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This study aims to identify the pragmatic failures of Large Language Models (LLMs) and the biases of Anglophone-based AI moderation algorithms in detecting Indonesian hate speech expressed through sarcasm, satire, euphemism, and local cultural metaphors. It also examines the extent to which AI systems understand and interpret the pragmatic meanings within the corpus. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach with a comparative design. Data were collected through the documentation of hate speech expressions on social media containing elements of local cultural hatred. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods with pragmatic and thematic approaches. The findings show that all corpus data contain political satire and indirect hate expressed through irony, sarcasm, absurd metaphors, and popular culture wordplay. Testing with Claude AI showed that the system was capable of identifying the data as implicit criticism and recognizing the pragmatic functions of emoticons and contextual meanings in the utterances. However, the analysis also demonstrated limitations in understanding local sociocultural contexts, particularly the metaphors “daun nangka” and “daun sawit,” which were interpreted merely as absurd humor. These findings indicate that AI detection accuracy does not necessarily reflect a deep pragmatic and cultural understanding within the Indonesian context.

Literary works are not only created for entertainment, but also to describe human life, which is full of values and moral issues. William Shakespeare's play ‘Timon of Athens’, which shows how a person is tested when betrayed by wealth, power, and friendship. This study aims to examine how morality is depicted in the play using Friedrich Nietzsche's theory of ‘master morality’ and ‘slave morality’. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method by analysing excerpts from the dialogue in the play “Timon of Athens” that demonstrate moral values. The results show that this play mostly depicts slave morality (65%), as Timon transforms from a kind and proud figure into someone filled with hatred and resentment after being betrayed. Meanwhile, master morality (35%) appears at the beginning of the story when he is still strong, confident, and generous. According to Nietzsche, master morality reflects strength, pride, independence, and the ability to create one’s own values, while slave morality emerges from weakness, suffering, and resentment as a reaction to disappointment or oppression. Overall, Timon of Athens illustrates how life changes and deep betrayal can cause a shift from the confidence and generosity of master morality to the bitterness and hatred found in slave morality.  

The role of Darul Falah Islamic Boarding School's policy in instilling an attitude of tasamuh (tolerance) among students amidst the challenges of the digital era is the subject of this research. In addition to offering many conveniences, the digital era has also become a tool for spreading exclusive ideologies, hoaxes, and hatred that threaten tolerance. As an Islamic educational institution, Islamic boarding schools have a responsibility to protect their students. This research collected data through in-depth interviews with Islamic boarding school leaders, ustadz, and students, as well as observation activities and analysis of policy documents (qanun). A qualitative approach, case study method, was used. The results of the study show that Darul Falah Islamic Boarding School implements three levels of policy: (1) Curricular Policy that focuses on the study of moderate yellow books (fiqh muqaranah and tasawuf) as the theological basis of tasamuh; (2) Student Policy that encourages discussion and interaction (such as bahtsul masail) with strict sanctions for bullying; and (3) Digital Adaptive Policy that establishes strict regulations on the use of gadgets and the "Ngaji Cyber-Akhlaq" program.

Social media has become a new communication space that allows for the rapid and widespread dissemination of information, including on public issues. One of the platforms that is often used is social media X (formerly Twitter), where users can express their opinions and shape public perception. This study is entitled "The Influence of Hate Speech by Admin @keretacepatid on Patrick Kluivert (National Team Coach) on the Level of Followers' Perception on Social Media X" which aims to determine how hatred influences the formation of perceptions of social media users. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method and data collection techniques through online questionnaires to followers of the @keretacepatid account. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant influence of hatred on followers' perceptions. Some respondents showed a dominant attitude, namely agreeing with the negative narrative built by the account against Patrick Kluivert, while others were in a negotiating position, namely understanding the context of the speech but still considering Kluivert's professional background as a national team coach. This finding is the importance of ethical and responsible digital communication management in shaping public opinion in the era of social media.

