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This study analyzes how the translation techniques is applied in the bilingual textbook Science Biology for Junior High School.The study was conducted qualitatively. Data was collected by selecting complex sentences from chapter six and seven.Then,I analyzed and categorized the translation techniques used according to the classification of Molina and Albir. The data is then calculated to determine the main translation techniques.The findings indicated that in this textbook,there are many translation techniques that contained in a complex sentences. As a result of the study 40 complex sentences were found in the sixth and seventh chapter.This textbook has nine translation techniques there were: literal translation, borrowing, adaptation, reduction, particularization, amplification, generalization, transposition and description. From 40 complex sentences it can be concluded that there are 15 complex sentences of literal translation,4 complex sentences of borrowing,1 complex sentence of adaptation,2 complex sentences of reduction,3 complex sentences of particularization, 7 complex sentences of amplification,2 complex sentences of generalization,1 complex sentence of transposition,5 complex sentences of description. Literal translation is the most numerous technique in the text book. So , over all the concept of a sentence can be easily understood and the knowledge can be developed from daily experiences.

. Accounting for exchange rate differences and foreign currency transactions has a significant impact on annual financial reports. Companies that trade foreign currencies must apply appropriate accounting policies to record exchange rate differences that occur. This research aims to analyze the accounting treatment of exchange rate differences and foreign currency transactions at PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk The method used in this research is a descriptive method using secondary data obtained from the company's financial reports. The research results are based on the application of PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk's accounting principles in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards (SAK). The author notes translation differences when recognizing income or expenses and does not consider translation differences when recording assets or liabilities. This research also shows that the resulting exchange rate differences have a significant impact on PT's annual financial reports. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk. A favorable exchange rate difference can increase the company's net profit, while an unfavorable exchange rate difference can reduce the company's net profit.  

The aims of this study are to find out the translation procedures in the subtitle Brave movie and to find out how the translation procedures are used in English language into Indonesian language subtitle in the movie. Qualitative method is used in this study to uncover the findings using Newmark (1988) concept of translation procedures with four theory transposition, modulation, reduction and naturalization. The data used is utterance and to explain the translation procedures in translating subtitle Brave movie, the data was obtained by watching Brave movie with the source of data is by reading the subtitle Brave movie English language and Indonesian language, identify script, selecting, classifying and analyzing them based on the theories of translation procedures. The result of this research from the analysis of related data show that 173 data were collected with 95 transpositions, 38 modulations, 20 reductions, and 20 naturalizations

This research is entitled Translation Techniques on Official Soundtrack of Moana Film’s Song. This research was aimed at identifying translation techniques in Official Soundtrack of Moana Film “How Far I’ll Go” Song in Indonesian Version. This research used a qualitative method to analayze the translation techniques in the Official Soundtrack of Moana Film “How Far I’ll Go” Song in Indonesian Version. There were some steps in analysing the existing data. The first step was selecting the data, the second was identifying the  data, the third was classifying the data, the fourth was analyzing the data, and the last was making conclusions and suggestions. Based on the analysis, the writer concluded that there were 6 translation techniques used in OST Moana: How Far I’ll Go. According to the data, the researcher found 32 data containing several translation techniques, namely: 1 (3,13%) data with amplification technique; 1 (3,13 %) data with Literal Translation technique; 6 (18,75%) data with discursive creation technique; 1 (3,13%) data with Particularization technique; 7 (21,88%) data with  reduction technique; and 16 (50%) data with Established Equivalence technique. According to the results of analysis, the dominant type of translation technique is Established Equivalence. It has the highest frequency of the data, as there were  16 data (50%). This technique used terms or expressions that were recognized   as equivalents in the target language. It was used for describing the same situations through different stylistic or structural expressions. The translator translated the utterances from the source language into the target language using the established equivalence technique since the translator used terms or words that were more familiar in the target language, so the message could be well delivered to the target language.

This article explores the role of Bayt Al-Hikmah as a monumental intellectual center during the Abbasid Dynasty. Built during the time of Caliph Abu Ja'far al-Mansur, this center developed into a famous library during the reign of Harun al-Rashid and Al-Ma'mun. It functions not only as a library, but also as an educational institution, astronomical observatory, and translation center, housing a collection of more than 60,000 books from various languages and regions. Important factors influencing the development of Bayt Al-Hikmah included the caliph's love of science, extensive translation activities, use of paper, the presence of scientists from various regions, material support, and enthusiasm for studying Islamic teachings. Despite achieving glory, the summary of the Abbasid dynasty started from internal political conflict to the Mongol attack which resulted in the fall of the city of Baghdad and the destruction of Bayt Al-Hikmah. Even though this intellectual center collapsed, the scientific legacy it produced remains a testament to the glory of science at that time, even though it experienced a tragic end.

