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A will is a legal instrument that enables an individual to determine the distribution of their assets after death. One type recognized in the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata) is the closed will (testament olograph), written or signed confidentially by the testator and submitted to a notary before four witnesses. This form of will emphasizes secrecy and the protection of the testator’s final intentions, requiring a clear legal framework to ensure its validity and lawful execution. Within this framework, the Balai Harta Peninggalan, or Heritage Hall, functions as a state institution responsible for receiving, safeguarding, unsealing, and executing closed wills after the testator’s death. The institution’s role ensures that the process is orderly, transparent, and legally compliant. This study examines the procedural mechanism for administering closed wills by the Balai Harta Peninggalan, covering the stages from unsealing to execution in accordance with statutory provisions. Using a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the research analyzes the Civil Code, implementing regulations, and legal literature. The findings show that the execution of closed wills under Balai Harta Peeninggalan’s authority is well regulated under Indonesian law and plays a key role in ensuring legal certainty and protecting heirs’ rights. However, administrative obstacles and low public awareness remain significant challenges.

Putusan Nomor 188/Pdt.G/2013/PN.Smg terkait kasus surat wasiat yang disusun oleh Kho Bing Nio di hadapan notaris dinyatakan tidak sah karena melanggar hak mutlak ahli waris ab intestato. Ahli waris testamentair bersikukuh mempertahankan isi wasiat dan menolak memberikan bagian warisan yang seharusnya menjadi hak ahli waris ab intestato. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis testamen yang dibatalkan oleh Pengadilan Negeri Semarang, pertimbangan hakim, dan akibat hukum atas testamen yang dibatalkan dalam Putusan 188/Pdt.G/2013/PN.Smg. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini : 1) Mengapa testamen dapat dibatalkan oleh Pengadilan? 2) Apakah yang menjadi pertimbangan hakim dalam Putusan 188//Pdt.G/2013/PN.Smg? 3) Apakah akibat hukum testamen yang dibatalkan menurut Putusan 188//Pdt.G/2013/PN.Smg? Metode penelitian ini termasuk yuridis normative dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Testamen dibatalkan oleh Pengadilan melalui putusan Pengadilan Negeri Semarang menyatakan batal demi hukum testamen yang dibuat berdasarkan Akta Nomor 9 tanggal 6 Maret 1999 dan Akta Nomor 1 tanggal 29 Desember 2003 karena bertentangan dengan Pasal 913 KUH.Perdata dan Pasal 881 ayat (2) KUH.Perdata. (2) Hakim memutuskan untuk dilakukan inkorting dalam menerapkan ketentuan Pasal 920 KUHPerdata serta untuk memenuhi rasa keadilan pihak penerima hibah wasiat dan legitimaris (3) Dengan dibatalkannya testamen, ketentuan atau hak penerima testamen menjadi hilang karena dengan dibatalkannya testamen maka peristiwa hukum tersebut menjadi tidak ada. Terlebih alasan pembatalan testamen dikarenakan bagiannya melanggar bagian legitime portie sehingga hakim memutuskan bahwa Para Penggugat dan Tergugat I berhak atas bagian yang sama atas objek sengketa masing-masing 1/5 bagian.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hak waris anak angkat yang tidak didaftarkan, pertimbangan orang tua angkat dalam memberikan harta warisan, serta perlindungan hukum yang tersedia bagi anak angkat yang tidak didaftarkan. Dalam masyarakat patrilineal atau matrilineal, jika orang tua tidak memiliki keturunan atau penerus keturunan, maka kemenakan bertali darah diangkat sebagai pengganti. Anak kemenakan ini diurus, dipelihara, dan diberikan pendidikan atas dasar rasa kekeluargaan dan perikemanusiaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Pendekatan ini berdasarkan pada hukum yang berlaku dan kenyataan dalam praktek, yang bersumber pada data primer berupa wawancara langsung dan data sekunder berupa kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak angkat yang tidak didaftarkan tidak berhak mendapatkan warisan dari orang tua angkatnya karena secara status anak angkat tidak dapat menjadi ahli waris. Namun, anak angkat tetap memiliki porsi dari pembagian harta yang di tinggalkan oleh orang tua angkatnya, yaitu dengan hibah atau wasiat wajibah yang bagianya diatur maksimal hanya 1/3 dari harta pewaris. Pertimbangan orang tua angkat dalam memberikan harta peninggalan kepada anak angkatnya bukan hanya berdasarkan status sebagai anak angkat, melainkan juga karena orang tua angkat masih memiliki hubungan keluarga dengan orang tua kandung dari anak angkat tersebut yang sudah meninggal. Perlindungan hukum bagi anak angkat yang tidak didaftarkan bisa didapatkan berdasarkan KHI Pasal 209, ayat (1), serta ketentuan-ketentuan lain yang mendukung. Oleh karena itu, meskipun tidak didaftarkan, anak angkat tetap memiliki hak yang dilindungi oleh hukum dan dapat menerima bagian dari harta peninggalan orang tua angkatnya melalui hibah atau wasiat wajibah.

