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The settlement of carok as part of Madurese society is very important to analyze. This study aims to determine the social impact on the families of carok perpetrators in the perspective of criminology. The second objective is to determine the role of community leaders and the police in minimizing threats and taking preventive action against the families of carok perpetrators in Madura. The research method used in this research is the type of empirical legal research. The results showed that: First, from a criminological perspective, carok can be categorized as a crime. Carok in this case can be subject to articles of the Criminal Code related to crimes against the body and crimes against life. According to labeling theory, families of carok perpetrators are usually labeled by the community as families of criminals who are usually dubbed as “Kaloarga Tokang Carok”. Second, Kiai in carok cases plays a role in reconciliation and mediation efforts between the families of carok perpetrators and the families of carok victims to minimize threats to the families of carok perpetrators. The Sampang Police, among others, conducted counseling with the perpetrator's family and collaborated with community leaders.

The crime of murder is a crime that can cause the death of a person, this is committed individually and violates the applicable provisions of the Criminal Code Book II Chapter XIX (articles 338-350). Basically, murder is carried out with an element of intent. Deliberation is a subjective element in a criminal act, because this element is inherent in the subject or perpetrator of the crime. This means wanting or knowing what will be done. Therefore, in murder there must be evidence in order to determine whether a person is guilty or not in committing the crime of murder by collecting legal evidence according to the applicable law. Furthermore, the method used in this case is a normative juridical approach, which is carried out through literature books, journals, articles, as well as statutory regulations related to the problem to be discussed. Legal considerations in imposing a sentence on the perpetrator of the crime of intentional murder, because the circumstances were aggravating and the defendant caused the victim to die and the defendant's actions disturbed the community. Thus, the punishment given by the state is solely to change the perpetrator to become better, and at the same time provide education to improve themselves.

Fornication is all acts related to sexual life that violate decency (decency) including sexual intercourse outside of marriage. The Criminal Code classifies criminal acts of sexual abuse where the victim is a child. Children are the younger generation and potential human resources, therefore perpetrators of criminal acts of sexual abuse against children must be subject to appropriate punishment. The focus of the study in this research is to find out the side of justice in the decision of the panel of judges which is not in accordance with the actions of the defendant (Decision Study Number 07/Pid.Sus.A/2023/Pn Byw) case study of Banyuwangi Regency from the demands of the public prosecutor to the decision of the panel of judges what was imposed on the defendant was in accordance with the defendant's actions. From the results obtained in this research, the public prosecutor in his demands did not match the defendant's actions. The author feels that the panel of judges and public prosecutors in their decision gave criminal sanctions to the defendant that were not in accordance with the defendant's actions, because the perpetrator had more than one case.

Restorative Justice is an alternative dispute resolution outside of criminal penalties, in other words, it is resolved through familial means and also aims to repair the relationship between the perpetrator and the victim. Recently, the application of restorative justice has been found in the field, which has become the main basis for resolving criminal cases of rape committed by police officers by filing an appeal in the appellate court, so that the police officer who is the perpetrator of the rape, named Bripda Fauzan (FA), who was previously subjected to the sanction of dishonorable dismissal (PTDH) in the Police Ethics Code Commission session, was not dismissed on the grounds that the rape case was considered resolved after the perpetrator married the victim. However, some time after the appeal decision, the perpetrator was reported again for allegedly neglecting his wife, who is the victim of the rape he married, which will be further examined in this research regarding the cause of Bripda Fauzan (FA) leaving his wife. This study aims to provide a real view of the application of restorative justice as the main basis for resolving rape cases, the method used in this journal is a normative juridical research method with literature studies and looking at empirical facts in the field through news circulating on the Internet media regarding rape cases by police members who are considered to have been completed after marrying the victim. The settlement of rape cases carried out by police members with restorative justice has tarnished the credibility of police institutions that do not seem to understand the fatality of sexual violence cases with the application of restorative justice in cases that have a major impact.

Continuous improvements in infrastructure, security measures, and user education can help address these weaknesses and improve the overall effectiveness of QRIS as a digital payment solution. Some of the roles of using QRIS in the millennial generation are convenience. QRIS makes it easy for millennials to make digital payments without the need to carry cash or credit/debit cards. They can simply use their mobile phones to scan the QR code and complete the payment transaction. QRIS transactions are processed in real-time, meaning payments can be completed almost instantly. Many digital payment platforms that support QRIS offer promotions and discounts to users who make payments using their platform. This is especially attractive to millennials who are always looking for ways to save money.

