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This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the green water system in the nursery phase of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus by observing growth performance, water quality, and survival rate. The experiment was conducted for 21 days using 450-liter circular tanks with two treatments: green water and clear water systems. The green water system was established by adding plankton starter to stimulate algal growth, while the clear water system used clean water with routine siphoning. Observations included absolute length, absolute weight, water quality parameters pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, and phosphate, and survival rate. The results indicate that the green water system provided superior nursery performance compared to clear water. Tilapia seeds reared in green water exhibited higher growth in length and weight, more stable water quality, and a greater survival rate 90% than those in the clear water system 80%. These improvements are attributed to the presence of microalgae, which serve as natural feed as well as bioremediation agents that reduce ammonia, nitrite, and phosphate toxicity. Therefore, the green water system proves to be more effective, economical, and environmentally friendly for tilapia nursery culture compared to the clear water system.

Bekasam is a traditional Indonesian fermented product made from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through a spontaneous fermentation process with the addition of rice and salt. This fermentation process encourages the growth of various microorganisms, especially bacteria, which play a role in the formation of flavor, aroma, and natural preservation of the product. This study aims to observe the microbiological characteristics of bekasam tilapia through colony observation on agar media and microscopic staining using crystal violet and safranin. Macroscopic observations showed the presence of microbial colonies that were round, cloudy white, with a smooth surface and even edges. These colony characteristics indicate good microbial growth on agar media. Microscopically, the bacteria observed in bekasam samples had an irregular distribution, forming aggregates that absorbed intense purple and pink colors. Crystal violet staining gave a purple color to gram-positive bacteria, while safranin gave a pink color to gram-negative bacteria. These findings indicate that bekasam contains an active microbial community that plays a role in the fermentation process. This microbial community can be observed visually through simple staining that provides an overview of the types of bacteria involved in the fermentation process. Microbiological analysis such as this is crucial for understanding the fermentation dynamics of traditional food products like bekasam. Thus, this study provides deeper insight into the microorganisms involved in bekasam production, as well as the importance of monitoring microbiological quality in the manufacturing process of traditional fermented products. Furthermore, the diversity of microbes involved in bekasam fermentation can affect product quality and consistency. Therefore, monitoring the dominant bacterial species during the fermentation process is crucial for maintaining bekasam quality, including its taste, texture, and safety for consumers.

Bekasam is a traditional fermented fish product commonly produced in South Sumatra and South Kalimantan, known for its distinctive sour taste resulting from the metabolic activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). LAB play a crucial role in the fermentation process, contributing to the product’s flavor, texture, and safety. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and characterize LAB from bekasam made using tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Isolation of bacterial strains was performed using the pour plate method on Nutrient Agar (NA) medium at various serial dilutions to obtain discrete colonies. The colonies were observed macroscopically to assess their morphological characteristics, including shape, size, color, surface texture, and edge profile. Further identification involved Gram staining to determine cell wall type and microscopic morphology. The results revealed that the bacterial colonies were generally small, round, white to cream in color, with smooth surfaces and flat edges. Gram staining demonstrated that the dominant isolates were Gram-positive bacteria, exhibiting rod-shaped or oval morphology. These characteristics are consistent with members of the genus Lactobacillus sp., a common LAB group in fermented fish products. Additional phenotypic traits observed included catalase-negative reactions, absence of spore formation, and the ability to produce lactic acid as the main metabolic end product. The combination of morphological, staining, and basic biochemical characteristics supports the initial identification of the isolates as LAB. The presence of Lactobacillus sp. in bekasam suggests their significant contribution to the fermentation process, influencing the product’s sourness, safety, and preservation. The findings of this study provide a basis for further molecular characterization and potential selection of LAB strains as starter cultures to improve the quality, consistency, and safety of bekasam in traditional and industrial production.

