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The predictive role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of human pregnancy is of particular interest, as oxidative stress is increased in normotensive pregnant women through systemic inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). This study involved 40 consenting pregnant women recruited from St. Philomina Catholic Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. Data obtained were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM, with a P-value of ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Malondialdehyde (MDA) increased from 3.75 ± 0.42 U/L in normotensive women to 4.53 ± 0.59 U/L in preeclamptic women. However, this increase was not statistically significant (p<0.05; 0.2903). Catalase activity decreased from 114 ± 8.07 U/L in normotensive women to 84.02 ± 21.58 U/L in preeclamptic women, but this decrease was also not statistically significant (p<0.05; 0.1909). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased from 40.82 ± 1.23 U/L in normotensive women to 71.90 ± 5.61 U/L in preeclamptic women. This increase was statistically significant (p<0.05; <0.0001). Glutathione peroxidase (GSH) decreased from 66.74 ± 10.35 U/L in normotensive women to 50.63 ± 8.96 U/L in preeclamptic women, but this decrease was not statistically significant (p<0.05; 0.2466). These findings suggest the potential predictive roles of these biomarkers in identifying and monitoring preeclampsia.

This study aims to analyse informed consent, legal protection and health workers in the Regional General Hospital of West Papua Province. The research method used is a quantitative approach. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis and verification analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. The descriptive method focuses on describing and analysing the research results and the verification method is used to test the relationship between variables. The sample consisted of 35 respondents who were taken using saturated sampling technique. The results of descriptive analysis showed that in the variables of informed consent, legal protection, and health workers were in the category of very unaware of the insights of health workers in the application of informed consent in emergency medical cases, and there were still some shortcomings that must be considered to be corrected. The results of this study indicate that statistically the results of verification tests with multiple linear regression analysis models show that the informed consent variable has a significant effect on health workers with a coefficient value of 0.542 and a p-value of 0.044. Legal protection also has a significant effect on health workers with a coefficient value of 1.755 and a p-value of 0.000. Meanwhile, informed consent, legal protection showed a significant effect simultaneously on health workers with an F value of 14,079 and a p-value of 0.000.

Ijab is a contract that is conveyed (pronounced) by the wife or guardian either at the beginning or at the end. Meanwhile, kabul is a statement of approval for the ijab that has been determined. The pronunciation used in the marriage contract should be able to show the intention of marriage, both in terms of material and substance. In this case, there is a difference of opinion among scholars. For this reason, according to the author, it is necessary to conduct a study on this. The method used by the author is normative juridical. Imam Hanafi and Imam Maliki argue that all redactions that indicate the intention of marriage can be used, then Imam Maliki adds a condition, namely accompanied by the mention of dowry. Meanwhile, according to Imam Shafi'i and Imam Hambali, the validity of marriage is only by the word nikah or marriage and derivatives of these two words.

Sexual harassment is a behavior with sexual connotations that is done without the consent of the intended person, including various forms such as physical, verbal, and non-verbal. In Indonesia, verbal sexual harassment such as catcalling is common but less recognized by society. Catcalling, which is often directed at women, is often considered trivial and not seen as a form of criminal offense. In fact, this act can have a serious psychological and emotional impact on the victim. Although there is still a lack of understanding about the Sexual Violence Law, it is hoped that this law can provide legal protection for victims. The Criminal Code (KUHP) also regulates crimes of decency, but non-physical sexual harassment has not been specifically regulated, making law enforcement difficult. The problem of lack of legal awareness and the lack of regulations related to verbal sexual harassment are the main obstacles in providing protection to victims. From the above problems, the formulation of the problem to be sought is how the implementation of the law against the perpetrators of catcalling and whether the criminal law in Indonesia has been good enough in dealing with the criminal act of catcalling as a form of sexual harassment. This research was conducted using qualitative methods and inductive research, and research using deductive methods, and using an empirical juridical approach.

