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The integration of information and communication technology (ICT) is essential for supporting student-centered learning and developing 21st-century skills. However, many primary school teachers still experience difficulties in implementing ICT meaningfully due to limited digital pedagogical competence and a lack of contextualized professional development, particularly in primary and Islamic school contexts. This study aims to explore the implementation and outcomes of an ICT-based teacher training programs conducted through a field study approach, focusing on its influence on teachers’ digital pedagogical competence and instructional practices. A qualitative descriptive field study design was employed. Participants were primary school teachers from an Islamic public school in Indonesia who took part in a six-session ICT training programs. Data were collected through observations, documentation of teachers’ digital products, and reflective field notes, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal improvements in teachers’ pedagogical understanding of ICT, technical skills, and readiness for classroom implementation. Teachers produced various ICT-based learning media aligned with instructional objectives, including interactive quizzes, game-based activities, visual materials, animated videos, and digital classrooms. High levels of engagement and collaboration were observed despite infrastructural challenges. Field-based, practice-oriented ICT training effectively bridges technological skills and pedagogical application, supporting sustainable digital pedagogy in primary education.

Effective communication is a key competency for medical professionals, but traditional classroom-based methods in Indonesia face challenges such as limited practice, geographical barriers, and insufficient exposure to diverse patient scenarios. Mobile-assisted learning (MAL) offers a promising solution to enhance medical communication training outside traditional settings. This study investigates the effectiveness of MAL interventions in developing communication skills among Indonesian medical students and healthcare professionals. A mixed-methods approach was used, involving a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-assessments of communication competence among 180 participants from three Indonesian medical schools. The MAL intervention included a mobile app with video demonstrations, interactive case scenarios, peer feedback, and microlearning modules. Quantitative data showed a significant improvement in communication competence (mean increase of 23.4%, p<0.001), with notable gains in information gathering (28%), relationship building (26%), and patient education (21%). The mobile platform saw high engagement (average of 4.3 sessions/week) and 87% module completion. Qualitative data revealed increased confidence in consultations, improved cultural sensitivity, and better time management. Challenges included inconsistent internet access, varying digital literacy, and resistance from traditional educators. MAL shows potential for improving medical communication in Indonesia, offering flexible, accessible training. Successful implementation requires addressing infrastructure issues, integrating MAL into existing curricula, and training faculty. This study adds to the growing evidence supporting technology-enhanced medical education in resource-limited settings.

As a maritime nation with vast sea territories, Indonesia faces significant challenges in safeguarding its waters, particularly in strategic regions such as the Natuna Sea. This area is vulnerable to various threats, including territorial violations, marine resource theft, and illegal underwater activities. This study aims to formulate a concept for the utilization of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) as an alternative solution to enhance underwater security systems in the region. The method employed is Research and Development (R&D), adopting model development steps and complemented by a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of AUVs in the context of Indonesian maritime defense. The research findings indicate that the main strength of AUVs lies in their technological capability to effectively detect underwater threats. Although they have weaknesses, such as high operational costs, dependency on imported components, and limitations in battery endurance and sonar capabilities, these factors do not significantly hinder AUV effectiveness. Major opportunities arise from global technological advancements, yet challenges remain due to insufficient government policy support. The threats faced include the risk of sabotage and extreme weather conditions. Therefore, the recommended strategies are to maximize the use of technology, strengthen supporting regulations, and address logistical and financial barriers to realize effective and sustainable AUV operations in the Natuna Sea.