Bekasam, a traditional Indonesian fermented fish product, is produced through a natural fermentation process involving complex microbial communities, particularly fermentative bacteria. These microorganisms play a vital role in developing the product’s characteristic flavor, aroma, and texture. This study aimed to identify the morphological characteristics of fermentative bacteria present in bekasam made from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) using direct microscopic observation without staining. Fresh samples of bekasam were collected and subjected to serial dilution before being cultured on nutrient agar (NA) medium. The cultures were incubated at room temperature for 24–48 hours to allow colony formation. Morphological examination was carried out by observing the colonies directly under a light microscope to assess cell shape, size, and arrangement. The results demonstrated a diversity of bacterial morphologies, with the majority consisting of rod-shaped (bacillus) and spherical (coccus) forms. Bacillus cells were often observed singly or in short chains, whereas coccus cells appeared either as single units, in pairs (diplococci), or forming short chains (streptococci). The morphological diversity observed suggests that multiple bacterial species may be involved in the fermentation process, each contributing differently to biochemical transformations such as protein degradation, lactic acid production, and flavor compound formation. Although morphological characterization alone cannot provide definitive bacterial identification, these findings serve as preliminary data for subsequent microbiological and molecular analyses. Further research using biochemical tests and molecular approaches, such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing, is recommended to confirm species identity and to explore their specific roles in fermentation. Understanding the microbial composition of bekasam can provide valuable insights for optimizing fermentation conditions, improving product consistency, and ensuring safety in traditional fish-based fermented foods.

This study aims to determine the effect of adding EM4 probiotics in various doses to commercial feed on the growth of jatimbulan tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L). Probiotics are known to play a role in increasing digestive efficiency, nutrient absorption, and maintaining the health of the fish's digestive tract, so they are expected to support optimal growth. The research method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments, namely: P0 (control/without probiotics), P1 (5 ml EM4/kg feed), P2 (7 ml EM4/kg feed), and P3 (11 ml EM4/kg feed), each with four replications. The parameters observed were the growth in length and weight of jatimbulan tilapia during the maintenance period. The results showed that the administration of EM4 probiotics at certain doses was able to provide a significant effect on the growth of tilapia compared to the control treatment. Treatment P2 (7 ml/kg feed) provided the best growth results compared to other doses, both in terms of increasing length and body weight. Meanwhile, administering probiotic doses that are too low (P1) or too high (P3) tends to be less effective in supporting optimal growth. This is thought to be due to the disruption of the microbial balance in the digestive tract when the probiotic dosage is incorrect. This research provides useful information for Jatimbulan tilapia cultivation practices, particularly regarding the use of probiotics to increase growth efficiency. Using the correct probiotic dosage can be a strategy to increase the productivity and sustainability of freshwater fish farming.

This study aims to isolate and identify microorganisms in the form of bacteria and fungi in tilapia fish waste and to demonstrate the effectiveness of turmeric extract (Curcuma longa Linn.) as an antimicrobial agent. Tilapia fish waste samples were fermented for seven days and then microorganisms were isolated using Nutrient Agar (NA) media for bacteria and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) for fungi. Turmeric extract treatment was carried out using the disc diffusion method. The results showed the presence of several species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungal colonies with dominant characteristics of Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp. Turmeric extract with a concentration of 20% showed a significant inhibition zone against the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The content of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, tannins, and phenolics in turmeric extract is thought to be the main factor in antimicrobial activity.

The development of fettuccine pasta products with the addition of tilapia and binahong leaves aims to find the composition of the ingredients of fettuccine pasta that is preferred and well accepted by the panelists. The methods used are experimental method and hedonic test. The experiment of making fettuccine pasta with the addition of tilapia and binahong leaves used a formulation with 3 treatments, namely F1 for the addition of 15 g of tilapia and 35 g of binahong leaves, F2 for the addition of 10 g of tilapia and 40 g of binahong leaves, and F3 for the addition of 5 g of tilapia and 45 g of binahong leaves. The hedonic test involved 25 semi-trained panelists. The results showed that fettuccine pasta with the addition of 15 g of tilapia and 35 g of binahong leaves was the most preferred product and was well accepted by the semi-trained panelists. The composition of the ingredients of the substituted fettuccine pasta with tilapia and binahong leaves that had the best acceptance included 200 g of semolina flour, 15 g of tilapia, 35 g of binahong leaves, 180 g of chicken eggs, 1 tsp of salt, and 1 tsp of olive oil.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the 4P marketing mix strategy (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) at Firdaus Farm, a tilapia farming business in Tasikmalaya, and its effectiveness in enhancing the business's competitiveness and profitability. The method used is qualitative descriptive with a case study through observations, interviews, and direct documentation at the business location. The research findings indicate that the product strategy, which emphasizes tilapia quality—such as freshness, uniform size, clean packaging, and quality certification—constitutes the primary factor in attracting consumer interest. The flexible and competitive pricing strategy, adjusted according to market conditions and consumer purchasing power, along with bonuses for loyal customers, proved to increase customer loyalty and sales. Product distribution is carried out through traditional channels and has begun utilizing digital platforms to expand market reach, with the strategic location of the business supporting distribution efficiency. Promotion, still mainly traditional, is starting to develop into digital promotion through social media, which effectively increases product visibility and appeal. This study concludes that the consistent and adaptive application of the 4P marketing mix can enhance Firdaus Farm’s competitiveness in the tilapia market. It is recommended that business practitioners continue to develop product innovations, evaluate pricing, expand digital distribution, and optimize digital promotion in order to face increasingly intense market competition.

