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The lack of critical thinking skills among students is one of the major issues in modern education systems. This study aims to analyze the weaknesses of traditional education systems that fail to provide space for the development of students' critical thinking skills and explore the relevance of Ivan Illich's critical education approach. This research employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach to understand Illich's Deschooling Society concept and connect it to educational phenomena in Indonesia, such as the Merdeka Curriculum, homeschooling, and project-based schools. The findings show that Illich's critical education approach can be applied to modern education systems to create more inclusive, flexible, and empowering learning environments. Illich's learning webs concept is relevant for enhancing student engagement in learning and building their critical thinking abilities. This study recommends educational reform that focuses on individual empowerment, creativity development, and improving analytical skills to face global challenges.

This final report aims to design a website-based electronic archiving system using PHP and MyAdmin. The data collection method used by the author in this research is the field research method through interviews, observation, library research, and descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques using the waterfall method, namely the Development Life Cycle (SDLC) system, which is used to develop information systems in the website creation process. This method uses a systematic and gradual approach. This electronic filing system can help companies overcome various obstacles when recording and rediscovering documents. Automating processes in the system in systematic recording and storage can save time and help provide information quickly so that the administrative process is smooth. Reduces the use of paper (less paper) because documents are stored in digital format, so documents will not pile up and can reduce the use of archive storage space. In electronic archiving, there is no longer a need to manually record the agenda for incoming and outgoing letters, because when recording transactions, incoming or outgoing letters will be automatically recorded on the agenda for incoming or outgoing letters. For the system to continue running optimally, it is recommended that companies carry out employee training, routine system maintenance, continuous development, implementation of information security policies, and regular system performance monitoring.  Implementing these recommendations is expected to increase operational efficiency and accessibility of company information

The management of tourist attractions and public facilities has undergone a significant transformation in recent years in line with technological developments. Previously, management was carried out manually by involving a lot of labor and human resources to maintain and manage its operations. However, digitalization has changed the way management is more efficient and organized. Digital-based systems are now widely applied to facilitate visitor access while increasing the effectiveness of tourist attraction management.  Digitalization aims to create a mutually beneficial relationship between managers and visitors through an optimally designed system. This study aims to analyze the design and design of the digital management system applied to Dalegan Beach in Gresik Regency, East Java. This system is expected to be able to simplify the administrative process, improve the visitor experience, and optimize the management of existing resources. Through a systematic approach, this research explores the functional and technical needs to create effective technology-based solutions. The implementation of this system is expected to be an example of the application of digitalization in the management of other tourist attractions, so that it can support the development of the tourism sector and increase competitiveness in an increasingly competitive industry.

This study aims to analyze security vulnerabilities and mitigation on the crowdo.co.id website using the OWASP Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP) tool, which is a web application security testing tool. High-level security attacks have increasingly risen alongside the advancement of information technology, making vulnerability testing crucial to ensure the integrity and security of information systems. This research involved scanning the crowdo.co.id website to identify various vulnerabilities, including those listed in the OWASP Top 10. The research process encompassed active and passive scanning, data analysis from the scans, and the formulation of mitigation strategies for each identified vulnerability. The findings revealed that the website had 14 detected vulnerabilities, consisting of 1 high-priority vulnerability, 3 medium-priority vulnerabilities, 7 low-priority vulnerabilities, and 3 additional informational alerts. The security dimensions tested included potential XSS attacks, SQL Injection, and other deficiencies that could jeopardize user data. Based on these results, recommended mitigations include code improvements, enhanced security configurations, and the implementation of additional preventive measures. This study concludes that while the website’s security is in the medium category, further improvements are necessary to reduce vulnerability risks. Through this approach, the study provides significant contributions to enhancing web application security.