The advancement of technology and information, which coincides with digitalization alongside the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), has colored human social life around the world. Currently, cadets of the Naval Academy often use gadgets/digital tools to access information or other media. With this, there are emerging threats that are very dangerous for individuals and the state. An currently prevalent case is Cyber Crime Identity Theft. Cyber crime identity theft refers to the crime of stealing someone's personal information online for the purpose of fraud or financial gain by stealing personal data such as names, identity numbers, and financial information, to carry out illegal transactions or obtain illegal benefits, which can lead to financial loss and damage the victim's reputation. Indonesia still has a very high number of cases of cyber crime identity theft, but it should be preventable by fostering. the cyber security awareness of cadets at the Naval Academy of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. The conclusion of this research is that by strengthening modern technological infrastructure, both equipment and administrative services, developing modern software and hardware with strong security systems, and tightening regulations regarding access to users' personal data in cyber services, supported by strengthening cyber security institutions, it can enhance the cyber security awareness of cadets at the Naval Academy of the Indonesian National Armed Forces.

This study examines the optimization of military defense in North Sulawesi as a supporting pillar for Indonesia’s new import gateway. Positioned strategically on the Pacific rim, North Sulawesi is expected to become a hub for imported goods to support national economic equalization. However, this import route shift also brings security challenges, including military and non-military threats such as smuggling, maritime crimes, and potential infiltration by terrorist groups. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method based on literature study, focusing on the analysis of naval and air defense strategies, modernization of main weapon systems (alutsista), and the enhancement of human resources within the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI). The results indicate that strengthening defense infrastructure, including the addition of warships, patrol vessels, and modern fighter aircraft, is urgently needed to maintain regional stability. Furthermore, the application of the smart defense concept, integrating advanced technology with local community empowerment, can sustainably enhance maritime resilience. Investment in the defense sector has been shown to create a conducive climate for international trade, boost investor confidence, and strengthen Indonesia’s economic connectivity with the Asia-Pacific region. This study recommends synergy between the Ministry of Defense, TNI, and the national defense industry to accelerate the modernization and maintenance of alutsista, while ensuring the security of trade routes in North Sulawesi. With these measures, North Sulawesi can function optimally as a strategic import gateway that supports national economic growth and reinforces state defense.

This study explores the integration of Science, Technology, and the Arts (IPTEKS) within an educational psychology framework to support the development of creativity, innovation, and collaboration among prospective Christian religious education teachers in West Java. Using a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design, the research combines quantitative and qualitative perspectives to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. Quantitative data were gathered through questionnaires distributed to prospective teachers, while qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews and participatory observations involving selected informants. The findings indicate that meaningful integration of IPTEKS contributes positively to the development of creative thinking, innovative teaching practices, and collaborative learning skills. Qualitative insights further reveal that institutional support, continuous professional development, and contextualized learning environments play a crucial role in optimizing the impact of IPTEKS integration. The study highlights the importance of aligning technological integration with psychological and pedagogical principles. It concludes that teacher education programs need to redesign curricula and training models that holistically integrate IPTEKS and educational psychology to foster relevant, transformative, and value-based learning in Christian education contexts.

Digital technology has become an essential part of managing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), especially in efforts to achieve business sustainability. Kampong Bharu, as an iconic area in Kuala Lumpur, is home to numerous micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) operating in the culinary, craft, and tourism sectors, but faces challenges in implementing environmentally friendly practices. This research aims to analyze the application of green digital management to MSMEs in Kampong Bharu as a sustainable business strategy. The research method uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and participant observation of 15 MSME actors. The research results show that integrating digital technology with environmentally friendly principles, such as paperless digital marketing, energy-efficient use, and sustainable packaging systems, can enhance the competitiveness and positive image transformation of MSMEs. This finding has practical implications for business owners and stakeholders in developing a digital-based green MSME model in historic urban areas. These findings can also serve as a guide for implementing sustainable business strategies in the MSME sector in other major cities.

The rapid development of digital technology, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, has brought changes to people's behavior and lifestyle with the trend of digital payments. One of the advances in digital financial services technology is PayLater, a Fintech innovation that offers easy transactions in the form of loans and installments without a credit card. This study aims to analyze the influence of transaction convenience and risk perception on purchasing decisions using the PayLater feature on e-commerce platforms among Generation Z in Samarinda City. This study uses a quantitative approach with associative methods and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 27. The method used is purposive sampling to obtain a sample of 100 respondents from Generation Z in Samarinda City, aged 18-28 years, who have used PayLater on e-commerce platforms. The findings show that transaction convenience (X1) has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, but risk perception (X2) does not have a significant effect on purchasing decisions. At the same time, both variables have a significant effect on purchasing decisions. The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for the PayLater feature to design more effective strategies to improve customer satisfaction and transaction experience.

