Publication Search

This study aims to map the trajectory of syntactic acquisition in three-year-old children through syntactic patterns and communicative functions in naturalistic interaction. Using a mixed-methods approach, data from native Indonesian-speaking children were collected over a period of 1.5 months through the involve-conversation technique. Analysis of 80 utterances using frequency distribution, Mean Length of Utterance (MLU), and functional grammar revealed a dominant Subject–Verb–Object (S–V–O) structure (30%) and an MLU of 5.82 morphemes. These findings indicate a developmental transition from telegraphic speech to early multi-clause constructions, reflecting increasing linguistic complexity. Cognitive compensation is marked by the use of pragmatic particles and non-canonical sentence patterns driven by ideational, interpersonal, and textual functions. The results support the usage-based hypothesis, suggesting that early syntactic development is functional, sequential, and non-linear in nature. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of interactional experience in shaping emerging grammatical competence. This classification serves as a micro-longitudinal assessment tool and provides a pedagogical basis for scaffolding interventions aimed at stabilizing complex linguistic patterns and enhancing language development in early childhood education settings.

Python programming has become a fundamental competence in the digital era, yet students often struggle to transform algorithmic logic into functional code. This gap between conceptual understanding and practical implementation skills requires a thorough investigation into learning challenges within the Industrial Informatics Engineering Technology (TRIN) program at Politeknik Manufaktur Bandung. Grounded in Bloom's Revised Taxonomy and Cognitive Load Theory, this descriptive quantitative study utilized a Likert-scale questionnaire and an objective comprehension test administered to 87 third-year students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to map performance across three aspects: conceptual understanding, syntactic comprehension, and implementation ability. Results indicate the conceptual aspect achieved the highest average of 4.15, followed by syntax at 3.56 and implementation at 3.54, with objective test accuracy rates of 76.09%, 65.52%, and 67.36%, respectively. Major obstacles identified include difficulties with looping, debugging, and comparison operators. Therefore, enhanced structured practice and Project-Based Learning approaches are recommended to strengthen students' implementation competencies.

Studies on relative clause embedded transformation sentences have been conducted extensively, but are still limited and have not paid attention to religious texts such as the translated text of the Qur'an. This study aims to analyze (1) the form of embedded transformation sentences, (2) the process of embedded transformation sentences, and (3) the rules of embedded transformation sentences found in the translated text of Surah Al-Mulk. The data used in this study are verses from Surah Al-Mulk that have a relative clause embedded transformation sentence pattern. The data collection method in this study uses documentation techniques, listening techniques, and note-taking techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using intralingual and extralingual matching methods. The results of this study found that there are 3 forms of relative clause embedded transformation sentences, namely the Embedded-Dense (S-R) form which consists of 6 verses, the Closed-Embedded form which consists of 2 verses, and the Embedded-Dense-Embedded (S-R-S) form which consists of 2 verses. Based on the position of the embedding, at the beginning of the sentence there is a sentence pattern of Embedded-Dense (S-R) and at the end of the sentence there is a Close-Embedded (R-S). Based on the rules of sentence transformation, there is a pattern of Embedded-Dense-Embedded (S-R-S) in complex sentences and a pattern of Embedded-Dense (S-R) in simple sentences.

This research examines the range of phrase types appearing in Kompas.com news articles published in the “Jagat Literasi” section during the August–September 2025 period. It seeks to identify and categorize various phrase structures, such as nominal, verbal, adjectival, prepositional, pronominal, numeral, and adverbial phrases, found within the selected articles. In addition to classification, the study provides a qualitative explanation of the structural characteristics, functions, and usage tendencies of the most frequently occurring phrase types in the corpus. Employing a qualitative research design, this study relies on textual data as its primary source, generating descriptive findings derived from careful observation and analysis of written materials. All identified phrases are interpreted and systematically described to offer a comprehensive understanding of how they function in digital news discourse. The findings highlight the dominance and distribution of several phrase categories and reveal patterns that characterize language use in literacy-themed journalism. Academically, this study contributes to syntactic research by offering a reference for further investigations on phrase usage in online media and by enabling comparative analysis across different platforms or sections. Practically, it enhances readers’ and students’ awareness of effective, precise, and stylistically appropriate language use, supporting improved writing practices aligned with established linguistic conventions.

