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This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review to examine the relationship between job enrichment, the Human Resource Information System, and work–life balance on organisational performance through the mediating role of innovative work behaviour, with a particular focus on medium-scale Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises. Drawing on Scopus-indexed publications from 2020 to 2025, the review identifies theoretical and empirical findings that highlight the importance of human resource practices and digital transformation in strengthening organisational innovation. The analysis reveals that job enrichment significantly enhances employee autonomy, engagement, and intrinsic motivation, which in turn fosters innovative work behaviour. Likewise, the Human Resource Information System contributes to performance improvement by increasing decision-making efficiency and supporting data-driven innovation processes. Meanwhile, work–life balance promotes creativity and reduces stress, thereby fostering an environment conducive to innovative thinking. Furthermore, innovative work behaviour is found to mediate the relationship between human resource practices and organisational performance by transforming individual innovation into collective organisational outcomes. These findings indicate that integrating the Human Resource Information System with job enrichment and work–life balance policies can substantially enhance the competitiveness and productivity of medium-scale Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises. This study contributes to theoretical advancement in innovation-oriented human resource management and offers practical implications for developing adaptive human resource systems to ensure sustainable business performance in the digital era.

This study aims to systematically analyze the influence of Work Family Conflict (WFC) and Work Life Balance (WLB) on employee performance through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The increasing demands of work and family roles in modern organizational settings make these variables highly relevant in organizational behavior research. The SLR procedure was conducted based on guidelines by Kitchenham and Wahono, consisting of planning, conducting, and reporting stages. Literature searches were performed across several academic databases, including Google Scholar, Garuda Ristek, ResearchGate, and university journal portals, covering publications from 2020 to 2025. From a total of 5,992 identified articles, 28 studies met all inclusion and quality criteria and were reviewed in depth. The findings indicate that Work Family Conflict consistently exerts a negative effect on employee performance by increasing stress, reducing concentration, and impairing psychological well-being. Conversely, Work Life Balance demonstrates a significant positive influence on performance, as employees who successfully balance their professional and personal responsibilities tend to exhibit higher productivity, job satisfaction, and engagement. Furthermore, factors such as organizational support, flexible working arrangements, and job satisfaction are shown to mediate or moderate the relationship between WFC, WLB, and employee performance. This study contributes by mapping the latest empirical patterns and providing recommendations for organizations to develop supportive work policies that enhance employee well-being and sustainable performance.

This study aims to examine the effects of workload, job stress, and work spirit on employee performance at PT Victory International Futures Surabaya, a financial services company operating in the highly demanding futures trading industry. Employing a quantitative descriptive–correlational approach, data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through multiple linear regression using JASP and Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using WarpPLS, which is suitable for addressing multicollinearity issues and relatively small sample sizes (n = 37). The findings reveal that workload and job stress have significant negative effects on employee performance, whereas work spirit has a significant positive effect and emerges as the most dominant predictor. These results reinforce the Job Demands–Resources (JD–R) theory, which posits that job demands such as workload and stress can reduce performance when not balanced with adequate psychological resources like work spirit. Practically, the study recommends that management optimize workload distribution, implement stress management strategies, and strengthen employee motivation to improve performance sustainably. The study is limited by its small sample size and single-company focus, suggesting that future research should expand the organizational context and incorporate additional variables such as job satisfaction or organizational commitment.  

This study aims to analyze the effect of work stress and work discipline on the effectiveness of human resources (HR) in employees of the Communication and Information Service (Diskominfo) of Ciamis Regency. The effectiveness of human resources is crucial for the success of government agencies in public services and information technology management, where the optimal performance of employees is influenced by stress management and discipline levels. This study adopted a quantitative-descriptive method by distributing questionnaires to 40 respondents who were selected through random sampling techniques. The data testing included validity, reliability, and multiple linear regression analysis tests to test the relationship of independent variables (work stress $X_1$ and work discipline $X_2$) to bound variables (HR effectiveness $Y$). The results of the analysis show that work stress and work discipline simultaneously have a significant effect on the effectiveness of human resources. Partially, work stress has a negative influence, indicating that increased work stress tends to reduce the effectiveness of human resources. On the contrary, work discipline has been shown to have a positive effect, showing that the higher the employee's discipline, the more their work effectiveness will increase. Therefore, the conclusion emphasizes that increasing the effectiveness of human resources requires the implementation of effective work stress management and the establishment of a consistent work discipline culture. This effort is important to create a conducive work environment, increase productivity, and strengthen the performance of the state civil apparatus in supporting an electronic-based government system and digital public services.