One of the museums found in Bali is Subak museum in Tabanan Regency. The establishment of this Museum aims to preserve the traditional institution called Subak as a noble national cultural heritage, and to introduce to the younger generation and foreign tourists about the unique traditional irrigation system in Bali. Lack of supporting facilities in delivering information, making tourists who visit Subak Museum have minimal information. The solution needed in Subak museum is an Android-based E-Tourism application that is supported by Qr-Code technology so as to provide an interesting presentation of data. In making this application using the development of the Waterfall method and designed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) with the Java programming language for Android and PHP for web services, and MySQL as a database. So that produced an android-based system in Subak museum Tabanan Regency. Based on the results of the tests carried out it can be concluded that the black box testing system functions have been running according to the planning. Then the result of the testing of users using questionnaires generated Application Benefits scores 90.8%, Ease of 86.93%, Interface 82% and Content 90.2%. 

The Code of Ethics is very important for the professionalism of an PAK teacher in carrying out the learning process and advancing the world of education. The quality of a student in the world of education is very dependent on the quality of a teacher. Therefore, a PAK teacher who is professional should have competence in accordance with national education standards so that he can carry out his duties and roles with good competency standards, which results in students becoming knowledgeale human beings and possessing skills. Not only that, before educating a PAK teacher, he must be equipped with the values of truth that are in accordance with god’s word. Being a teacher is not only as a teacher but as a guide for the character of students to become characters that are pleasing to the lord jesus. A PAK teacher before educating is able to study the teachers code of ethics well according to a Biblical perspective. If an PAK teacher can master and understand the correct code of ethics then in every teaching and guidance that is done to students it can run according to the truth of God’s Word.

The rampant corruption that continues to be demonstrated by public officials makes it seem as if the law has run out of ways to overcome it. And corruption is a type of crime that is only committed by people who have high intellectual capacity and ability. They continue to try how to avoid corruption crimes, so one of the methods they use is the pattern of giving gifts which is actually intended as a form of bribery. This study analyzes the concept of bribery and gratification and the parameters that differentiate between the two as regulated in several Articles of the Corruption Eradication Law. This involves the application of normative legal research supported by court decisions to clarify the differences. The results of this study indicate that bribery requires a meeting of minds between the bribe giver and the bribe recipient which is not found in the decision . The reporting mechanism and reversal of the burden of proof do not apply to bribery while the sting operation does not apply to gratification because it cannot meet the provisions of Article 1 number 19 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Criminal sanctions are also imposed on both the giver and the recipient of the bribe, while the act of the giver of gratification is not a criminal act. Keywords: reversal of burden of proof, caught red-handed, reporting mechanism .

This study aims to analyze security vulnerabilities and mitigation on the crowdo.co.id website using the OWASP Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP) tool, which is a web application security testing tool. High-level security attacks have increasingly risen alongside the advancement of information technology, making vulnerability testing crucial to ensure the integrity and security of information systems. This research involved scanning the crowdo.co.id website to identify various vulnerabilities, including those listed in the OWASP Top 10. The research process encompassed active and passive scanning, data analysis from the scans, and the formulation of mitigation strategies for each identified vulnerability. The findings revealed that the website had 14 detected vulnerabilities, consisting of 1 high-priority vulnerability, 3 medium-priority vulnerabilities, 7 low-priority vulnerabilities, and 3 additional informational alerts. The security dimensions tested included potential XSS attacks, SQL Injection, and other deficiencies that could jeopardize user data. Based on these results, recommended mitigations include code improvements, enhanced security configurations, and the implementation of additional preventive measures. This study concludes that while the website’s security is in the medium category, further improvements are necessary to reduce vulnerability risks. Through this approach, the study provides significant contributions to enhancing web application security.

