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The capital market plays a significant role in modern economies by providing a platform for individuals and companies to raise funds and invest. This study explores the dynamics of capital market investments, focusing on managing risks and maximizing returns. The objective is to understand the types of risks involved in capital market investments and identify strategies for effective risk management. The research uses qualitative methods, reviewing literature and analyzing case studies of successful capital market investments. The findings suggest that diversification, hedging, and portfolio management are key strategies in minimizing risks, while long-term investments and active trading offer significant profit potential. The study concludes that a deep understanding of market conditions, coupled with risk management techniques, is essential for investors to achieve sustainable profits. The implications of this research highlight the importance of financial education in making informed investment decisions and the role of the capital market in economic growth.

This study examines and compares the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) with the Sharia Compliance Asset Pricing Model (SCAPM) in constructing an optimal stock portfolio based on the sharia stock index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, specifically the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII), during the 2019–2023 period. The primary aim is to evaluate whether the SCAPM, which incorporates mudharabah profit-sharing returns in place of the risk-free rate, offers more relevant insights for Muslim investors compared to the CAPM. Utilizing a quantitative approach and a two-step regression method, the research develops an optimal portfolio by calculating stock betas and analyzing the relationship between systematic risk and expected returns. The findings reveal that neither the CAPM nor the SCAPM models are valid for predicting risk and expected returns for the JII's optimal stock portfolio. This study is intended to guide sharia-compliant investors in making informed decisions and assist investment managers in designing strategies aligned with Islamic financial principles.

Research of stock portfolio performance based on market to book value (PBV) and market capitalization are still a debate and pro kontra. The purpose of this research is to analyze the performance of stock portfolio based on PBV and market capitalization. The samples of this study Jakarta Islamic Indeks (JII)  during periode 2020-2022. Total Observation of 60 was determined by purposive sampling method. Performance of stock portfolio based on PBV is devided by 2 format stock portfolios, namely: PBV high and PBV low. For market capitalization is devided by 2 format stock portfolio namely : big market capitalization and small market capitalization. All of them are measured by Risk  Adjusted Return (index of Sharpe and Treynor). The result of these research is stock portfolio performance namely PBV low is outperform than PBV high, big market capitalization and small market capitalization which measured by index Sharpe and index Treynor during periode 2020 – 2022 at Jakarta Islamic Indeks (JII). The implication of this study suggests to perform of  stock performance namely PBV low which havethe  potential high earning growth because PBV less than one, means undervalued.

This research aims to describe the planning, implementation and evaluation of instilling religious and moral values ​​in Mardhotilah Kindergarten, Gunung Kembang Village, Sarolangun District Jambi. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research conducted in kindergarten with the research subjects being the school principal, teachers and children. Data collection was carried out using interview, observation and documentation techniques. Data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. Data validity is carried out by triangulating sources and techniques. The research results show; 1) Planning is made by the teacher as a religious team which is arranged into a Semester (Prosem), Weekly Program Plan (RPPM) specifically for instilling religious and moral values, which is divided into seven aspects, namely, aqidah, akhlaq, worship, memorizing letters, memorizing prayers/hadith, Al-Qur'an signals, and mahfudhot; and RPPH. 2) In its implementation, instilling religious and moral values ​​uses various methods, including the habituation method, the example method, the field trip method, the storytelling method and the play method which are applied in various activities carried out by children from the time the child arrives at school until the child returns home from school; 3) Evaluation is carried out through observation assessments, anecdotal notes and portfolios for semester report cards as well as follow-up programs in the form of enrichment; 4) If there are non-Muslim students, the school gives students the option to choose other universal subjects.