This study aims to analyze in more depth the influence of work-life balance and job stress on employee performance at PT Cipta Wahana Persada Surabaya. The study employed a quantitative method with a survey approach, enabling researchers to obtain objective data based on real-world conditions. The study sample consisted of 38 employees selected through a saturation sampling technique, as the entire population was used as respondents. Data processing was conducted using SPSS version 29.0, with a series of stages including instrument testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing to determine the influence of each variable. The results indicate that work-life balance and job stress simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance. Partially, work-life balance has been shown to have a positive and significant impact on performance, while job stress also has a significant effect, albeit with a negative effect on productivity. These findings emphasize the importance of maintaining a balance between work and personal life and managing stress effectively to enable employees to perform optimally. Therefore, companies need to pay attention to these two factors to improve organizational performance and productivity.

Burnout is a psychological issue often faced by Civil Servants (ASN) due to demanding job responsibilities, negatively impacting performance, motivation, job satisfaction, and productivity. Excessive workload is a primary factor contributing to burnout, making it essential to examine their relationship in the governmental context. This study investigates the perception of workload and the level of burnout among civil servants at the National Unity and Political Agency (Kesbangpol) of Jambi Province. Using a quantitative correlational approach, the study involved 65 civil servants selected through purposive sampling. Data were gathered through an online questionnaire consisting of a workload perception scale (30 items) and a burnout scale (22 items). The Pearson Product Moment correlation test with SPSS software was used for data analysis. Descriptive results showed that most respondents reported moderate to high levels for both variables. A correlation coefficient of r = 0.503 with a significance level of p = 0.001 (p < 0.05) indicates a significant positive relationship between workload perception and burnout. This suggests that higher perceived workload increases the likelihood of experiencing burnout. To reduce burnout and maintain optimal performance, balanced workload management, social support, and stress management strategies are essential for civil servants.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of mental workload on employee performance, the effect of work stress on employee performance, the work environment on employee performance and to analyze the effect of mental workload, work stress, and work environment simultaneously on the performance of employees of PT. Nutrisius Sari Persada. This research design uses quantitative methods with an associative approach and data collection techniques of library research and field research. Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistical analysis techniques using data processing tools Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software by testing mental workload variables (X1), work stress (X2), work environment (X3) and employee performance (Y). The results of this study indicate that the mental workload variable (X1) on employee performance (Y) has a T-test value of (2.013> 1.96) and P values of (0.045 < 0.05), the work stress variable (X2) has a T-test value of (10.237> 1.96) and P values of (0, 000 < 0.05), the work environment variable (X3) has a T-test value of (2.013> 1.96) and P values of (0.045 < 0.05), so it can be concluded that the mental workload variable (X1), work stress (X2) and the work environment (X3) have an influence on employee performance (Y). While simultaneously mental workload (X1), work stress (X2) and work environment (X3) variables on employee performance (Y). The results of the analysis of the coefficient of determination (R2) obtained a value (Adjusted Rsquare) of 0.973, meaning that all independent variables are declared strong with a value of 97% and the remaining 3% is influenced by other variables outside the Mental Workload, Work Stress and Work Environment variables.

This study aims to analyze the influence of work-family conflict, job stress, and compensation on employee performance at PT Nusa Gas Pratiwi. A quantitative approach with a survey method was employed, and data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 35 permanent employees. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS software. The results indicate that work-family conflict, job stress, and compensation have a positive and significant effect on employee performance both partially and simultaneously. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.900 implies that these three variables explain 90% of employee performance variation, while 10% is influenced by other factors outside the model. These findings reinforce the Job Demand-Resource and Role Enrichment theories, suggesting that job stress and role conflict can become positive driving forces when balanced with fair compensation and organizational support. Therefore, maintaining equilibrium between psychological and economic factors is essential to enhance employee productivity and loyalty.