The police are a civil public intermediary that regulates order and law. Police officers as state servants must uphold humanitarian values ​​and be an example for society. As stated in the oath and promise of members of the Indonesian National Police. This is stated in the opening of the code of ethics of the Indonesian National Police profession. According to Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police. The function of the police is one of the functions of the state government in the field of maintaining public security and order, law enforcement, protection, shelter, and service to the community. The problem raised is the working relationship between police function units in disclosing criminal acts at the Medan Helvetia Police. The method used in discussing the formulation of the problem is normative legal research. Normative legal research is an approach carried out based on primary legal materials by examining theories, concepts, legal principles and laws and regulations related to this research. The working relationship between the police functional units in disclosing criminal acts at the Medan Helvetia Police, namely starting from the SPKT Unit of the Medan Helvetia Police coordinating with the police functional units at the Medan Helvetia Police to conduct a crime scene check (TKP); the Samapta Unit carries out security around the house object; the Intelkam Unit conducts an investigation into the case, collects information or (Pulbaket); the Criminal Investigation Unit conducts an in-depth investigation at the crime scene; the Traffic Unit regulates traffic around the crime scene; the Binmas Unit coordinates with the Head of the Environment and local sub-district and the Samapta Unit of the Medan Helvetia Police carries out patrols in the area. Meanwhile, the factors that hinder the working relationship between the police functional units in disclosing criminal acts at the Medan Helvetia Police are external factors such as the lack of public knowledge of the importance of handling the crime scene (TKP); time factors; weather factors. While internal factors consist of being less careful or careless towards an object; lack of facilities and infrastructure for officers; quality of identification officers; facilities and infrastructure.

This study aims to analyze the sentiment of iPhone product reviews fromAmazon using the BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) model to classify reviews as either positive or negative. The dataset, sourced from Kaggle, includes text reviews and star ratings, where high ratings indicate positive sentiment and low ratings indicate negative sentiment. After text preprocessing steps, including data cleaning, tokenization, and sentiment labeling, the BERT model was fine-tuned for sentiment classification, with the data split into training, validation, and test sets. Evaluation results demonstrate that the BERT model achieves a high classification accuracy, with an accuracy rate of 93.9% and a balanced F1 score between precision and recall. Confusion matrix evaluation also indicates that the model consistently identifies both positive and negative sentiments. This study shows that Transformer-based models like BERT are highly effective in understanding customer opinions in e-commerce, with broad application potential for data-driven decision-making in marketing strategies and product development.

Document forgery is one of the criminal offenses that can damage the integrity of the legal system, affect public trust, and disrupt social order. This study aims to review the criminal law regulation related to document forgery in the Criminal Code (KUHP) and identify challenges in law enforcement. Based on the analysis of Articles 263 and 264 of the Criminal Code, it is found that criminal law in Indonesia has clearly regulated document forgery, by providing criminal sanctions to perpetrators who create, alter, or use fake documents for fraudulent purposes. However, the implementation of criminal law related to document forgery cases still faces various obstacles, such as limited evidence and the development of information technology that requires regulatory adjustments. Therefore, efforts are needed to strengthen the law enforcement system, improve legal education to the public, and adjust the rule of law to technological developments. This research provides suggestions to improve the efficiency of handling document forgery cases through strengthening coordination between legal institutions and updating relevant regulations.

This research aims to examine the impact of QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) on students' shopping habits in the digital era, focusing on students at STIA Lancang Kuning Dumai. This study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) to explore students' experiences and perceptions regarding QRIS use in their shopping activities. The findings indicate that QRIS has provided students with convenience, efficiency, and security in digital transactions, although some students face barriers related to technological literacy and network issues. QRIS has influenced shopping habits by encouraging more online shopping. These findings contribute to understanding the role of digital payment systems in changing students’ consumption behavior.

  Abstract. The research investigates the principles and ethical codes in business, highlighting their critical role in today's competitive environment. As businesses face increasing pressure to balance financial success with ethical conduct, the study aims to define these concepts, explore their scope, and identify key ethical principles while examining their implementation in Islamic banking. Employing a qualitative methodology, the research analyzes literature and case studies to understand the frameworks guiding ethical business practices. Findings reveal that principles such as honesty, social responsibility, and fairness are essential for fostering trust among stakeholders and enhancing corporate reputation. The implications stress the necessity for businesses to integrate these ethical codes into their operations actively, as doing so not only builds a positive public image but also contributes to long-term sustainability. Furthermore, the study identifies challenges in applying these standards, emphasizing that overcoming such obstacles is vital for creating a fair business ecosystem that benefits all parties involved.

This research analyzes legal smuggling related to the principle of freedom of contract reflected in Book III of the Civil Code. The parties are free to draft any clause based on an agreement. However, it cannot be denied that the principle of freedom of contract is often misused to commit legal smuggling in agreements, which makes the deal seem legally valid, even though there are mixed legal provisions, thus causing irregularities and losses for parties who are in a weak position. This research method uses normative legal research by examining library materials with legal materials, such as laws and regulations, books, legal journals, and legal articles. The results of this study indicate that the actions taken by the dominant party, in this case, fulfill the elements of legal smuggling which also intersect with the act of abuse of circumstances, thus forming a tort committed by the dominant party in the agreement.

