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This research examines the application of the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) in a blockchain system as a security solution for digital payment systems in Indonesia. Using a descriptive-qualitative approach based on literature review and conceptual simulations using Python, this study discusses the working principles of ECDSA, its advantages over other digital signature algorithms, and the challenges of its adoption in Indonesia. The results show that ECDSA provides high cryptographic efficiency, maintains transaction authenticity and integrity, and supports a transparent decentralized system. The academic simulations include not only KYC processes, top-ups, transactions, validation by validators, and block recording, but also demonstrates the formation of an interconnected multi-level blockchain and tests scenarios for rejecting manipulated or invalid transactions. The contribution of this research lies not only in the theoretical review but also in the implementation illustrations that can be used as a basis for education and the initial development of blockchain-based digital payment systems. The research results show that ECDSA is capable of providing a high level of efficiency in the encryption and transaction verification process, maintaining data integrity and authenticity, and supporting a decentralized and transparent system. The academic simulations included the KYC process, wallet creation using ECDSA keys, balance top-ups through bank integration, transaction creation and validation, and block recording in the blockchain. Specifically, the simulations successfully demonstrated how new blocks are added to the chain by referencing the previous block's hash, as well as how transactions with corrupted signatures, manipulated amounts, or insufficient balances are automatically rejected by the validator consensus mechanism, maintaining system integrity. This research contributes not only theoretically, but also through conceptual representations that can be used as an educational foundation and for the initial development of blockchain-based digital payment systems in Indonesia.

PT. Tirta Fresindo Jaya, specifically its Pasuruan plant as the producer of Pucuk Harum Tea beverage, requires a large supply of steam to support various production processes. This steam is used in the process of heating tea leaves, heating water through a heat exchanger, and heating chemicals and water in the cleaning in place (CIP) process. Steam pressure of 5 bar that is flowed to the process equipment will undergo condensation to produce condensate. To separate steam and condensate, steam traps are used, consisting of several types, namely mechanical, thermostatic, and thermodynamic. However, in operational practice, steam trap malfunctions often occur, either in the form of steam leaks that are wasted with condensate or failure to drain condensate from the system. This condition causes a decrease in the efficiency of the steam piping system and increases the workload of the boiler. As a result, fuel consumption and boiler feed water requirements become greater than ideal conditions. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the energy and operational losses caused by steam trap malfunctions, as well as evaluate their impact on boiler system performance and steam utilization efficiency at PT. Tirta Fresindo Jaya Pasuruan plant.      

Lirik lagu merupakan pesan atau pemikiran yang memiliki nada. Beberapa lirik lagu harus dianalisis terlebih dahulu agar para pendengar mengerti pesan atau makna yang ingin disampaikan oleh musisi atau penulis lagu. Peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Metode deskriptif kualitatif biasanya digunakan untuk menganalisis makna yang terdapat pada lirik lagu. Data diperoleh dari analisis lirik lagu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat banyak makna konotatif pada lirik lagu “Adaptasi” karya Tulus. Setelah penelitian ini selesai, peneliti mengharapkan para pembaca dan pendengar lebih memahami makna lagu tersebut.

This research aims to see how the concept of utilitarianism is applied in Indonesia. The application of the theory of utilitarianism will be studied more deeply in terms of law enforcement in society. Of course, through this method it can be seen that utilities that are useful and benefit the whole community will have more value than a legal decision that only benefits each party. One figure, Jeremy Bentham, said that the aim of law must fulfill three aspects, namely Justice, Certainty and Benefit. Therefore, legal objectives must be met so that the regulations or legal products formed by law bearers are expected to fulfill these three aspects perfectly. However, the truth of these three aspects as the objectives of creating a legal product that must exist, must be examined more deeply, whether it is true that the law has perfectly created justice, has certainty, and must provide benefits to society. The data collection method was carried out by studying literacy and statutory regulations and conducting qualitative descriptive data analysis.  

Utilization of fermented layer chicken excreta as a feed medium for Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggots is a sustainable solution for organic waste management. Chicken excreta contains 13-32% crude protein, but has disadvantages such as unbalanced nutrient composition and unpleasant odor. Fermentation of chicken excreta can improve maggot production performance by reducing pathogens, odor, and facilitating digestion. The growth medium of 50% excreta + 50% tofu dregs produced the highest PK, which was 34.34%. The lowest SK and LK were obtained from the growth medium of 50% excreta + 50% tofu dregs and 25% excreta + 75% tofu dregs. Based on physical conditions, the longest and heaviest maggot sizes were obtained from the growth medium of 50% excreta + 50% bran + 5 ml EM4. Meanwhile, the shortest maggots were obtained from the growth medium of 75% coconut dregs + 25% excreta and the lightest maggots were obtained from the growth medium of 100% excreta.