PT Telkom Indonesia is a state-owned telecommunications and information technology company in Indonesia that provides various digital and telecommunication services. The data collection technique used is non-probability sampling with a saturated sampling technique. This study uses a quantitative approach with data collected through research instruments. The data analysis techniques used include instrument testing, descriptive analysis, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, the coefficient of determination test, and hypothesis testing using SPSS 26. The results of the study show that the t-count value for the Leadership Style variable is less than the t-table value (0.922 < 2.042) and the significance value in the t-test is 0.364 > 0.05. This indicates that Leadership Style (X1) does not have a significant effect on Work Motivation (Y) of employees at PT Telkom Indonesia Witel Bekasi. Meanwhile, the t-count value for the Work Stress variable is also less than the t-table value (-0.480 < 2.042) and the significance value is 0.635 > 0.05. Thus, it can be concluded that Work Stress (X2) does not have a negative or significant effect on Work Motivation (Y) of employees at PT Telkom Indonesia Witel Bekasi. Simultaneously, both Leadership Style (X1) and Work Stress (X2) do not have a significant effect on Work Motivation (Y). This is shown by the F-test result, where the F-count value (0.523) is lower than the F-table value (3.316), and the significance value of 0.598 is greater than 0.05.

This study examines the impact of workload and work stress on employee job satisfaction at PT Inhutani I UMI Gresik, a wood-processing company operating under Perum Perhutani. The research employed a quantitative design with an associative (causal) approach to identify the extent to which workload and stress contribute to variations in job satisfaction. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 48 employees selected using a simple random sampling method. The analytical process involved validity and reliability testing, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, as well as t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²). The results indicate that workload and work stress, when considered simultaneously, have a significant influence on job satisfaction. However, partial testing revealed that workload did not exert a significant effect, while work stress had a statistically significant negative impact on satisfaction. Regression analysis further demonstrated that work stress emerged as the dominant predictor, accounting for a larger proportion of variance compared to workload, as reflected by the higher beta coefficient and partial determination value. These findings suggest that while workload may serve as a motivator when maintained within reasonable limits, unmanaged stress arising from role ambiguity, conflicting demands, and organizational pressures significantly undermines job satisfaction. The study underscores the importance of stress management strategies within organizations, particularly in high-demand industries such as forestry and wood processing. Practical implications include the need for supportive leadership, effective communication, realistic target-setting, and the implementation of employee assistance programs. By addressing stress more effectively, organizations can enhance employee well-being, foster greater job satisfaction, and ultimately improve overall organizational performance.

Work stress is a prevalent and complex phenomenon frequently encountered by inpatient nurses as a result of the intense physical, emotional, and psychological demands inherent in their professional responsibilities. Nurses are required to deliver high-quality care under conditions of time pressure, emotional strain, and patient diversity, which can increase their susceptibility to stress. Individual factors—including age, gender, marital status, years of service, personality type, and self-assessment—play a crucial role in shaping nurses’ capacity to adapt to these pressures and maintain their performance. This study aims to comprehensively describe the influence of individual factors on work stress among inpatient nurses at RSUP Dr. Sitanala in 2025. Employing a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach, a total of 34 inpatient nurses were recruited using total sampling. Data were collected using the NIOSH Job Stress Questionnaire, which measures multiple aspects of job-related stress. The results indicate that younger nurses, those with shorter work tenure, and individuals exhibiting type A personality traits are more vulnerable to experiencing high levels of stress compared to their counterparts. These findings underscore that individual characteristics significantly contribute to variations in work stress levels. The study emphasizes the importance of developing responsive human resource management strategies, such as stress management training, mentoring, and supportive work environments, to strengthen resilience and improve nurses’ well-being. By identifying and addressing these individual factors, healthcare organizations can enhance employee retention, promote patient safety, and ensure sustainable quality of care.

This study was conducted at PT Catur Mitra Sejati Sentosa, where high work pressure was observed due to daily production or sales targets that must be achieved within 8 working hours. Employees who fail to meet these targets are not allowed to leave on time, leading to increased workload and work stress. This condition is suspected to significantly affect employee productivity. The aim of this research is to examine the influence of workload and work stress on employee productivity, both partially and simultaneously. The research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 51 respondents. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 26 through validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t-tests, and F-tests. The findings of the study indicate that workload has a significant effect on employee productivity, as does work stress. Both workload and work stress are positively correlated with lower productivity levels. Moreover, when assessed together, both variables also simultaneously influence productivity significantly. This suggests that the company’s high work pressure, driven by unmet targets, contributes directly to reduced work efficiency and increased stress. Therefore, the company needs to manage workload and work stress effectively, ensuring that work expectations are realistic and that employees are given adequate support to meet these expectations. Optimizing these factors can enhance employee productivity, reduce stress, and improve overall company performance.