Egoism is an attitude that prioritizes individual interests, this attitude is not in accordance with Islamic teachings. In Islam, egoism is strictly prohibited because it will have a negative impact on many people. There are many arguments from both the Qur’an and Sunnah which explain that egoism is very bad for all parties, whether individuals, groups, or even a country. Hadith also views that this attitude of egoism is very dangerous, as the Messenger of Allah conveyed a message to his people that in the future after he died, there would be egoistic anitudes, so be patient with him until we meet again at the lake. Egoism is very dangerous because it will cause several negative impacts, including: division, hostility, hatred, breaking ties and degrading each other. There are several ways to avoid egoism, including: Be patient, understand egoism towards yourself or others, pay attention to others, increase empathy, pay attention to cognitive bias, help others sincerely, and listen to other people who are talking or telling stories.

This study aims to describe the characteristics of spiritual leadership in the interpretation of Qs. Al-Maidah verse 8. A qualitative-descriptive approach is used in this study and the type of research conducted is library research. The findings obtained are essentially in the Islamic perspective, leadership is a sacred responsibility mandate carried out by individuals to direct themselves, others, and even society as a whole towards shirathal mustaqim based on the principles of Islamic teachings. In Qs. Al-Maidah verse 8, believers are ordered to carry out their work carefully, honestly and sincerely because of Allah, both religious and worldly affairs. Thus, the characteristics of spiritual leadership in Qs. Al-Maidah verse 8 include: (1) upholding justice because of Allah, (2) not being driven by hatred, (3) honesty, (4) being pious to Allah, and (5) being aware of Allah's supervision.

This study aims to describe: (1) the meaning of utterances containing conventional implicatures in the novel ‘The Years of The Voiceless’ by Okky Madasari, (2) define the function of utterances containing conventional implicatures in the novel ‘The Years of The Voiceless’ by Okky Madasari, and (3) describe the types of utterances containing conventional implicatures in the ‘The Years of The Voiceless’ by Okky Madasari based on Grice’s theory about implicature. The research method was descriptive qualitative method. The data in this study are sentences in utterances containing implicature. The data in this study were obtained by reading, recording and note-taking techniques. The findings are as follows. There are 8 forms of conventional implicature found. Based on the results of the classification that has been done, there are four intentions, 1 utterance of the intention of commanding, 1 utterance of the intention of pride, 1 utterance of the intention of giving information. Types of utterances that contain conventional implicatures in the novel 'The Years of The Voiceless'. Each implicature has a function. The function of conventional implicatures in the novel can be categorized into three functions, namely 1. implicatures that function as persuasive or persuade, 1 implicature that functions as directive, namely giving advice, 1 implicature that functions as expressive, namely showing hatred. Based on the results of the classification that has been done, there are two classifications, 1 type of declarative speech (statement), 1 type of imperative speech (command).

religious extremism often arises from a narrow understanding of religious teachings, which leads to hatred and violence. leading to hatred and violence. This article examines how the teaching ofradical love in the Gospel of Luke can be a solution to overcome religious extremism. religious extremism. Radical love in Luke teaches the importance of loving enemies, accepting unconditionally, and promoting peace. This teaching has three main functions: encouraging change in individuals and society, reducing tensions between groups, and replacing hatred with love.As such, Luke's radical love becomes a practical approach to create peace and reduce conflicts brought about by extremism in society.