This will system has been running since ancient times, not only the Islamic religion regulates it, but every community has an understanding of wills. A will is a gift of property from a person to another person or to several people whose implementation is after the person's death. The type of research used is library research, because the study is focused on library materials by tracing and examining academic standard literature. Methods of data collection in the form of books, journals, and Islamic law compilation regulations (KHI). The results of the study show that Syafiiyah's legal view of wills applies to anyone who is not an heir. However, there are limitations to giving the will. Where, a person is only entitled to bequeath a small portion of his property. This is intended so that the will does not harm the heirs left behind. Meanwhile, the pillars in the will in the view of fiwih Syafiiyah are the person who inherits, the person who is inherited, the will and the presence of sighar or consent qabul. Whereas the will according to positive law states that the existence of article 195 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) can be realized in the current Indonesian context because in general the existence of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) includes article 195.

Ahli Waris Pengganti adalah bukan salah satu ahli waris sejak awal, tetapi karena keadaan kerabat menurut hukum, Ahli Waris dapat menjadi ahli waris dan mewarisi sebagai Ahli Waris jika Pewaris tidak meninggalkan  seorang anak, melainkan meninggalkan seorang cucu baik laki-laki maupun perempuan melalui anak laki-laki. Dalam KUH Perdata ada yang disebut dengan plaatzvervulling wasiat yang mengikat, dalam pasal 185 KHI disebut ahli waris yang dilindungi, bukan ahli waris pengganti. Di Indonesia kedudukan ahli waris pengganti pada prinsipnya tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kedudukan hukum waris Islam di Indonesia. Ayat 2 Pasal 178, Pasal 181, 182 dan Pasal 185 KHI menjelaskan bahwa ahli waris pengganti memiliki pembatasan terhadap ahli waris menurut garis kekerabatan sampai ke garis cucu, dan garis ahli waris laki-laki dapat diangkat kembali oleh kedua anak laki-laki tersebut. dan perempuan. Pelaksanaan syariat Islam tidak dapat dipisahkan dari prinsip kepribadian Islami. Munculnya prinsip kepribadian Islami ini awalnya dikaitkan dengan lahirnya teori resepsi di kompleks Van den Berg. Teori penerimaan secara keseluruhan pada dasarnya dijelaskan bahwa hukum adat di Indonesia adalah hukum setiap agama, maka hukum bagi penduduk asli menganut agama Islam adalah hukum Islam, yang juga berlaku bagi non-muslim.  

This journal writing was conducted to discuss the topic of Islamic Inheritance Law, especially in terms of transferring assets through a mandatory will. This study uses normative juridical and empirical juridical methods with data in the form of secondary data. This research has the result that KHI (Compilation of Islamic Law), as a rational formulation of Islamic Inheritance Law, has practically explained the rules of Obligatory wills. Obligatory wills in KHI are an alternative in giving inheritance to adopted children. Then in the development of inheritance law in court institutions, in this case the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia, actually made the Obligatory will as a way to provide inheritance shares for heirs of different religions. The obligatory testament rules as an alternative to the transfer of rights to the wealth of non-Muslim heirs must still pay attention to the principles. The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia has expanded Article 209 KHI by adding parties that can receive a mandatory will, including heirs who are prevented from inheriting because they are non-Muslims.