This study aims to optimize the implementation of the K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) algorithm for medical image classification by focusing on selecting the optimal KKK parameter and applying dimensionality reduction techniques to improve accuracy and efficiency. The data used was sourced from public medical image repositories such as The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) and Medical Image Analysis datasets, covering various diseases, including brain tumors, lung cancer, and kidney lesions. The research process involves data collection, data preprocessing, dimensionality reduction using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), applying the K-NN algorithm with Euclidean, Minkowski, and Cosine distance metrics, and performance evaluation using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Experimental results demonstrate that K=5with the Euclidean distance metric provides the best performance, achieving an accuracy of 90%. Additionally, PCA effectively reduces computational time by 30% without significantly compromising accuracy. This study proves that K-NN is an effective method for medical image classification. However, further research is needed to integrate K-NN with deep learning models to enhance performance and feature extraction capabilities.

In the current digital era, learning videos have become a popular alternative for delivering information and teaching materials. Therefore, it is important to analyze the effectiveness of speech acts, especially directive speech acts used in educational videos. The purpose of this study is to analyze and realize the number of speech acts, namely in directive speech acts in the Playlist of Taman Edukasi: Kenalan sama Animasi in the youtube channel Kok Bisa?. The approach used in this research is pragmatic theoretical approach and descriptive qualitative. Researchers used listening and recording techniques on the Taman Edukasi: Kenalan sama Animasi in the youtube channel Kok Bisa?. The researcher used descriptive qualitative method of research based on postpositive philosophy which is used to study natural things to collect data, agih method and pairing method used to analyze this data. From the data analysis conducted, it was found that there were 152 directive speech acts, there were 5 types of directive speech acts namely invitation, command, prohibition, advice, advice. The results of the analysis in this article can provide further understanding of the role of directive speech acts in the context of video-based learning and material development by paying attention to directive speech acts.

In the current digital era, learning videos have become a popular alternative for delivering information and teaching materials. Therefore, it is important to analyze the effectiveness of speech acts, especially directive speech acts used in educational videos. The purpose of this study is to analyze and realize the number of speech acts, namely in directive speech acts in the Playlist of Taman Edukasi: Kenalan sama Animasi in the youtube channel Kok Bisa?. The approach used in this research is pragmatic theoretical approach and descriptive qualitative. Researchers used listening and recording techniques on the Taman Edukasi: Kenalan sama Animasi in the youtube channel Kok Bisa?. The researcher used descriptive qualitative method of research based on postpositive philosophy which is used to study natural things to collect data, agih method and pairing method used to analyze this data. From the data analysis conducted, it was found that there were 152 directive speech acts, there were 5 types of directive speech acts namely invitation, command, prohibition, advice, advice. The results of the analysis in this article can provide further understanding of the role of directive speech acts in the context of video-based learning and material development by paying attention to directive speech acts.

Language and semiotics have a close relationship and are interrelated. Language is a system of signs that humans use to communicate, while semiotics is the science that studies signs. Semiotics is a science that studies signs. This paper aims to describe the semiotic studies contained in the lyrics of the albums "Human" and "Monochrome". Apart from that, it also describes the albums "Humans" and Monochrome" as learning material for analyzing poetry texts in class X SMA. This research uses a descriptive approach using a qualitative method. The descriptive approach utilizes data in the form of a deep understanding of the use of semiotic signs in song lyrics, as well as being able to understand the meaning and context in their use. The conclusion of the analysis is as follows: Study of the semiotics of the lyrics of the albums "Manusia" and "Monochrome" by Tulus, that the signifiers found in this research are in the form of song lyrics, in the form of the suffixes a, u, i, ng, ar, am, ang. The signified found in this research is related to social reality, has meaning regarding the value of motivation towards other people, the value of optimism, and the value of love for someone as a whole of the song lyrics. The album "Human" and Monochrome" by Tulus can be used as learning material to analyze poetry texts in class X high school. Learning the semiotics of a collection of song lyrics from Tulus can improve students' ability to understand feelings, imagination, sensitivity and understanding of the characters depicted.

Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) is an infectious disease that attacks the upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract which can be caused by the entry of bacteria and viruses into the respiratory tract which lasts for 14 days. This counseling aims to improve mother’s knowledge and handling of coughs and colds in toddlers. The method used is to provide materials and practices as well as a questionnaire session to mothers of toddlers who attend the RW 8 Tulusrejo integrated health service post. After the counseling, the results obtained were that mothers knew how to handle coughs and colds in toddlers by doing common cold massage.

