizer dosage and organic kasgot biochar fertilizer on the growth and yield of white mustard (Brassica Pekinensis) ITTO variety.This study was conducted in the land of UPT BIH (Horticulture Parent Seed Task Force Unit) Kutagadung, Berastagi District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra. The study was conducted in November 2023 - December 2023. This study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors, namely: Factor I. Provision of Kasgot Biochar Fertilizer (K) with 4 levels, namely: K0 = Control, K1 = 1 kg / plot, K2 = 2 Kg / plot. Factor II. Application of NPK Fertilizer 16:16:16 (P) with 4 levels, namely N0 = Control N1 = 10 grams/plot, N2 = 20 grams/plot, N3 = 30 grams/plot The results of the study showed that the Use of Kasgot Biochar Fertilizer (K) was significantly different from plant height, plant diameter, leaf width, fresh weight per crop of sample plants, fresh weight of plants per plot and production per hectare. The best treatment was the K2 treatment (2 kg/plot). The use of NPK Fertilizer (N) was significantly different from plant height, plant diameter, leaf width, fresh weight per crop of sample plants, fresh weight of plants per plot and production per hectare. The best treatment of N-P-K 16-16-16 fertilizer was the N3 treatment (30 grams/plot), and the Interaction of the use of Kasgot Biochar Fertilizer (K) and NPK Fertilizer (N) was not significantly different from plant height, plant diameter, leaf width, fresh weight per crop of sample plants, fresh weight of plants per plot and production per hectare.

The RUFSA Program (Rusa untuk Fertilizer Sustainable Agriculture) is an innovative initiative that transforms Timor deer (Rusa timorensis) manure waste from a conservation breeding site in Cakura Village, South Sulawesi, into organic biofertilizer. The program, implemented by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Makassar in collaboration with the local community, aims to reduce manure waste, support wildlife conservation, and provide environmentally friendly fertilizer for sustainable agriculture. The method involves collecting deer manure directly inside the enclosure, mixing it with water and EM4 activator, and regularly stirring to ensure sufficient oxygen supply during a 7–14 day aerobic fermentation process. This approach not only reduces organic waste and minimizes unpleasant odor but also decreases the risk of disease transmission. The resulting biofertilizer is applied to cultivate odot grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott), small trees, and ornamental plants such as bougainvillea (Bougainvillea sp.), demonstrating practical benefits for local agriculture. Economically, the program contributes to an annual saving of IDR 3,240,000 by reducing the dependency on chemical fertilizers. Beyond its economic outcomes, RUFSA also strengthens community participation in environmental management and raises awareness of the importance of sustainable practices. Furthermore, the program aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those related to food security, economic growth, responsible consumption and production, and terrestrial ecosystem conservation. Overall, the RUFSA Program exemplifies an integrative approach that combines conservation, waste management, and community empowerment to promote environmentally responsible and sustainable agricultural development.

The use of organic materials as fertilizers is an important effort to improve soil fertility and crop productivity sustainably. Gliricidia sepium (gamal leaves) is a leguminous plant rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and contains bioactive compounds and microbes that support plant growth. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from fermented gamal leaves offers advantages including ease of application, high nutrient absorption by plants, and environmental friendliness compared to synthetic chemical fertilizers that may cause pollution and other negative impacts. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LOF from gamal leaves on the growth and yield of Japanese cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, UKI Toraja, South Sulawesi, from April to July 2025. The LOF was produced by fermenting gamal leaves for 15 days using EM-4 solution and palm sugar as activators. The LOF was applied three times at two-week intervals, starting at 7 days after planting (DAP), by soil drenching around the base of the plants. Observed variables included plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, number of fruits per plant and per plot, average fruit diameter and length, and fruit weight per plant and per plot. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a 0.05 significance level. The results showed that application of LOF from gamal leaves at a dose of 300 ml per plant produced the best results across all observed parameters, including plant height, leaf number and area, stem diameter, fruit number, fruit size, and fruit weight per plant and per plot.