The professional competence of Islamic Education (PAI) teachers plays a decisive role in determining the quality of learning at the elementary school level. In practice, many teachers still encounter challenges in mastering subject content, developing systematic teaching materials, applying innovative learning strategies, and integrating educational technology into classroom activities. These conditions indicate the need for structured professional development efforts through collaborative forums. This study aims to analyze the role of the Islamic Education Teachers Working Group (KKG PAI) in maximizing the professional competence of PAI teachers in public elementary schools in Panti District, Pasaman Regency, and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors influencing its implementation. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation involving the KKG supervisor, the head of KKG PAI, and member teachers. Data analysis was conducted using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that KKG PAI functions as a strategic platform for collaborative lesson planning, subject-matter enrichment, peer reflection, and technology-based instructional training. Supporting factors include strong teacher commitment and collaborative culture, while limitations in facilities and technological disparities remain challenges. Strengthening the sustainability and management of KKG programs is essential to enhance teachers’ professional competence and improve the overall quality of Islamic education learning.

This study aims to examine the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming Buddhist Sunday School education at the Shimakalingga Temple in Jepara in the digital era. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results show that AI technology is beginning to be utilized in the learning process, such as the use of interactive visual media, Dharma quiz applications, and digital platforms for distance learning. The use of AI has been proven to increase student interest and understanding of Buddhist teachings, as well as support more inclusive and adaptive learning. However, challenges remain, including limited resources, lack of teacher training, and the need for ethical guidelines for the use of AI in the context of religious education. This study concludes that AI plays a significant role in supporting the transformation of Buddhist education, but its use must remain balanced with spiritual values and the role of teachers as moral guides. Therefore, collaboration between the temple, educators, and technology is needed to create a sustainable learning system based on Dharma values.

The advancement of digital technology has transformed classroom learning practices. Digital learning materials provide an innovative approach to fostering more engaging and interactive learning environments. Student activeness and participation are key indicators of effective learning; however, traditional instructional methods are still widely used in elementary schools, often limiting student engagement. This study examines the relationship between the use of digital learning materials and student activeness and participation at SD Binekas using a quantitative descriptive correlational approach. Upper-grade elementary students were selected as research participants. Data were collected through structured observations, student participation instruments, and documentation, and analyzed using statistical techniques. The results demonstrate that digital learning materials have a positive and significant effect on student activeness and participation. Students showed higher levels of attention, interaction, and involvement during classroom activities. These findings highlight the potential of digital learning materials to support active and participatory learning in elementary education.  

Reading literacy among 6th grade elementary students is often superficial, limiting their ability to analyze implicit meanings and connect texts to real-world contexts. This review examines the potential of deep learning as a pedagogical approach to enhance in-depth text comprehension. Deep learning emphasizes active engagement, reflection, and the construction of meaningful knowledge, aiming to foster critical thinking and improve comprehension. Recent studies highlight implementation strategies such as reflective journaling and interactive discussions, which have demonstrated significant improvements in students' critical thinking and comprehension scores (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that deep learning methods surpass traditional approaches by promoting higher-order cognitive skills, enabling students to analyze and interpret texts more effectively. However, challenges such as inadequate teacher training persist, which may hinder the full integration of deep learning techniques. To address these challenges, further research is needed to explore scalable digital tools that can support deep learning in diverse classroom settings. By examining the potential for digital integration, future studies could provide insights into how technology can facilitate the widespread adoption of deep learning strategies, making them more accessible and effective for a broader range of students. Ultimately, this review underscores the promise of deep learning in enhancing reading literacy and suggests that addressing the barriers to its implementation could have significant educational benefits.