Elderly is the final stage of adulthood where a person will enter the age of 60 and above. In the elderly, osteoarthritis occurs more often in the knee joints (knee osteoarthritis) than in other areas, such as the joints of the hands and hips. The most common clinical symptoms are pain that arises gradually and worsens over time, stiffness, crepitus, and joint motion restrictions. The purpose of this study was to educate the elderly about the meaning of knee osteoarthritis, risk factors, signs and symptoms, prevention efforts, and exercises that can be done at home. The method used was to provide counseling in the form of health promotion about knee osteoarthritis to the elderly with leaflets as a medium for counseling. Pre-test and post-test were given to measure the effectiveness of counseling. The conclusion of this study was that the activity went smoothly, was well realized, and received enthusiasm from the participants. The results obtained based on the evaluation were an increase in the knowledge and understanding of the elderly community in Tulusrejo Village regarding knee osteoarthritis.

Hypertension is a condition of the blood circulation system that causes an increase in blood pressure above normal values ​​or blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg. Prolonged increase in blood pressure can trigger the risk of stroke, heart failure, and kidney failure. Community service activities are one of the efforts to implement physiotherapy services, one form of counseling is by addressing problems that are widely complained about by the community. The purpose of the counseling is to provide knowledge about hypertension and how to do exercises to reduce neck pain independently at home. The method used is in the form of education and stretching exercises using leaflets as a counseling medium. Counseling is carried out by providing pre-tests and post-tests in the form of questions to patients to assess the effectiveness of the counseling that will be given to the elderly community. The results of the counseling went smoothly and from the evaluation there was an increase in participant knowledge from 0% to 100%, which in counseling activities can increase participant knowledge about how to deal with neck pain caused by hypertension.

Smart City is the first step with the concept of a region that combines information and communication technology packaged with regional authenticity. Smart City aims to help provide better public services. With several government regulations that have developed related to smart cities, it is hoped that technological developments can improve the quality of life of the people so as to encourage sustainability. The forerunner in moving towards a smart city is seen from the potential of an area that can be developed. Smart Cultural Heritage is a regional concept that combines technology with cultural heritage to promote, enhance, and preserve culture by involving technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR) and others. Tulusbesar Village is a village located in Tumpang District, Malang Regency which is rich in culture, but on the other hand the community does not have the ability to utilize technology in its development. The PPK Ormawa BEM FEB UM team initiated Mojangki.id innovations made with the needs of the community in the field of arts and culture to increase the Cultural Capital of Tulusbesar Village so that Mojangki.id innovations have a positive impact on increasing profits and managing tourism assets of Tulusbesar Cultural Village.

This research aims to: (1) determine the influence of office layout on employee work morale at the Tasikmadu District Office, Karanganyar Regency (2) determine the influence of communication on employee work morale at the Tasikmadu District Office, Karanganyar Regency (3) determine the influence of office layout and communication overall. together on the work spirit of employees at the Tasikmadu District Office, Karanganyar Regency. This research uses quantitative methods, the population in this research is all employees at the Tasikmadu District Office, Karanganyar Regency. The sampling technique was 37 at the Jaten District Office, Karanganyar Regency using saturated samples. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire technique. Data analysis techniques use the classic assumption test, t test, f test, multiple regression analysis. The results of this research are (1) there is an influence of office layout (layout) on the work spirit of employees at the Tasikmadu District Office, Karanganyar Regency. The t test shows that t_count is 3.429 > t_table 2.028, and the significance level is 0.002 < 0.05, so H_o is rejected and H_1 is accepted. (2) there is an influence of communication on the work spirit of employees at the Tasikmadu District Office, Karanganyar Regency. The t test shows that t_count is 3.928 > t_table 2.028, there is a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05, so H_o is rejected and H_2 is accepted. (3) there is an influence of office layout (layout) and communication on the work spirit of employees at the Tasikmadu District Office, Karanganyar Regency. The results of the F Test data processing show that F_(count ) 37.178 > F_(table ) 3.260, and the significance level is 0.000 < 0.05, so H_o is rejected and H_3 is accepted.    

The teaching material of a student can come from anywhere, one of which is an oration text. In an oration text, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of content, effective sentences, and language suitability. This research aims to know the quality of content and language suitability contained in the Mendikbudristek oration text on National Education Day 2023 for a tenth-grade SMA student's teaching material. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method. This qualitative descriptive method is used to investigate and explain matters related to a fact that occurs in the surrounding environment. Additionally, the data analysis in the study is conducted using the method of agih. The method of agih is a method where the determining tool is part of the language concerned. The result of this research is that there are still several errors in the Mendikbudristek oration text on National Education Day 2023 and 2024, including spelling errors, incorrect words, and word economy. This causes some sentences to be ineffective and the information provided is not well conveyed to the reader. It is hoped that this research can provide knowledge to readers so that they can understand language rules and linguistic norms, thus ensuring that the purpose of the provided information is well conveyed to the public.