The practice of “All You Can Eat” (AYCE) is a food serving model where customers pay one fixed price to enjoy various types of all-you-can-eat dishes within a certain time limit. This concept has become a global trend and is widely implemented in Indonesia, especially in Japanese and Korean themed restaurants. As a modern form of muamalah, AYCE raises questions in the perspective of Islamic law because it involves aspects of economic transactions that must fulfill the pillars and conditions of buying and selling according to Islam. This study examines the mechanism of AYCE, starting from the payment system, time policy, and additional rules such as fines for uneaten food. In addition, it discusses the application of the pillars and conditions of buying and selling in Islam, which include clarity of goods, valid contracts, and voluntary consent of the parties involved. The main focus is on the potential element of uncertainty (gharar) in AYCE practices, especially regarding the different portions of food consumed by customers, which forms the basis of the Islamic legal analysis of this concept. This research aims to provide a comprehensive view of the relationship between the AYCE concept in the light of Islamic law.

Agrarian conflicts related to customary land rights in Indonesia, particularly due to the expansion of oil palm plantations, have become a complex issue that has had a major impact on the social, cultural, and economic lives of indigenous communities. Land conversion carried out without adequate consent from indigenous communities often results in unilateral land acquisition, which triggers prolonged conflict. This article discusses the strategic role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in protecting indigenous peoples' rights through legal assistance, policy advocacy, and mediation. NGOs play a role in strengthening the legal position of indigenous communities, raising awareness of their rights, and bridging communication between indigenous communities, the government, and companies. However, this role faces challenges in the form of limited authority, external pressure, and overlapping agrarian regulations. This article emphasizes the importance of recognizing indigenous peoples' rights, improving regulations, and an inclusive conflict resolution approach so that economic development can proceed without sacrificing the sustainability of indigenous peoples' lives and cultures.

The goal of this research is to find out how the policy for preventing and handling sexual violence is implemented for students on UMJ campus. The theory used is from of T.B. Smith which consists of several indicators, namely a) Idealized Policy; b) Target Group; c) Implementing Organization; and d) Environmental Factors. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Data obtained by observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research show that: 1) Idealized Policy, Muhammadiyah University Jakarta has derivative regulations, but they have not been massively informed; 2) Target Groups, namely this regulation is intended for students, but its implementation is not yet optimal; 3) Implementing Organization, UMJ has a PPKS institution which has a program concept, but students as a whole are not yet aware of the existence of this institution; 4) Environmental Factors, Permendikbudristek No. 30 of 2021 cannot be said to be completely in line with the Islamic campus cultural environment because the regulation contains the phrase 'without the victim's consent' which is biased in meaning. Apart from that, the shift in Islamic culture at UMJ was also caused by many factors, such as social, economic and political factors involving power relations.

Acts of sexual violence have now become a crucial issue regarding the moral decline in society. Sexual violence is a situation where a person experiences harassment in the form of inappropriate words and physical contact without mutual consent, resulting in discomfort for the victim.In fact, Article 28B Paragraph 2 of the 1945 Constitution states, 'Every child has the right to survive, grow, and develop, and has the right to protection from violence and discrimination.' However, in reality, many communities that still uphold patriarchal values often offer socially manipulative solutions, such as asking the victim to marry the perpetrator. Reflecting on this article, every human being has the right to be protected from acts of violence. However, the widespread sexual crimes against teenagers and the failure and injustice in handling such cases have become serious issues. Motivated by the spirit to prevent and address the problem of sexual violence, the service team implements sexual violence prevention education for the younger generation. This program is a child-friendly initiative that not only addresses sexual crimes but also serves as an educational platform. It is not limited to handling victims but also aims to break the vicious cycle involving teenagers as perpetrators of sexual violence. Therefore, this program is expected to answer, assist, and raise public awareness about the critical issue of sexual crimes in Indonesia.