Job satisfaction is a crucial indicator in achieving optimal employee performance. Satisfied employees tend to be more productive and perform better in their roles. Various factors affect job satisfaction, including career development and work-life balance. Career development provides direction and motivation for employees to reach higher career levels, enhancing their sense of achievement and attachment to their work. Meanwhile, work-life balance plays an essential role in maintaining a balance between work responsibilities and personal life. A good balance helps prevent stress, burnout, and improves overall employee well-being. This study aims to examine the impact of career development and work-life balance on job satisfaction among production employees in the Speaker Department at PT X. The research used a quantitative method with a causal associative approach. Total sampling was applied, involving 71 respondents from the department. Data were collected through direct observation and questionnaires focusing on employees' perceptions of career development and their work-life balance. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 with various statistical tests, including validity, reliability, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, f-tests, and the coefficient of determination. The results showed that both career development and work-life balance positively and significantly influence job satisfaction, both partially and simultaneously. These two factors collectively impact the job satisfaction levels of employees in the company. These findings offer strategic insights for human resource management, which can be used to design better policies that support employee satisfaction and performance.

This study was conducted at Family Pharmacy in Pekanbaru City with the objective of examining the relationship between emotional intelligence and work stress, as well as their combined effect on employee performance. The research population consisted of all 150 employees in the production department. Using the Slovin formula, a sample of 60 respondents was selected through accidental sampling. Data collection was carried out via an online questionnaire distributed through Google Forms. The analytical methods employed were correlation analysis to assess the relationship between variables and multiple linear regression to measure their simultaneous influence on performance. The results indicated a negative relationship between emotional intelligence and work stress, meaning that employees with higher emotional intelligence tended to experience lower levels of work stress. Furthermore, when examined together, emotional intelligence and work stress had a significant impact on employee performance. Specifically, these two variables contributed 47.4% to the variance in performance, while the remaining 52.6% was influenced by other factors not addressed in this study. The findings highlight the importance of emotional intelligence as a critical factor in managing workplace stress and enhancing performance, especially in the pharmaceutical industry where precision, cooperation, and adaptability are essential. Improving employees’ emotional intelligence may serve as a strategic approach to reducing work-related stress and fostering better performance outcomes. Organizations are therefore encouraged to invest in training and development programs that emphasize emotional regulation, empathy, interpersonal skills, and effective communication. Future research should consider incorporating additional variables such as work motivation, organizational culture, leadership style, and job satisfaction to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the determinants of employee performance. Expanding the research scope to different departments and industries could also provide broader insights into how emotional intelligence and work stress interact across diverse work settings.

This study aims to analyze the impact of work discipline, work-life balance, and employee engagement on employee performance at PT Globalindo Intimates Klaten. The population for this research consisted of approximately 3,000 employees, with a sample of 97 respondents selected using purposive sampling. This sampling method was employed to target employees who met specific criteria relevant to the research objectives. The data for the study were collected through a questionnaire that utilized a Likert scale, and the analysis was conducted using SPSS software. The analytical process included validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing. The results of the study indicated that work discipline, work-life balance, and employee engagement had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, both independently and in combination. Specifically, work discipline plays a key role in ensuring that employees adhere to organizational rules and regulations, which contributes to improved performance. Work-life balance helps employees manage their personal and professional lives, reducing stress and improving overall job satisfaction, which in turn enhances performance. Employee engagement, which refers to the level of enthusiasm and commitment employees have toward their work, was found to significantly influence their performance as well. The study suggests that organizations should focus on fostering a strong work ethic, providing support for work-life balance, and increasing employee engagement in order to improve overall performance. The findings emphasize that when employees are disciplined, maintain a healthy work-life balance, and are engaged with their work, their productivity increases, leading to improved outcomes for the organization. This research highlights the importance of these factors in creating a motivated and high-performing workforce, and the results can be used to inform human resource strategies in other organizations aiming to improve employee performance and achieve organizational success.

This study investigates the correlation between mental health and turnover intention among working students at STIE IBMI Medan who fulfill dual roles as both students and employees. These individuals are particularly vulnerable to psychological stress arising from academic responsibilities and workplace demands. The objective of this research is to examine the influence of mental health on their tendency to resign from their jobs. An associative quantitative research method was adopted, with data collected through structured interviews involving 71 respondents. The analysis was conducted using simple linear regression via the SPSS application. The findings reveal that mental health has a significant negative effect on turnover intention, with a significance value of 0.001. This suggests that students who experience better mental health are less likely to consider leaving their jobs. The coefficient of determination (R Square) is 14.6%, indicating that mental health explains 14.6% of the variation in turnover intention. The remaining 85.4% may be attributed to other contributing factors, such as high work pressure from supervisors, poor work-life balance, financial stress, inflexible schedules, and lack of organizational support. The implication of these results is that efforts to support and maintain the psychological well-being of working students are essential for reducing employee turnover. Educational institutions and employers should collaborate to create supportive environments through counseling services, flexible scheduling, mental health awareness programs, and policies that accommodate the dual responsibilities of student workers. By addressing these mental health concerns, institutions can improve student performance and job retention simultaneously. This study highlights the importance of integrating mental health strategies in workforce and academic management, especially for populations that manage competing academic and professional obligations.