This study entitled Teacher’s Methods in Teaching English Vocabularies at Sixth Grade Students of SD Muhammadiyah 2 Denpasar. It aims to find out the methods used by the English teacher at SD Muhammadiyah 2 Denpasar and the obstacles faced by the teacher. This study used the interview method for collecting data. The data was collected through interviewing the English teacher at the sixth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah 2 Denpasar. In addition, the interview was analyzed according to Richards and Rodgers (1986) in the book of Approaches and Methods of Language Teaching. The result of the analysis shows that the teacher uses the combination between audiolingual method and grammar translation method in teaching vocabularies. There were found several obstacles including the lack of students’ pronunciation and the lack of student’s memorization due to the limited time of study in class.

Research aims to explore the comparison between Indonesian and Thai languages, focusing on structure, phonology, and grammar rules. The methodology involves historical and cultural analysis to understand their influences. Phonetic examination compares pronunciation of phonemes. The study also investigates morphological aspects like word formation, inflection, and affixation. Syntactic analysis examines sentence structures, grammar, and phrase roles. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of linguistic differences, alongside cultural and historical impacts. Implications include contributions to interlanguage understanding, development of teaching methods, and cross-cultural translation. This research serves as a foundation for linguistic practitioners, translators, and language instructors to comprehend and leverage the differences and similarities between both languages.

This study aims to investigate the intertextual understanding of Ecclesiastes in English by theology students and the opinions of the general public. The main focus of this research is to understand how students can read and understand the Bible, especially the Book of Ecclesiastes, in English. In addition, this study also seeks to explain how students and the community can form active communication and discussions regarding intertextual understanding. In addition, this research aims to explore how Christians in Jakarta, especially in suburban areas such as Bekasi, Depok, Tangerang, and Bogor, view the presence of Christian theology students in contributing to society. The research method used in this study involved opinion surveys and interviews with theology students and the general public. Theology students will be asked to read and understand the book of Ecclesiastes in English translation, while their opinions and responses will be collected through surveys and interviews. Opinions from the general public will be collected through a survey which will be disseminated in various areas of Jakarta, especially in the suburbs. The collected data will be analyzed qualitatively to identify the main patterns and findings in intertextual understanding and perceptions of the contribution of Christian theology students in society. This research is expected to provide practical benefits in increasing understanding of the Bible in English, especially the Book of Ecclesiastes, as well as strengthening active communication and discussion in intertextual understanding. In addition, the results of this study can strengthen the relationship between Christian theology students and the community, especially in the Jakarta area, by demonstrating their contribution to service and positive contributions to society.

The implementation of this community service activity was carried out in class VII SMP Negeri Gudang Arang Merauke with a total of 20 participants. It is hoped that these students can understand and know English as a foreign language and as an effort to increase interest, motivation, will, and interest. Students in learning English in the field of education. This service contributes to learning English, especially for beginners (Young Learners) as an effort to increase students’ interest in learning English. In addition, this activity contributes to realizing education in Junior High School (SMP) to foster students’ interests and talents and motivation in learning English and as an effort to provide an introduction to English for the beginner level (Young Learners). This service is carried out in the form of a workshop which includes socialization in the form of training/introduction and mentoring. The material for the service activities is divided into two, namely exposure to motivational material interest in learning English and introduction to English vocabulary and grammar to be able to read texts in English. The expected goals of this service are: 1) increasing students’ knowledge and understanding of how to learn English is easy; 2) increasing students’ skills in English and students being able to understand reading material well. From the whole series of community service activities, the main hope is an improvement. Improving conditions from not knowing, not understanding to very understanding, and from low be high in terms of interest, motivation, willingnesss and interest of sudents in learning English especially English vocabulary and grammar

This research focuses on code mixing that occurs in uploads to the Instagram account @ganjar_pranowo. Data were obtained from Instagram social media relating to multilingual and bilingual interaction processes that occur in society. All data was obtained and presented using a descriptive qualitative approach. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques using listening techniques. The method used to write data is the equivalent method with the translational equivalent technique. The data consists of uploading sentences in Indonesian, Javanese and English on the Instagram account of Ganjar Pranowo (@ganjar_pranowo). There are 11 data showing internal code mixing, consisting of 6 forms of words, 4 forms of phrases and 1 form of sentences. In internal code mixing, all data is in Javanese. There are 15 data showing external code mixing which are divided into 8 data in the form of words and 7 data in the form of phrases. External code mixing consisted of 14 data in English and only 1 data in another foreign language, namely Korean. The entire function of code mixing on the Instagram account @ganjar_pranowo is to familiarize and attract readers' attention.