Pembagian warisan di antara para ahli waris secara adil sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam ditentukan oleh pengaturan hak waris menurut hukum Islam. Persoalan warisan saat ini terkait dengan warisan kepada anak kandung yang bukan muslim atau non muslim, hal ini dikarenakan peredaran harta warisan kepada anak non muslim atau berbeda agama jelas tidak diperbolehkan. mendapatkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif yang menitikberatkan pada pendekatan perundang-undangan dan produk perilaku hukum. Oleh karena itu, dalam prakteknya, hakim masih dapat menggunakan putusan pengadilan untuk menentukan hak waris berdasarkan wasiat wajib bagi anak kandung non muslim atau agama lain. Hal ini bertentangan dengan Pasal 171 huruf (c) Sidang Hukum Islam (KHI) yang memaknai bahwa pengaturan umum sebagai penerus utama adalah dia harus beragama Islam, segala sesuatunya sama, pilihan memberikan pemerataan dan keadilan. keuntungan bagi keluarga.  

Inheritance by testament (ad testamento) is a deed that contains a person's statement about what he or she wants for wealth after he dies. The testament or will that is made must be in the form of a deed and notarial deed. This means that making a will requires the name of a public official to ratify the will. If it is not made before a notary, then the testator who wrote his own will can submit the will to the notary after it has been signed. As long as the testator has not died, the will can be changed or revoked by him. In contrast to an agreement that requires the agreement of the parties involved, a will is one-sided which means a statement of the will of the heir, or does not require the approval of the heirs. To protect the rights of the heirs, the heir cannot ignore the absolute rights of the heirs themselves when the inheritance is divided by a testament that exceeds the absolute rights of the heirs (in the event that there are legal heirs)

In Indonesia, there has been no unification or no entity which regulates adoption. Fostering or adoption is still causing problems for communities and governments. Not only in terms of the appointment, but also the problem of the division of property of the adoptive parents. Based on this, the authors raised the title "Judicial Review was borrowed against Children Raise In The Compilation of Islamic Law (Case Study sues Inheritance Case Number: 029 / Pdt.G / 2014 / PTA.Smg)".The formulation of the problem of legal writing this study is (1) How was borrowed Against Judicial Review Adopted In KHI (Compilation of Islamic Law)? (2) How does the provision of the foster child is based on was borrowed from the estate of her adoptive parents in the case of contested inheritance case Number : 029 / Pdt.G/ 2014 / PTA.Smg? This study uses normative juridical approach to the specification of descriptive analytical research, the research aims to describe the legal review inheritance rights of adopted children according to Islamic Law Compilation (Case Study sues Inheritance Case Number: 029 / Pdt.G / 2014 / PTA.Smg). Besides, in this study, the authors used secondary data consisting of secondary law and primary legal materials. How to collect data through library research. Library method is done by examining the primary legal materials, and secondary on granting was borrowed against adopted children. Research results obtained are based on a review of juridical was borrowed against the adopted child in Compilation of Islamic Law, a foster child who did not inherit from his adoptive parents can get the name of administration, where the provision of children's lift can be done through was borrowed, as stated in Article 209 KHI , Giving the foster child is based on was borrowed from the estate of her adoptive parents in the case of contested inheritance case Number: 029 / Pdt.G / 2014 / PTA.Smg namely, the adopted child can receive inheritance from her adoptive parents or heir through "was borrowed" a maximum the amount of 1/3 (one third) part of the overall property adoptive parents as article 209 Compilation of Islamic Law in Indonesia, with the proviso is not an heir and has not received agrant.

ABSTRACT The last will (wasiat) of deceased person is a part of law regulation that conducted by society. This regulation gene rally has been introduced by Islamic law and other system of law in Indonesia. The will according to fight is only one side’s action and it becomes charity agreement, meanwhile according to            Al-Qur’an and prophet tradition, the position of the will constitutes integrative position in term of Islamic inheritance law. For that reason, it needs reinterpreting so that the will becomes as an instrument to change family law in Indonesia. Keywords : Last will, Figh, Indonesia, Family of Law.