Penarukan Village, located in Tabanan Regency, is predominantly inhabited by communities engaged in freshwater fish farming, particularly Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The high demand for Nile tilapia in Tabanan and surrounding areas poses a challenge for farmers to manage the growth and development of the fish to ensure optimal quality. During the cultivation process, various issues arise that require effective solutions to support the sustainability of this sector. One of the main problems faced by fish farmers is related to the quality of biofloc pond water, which is still monitored using conventional methods. Poor water quality that does not meet the optimal living standards for Nile tilapia can hinder growth, reduce fish health, and negatively impact production yield. Manual monitoring methods are also prone to inaccuracy and complicate the data analysis process needed for effective decision-making.To address this issue, a technology-based solution has been proposed in the form of a real-time monitoring system using the “SI-NILA” mobile application integrated with a microcontroller-based Internet of Things (IoT) system. This system allows for continuous monitoring of pond water quality and automated pH control to maintain suitable conditions for fish growth. This innovation is expected to improve efficiency and effectiveness in fish farming practices, minimize the risk of crop failure, and promote the digital transformation of aquaculture in Penarukan Village, contributing to the sustainable development of the freshwater aquaculture sector.

The use of probiotics is very important in cultivation activities. Probiotics are live microorganisms that have a beneficial effect on the host by balancing the microflora in their intestines. In increasing the nutritional content of artificial feed (pellets), the bacteria in probiotics have a mechanism for forming several enzymes for digesting feed. This study aims to determine the effect of giving delacto probiotics at different doses in artificial feed on the absolute weight growth of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Probiotics are mixed with feed using a biofloc cultivation system. The method used in this research was an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications, namely by adding different doses to the treatments. Treatments A (8ml/kg), B (16 ml/kg), C (24 ml/kg) and D (32 ml/kg). The parameter observed was absolute weight growth. Water quality supporting parameters include temperature, pH and DO. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA test. Based on the research results, it shows that giving different doses of delacto probiotics has a significant effect on the absolute weight growth of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Treatment A (8 ml/kg) gave the lowest absolute weight growth of 32.83 grams and treatment D (32 ml/kg) gave the highest absolute weight growth of 40.57 grams. Water quality parameters include water temperature ranging from 25.3 – 26.1֯C, acidity ranging from 7.5 – 8.0. And dissolved oxygen ranges from 4.7 – 5.3 ppm. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the three water quality parameters showed no differences between treatments (Oreochromis niloticus) fry.

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production is very important to maintain food security and the Indonesian fisheries economy. Based on a literature study conducted from 2021 to 2024, this study aims to analyze the components that influence the productivity of tilapia cultivation. The method used is a literature study by reviewing various studies that discuss the technical, environmental, social, and economic aspects of tilapia cultivation. The results of the study indicate that government policies, fish density, feed, and water quality all affect the productivity of tilapia cultivation. In addition, there is evidence that advanced technologies such as biofloc systems and aquaculture transition systems (RAS) improve production efficiency and sustainability. This study provides suggestions for increasing productivity through optimal environmental management, use of appropriate technology, and policy support that supports farmers.