The growing demand for organic fertilizers as an alternative to chemical fertilizers is in line with increasing public awareness of environmentally friendly agriculture. Meanwhile, livestock waste, particularly rabbit urine, remains underutilized and is often discarded, despite its high nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content and potential as a raw material for liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This study aims to design and develop a simple technological innovation for processing rabbit urine into economically valuable LOF, offering new business opportunities for local communities. Another objective is to advance bioactivator-based processing technology to produce an effective, marketable, and eco-friendly organic fertilizer that enhances plant growth. The research employed an applied research method with an experimental approach, including collection and processing of rabbit urine, simple production of LOF, effectiveness testing on horticultural crops with local farmers, and analysis of business feasibility and local marketing strategies. The study resulted in a simple bioactivator-based technology for converting rabbit urine into LOF through a fermentation process of more than 14 days, producing fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The LOF improved horticultural crop growth by 25–30% compared to control plants. The group business model provides livestock farmers with new business opportunities, achieving profit margins between 40% and 50%. This research produced a replicable technology guide and usable LOF product, contributing to waste reduction and supporting sustainable agriculture through community-based entrepreneurship.

This study aims to examine the use of cattle waste as organic fertilizer to minimize agricultural operational costs in Mrawan Village, Tapen District, Bondowoso Regency. Cattle waste, particularly manure, is an abundant local resource that has not been optimally utilized by the local community. The majority of farmers in the village still rely on chemical fertilizers, which are relatively expensive and have a negative impact on long-term soil health. Therefore, this program is designed to provide a sustainable alternative solution through an educational approach and community empowerment. The methods used in this activity include outreach, technical training, and direct assistance in the process of making organic fertilizer from cow manure. Education focuses on simple fermentation techniques, the composition of natural additives, and appropriate fertilizer application methods. Farmers are actively involved in every stage of the activity, so they become not only beneficiaries but also agents of change in environmentally friendly agricultural practices. The results of the activity indicate that the use of organic fertilizer from cattle waste can reduce the cost of purchasing chemical fertilizers by up to 40% in a single planting season. In addition, organic fertilizer has been shown to increase soil fertility, improve soil structure, and support healthier plant growth. Environmental impacts are also reduced, as livestock waste management is more controlled and does not pollute water or air sources. Therefore, utilizing cattle waste as organic fertilizer not only reduces environmental pollution but also provides an economic and ecological solution that benefits local farmers. This program is expected to become a model for empowerment that can be replicated in other areas with similar characteristics.

The community service program in Kemiri Village aims to empower farmers through the use of local potential, especially moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera), as raw materials for liquid organic fertilizer (POC). This activity was carried out with a participatory and educational approach that directly involved farmer groups in technical training on making POC through simple fermentation methods using natural ingredients such as moringa leaves, rice washing water, organic waste, and local decomposers. Through this activity, farmers are taught stages ranging from the collection of ingredients, the process of shredding moringa leaves, mixing with complementary ingredients, to the correct fermentation techniques to produce high-quality fertilizer. The training is carried out by field demonstration methods, discussions, and hands-on practice, so that farmers not only gain theoretical knowledge, but also practical skills that can be applied independently. The results show a significant increase in farmers' knowledge, skills, and awareness of the importance of liquid organic fertilizer as an environmentally friendly alternative. In addition, the public's enthusiasm is getting higher after seeing real evidence that the use of POC moringa leaves is able to increase plant growth, crop quality, and reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers which are increasingly expensive and have the potential to damage the soil. This program not only provides economic benefits through the cost efficiency of agricultural production, but also has a positive impact on environmental conservation. This activity is expected to be a model of community empowerment based on local potential that can be replicated in other regions with similar conditions. The success of the program shows that simple innovations that utilize local resources, if managed well, can support sustainable agriculture and food security for rural communities.

Turmeric is a spice commodity that has high economic market potential. However, the utilization of turmeric, especially in Kunden Village, Sukoharjo Regency is still limited in terms of processing innovation, and creates organic waste that has not been optimally utilized, namely turmeric leaves. The Village Development Program, carried out a zero waste-based transformation through the manufacture of gummy spices from rhizomes and liquid organic fertilizer from turmeric leaf waste. This activity is with the farmer women's group of Tani Lestari, with stages of socialization, training, and practice. The results of this program show that the farmer women's group of Tani Lestari members are able to understand product processing innovations in the form of turmeric gummy and optimize turmeric leaf waste into liquid organic fertilizer. Gummy turmeric is a functional food product that is good for health, while liquid organic fertilizer is an alternative to reducing organic waste from turmeric leaves to support sustainable agriculture. The provision of e-modules strengthens the sustainability of the program even after the activity has ended. Zero waste-based innovation not only encourages community participation, especially farmer women's group in village development based on local resources, but also creates a community that is adaptive to progress.