Effective financial management remains a significant challenge for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), including Moon Cafe, which previously operated without a structured system for recording cash flow. The lack of such a system impeded the ability to track financial performance and business development effectively. To address this issue, a web-based cash flow management system was introduced to improve transparency, accuracy, and efficiency in documenting financial transactions. Data collection methods such as interviews, observations, and documentation were employed to identify the needs and challenges faced by the business. The implementation results showed that the web-based system streamlined the process of real-time cash flow recording, organized financial data more effectively, and generated accurate and well-structured reports. Additionally, the system enhanced operational efficiency and offered greater financial management flexibility. With improved accessibility through digital devices, Moon Cafe can monitor its financial health more effectively and make faster strategic decisions, fostering sustainable business growth.

This research presents the development of a Decision Support System aimed at assisting in the enhancement of palm oil production using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The rapid growth in the palm oil industry necessitates a scientific approach to selecting seedlings with optimal growth potential and yield. In this context, the application of artificial intelligence-based technology, such as decision support systems, is essential in the process of selecting superior palm oil seedlings. The objective of this study is to model the criteria for selecting the most superior palm oil seedlings using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method by comparing three criteria: leaflet shape, seedling root shape, and prospective trunk size. The result of this process is a decision support system that displays the value range of each palm oil seedling variety, thus facilitating farmers in choosing the most superior seedlings.

Community service is one of the implementations of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education aimed at providing tangible solutions to social problems. This program was conducted in RT 34, Karang Joang Subdistrict, Balikpapan, focusing on two main issues: the lack of transparency and security in tenant reporting and the limited access to education for children. The solutions implemented include developing a website-based information system to digitally manage tenant data and interactive educational programs in English and Mathematics. The results show that the website successfully enhanced transparency and security by reducing the potential for fraud cases. Furthermore, the educational programs improved children’s literacy and academic skills, particularly in Mathematics and English. Pre- and post-program analyses revealed significant improvements in the community's digital literacy. Thus, this community service program positively contributes to supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in quality education and strong institutions. It is expected that this program can be replicated and further developed for broader communities. , , ,, 

The web-based land transportation management system is a modern solution for managing transportation operations by utilizing web technology to facilitate monitoring, scheduling, and optimization of fleet usage. This study aims to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the implementation of a web-based land transportation management system using SWOT analysis. The results of this study are expected to serve as a guide for companies or transportation management agencies in designing and developing efficient and effective systems. Although there are several challenges, such as dependency on stable internet infrastructure and relatively high implementation costs, the potential benefits, such as increased operational efficiency, cost reduction, and improved customer service quality, make this system highly relevant and have strong prospects for application in the land transportation industry.

Mastering technology is essential in the digital age, particularly for building programming skills. However, a lack of access to good learning materials and adaptable learning systems remains a major challenge. This research intends to create a digital-based coding course platform that effectively and efficiently supports technical learning. To provide the best learning experience, the platform includes different features such as organized learning materials, hands-on exercises, and automated evaluations. The development methods used include analyzing user needs and implementing modern web technologies. Testing results indicate that the platform can enhance users' grasp of coding concepts and encourage them to keep learning. The platform is anticipated to offer innovative solutions for technology education for various groups, from students to professionals.

Software testing is a critical phase in information system development to ensure the system's quality and reliability. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and functionality of PT Perta Sakti Abadi's financial information system using the black-box testing method with the Equivalence Partitioning (EP) technique. This technique allows input data to be grouped into valid and invalid categories, minimizing test cases without reducing testing coverage. The testing focuses on the login feature as the system's primary component by evaluating various input combinations. The testing scenarios include boundary conditions to ensure the system handles inputs correctly in various situations.The results indicate that the system successfully verifies valid credentials, rejects access with invalid data, and provides informative error messages. Additionally, the system demonstrates resilience in handling testing scenarios, including inputs with special characters and empty fields. Input validation mechanisms function optimally, supporting secure user access and ensuring the login feature aligns with functional specifications. This successful testing forms a strong foundation for testing other modules, such as multi-level authentication and data encryption. Thus, the Equivalence Partitioning technique within the black-box testing method proves effective in enhancing the quality of web-based financial information systems.

important for various groups of people, especially in supporting appropriate decision making through the use of information technology. In the business world, an efficient system can provide real-time information, thus simplifying operational processes. However, at Toko Tri Karya, the process of selling groceries is still done manually, starting from inputting sales data to making reports. This causes various obstacles, such as delays in data processing and the possibility of errors. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and design a web-based sales information system that can improve efficiency and effectiveness in data management. This system will be designed using the PHP programming language, which will provide convenience for the admin in managing sales information. Hopefully, with the application of this computerized system, Toko Tri Karya can overcome existing problems and achieve more optimal results.