This study aims to find out how much expected return and optimal portfolio risk and the best model between the Markowitz model and the single index model in forming optimal portfolios in banking sub-sector companies for the 2018-2022 period. This type of research includes applied quantitative descriptive. The research data uses secondary data in the form of stock closing prices, JCI and monthly BIC interest rates. The survey population is 29 companies. Data analysis uses the Markowitz model and single index model. The results showed that the stocks that make up the optimal portfolio with the Markowitz model are 12 company stocks that provide an expected return of 1.41%, an absolute risk of 4.48%, and a relative risk of 318.96%. While the single index model consists of 10 company stocks that provide an expected return of 4.65%, an absolute risk of 10.21%, and a relative risk of 219.68%. The research results are expected to contribute to investors, that the single index model is better than the Markowitz model.

Sumi Lala.202010325238. Portofolio Construction On The Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) Using The Markowitz method (Empirical Study Of Kompas 100 period December 2014 – September 2023). Investment development is currently very rapid. Ownership of 2 or more items can called a portofolio.Investments will experience increases and decreases in the portofolio. This research aims to understand the level of  return of portofolios formed through Markowitz and also a comparison between portfolios returm with market capitalization and weighting. The shares in the portfolio are shares listed on the Kompas 100 Index. This research uses end of month data for the period December 2014 to September 2023.The results of this research found that 61 shares included in the portolio did not have a negative weight.the next result of this research is that the market rate of return portolio (IHSG) Significantly influences the rate of return of the portfolio that has been formed based on market capitalization significantly 1% Other macro variables US Dollar exchange rate.Interest rates and oil prices do not significantly affect the rate of return portfolios formed based on Market Capitalization.

This study investigates the contribution of Islamic banks in supporting green economy initiatives and promoting sustainable financial growth. Employing a quantitative research design, the study utilizes secondary data collected from annual reports, sustainability disclosures, and carbon emission reports of Islamic banks for the period 2018–2024. The research aims to examine the relationship between green financing portfolios and key financial performance indicators Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) while evaluating the environmental impact through carbon emission reduction. Descriptive statistics provide an overview of green financing activities and financial ratios, while multiple regression analysis assesses the effect of green financing on sustainable financial performance, controlling for bank size, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, and inflation. An independent sample t-test compares Islamic and conventional banks in terms of ethical compliance, environmental contribution, and profitability. The findings reveal that Islamic banks allocate a higher proportion of financing to green projects, achieving significant carbon emission reductions without compromising financial performance. The green financing portfolio exhibits a positive and significant effect on sustainable financial growth, and larger banks demonstrate a greater capacity to implement sustainability initiatives. The comparative analysis confirms that Islamic banks outperform conventional counterparts in environmental and ethical dimensions while maintaining comparable profitability. These results underscore the potential of Sharia-compliant banking to integrate ethical, environmental, and economic objectives, positioning Islamic financial institutions as key actors in advancing a sustainable, low-carbon financial system.

This literature study aims to introduce the main fundamental analysis and stock valuation methods that daily equity traders apply in choosing stocks for their active equity portfolios. Daily equities traders rely mostly on technical charts and other tools to identify patterns that can suggest potential activity without assessing a stock’s intrinsic value for trading decisions. Chart analysis is designed to find trades with high probability outcomes by establishing precise price targets. The goal of this technical paper is to emphasize the significance of fundamental analysis in the investment choices of daily traders. Fundamental analysis is based on the careful comparisons of a stock’s intrinsic value to the current market price. If the stock’s intrinsic value is higher than the market price, it is reasonable for a fundamental investor/trader to purchase the stock. This paper endorses the idea that using both investment techniques would result in more successful investing decisions for equities traders.

Parties or companies that manage their customers' managed funds into various investment instruments are known as investment managers in mutual funds. Mutual funds are highly recommended for novice investors because of their low capital and risk compared to other types of investment. In managing mutual funds, the investment manager is responsible for the securities portfolio and the collective investment portfolio. The portfolio is intended to minimize the risks that occur when managing investments, with the existence of a portfolio it is expected that the returns expected by investors can be achieved optimally in managing mutual funds. In managing mutual funds, there are always mistakes in anticipating the return expected by investors. Default is one example of an error that occurs. There are two causes of default: debtor (customer) and force majeure (overmacht or force majeure).