Opioids have sedative properties and can lessen intraoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV), even if they may cause nausea and vomiting. The current work was aimed to evaluate the effect of anxiolytic dose of midazolam on Incidence of intraoperative nausea and vomiting during spinal cesarean section. The study was conducted from October 2023 to April 2024 with approval from the research and ethics committees of the university. once an informed consent form has been signed, full-term (90) pregnant participants were included, and scheduled for cesarean section (CS) under spinal anesthesia at Al-Shifa Private Hospital in Baqubah, Diyala. Data from all participants were analyzed. demographic data was non-significant (P≤0.05) variance in the experimental group compared with the control group. The mean blood pressure in both groups, as it was measured every 10 minutes, starting from 0 to 40 minutes of the operation, and there were no significant (P≤0.05) variance between the two groups. The findings showed that the 27 (60%) cases of Nausea and vomiting in the control group, which revealed a significant (P≤0.05) variance compared with the medazolam group, if the number of cases was 8 (17.8%). We conclude that the incidence of intraoperative nausea and vomiting during cesarean sections performed under spinal anesthesia is significantly influenced by the dosage of anxiolytic drugs.

The primary issues in this thesis are the causes of siri polygamy, the effects it has on siri polygamous families, and how Tanah Datar Regency has dealt with siri polygamy. The purpose of this study is to investigate and elucidate the causes of siri polygamy in Tanah Datar Regency, as well as the effects and solutions related to this phenomenon. The study's findings indicate that: 1) There are frequent arguments between husband and wife, the husband feels capable, and it is customary to follow ancient customs. The second wife-to-be has not processed the previous husband's death certificate. The husband is worried and does not get permission from the first wife. 2) Siri polygamy has negative effects on children, spouses are unjust and insufficient in allocating their income, spouses are uncaring and hardly return home, wives feel betrayed, and marriages are not legally binding in Tanah Datar Regency. 3) Tanah Datar Regency's resolution of siri polygamy, Out of the five data sets, two had amicably (non-litigation) resolved their issues, with both families and the mother present. None of the data sets were settled in court. Regarding unregistered polygamous weddings, the local Nagari administration has not issued any particular regulations. 4) Unregistered polygamous marriages are regarded under Islamic family law as having no legal significance, with the children being entrusted to the mother and the woman having no rights to assert in the event of a divorce or inheritance. Islamic law permits polygamy as long as certain requirements are met, such as the need that it be done properly and with no more than four partners. In addition, the law and KHI stipulate that the woman cannot have children, has an irreversible illness, or is disabled. The husband also needs the consent of the first wife. There is also an assurance that the husband would be able to fairly provide for his wife and kids.      

Background: There is a significant relationship between eating habits and the prevalence of hypertension in elderly citizens receiving care at community health centers. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the prevalence of hypertension in the community of Benteng Village RT 004/07, Benteng Health Centre Working Area, correlates with physical activity. Method: This study employed a cross-sectional methodology and was quantitative in nature. The sampling technique used was comprehenThe study employed a GPAQ questionnaire, a stethoscope, written consent, research tools, stationery, and data analysis procedures using Spearman's rank. tudy. Twenty-four respondents became the research sample. Results: According to the results of the Spearman rank statistical test, the incidence of hypertension in the Benteng Village community significantly correlates with physical activity (p value = 0.000), and the correlation is unidirectional (relationship coefficient = -0.324). The degree of hypertension among respondents decreased with increased physical activity. Suggestion: Community health centres can provide weekly fitness instructions for the elderly in an effort to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients through physical activity.

Marriage can be canceled if it fails to meet the legal requirements specified in the Marriage Law and the Compilation of Islamic Law, such as when the marriage lacks the consent of both prospective spouses or is coerced, as evidenced in the decisions of the Depok Religious Court Number 3617/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Dpk and the Gorontalo Religious Court Number 0308/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Gtlo. This research aims to examine and analyze the validity of marriage cancellations filed on grounds of coercion under the Marriage Law and Islamic law. The study adopts a normative juridical approach with descriptive-analytical research specifications, using secondary data collected through literature review and field studies involving interviews. The method of data analysis employed is qualitative normative analysis. Based on the research findings, the validity of the cancellation rulings in both cases is confirmed because they fulfill the legal prerequisites for marriage cancellation as outlined in Article 22 and Article 27 paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law, in conjunction with Article 71 letter (f) and Article 72 of the Compilation of Islamic Law.