The purpose of setting up SIMRS is to improve efficiency, effectiveness, professionalism, performance, and access and services in hospitals. In the preparation of this paper, data was collected through observation methods, interviews, literature studies, and the application of software development models using the waterfall method. The result is the design of a web-based patient registration information system using Laravel and MySQL as a database. Hospitals face several problems, including data redundancy in the input process and less than optimal data presentation, making it difficult to manipulate, change, and delete data. The author hopes that the development of a new information system can simplify and speed up the data input process. The information system designed is expected to make it easier for patients to register online as well as assist admins in the patient registration process, making it easier to make registration reports.    

Computerized accounting is a system used to process company transaction data by using computers as a technological medium for application work processes and to produce financial reports for a company. The use and application of computer technology in office activities is a requirement and fairness that is needed, without having to eliminate manual systems. The use of computers will be able to improve employee performance in supporting activities in an agency or company. Financial management within the regional scope is the regional task and authority in organizing regional agencies which includes several sections including budgeting, income, expenditure, and accounting and accountability. The aim of this research is to design a web-based computerized accounting system for regional income and expenditure in Wates Village. And create a computerized accounting system that can assist the process of recording and storing web-based regional income and regional expenditure transaction data which produces regional income and expenditure report information. In creating a computerized system for regional income and expenditure, the software used is Sublime Texet3. Data storage uses MySQL and programming languages ​​use PHP and HTML. The research results show that the computerized accounting system makes it easier for finance employees to record financial transactions. Then financial reports are produced more quickly and data errors can be minimized and more structured data is stored in the database. So this new system really helps agencies in Wates Ngaliyan Village, Semarang, where the application is equipped with a menu for input, processes and reports that process transactions, both income and expenditure.

WebGis is a service that has geographic information. Geographic information systems have many spatial data types, namely points, lines, areas, and surfaces. GIS is a computer-based application whose data will be managed by spatial and attribute data. The distribution of graduates on Sumba Island is very large and has not been properly recorded so the data collection has not been properly recorded. Therefore, researchers conduct research and find solutions by recording alumni and managing the data into a system that can be recorded properly through spatial data information in the form of maps with databases so that the search for alumni distribution can be tracked properly.

In the digital business environment, web-based Point of Sale (POS) systems play a vital role in supporting transaction processing, inventory management, and operational decision-making. Ensuring the functional reliability of such systems is essential, particularly in critical authentication features that regulate user access. However, undetected functional errors within login and registration modules may disrupt operations, compromise data integrity, and reduce user experience quality. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the functionality of the Wingpos website, focusing specifically on the login and registration features. The research applies the Black Box Testing approach using the Equivalence Partitioning technique, which enables systematic functional validation by classifying input data into representative valid and invalid partitions without requiring access to source code. The testing process involved designing structured test cases, executing input scenarios, and comparing actual system outputs with expected results. The findings reveal that most authentication processes function in accordance with system specifications, as seven out of ten test scenarios produced expected outcomes. Nevertheless, three discrepancies were identified, including inconsistent error message validation in the login feature and the system’s inability to properly verify invalid email domains during registration. These results indicate that while the system demonstrates general functional reliability, certain validation mechanisms require refinement. In conclusion, the application of Black Box Testing with the Equivalence Partitioning technique proves effective in identifying functional gaps and supporting quality assurance processes in web-based POS systems, particularly in strengthening authentication feature reliability and improving overall system performance

This study aims to analyze and develop the management of guidance and counseling (GC) services through a website at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri (MTsN) 8 Jember. The primary focus is to understand the implementation of web-based systems to support GC services, improve communication efficiency among counselors, students, and parents, and systematically document service outcomes. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that the website as a medium for GC services accelerates the information delivery process, facilitates students in accessing counseling services, and increases parental participation. Additionally, the system supports structured data management, making service evaluation more efficient. With proper management, the website becomes an effective tool in achieving GC objectives at MTsN 8 Jember.  