Cyberbullying is an action intended to embarrass, intimidate, spread ugliness and hatred in cyber media. One of the cyber media is social media ask.fm. Cyberbullying often occurs in teenagers, this can affect the emotions of teenagers who are still quite unstable in controlling their emotions. In this research, the problem formulated is whether there is an influence of cyberbullying on social media ask.fm on the emotional development of teenagers. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of cyberbullying on ask.fm social media on adolescent emotional disorders. The research method used is a survey research method using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The catharsis theory used in this research states that catharsis is a clearing of emotional conflict within oneself through talking about it and the deindividuation theory states that there is a feeling of loss of personal identity and the emergence of anonymity in the group. The anonymous feature on ask.fm social media provides opportunities for perpetrators to carry out cyberbullying on ask.fm. The sample in this study was 30 students, who had been victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying. Hypothesis testing shows Tcount ≥ Ttable (3.049 ≥ 1.660) so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, so this means that these two variables have a significant influence. This research showed that teenagers dared to carry out attacks only through the social media ask.fm, with anonymous facilities that made it easy for the perpetrators to express all their frustration without their identities being known. And as victims, teenagers generally reject it by responding emotionally.

Sufism is a branch of Islam that emphasizes spiritual pursuit and self-purification to achieve closeness to God. In the Sufism perspective, mental illness is not only seen as a medical condition but also as a spiritual crisis. Mental illness is often thought to be the result of an imbalance in a person's relationship with God and their environment. Sufis believe that true mental health can only be achieved through cleansing the heart and soul of negative traits such as envy, hatred and greed. This process involves dhikr (remembrance of God), meditation and other spiritual practices aimed at strengthening the relationship with God and improving morals. Sufism also emphasizes the importance of living a simple and loving life and avoiding materialistic temptations that can lead a person away from the spiritual path. Thus the treatment of mental illness in Sufism does not only focus on the psychological aspect but also includes the spiritual dimension, which is considered essential for achieving balance and inner peace. This view emphasizes that true healing requires a holistic approach that integrates psychological therapy with spiritual practices, so that a person can again find the meaning of life and closeness to God, which ultimately brings peace and mental well-being.

Christian teenagers represent a young generation with great potential and hope as the successors of the church. In the rapidly evolving digital era, Christian teenagers often do not use social media wisely. Many of them use social media as a platform to express hatred, insults, and spread false news. This research aims to formulate effective strategies that can help Christian teenagers strengthen their faith in God through social media. The research method used is qualitative, by collecting various references from journal articles, books, and other internet sources. Christian teenagers have the opportunity to listen to God's word through live broadcasts or videos on platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, and other applications. Additionally, they can build positive online communities and be good role models in the virtual world. Thus, Christian teenagers can strengthen their relationship with God through the proper use of social media.  

Cyberbullying is an action intended to embarrass, intimidate, spread ugliness and hatred in cyber media. One of the cyber media is social media ask.fm. Cyberbullying often occurs in teenagers, this can affect the emotions of teenagers who are still quite unstable in controlling their emotions. In this research, the problem formulated is whether there is an influence of cyberbullying on social media ask.fm on the emotional development of teenagers. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of cyberbullying on ask.fm social media on adolescent emotional disorders. The research method used is a survey research method using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The catharsis theory used in this research states that catharsis is a clearing of emotional conflict within oneself through talking about it and the deindividuation theory states that there is a feeling of loss of personal identity and the emergence of anonymity in the group. The anonymous feature on ask.fm social media provides opportunities for perpetrators to carry out cyberbullying on ask.fm. The sample in this study was 30 students, who had been victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying. Hypothesis testing shows Tcount ≥ Ttable (3.049 ≥ 1.660) so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, so this means that these two variables have a significant influence. This research showed that teenagers dared to carry out attacks only through the social media ask.fm, with anonymous facilities that made it easy for the perpetrators to express all their frustration without their identities being known. And as victims, teenagers generally reject it by responding emotionally.  