This research aims to utilize the resources and technology used by teachers in Indonesian language education using qualitative descriptive methods. Data was collected through interviews and observations of 5 Indonesian language teachers. The research instrument is a semi-structured interview guide which was prepared based on a literature review and research objectives. Interviews were conducted either face-to-face or via communication tools such as telephone or video call and lasted 45-60 minutes per session. All interviews were recorded with the consent of the participants. Data analysis was carried out descriptively to identify main themes regarding the impact of the use of technology on Indonesian language learning, challenges for the future, and strategies for optimizing the use of technology. The validity and reliability of the interview is guaranteed through thorough preparation, consistent execution, and thorough analysis. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide significant recommendations for further development of the use of technology in Indonesian language education.  

The research entitled, "The View of the Catholic Church on the reality of Elopement at the Santa Odilia Balohili Simanaere Station of the Holy Cross Parish of West Nias" intends to find out the reality of eloping at the Santa Odilia Balohili Simanaere Station, West Nias Holy Cross Parish. Marriage is a lifelong alliance between a man and a woman in forming a family. However marriage cannot always be carried out by someone. Some of these marriages were held because they did not get the consent of their parents and because the dowry/honesty was so large. The reality today is that there are many marriages or marriages that are held outside the authority of the Catholic Church, such as underage marriages, elopements, and secret marriages that are only recognized by government law. This study intends to explain and describe the main reasons why members of the Santa Odilia Balohili Simanaere Stasi made the decision to elope in forming a new family.

Hospitals establish Minimum Service Standards (SPM) for medical records, specifically emphasizing the requirement for completeness in filling out medical records within 24 hours of service completion and achieving a 100% completeness standard for informed consent after receiving clear information. This study aims to develop a compliance model for Professional Care Providers (PPA) in filling out medical records, incorporating motivation as an intervening variable based on knowledge and attitude variables among inpatients at Cilincing Hospital. The sampling method employed is saturated sampling, with a total sample size of approximately 82 respondents. Path Analysis is utilized for data analysis, employing AMOS software. The research findings indicate a significant influence of knowledge, attitudes, and motivation of Professional Care Providers (PPA) on the overall compliance with the completeness of medical record filling, both collectively and individually. Moreover, the study reveals a significant impact of knowledge and attitudes on the motivation of Professional Caregivers (PPA). Additionally, motivation, acting as an intervening variable, demonstrates its ability to mediate the influence of knowledge and attitudes of Professional Care Providers (PPA) on compliance with the completeness of medical record filling. 

In line with its development, Electronic Medical Records have become the heart of information in the Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS), which is the main application in a basic data management system that collects various sources of medical data, plus other features such as administration, billing and documentation services. medical. However, electronic medical records certainly raise new problems in the area of ​​patient confidentiality and privacy. If a patient's medical data falls into the hands of an unauthorized person, legal problems and responsibilities could arise for the hospital and doctor who handles the patient, therefore standards for making and storing medical records that have been made conventionally or on paper must also be applied to Electronic medical records must be made secure and patient data must be strictly guarded by the hospital, meaning that no information can be opened without the patient's permission, which means that all patient medical information data can only be accessed by interested people. These people are also not allowed to transfer this information to other people. The implementation of Electronic Medical Records in Health Facilities is carried out by a separate work unit or adjusted to the needs and capabilities of each Health Fascily. In terms of the scale of health services, health facilities are very different from hospitals, especially those in remote areas. In fact, not all hospitals are ready to implement a medical history recording system, the total use of telemedicine applications which has increased up to six times during the 2022 COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia.    