The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of band learning in class XI of SMK Negeri 7 Padang. This type of research is a quantitative research with a descriptive analysis method. The research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments in the form of documentation and diary.  Data was collected through literature studies, observations, interviews, and documentation. The steps of analyzing the data are data reduction and conclusions/withdrawal/verification. The results of the study show that the band learning process in Class XI Music SMK Negeri 7 Padang consists of planning, implementation and evaluation. Planning using lesson plans that are in accordance with the curriculum used by schools. The implementation refers to the RPP by showing videos about several songs from the rock music genre. The evaluation was carried out after the teacher's performance (exam) gave group and individual scores, but the performance was not satisfactory because the teacher did not fully accompany during the exercise. Based on the results of research that has been conducted as many as 4 meetings that band learning in class XI music SMK N 7 Padang does not run smoothly due to the lack of seriousness of students in learning, this can be seen from students only relying on lesson time as their learning and practice time, and there is a difference between lesson plans and learning in the classroom,  and there are also other factors such as the limitation of instruments and music studios for students to practice with groups.

The rapid development of technology and local wisdom that must be maintained is a challenge for the younger generation to coexist with technology. The flow of globalization is one of the challenges that will trigger the dynamics of national identity, this refers to the negative impact caused by globalization, especially on the cultural dimension (Julianty et al., 2022). Indonesia is a country that has a lot of cultural diversity and natural beauty. One of them is in Tulusbesar Village. Tulusbesar Village is a village in Tumpang District, Malang Regency that has potential in the field of culture. Tulusbesar Village has facilities to support the existence of arts in the Tulusbesar Village area. From the various artistic diversity in the village, there are problems in preserving culture, as well as a lack of understanding in digital, which also makes this village quite lagging behind in its cultural marketing. With the innovation of the Mojangki (Monggo Sanjang Mriki) Space program using the Smart Cultural Heritage (SmaCh) method, it aims to be able to realize the Cultural Capital of Tulusbesar Village so that it is always sustainable and survive to develop a cultural village.

This study aims to describe and find out the implementation of learning basic motion techniques in class X of SMA Negeri 9 Padang. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive method of analysis. The research instruments are the researchers themselves and are assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery, cameras and recorders. Data were collected through literature studies, observations, interviews and documentation. The steps of analyzing data are data collection, identifying data, clarifying data and concluding data. The results of the study show that cultural arts learning in the school has not been effective due to the lack of appropriate use of learning media, especially in the context of dance art. The use of only videos as a learning medium and group discussion methods only provide a limited picture of the material being studied. It is important to increase students' enthusiasm and motivation by providing a clear understanding of what is being learned and the purpose of learning cultural arts. Although art is a creative field of study, learning also has specific goals, such as developing the potential of artists who can contribute to different levels of education, including from the secondary and elementary levels.

The purpose of this research is to conduct an analysis of possible ethical violations contained in the episode "CRAZY KAYA GINI TURNS OME TV⁉️ - CATHEEZ - WHERE IS THE BOCIL OME TV!?" from the "Close the Door" podcast narrated by Catheez. This research uses a qualitative approach to identify and evaluate ethical aspects that appear in the conversations and narratives in the podcast. This research also integrates feminist discourse theory with Vand DJik which is divided into 3 structures, namely macro structure, super structure and micro structure to explore the influence of this episode on gender construction and social norms in the context of conversation. The results of the research identified several forms of ethical violations which were emphasized in the episode  including gender stereotyping, verbal harassment, as well as the use of derogatory language. With a feminist discourse perspective, this research also reveals the ways in which these episodes may strengthen or undermine gender norms in society. The results of this research provide important insights regarding the influence of podcasts on understanding ethics and social norms, taking into account gender and feminist perspectives. This research makes an important contribution to understanding the ethical issues that arise in the world of podcasts and also how feminist discourse theory can be applied to analyze the impact of audio media such as podcasts in the social and cultural realm.

Hypertension is the main trigger factor for stroke events, both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes. One of the complications of hypertension is that it can cause an increase in peripheral blood pressure, causing a poor hemodynamic system and thickening of the blood vessels and hypertrophy of the heart muscle. Hypertension which continuously causes atherosclerotic plaque will trigger a stroke. Objective : to determine the results of applying dhikr therapy to reduce blood pressure in Hemorrhagic Stroke patients in the ICU. Method : Descriptive research using case studies, this application carried out blood pressure measurements before and after being given dhikr therapy, dhikr therapy was carried out 3 times a day for 3 days. Results : Blood pressure Mr. Y from 155/96 mmHg to 150/90 mmHg. Meanwhile, Mr. R from 156/116 mmHg to 148/94 mmHg. Conclusion : there was a decrease in blood pressure in both respondents after dhikr therapy.