Background: In the domain of corporate governance, the separation of ownership and control generates significant agency conflicts, primarily manifesting as Earnings Management (EM). Traditional reactive auditing methods fail to detect manipulation concealed within unstructured data, leading to high agency costs and diminished stakeholder trust. Objective: This study proposes an "AI Proactive Monitoring Model" utilizing Generative Artificial Intelligence to fundamentally enhance the monitoring mechanisms of Agency Theory. Methods: The research employs a qualitative conceptual framework analysis. It synthesizes Agency Theory with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Systemic Risk Theory to construct a novel strategic governance model. Results: The proposed model shifts governance from periodic sampling to real-time, continuous analysis of total data populations. By cross-referencing structured financial data with unstructured communications (e.g., emails, contracts), the system generates "Risk Narratives" that contextualize anomalies and flag opportunistic behavior immediately. Conclusion: The integration of AI significantly reduces information asymmetry and moral hazard by creating a "panopticon" effect. However, successful implementation requires distinct regulatory frameworks to manage the systemic risks associated with algorithmic reliance.

This community service program aims to enhance the capacity of traditional clothing UMKM in Palembang through product innovation and business management training in order to support the development of local fashion tourism. UMKM engaged in producing songket, jumputan, and Palembang batik possess significant economic and cultural potential; however, they face various challenges, including limited design innovation, weak business management skills, and insufficient utilization of digital technology for marketing. Through collaboration between the lecturer team of Politeknik Prasetiya Mandiri and the Palembang City Tourism Office, the program was implemented through workshops, business mentoring, and digital marketing training involving UMKM actors, students, and the local community. The results show improvements in participants’ knowledge and skills in developing creative product designs, enhancing production quality, and managing their businesses more professionally. Participants also gained a deeper understanding of digital marketing strategies as an essential tool to expand market reach. This program has contributed positively to strengthening local cultural identity while creating opportunities for creative economic growth through fashion tourism. The implementation of this initiative is expected to serve as a sustainable effort to improve the competitiveness of UMKM and support the economic development of Palembang.

The use of information technology through website development has become a crucial need for MSMEs, including traditional food businesses like Siomay Batagor Bogarasa. This study aims to develop a business profile website using the Odoo-based ERP website module to strengthen brand identity and facilitate information delivery to customers. The development process follows the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) stages, including planning, requirement analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The developed website consists of several pages such as Home, About Us, Menu, and Contact Us, presenting information about the business history, product catalog and pricing, sales locations, and contact channels. Testing results indicate that most features function well, with responsive display, smooth navigation, active contact form, and effective social media integration. One issue was found in the Google Maps display, which has not yet accurately shown the business location. Overall, the website provides practical benefits in terms of promotion, communication, and enhancing the professionalism of the business.

Background: The rapid development of financial technology and the increasing volume of cross-border transactions have led to the emergence of increasingly complex digital financial crimes, involving anonymous actors and exploiting regulatory gaps and jurisdictional differences. This condition poses serious challenges to legal systems, particularly in terms of digital evidence, the attribution of legal liability, and the effectiveness of cross-border law enforcement. Objective: This study aims to reconstruct the framework of civil and criminal liability in digital fraud cases to make it more adaptive, integrated, and responsive to technological developments. Method: The research employs a qualitative socio-legal approach, combining normative analysis of cybercrime regulations, case studies of international digital fraud, comparative analysis of legal systems across countries, and interviews with legal practitioners and fintech regulators. Results: The findings reveal significant legal gaps, regulatory fragmentation across jurisdictions, and weaknesses in electronic evidence systems that hinder effective law enforcement. Additionally, the complexity of actors and technologies within digital ecosystems complicates the accurate attribution of legal responsibility. Therefore, an integrated legal framework is required, incorporating both civil and criminal liability, international regulatory harmonization, and the utilization of technology to enhance law enforcement effectiveness.