Starbucks is one of the international coffee companies affected by falling shares due to a boycott triggered by their alleged support for alleged Israeli crimes. To overcome this market turmoil, Starbucks is trying to carry out a series of strategies so that it can still be accepted by the market. This research aims to analyze Starbucks' marketing strategy regarding the decline in shares due to product boycotts. The research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data was obtained through search results and observations on various sites and related databases. The research results show that Starbucks has implemented a marketing strategy that focuses on clarifying its stance and commitment to human values, launching aggressive promotions, launching new products, collaborating with K-Pop idols, improving customer service, and taking advantage of the Ramadan momentum. In addition, Starbucks has also emphasized its dedication to social responsibility and human rights through statements on Starbucks' official website and Instagram. The company is concerned about all forms of actions that incite hatred and violence, and also expresses sympathy for the victims and support for global peace initiatives. These efforts aim to restore Starbucks' brand image and rebuild customer trust, while addressing the concerns that led to the product boycott. By focusing on these human values, promotions, and improving customer service, Starbucks is working to regain its market position and continue to grow in the international coffee industry

This writing focuses on catechesis services, which are an integral part of ecclesiastical life for Christian believers. It is important for deepening the understanding of faith truths and their implementation in daily life within the social community. In this context, it aims to explore the relationship between theological understanding and practice in catechesis services for religious communities within the Christian context. Through a reflective theological approach, the author discusses how catechesis services can serve as a means to strengthen the foundation of believers' faith, integrate the teachings of Jesus Christ with the concrete experiences of Christian believers, and facilitate spiritual growth. The everyday reality is that in the struggle of life as a Christian, many still do not know Jesus Christ, as seen in our tendency to harbor mutual hatred towards one another. The methodology employed in this academic work includes literature review and practical findings from participating in a community service program at SMAK Bakti Luhur. The findings suggest that as followers of Jesus Christ, we must always acknowledge Him as the Savior of humanity, the only begotten Son of God the Father, and we, as believers, represent His presence in the world    

This writing focuses on catechesis services, which are an integral part of ecclesiastical life for Christian believers. It is important for deepening the understanding of faith truths and their implementation in daily life within the social community. In this context, it aims to explore the relationship between theological understanding and practice in catechesis services for religious communities within the Christian context. Through a reflective theological approach, the author discusses how catechesis services can serve as a means to strengthen the foundation of believers' faith, integrate the teachings of Jesus Christ with the concrete experiences of Christian believers, and facilitate spiritual growth. The everyday reality is that in the struggle of life as a Christian, many still do not know Jesus Christ, as seen in our tendency to harbor mutual hatred towards one another. The methodology employed in this academic work includes literature review and practical findings from participating in a community service program at SMAK Bakti Luhur. The findings suggest that as followers of Jesus Christ, we must always acknowledge Him as the Savior of humanity, the only begotten Son of God the Father, and we, as believers, represent His presence in the world    

This study aims to analyze the impact of hoax news on bullying behavior in SMP Nasrani 2 Medan. The proliferation of hoax news, facilitated by social media, has become a concerning issue affecting various aspects of society. Bullying, a prevalent problem among children and adolescents, manifests in various forms such as verbal, physical, and psychological abuse. Both phenomena have significant implications for individuals and communities, leading to distrust, conflict, and unhealthy societal values.Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research delves into the dynamics between hoax news and bullying behavior among students at SMP Nasrani 2 Medan. Data collection involves literature review and observation of student characteristics, facilitated by interviews with students, class teachers, and school principals. The analysis interprets the relationship between misinformation and bullying behavior, aiming to identify patterns and insights to understand their impact comprehensively. The findings underscore the intertwined nature of hoax news and bullying behavior. Hoax news spreads rapidly through social media, exacerbating tensions and conflicts among students. Fear, hatred, and prejudice triggered by misinformation can fuel bullying behaviors, perpetuating a cycle of intimidation and harassment. The study reveals the importance of addressing both phenomena holistically to create a safe and inclusive school environment. Strategies to mitigate the impact of hoax news on bullying include education and awareness campaigns, strengthening school policies, fostering collaboration with parents, and implementing disciplinary measures. Teachers play a crucial role in educating students about critical thinking and empathy, recognizing signs of bullying, and mediating conflicts. By adopting a proactive and collaborative approach, schools can effectively address the challenges posed by hoax news and bullying, fostering a positive learning environment for all students.