Cultivating tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the activities that is widely carried out in Indonesia because this fish has increasing market demand. In intensive cultivation systems, the factor that plays an important role in increasing production yields is pond design. Good pond design can influence water quality, oxygen distribution, and fish comfort which is directly related to fish growth. This research aims to examine the effect of pond design on the growth rate of tilapia in intensive cultivation. Based on a literature review, optimal pond design can increase the efficiency of feed use, maintain good water quality, and create an environment that supports faster fish growth rates. Designs that include pond shape, depth, aeration system and waste management must be carefully considered so that tilapia cultivation can achieve maximum results.

The development of fettuccine pasta products with the addition of tilapia and binahong leaves aims to find the composition of the ingredients of fettuccine pasta that is preferred and well accepted by the panelists. The methods used are experimental method and hedonic test. The experiment of making fettuccine pasta with the addition of tilapia and binahong leaves used a formulation with 3 treatments, namely F1 for the addition of 15 g of tilapia and 35 g of binahong leaves, F2 for the addition of 10 g of tilapia and 40 g of binahong leaves, and F3 for the addition of 5 g of tilapia and 45 g of binahong leaves. The hedonic test involved 25 semi-trained panelists. The results showed that fettuccine pasta with the addition of 15 g of tilapia and 35 g of binahong leaves was the most preferred product and was well accepted by the semi-trained panelists. The composition of the ingredients of the substituted fettuccine pasta with tilapia and binahong leaves that had the best acceptance included 200 g of semolina flour, 15 g of tilapia, 35 g of binahong leaves, 180 g of chicken eggs, 1 tsp of salt, and 1 tsp of olive oil.

An expert system for diagnosing diseases in tilapia is one solution to help fish farmers detect and treat diseases that attack tilapia. In this study, an expert system was developed using the VCIRS (Voting Classifier for Integrated Rule Set) method to diagnose tilapia diseases based on the symptoms shown. The VCIRS method was chosen because of its ability to combine several classifiers to improve diagnostic accuracy. This system allows users, especially fish farmers, to enter symptoms observed in tilapia and obtain a diagnosis of possible diseases and appropriate treatment recommendations. The evaluation results showed that this system has a good level of accuracy in diagnosing tilapia diseases, by providing fast and accurate results, and making it easier for fish farmers to make decisions related to fish health. This expert system is expected to increase the productivity of tilapia cultivation by reducing the mortality rate of fish due to diseases that are not detected quickly.  

Research aims to look at the implementation of the bioflog system at the Al Kautsar 561 Islamic Boarding School as an effort to support sustainable agriculture. Using a qualitative approach with descriptive design, this research analyzes the implementation process, benefits and obstacles faced. The research results show that the bioflog system has succeeded in increasing the productivity of tilapia cultivation significantly. Apart from that, this system is also able to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and improve water quality. Factors that support success include full support from Islamic boarding school administrators and active involvement of students. However, this research also identified several obstacles such as limited resources and weather fluctuations. This research concludes that the bioflog system has great potential to become a model of sustainable agriculture in Islamic boarding school environments. It is hoped that the results of this research can become a reference for other Islamic boarding schools in implementing similar systems and encourage the development of policies that support sustainable agriculture.

Islamic boarding schools (pondok pesantren) play a strategic role in developing human resources that are not only religiously competent but also economically independent. In addressing the challenges of globalization, pesantren independence can be strengthened through entrepreneurship programs that provide economic benefits, empower students (santri), and contribute to the surrounding community. This study focuses on analyzing the entrepreneurship programs at Pondok Pesantren Al Kautsar 561, which include biofloc tilapia farming and melon cultivation in greenhouses, using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection involved focus group discussions (FGD) with foundation administrators, teachers, students, and the local community. The findings reveal that entrepreneurship programs enhance pesantren independence by generating additional income, which is utilized for scholarships and operational activities. Entrepreneurship training equips students with practical skills in agribusiness and aquaculture, such as biofloc systems and greenhouse technology. Furthermore, these programs strengthen the relationship between pesantren and the community through community-based economic collaboration, creating job opportunities and improving local economic resilience. However, challenges such as limited resources and access to technology persist. Solutions include establishing strategic partnerships with external parties and providing training in digital marketing to ensure program sustainability.