With the increasing need for medical services and developments in technology, doctors and patients are often faced with various legal issues related to health care. The role of doctors in society is crucial because of the knowledge and skills needed to diagnose and treat disease, as well as maintain patient health. A surgeon is a specialist doctor who treats diseases, injuries or emergency conditions in the body through surgical methods (operatives) carried out in the operating room installation. The doctor's legal responsibility towards patients in the operating room installation is based on several relevant legal principles, the principle of informed consent or consent in treatment is an important factor in determining whether the doctor is responsible or not. Patients must be given adequate information about the diagnosis, procedures, risks, and treatment alternatives before giving consent for medical treatment. What are the rights and obligations between the doctor and patient in the agreement before surgery, as well as the agreement between the doctor and patient after the patient has received this information. Research methods using normative law are methods used to study legal rules as a system that can be linked to certain legal events. Secondary data uses tertiary legal data, secondary legal data and tertiary legal data from books, literature, publications and statutory sources related to all discussions. From this research it was found that every human being has the human right to live a healthy life and a doctor has ethical and professional responsibilities in carrying out his duties. The relationship between doctors and patients is regulated by applicable laws and regulations. It can be concluded that the legal responsibility of doctors towards patients in operating rooms is very important in medical practice. As health professionals, physicians have an ethical and legal obligation to provide safe, competent, and responsible care to their patients. If a doctor fails to meet expected standards of care or commits negligence that results in injury or harm to a patient, they may be legally liable.

Informed Consent is the patients content to medical action after the patient has received a complete explanation of the medical action to be performed. The purpose of informed consent, among others is to grants autonomy to the patient, as protection and prevent the occurrence of fraud / coercion agains all medical actions carried out without the patient knowledge. Before do medical action doctor must get approval. Doctor and patient tied together in a relationship named therapeutic agreement or therapeutic transaction. The doctor is not promising recovery but effortless for patient recovery. Medical action which is not accompanied informed consent risk of conflict. The hospital also shall be responsible if a lawsuit has occurred.    

Copyright is the legal right that inherently belongs to the creator of a work once it is expressed in a tangible form, and it cannot be limited unless specified by the law. Music and songs are forms of intellectual property that should be registered with the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI). Song copyright is a legal privilege that musicians can get by creating a piece of art in the form of music and songs. Songs are a form of intellectual property that is safeguarded under Law Number 28 of 2014. With the advancement of highly advanced technology, it becomes more convenient for individuals to enjoy songs or music through an application. Nevertheless, several cover versions continue to be posted without obtaining consent from the original creator. This text seeks to determine if a creator, whose song has been uploaded by a third party, is entitled to legal protection. Additionally, it intends to explore the legal ramifications for individuals who upload a song without the author's consent. The author employs normative research methodologies in this study, analyzing legal resources such as statutory rules, legal theory provisions, and expert opinions. According to Article 5 and Article 9 of Law Number 28 of 2014 about Copyright, creators are granted legal protection for music that are uploaded by third parties, regardless of the medium used to announce the song. This protection applies universally, regardless of location.

Bank Syariah Indonesia has been providing Islamic financial products and services, including murabahah agreement, in order to cater to the growing demand for Sharia-compliant financing options. One of the key areas where murabahah agreement is applied is in the financing for purchasing homes, known as Griya Purchase Financing. Griya purchase Financing is one of the financing companies owned by BSI KCP Gatsu Denpasar. However, this financing often encounters problems in the purchase process. The aims of this study are: to find out the factors that lead to a murabahah contract in the financing of a purchase griya at BSI KCP Gatsu Denpasar and to find out the process of financing the griya purchase at BSI KCP Gatsu Denpasar. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. data validity technique with the triangulation technique. The results of the study found: 1) There are factors that cause a murabaha contract to occur, namely the presence of the object of the contract; 2) The murabaha contract process by submitting asset documents to the consumer as a sign of consent qabul with the consumer. And financing for purchase houses that are free from usury in accordance with the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council, MUI No.04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000, dated April 1, 2000, conceming murabahha.; 3) The process of financing purchase housing includes BSI having the terms and benefits of financing purchase housing. To attract consumer, as well as with light installments, one of the benefits of purchase financing at BSI is that consumers still feel able to meet other needs.