The purpose of writing this thesis is to find out about the Judge's considerations in issuing a Niet Ontvankelijk Verklaard (NO) verdict on domestic violence cases in military courts and to find out how the verdict should be issued on domestic violence cases in military courts. The type of research used is normative legal research because in this study the author focuses on the inconsistency between the expected conditions that have been regulated in the law and the reality that actually occurs, where this study uses a legislative approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach. The conclusion of this study is that the Judge's consideration in issuing a Niet Ontvankelijk Verklaard (NO) verdict on domestic violence cases in military courts is because the victim has withdrawn her complaint before the main case examination, even though the withdrawal of the complaint violates Article 75 of the Criminal Code, the Judge still grants the request because the Judge uses the Supreme Court Decision Number 2238 K / Pid.Sus / 2013 dated March 5, 2014 and the Supreme Court Decision Number 1600-K / Pid / 2009 and the Judge prioritizes the value of justice in resolving the case and uses the principles of fast, simple, and low-cost justice. Because the Niet Ontvankelijk Verklaard (NO) verdict is not known in criminal cases, in the author's opinion, ideally the Judge should issue a suspended sentence because the type of suspended sentence is also a type of punishment and is not at all an acquittal or deletion, while the existence of a probationary period that has been determined by the Judge aims to educate the perpetrator to be more careful and able to improve themselves

This article explores the mechanisms of supervision and legal protection within state administration. Ensuring legal protection for citizens is a vital aspect of governance in democratic nations. Laws serve as tools to regulate rights, obligations, and legal entities, enabling them to fulfill their duties and receive fair treatment. Additionally, the law functions as a protective framework for legal subjects. The legal relationship between the state and its citizens can be governed either by state administrative law or civil law, depending on the state's role and position in upholding the law. The government may act as a civil legal entity or a public official, subjecting its legal actions to either the Civil Code or state administrative law. Mechanisms for supervision and legal protection in state administration include embedded supervision, functional supervision, and external supervision. Furthermore, citizens are afforded legal protection through administrative law mechanisms such as administrative law provisions, administrative appeals, and administrative courts.

The advancement of payment technology has shifted the role of cash to non-cash systems. Generation Z plays a significant role in the adoption of this technology. One of the innovations introduced by Bank Indonesia is the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS), launched on August 17, 2019, to support digital payments through server-based e-money applications, e-wallets, or mobile banking. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing QRIS usage behavior among Generation Z based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The study employs a quantitative method involving 275 respondents collected through an online questionnaire. Data are analyzed using SmartPLS. The results show that performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, and social influence have a positive influence on QRIS usage behavior. In contrast, effort expectancy does not have an influence. These findings are expected to support strategies for increasing QRIS adoption among Generation Z.

This study aims to examine the effect of the implementation of the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) in increasing business income, especially for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach. The method used in this study is a descriptive quantitative approach, which aims to provide an overview of the QR Code implementation. The population in this study involved MSME owners, with a sample taken from 100 respondents through non-probability sampling techniques. Data collection was done through questionnaires. Data analysis includes testing research instruments to assess data quality (validity and reliability), classical assumption test (normality), as well as multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing (t test and F test). The results show that QRIS implementation and user satisfaction have a significant influence on increasing MSME income, which supports TAM theory regarding the importance of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in technology acceptance. However, other variables, such as QRIS usage literacy, convenience of use, and QRIS service price, did not show a significant influence on MSME income. Simultaneously, these factors still have an effect on MSME income, although with different variations in influence.

Maritime piracy has long been a significant threat to global shipping, with profound economic and legal implications. This journal explores the economic effects and legal actions associated with maritime piracy. The economic impact of piracy is substantial, costing the international economy between $7 billion and $12 billion annually. The rise in piracy has led to higher ransom demands, with some payments reaching record amounts, and has significantly increased the cost of maritime insurance, particularly in high-risk zones. From a legal perspective, the journal examines the evolution of piracy laws, highlighting the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and its definition of piracy. The legal framework under UNCLOS includes three main elements: acts committed for private ends, occurring on the high seas, and involving two ships. The journal also discusses the concept of universal jurisdiction, which allows any state to prosecute pirates, though prosecution must follow the domestic laws of the capturing state.The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced several conventions and initiatives, such as the Djibouti Code of Conduct, to enhance maritime security. This journal will focus on the economical effect and the suitable legal actions to punish and prevent the acts of piracy.