Red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater fish known for its high tolerance to environmental conditions, low water quality, and ability to adapt well to various situations. Data from the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries shows that tilapia production in Indonesia has increased significantly, from 1,172,633.38 kg in 2020 to 1,300,529.23 kilograms in 2021, with a percentage increase of 10.90%. The community strongly influences the local economy and food security. Tilapia farming is widely chosen because it has a stable selling price and fast growth. Many farmers have chosen Tilapia farming as their primary source of livelihood. This research aimed to study the socio-economic conditions, difficulties, and development opportunities of tilapia farming in the community. The results show that although this business contributes significantly to family income, there are several constraints, such as fluctuating market prices, limited access to technology, and low aquaculture skills. In addition, the success of aquaculture is also affected by environmental conditions and resource availability. Therefore, a development plan that includes training, access to capital, and improved infrastructure is needed to improve yields and the welfare of the tilapia farming community.

Nugget is processed mashed meat. Several types of fish such as tuna, tilapia, and snapper have the potential to increase sales value and can be used as raw material for nuggets, because apart from having quite high proteins, they also have thick flesh. Carrot flour has high levels of fiber and also high levels of beta-carotene. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of fish nuggets which were high in fiber and beta-carotene with variations in the addition of carrot flour, tapioca flour and to find out the highest level of preference for fish nuggets. research using a completely randomized design (CRD) 2 factors with a comparison of carrot flour and tapioca flour and variations of fish species. The best chemical test results were the comparison of carrot flour: tapioca flour (40%:20%) with tuna fish with beta-carotene content of 6.69 μg/g, crude fiber content of 36.54%. The highest preference sensory test result is the comparison of carrot flour with tapioca flour (40%: 20%) with the type of tilapia meat with a color test result of 3.14 (likes), taste test 3.18 (likes), aroma test 3.20 (likes), texture test 3.29 (likes), and overall preference test 3.82 (likes). ). Fish nuggets made from tapioca flour and carrot flour can be a food that has high levels of crude fiber and beta-carotene.

Dairi Regency has a favorable geographical location, Sidikalang is the capital of Dairi Regency and has enormous industrial potential. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential for industrial development in Dairi Regency. The research method used is a qualitative research method that is library research using books and other literature as the main object. The results of the study show that geographical conditions, climate, and natural resources support various types of plants. The leading commodities are curly chilies, shallots, ginger, turmeric, corn, paddy fields, durian, Siamese oranges, Arabica coffee, and Robusta coffee. The potential for developing the fisheries industry with a focus on tilapia, carp, catfish, and jurung. The potential for developing tourism with ecotourism; trekking, mountain biking, observing flora and fauna, relaxing at Lake Toba. Agrotourism: visiting coffee, tea, orange plantations, learning about cultivation, then farming. Culinary and cultural tourism; art and cultural performances, cooking classes, culinary tourism. Travel history; King Silahi Sabungan Tomb Monument, Dairi Faith Tourism Park, Tao Silalahi. Religious tourism; Sidikalang Old Church, Sidikalang Grand Mosque.

Asnan Ridoanrisna. Efficiency Of Pakcoy Plants (Brassica Rapa) In Maintaining Water Quality To Support The Survival Rate Of Tilapia. Under Guidance By Robin And Novita Mz. Tilapia is a freshwater fish commodity with high economic value. According to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), tilapia exports reached 12.29 thousand tons with a value of USD 78.44 million. Tilapia farming faces the risk of mortality which can lead to economic losses, one of which is caused by organic pollution. To address this issue, this research employs phytoremediation methods with varying plant densities to improve water quality and tilapia survival. The study was conducted with four treatments: A75 (plant density 75% of the aquarium surface area), A50 (50%), A25 (25%), and A0 (no plants), using an aquarium size of 60 x 30 x 50 cm³. Each treatment received chicken manure at 1.8 grams per aquarium and 40 tilapia fish per aquarium. Observations were made over 15 days in March 2023, measuring physical and chemical water parameters including DO, pH, TDS, temperature, and ammonia, as well as calculating the survival rate of tilapia. Using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the study found that treatment A75 achieved the highest survival rate at 62.5%. This result indicates that higher plant density in the phytoremediation method is more effective in maintaining water quality and supporting tilapia survival.