Coffee production generates large amounts of solid waste, particularly coffee pulp, which can lead to environmental pollution if not properly managed. This study investigates the utilization of coffee pulp waste as a liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) and its effect on the growth of Arabica coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica L.). The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 ml/L of LOF) and five replications. Observations were made on seedling height, stem diameter, and number of leaves over a four-month period. The results showed that the application of LOF had a significant effect on plant height and number of leaves. The highest increase in height and leaf count was observed in the 30 ml/L treatment, while the 40 ml/L treatment showed a slight decline, possibly due to nutrient oversaturation. However, stem diameter did not show a statistically significant difference among treatments. Correlation analysis indicated a strong positive relationship between plant height and leaf number (r = 0.800), suggesting synchronized vegetative growth. These findings demonstrate the potential of coffee pulp LOF as an eco-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers in coffee seedling nurseries. Further research is recommended to evaluate long-term effects and optimal dosages for different growth stages.

Horticultural commodities are an important component in the development of agriculture that continues to grow. In order to fulfill family nutrition, horticultural cultivation is one of the routine jobs of farmers in Kawangu Village, Pandawai District-East Sumba which is located in a coastal area with an altitude of 40 meters above sea level. The soil conditions that are more dominated by sand and rocks cause farmers in the location to experience obstacles in fulfilling organic fertilizers as an important input in the process of cultivating horticultural plants. This community service activity is expected to provide new knowledge about making solid organic fertilizers so that farmers can apply them to horticultural plants. Community service activities are carried out using the PRA (Participatory Rural Approach) method including observation, problem identification, counseling, making solid organic fertilizers, mentoring and evaluation. Through this activity, farmers have succeeded in making solid organic fertilizers using local materials available around the horticultural land and have been applied directly in the cultivation of horticultural plants. This community service has been successfully implemented independently by farmers by utilizing leaf litter and livestock manure around the horticultural land.

Lake Toba, designated as a National Tourism Strategic Area, faces ecological disruption due to the invasive Red Devil fish (Amphilophus labiatus), which threatens the sustainability of native aquatic species. This study aims to enhance the knowledge of the Tapian Nauli farmer group in Hariara Pohan Village, Samosir Regency, in utilizing the Red Devil fish as Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) and processed food. Methods employed include agricultural extension activities, practical demonstrations, pre-tests and post-tests, and evaluation through questionnaires. Results showed a significant improvement in farmers' knowledge after the extension, with 70% moving from the "poor" to "good" category. The Red Devil fish was successfully processed into LOF through fermentation using molasses, starbio, and pineapple, and into shredded fish (abon) as a food product. Farmers responded positively to the idea of Red Devil abon as a potential household business opportunity, given the fish's abundance and low cost. Evaluation of the extension activities revealed a high level of suitability with an average score of 96.33%, covering material content, delivery methods, and instructional media. This study demonstrates that locally based extension approaches can effectively empower farmers to convert invasive pests into value-added products, while fostering economic opportunities rooted in local resources.

Pengelolaan sampah yang efektif menjadi tantangan global yang memerlukan solusi berkelanjutan. Kepala Departemen Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi (Kadepiptek) Akademi Angkatan Laut (AAL), Kolonel Marinir Kakung Priyambodo, memprakarsai inisiatif pengelolaan sampah di lingkungan Kesatrian AAL untuk diolah menjadi kompos. Langkah ini bertujuan mengurangi volume sampah, mendaur ulang nutrisi untuk kesuburan tanah, menghemat sumber daya alam, dan menyediakan solusi berkelanjutan. Program ini sejalan dengan upaya membangun kesadaran lingkungan di kalangan generasi muda. Hasil program menunjukkan manfaat signifikan bagi kebersihan lingkungan, peningkatan kualitas tanah, serta kontribusi pada visi keberlanjutan jangka panjang