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become essential technological tools for collecting, storing, processing, analyzing, and visualizing spatial data to support various human activities. The rapid advancement of information technology has significantly expanded the use of GIS, particularly through web-based platforms and mobile applications, enabling wider accessibility and real-time data utilization. This study focuses on analyzing the utilization of GIS applications and websites across multiple sectors and their contributions to improving efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making processes in daily life. The main objective of this research is to identify, evaluate, and synthesize recent developments in GIS implementation through a systematic literature review. Scientific articles were collected from reputable international and national journals published within the last five years (2018–2022). A total of 130 international journals and 100 national journals were initially identified through database searches. After applying relevance screening and inclusion criteria, 33 selected articles were analyzed in depth to extract key findings, application trends, and potential research gaps. The results show that GIS applications and web-based systems play a vital role in supporting various sectors. In education, GIS facilitates spatial mapping for industrial internship placement (PRAKERIN) and school zoning management. In healthcare, GIS assists in mapping healthcare facilities, including pharmacies and hospitals, to improve service accessibility. In transportation, GIS-based systems provide route planning, traffic monitoring, and public transport information to enhance mobility and reduce congestion. GIS applications are also increasingly applied in environmental monitoring, disaster management, urban planning, and natural resource management. Overall, this study emphasizes the growing importance of GIS technologies as strategic tools for data-driven decision-making and sustainable development. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in optimizing GIS-based solutions to improve public services and quality of life.

Along with the development of the times, we see many hotels experiencing changes. A change that is rarely reviewed as a news topic is the software overhaul that occurs in hotels from offline to online systems. Lay people only see changes in hotels from a visible perspective, without having to know whether the hotel's system and system applications have changed. One of the factors in system development at Hotel Cipta is the need for hotel management to prioritize the development of system applications from offline to online systems, even web-based. It is not easy to overhaul an existing system application compared to creating a new system application. There are several software engineering methods and models that are commonly used to analyze system needs and design systems in the software development process. One of them is the incremental delivery model. This makes it interesting to try to apply the incremental delivery model to the development of the Hotel Cipta information system application by taking place at the Hotel Cipta on KH. Wachid Hasyim Street, Central Jakarta. In this study, the object of research is the Front Office department.

The development of information technology has encouraged various educational institutions to switch from manual systems to more efficient and integrated digital systems. One important activity in school management is the process of scheduling teachers' lessons, which often takes a long time and has the potential to cause scheduling conflicts when done manually. Common problems that often arise include conflicts between teachers' teaching hours, incompatibility of classroom availability, and difficulties in adjusting schedules to teachers' preferences. Therefore, this study aims to design and develop a web-based teacher scheduling information system by applying the Greedy algorithm method as a solution to optimize automatic schedule compilation. This system was developed using the PHP programming language and MySQL database with a Waterfall development model approach. The implementation results show that the system is capable of producing teaching schedules quickly, accurately, and with minimal time conflicts. Thus, the application of the Greedy algorithm has proven to be effective in improving efficiency, accuracy, and flexibility in managing teacher schedules in a school environment.

Village independence is one of the priorities in national development, especially in improving the welfare of rural communities. Information technology (IT) has an important role in speeding up this process, especially in the current digital era. This research aims to implement the application of information technology to encourage village independence, both in economic, administrative and social aspects. The method used is a case study in Village X, with a qualitative approach through interviews, observation and documentation analysis. The research results show that the application of IT, such as village information systems, local e-commerce, and web-based administration applications, is able to increase the efficiency of public services, expand market access for village products, and increase participation in village development communities. Thus, the correct application of IT can be an important pillar in realizing independent villages in the digital era.