At PT Win Access Telecommunication Banjarmasin, the target-based salary system that drives performance actually causes stress and dissatisfaction due to the imbalance of compensation and a less supportive work environment, which has a negative impact on motivation, productivity, and stability of the company, so a comprehensive assessment is needed to create optimal working conditions according to the needs of employees and the organization. The objectives of this study are to: 1) Determine and test the effect of salary on employee performance at PT Win Access Telecommunication Banjarmasin; 2) Determine and test the effect of the work environment on employee performance at PT Win Access Telecommunication Banjarmasin, and; 3) Determine and test the effect of salary and work environment on employee performance at PT Win Access Telecommunication Banjarmasin. This quantitative study examines the effect of salary and work environment on employee performance at PT Win Access Telecommunication Banjarmasin in March-June 2025 with a sample of 84 out of 509 employees using a Likert scale questionnaire, data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, validity tests, reliability, classical assumptions, multiple linear regression, and partial and simultaneous hypothesis tests to determine the relationship between variables significantly. The results of this study are: 1) There is a significant influence between Salary partially on the performance of PT Win Access Telecommunication Banjarmasin; 2) There is a significant influence between Work Environment partially on the performance of PT Win Access Telecommunication Banjarmasin), and; 3) There is a significant influence between salary and work environment simultaneously on the performance of PT Win Access Telecommunication Banjarmasin.

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of work stress and work environment on employee performance at PT Yamaha Motor Electronics Indonesia. The research involved 50 respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique, targeting employees who have worked for at least one year. Data collection methods included questionnaires, observation, and literature study. The data were analyzed using data quality tests (validity and reliability), classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing (t-test and F-test), and the coefficient of determination (R²), all processed with the assistance of SPSS version 25.The results showed that, based on the partial t-test, the work stress variable had a negative and significant effect on employee performance with a t value of -7.862 > t table 2.011, while the work environment variable had a positive and significant effect with a t value of 5.543 > t table 2.011. Simultaneously, both variables significantly affected employee performance, as indicated by an F value of 43.229 > F table 3.20 and a significance value of 0.000. The Adjusted R Square value of 0.633 indicates that 63.3% of the variation in employee performance can be explained by work stress and work environment.    

In the current era of globalization, human resources in a company play a very important role. The concentration of human resources is centered on people who have work ties in the company so that they can improve employee performance in it. One of the things that most affects employee performance is job dissatisfaction. Researchers added counterproduction work behavior as a mediating variable to consider employee reasons, why employees feel work stress towards job dissatisfaction. This study aims to determine the effect of work stress on job dissatisfaction with counterproduction work behavior as a mediating variable. This type of research is quantitative with an associative nature. The population in this study were employees of the Wayhalim branch of Mie Gacoan with a sample of 53 respondents, because this study used a non-probability sampling technique which was a saturated sampling type. Data processing with SmartPLS. Based on the research that has been done, the results are in accordance with the research hypothesis, namely that there is a positive and significant influence between work stress and job dissatisfaction. Work Stress has a positive and insignificant effect on counterproduction work behavior. Counterproduction work behavior has a positive and insignificant effect on job dissatisfaction. Counterproduction work behavior has a positive and insignificant effect on Job Stress and job dissatisfaction.  

This study aims to examine the mediating role of work motivation on the effect of work stress on employee performance. The sample consisted of 140 employees selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaire distribution. The data analysis technique employed in this study was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on variance or component-based SEM known as Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results indicate that work stress has a negative and significant effect on employee performance. Work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Work stress has a negative and significant effect on work motivation. Furthermore, work motivation mediates the effect of work stress on employee performance. Theoretically, the findings support previous research through the lens of Self-Determination Theory. Practically, the results provide valuable insights for companies to manage work stress effectively in order to improve employee performance and to enhance employee work motivation.