This research is motivated by observational data showing "Student Awareness That They Are Perpetrators of Verbal Sexual Harassment in the World of Education" to respond to this, the researchers conducted research at Senior High School (SMA) which aims to find out students' far-reaching responses about (1) an increase in verbal sexual? (2) Angry away knowledge of forms of verbal sexual hatred? (3) Who is the perpetrator of verbal abuse that is most often found in the world of education? This research was conducted at a high school with a total of 65 respondents. This research measured all areas that the researcher wanted to know, namely: Analysis of the Average Verbal Sexual Harassment Ever Made by Respondents; Analysis of Respondents' Average Awareness Regarding Indecent Comments; Intimidating and seducing questions or interrogations about personal life; Whistling To Strangers; As well as Telling Dirty or Dirty Jokes to Someone is a Form of Verbal Sexual Harassment; Analysis of Respondents' Awareness That Men Can Also Become Victims of Verbal Sexual Harassment; Analysis of Average People Contacted When Experiencing Acts of Verbal Sexual Harassment; Average Analysis of Whether Respondents Have Had Discussions With Peers Or Have Ever Searched for Information Regarding Verbal Sexual Harassment Independently; Analysis of the Average Actions and Resistance Respondents Take If They or Their Friends are Perpetrators of Verbal Sexual Harassment

This study was conducted to analyze the classification of emotions of the main character in the novel 00.00 by Ameylia falensia using David Krech”s theory. The purpose of this tudy is determine the emotional  structure of the main characters in the novel that is the object of research. The concepts of gulit, seld-punishment, shame, hatred, and love become the main quotes in the novel 00.00 by Ameylia Falensia. The results showed that the main character in the novel experienced a wide range of emotions related to family problems and events. This study uses a comprehensive literary research methology to identify the emotional structure of the main characters and clasisify the emotions of the main characters in the novel that became the object og research. Thus, it can be concluded that the emotion of all Lengkara characters that is dominant arises in Lengkara, namely the emotion of sadness wich leads to aspects of losing something important to cause disappointment. While the less dominant emotion appears in Lengkara, namely the emotion of the concept of guilt which is characterized by aspects contrary to ethics and moral values.

The realization of religious moderation in a multi-cultural society is a must, with religious moderation, peace can be realized mutual respect, respect and tolerance as a foundation for developing social life in society. With religious moderation, peaceful life goes well among people of different faiths.  Religious moderation guides the right religious way for believers. Every religion teaches compassion and peace, so why look at others with hatred. In order to realize interaction with the foundation of religious moderation, a massive movement is needed, one of which is through learning at educational institutions. Research aims to contribute to the growth of harmony among human beings a necessity, because every religion teaches goodness. Religion is not used as a tool to justify behaviour that actually causes unrest and conflict.

Problems regarding legal justice in cases spread across cyberspace have given rise to paradigm shifts and conflicts in viewing the application of a legal system or product as a means of buying and selling to achieve certain goals such as personal satisfaction which can be very detrimental to other parties. The main focus of improving the ITE Law must be on flexible articles, with the main aim of protecting freedom of opinion as a crucial element in the survival of democracy. Articles that are susceptible to multiple interpretations require proof and data support, especially regarding sanctions for creators and spreaders of hoaxes. Therefore, input from various parties is very necessary to fulfill people's aspirations and answer the nation's needs in the future. Criticism that is based on facts must be respected, while criticism that is slanderous and provocative must face legal consequences. The ITE Law is not aimed at curbing freedom of opinion, but rather at responding to the actions of creators and spreaders of hoaxes, slander and provocation in society. The government is concerned that undemocratic electronic information regulation could undermine national unity and give free rein to unethical content creation. In fact, there are parties who systematically produce and spread content that contains hatred, based on SARA, pornography, radicalism and terrorism through the use of robots, with motives that can be political or economic.