This study presents an ethical framework for learning analytics aimed at addressing key challenges related to the collection and use of student data in higher education. Learning analytics, a powerful tool for improving student outcomes and institutional decision-making, has raised ethical concerns regarding data privacy, transparency, fairness, and equity. The proposed framework integrates four core principles: data privacy, informed consent, transparency, and fairness, ensuring that institutions use learning analytics responsibly while safeguarding student rights. A central feature of the framework is its focus on promoting equitable decision-making, minimizing bias, and preventing the reinforcement of existing inequalities in algorithmic and data-driven decisions. The framework also emphasizes the importance of continuous ethical oversight, holding institutions accountable for ethical data use and adapting practices as technology evolves. The study concludes that the framework offers a comprehensive solution to the ethical challenges in learning analytics, providing institutions with a practical guide to embedding ethical principles in data practices. Additionally, the research discusses its potential to foster fairness, equity, and transparency in decision-making processes. Future research is recommended to refine the framework and explore its application across various educational contexts, ensuring responsible and inclusive use of learning analytics.

The rapid development of modern manufacturing technology has driven the emergence of human-robot collaboration (HRC) as part of the transformation toward a human-centric intelligent production system. In collaborative work environments, robots are not only required to work efficiently but also to interact safely and responsively with operators. However, most conventional industrial robot systems still use rigid motion controls and are unable to dynamically adapt to human activity around them.This research aims to develop a human-robot collaboration system by integrating computer vision technology to detect operator movement and applying adaptive control algorithms to the robot manipulator. The research methodology includes designing a collaborative workstation, implementing a computer vision-based motion detection system, developing an adaptive control algorithm, and evaluating system performance through various experimental scenarios. Evaluation parameters include task completion time, safe distance, and system response time.The results show that the developed system significantly improves the efficiency and safety of human-robot interaction compared to conventional systems, with shorter task times, optimal safe distances, and faster system response to operator movements.

This community service activity aims to improve digital literacy among children and adolescents in Telang Sari Village through basic computer training and networking introduction. The main problem faced by the community is the low level of technological literacy caused by limited facilities and lack of access to structured computer education. This program was implemented during the Thematic Community Service Program (KKNT) by applying participatory and practical training methods. The activities included introduction to computer hardware and software, basic typing skills, document creation, internet literacy, and simple LAN configuration practices for junior high school students. The results show a significant improvement in participants’ understanding and confidence in using computers and basic networking concepts. Children and adolescents who previously had minimal exposure to technology were able to operate computers, create simple documents, and understand responsible internet usage. The program also contributed to increasing students’ motivation to learn technology and preparing them to face digital challenges. Overall, this activity demonstrates that basic computer training with hands-on practice can effectively enhance digital literacy in rural communities.

Background: The rapid development of blockchain technology and smart contracts has fundamentally transformed contractual relationships by shifting the role of human interpretation and enforcement toward automated, code-based, and decentralized systems. This transformation generates complex legal implications, particularly regarding the evolution of contractual liability, which is increasingly distributed and no longer centered on a single legal subject. Objective: This study aims to analyze the evolution of contractual liability in smart agreements and examine how such transformation affects the fundamental principles of traditional contract law within modern legal systems. Methods: This research employs a normative and conceptual legal approach, supported by an analysis of blockchain regulations across multiple jurisdictions, case studies of smart contract implementation, and a comparative legal analysis between civil law and common law systems, complemented by a multidisciplinary literature review. Results: The findings indicate that contractual liability in smart agreements has evolved from a centralized fault-based liability model to an algorithmic, distributed, and code-dependent liability structure within blockchain ecosystems. This evolution creates new legal challenges concerning the attribution of liability, legal certainty, and the limitation of judicial intervention in automated contractual arrangements. Furthermore, the study identifies a tension between technological efficiency and substantive legal justice, highlighting the need for adaptive legal frameworks capable of accommodating decentralized technologies while ensuring the protection of legal rights and accountability of involved parties.