This study is motivated by the importance of understanding syntactic structures in Indonesian, particularly noun phrases that are frequently used in news texts. Noun phrases play a crucial role in ensuring clarity of meaning and accuracy of information, especially in journalistic language that emphasizes conciseness and precision. The aim of this research is to identify the types and analyze the structural patterns of noun phrases found in news articles about Universitas Negeri Semarang on the Suara Merdeka online portal, August 2025 edition. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through the observation and note-taking technique, followed by distributional analysis to classify phrase types and structures. The results reveal three main types of noun phrases: modificative, coordinative, and appositive, with the Diterangkan–Menerangkan (DM) pattern being the most dominant. This dominance indicates the journalistic tendency toward concise and efficient expression. The findings contribute theoretically to linguistic studies, particularly syntax, and practically offer helpful sugestions for journalists, educators, and students to improve accuracy and effectiveness in academic and journalistic writing.

This study aims to analyze news texts on the online news portal IDN Times. In addition, the study aims to identify various syntactic errors in the news texts on the portal, including non-standard sentence structures, the use of loanwords, ambiguous sentences, inappropriate diction, and low word efficiency, thereby providing an overview of the language quality and presentation of information in the online media. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with a syntactic framework as the theoretical foundation. The researcher obtained data by reading several relevant references and recording information that could be used as data. Therefore, the reading and note-taking technique was used in this study. The data in this study consisted of news texts from the online news portal IDN Times, edition 2025. The data analysis method employed is the distributional method. The researcher analyzed the texts by identifying sentences that did not conform to syntactic rules and assessed the suitability of the texts as proper and accurate news texts. The results revealed various syntactic errors, including errors in sentence structure, diction, punctuation, sentence effectiveness, loanword usage, and conjunction usage. How ever, the findings indicate that although some syntactic errors were found, the news texts on the portal generally have a relatively good and coherent structure. Therefore, the texts can provide valuable insights into language use in the context of online media and serve as sources of information for studying language quality and effective communication in digital news writing.

Language and news have a close relationship because language is a medium to convey news. In news, the use of noun phrases is important to pay attention to, so that there is no misunderstanding. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the use of object phrases in news texts, focusing on their elements, types, and functions. In this research, two approaches are used, namely qualitative descriptive and syntax. The results show that in the news text, there are various variations of noun phrases. This diversity is seen in the different patterns of phrase formation, which differ in structure and constituent elements. The type of noun phrase that is often found is the subordinate noun phrase. The results showed that noun phrases can occupy syntactic functions as long as their use does not exceed the limits of sentence structure. In Indonesian syntax, noun phrases can function as subjects, objects, or descriptions. Therefore, noun phrases play an important role in the formation of a sentence.

This study discusses clause structures in online news articles published by Detik.com, highlighting the issue of UNNES student Iko Juliant Junior in September 2025. The background of this research lies in the importance of understanding how digital media utilize language structures to convey information effectively, concisely, and objectively. In the context of online journalism, the selection and arrangement of clauses play a crucial role in shaping clarity, focus, and meaning as perceived by readers. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms and types of clauses used in news texts and to explain their functions in maintaining the accuracy and credibility of information delivery. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a focus on syntactic studies. The data consist of clauses found in Detik.com news articles published in September 2025, analyzed based on their syntactic components: subject, predicate, object, complement, and adverbial. The findings show that the clause patterns of Subject–Predicate (S–P) and Subject–Predicate–Object (S–P–O) are the most dominant, with verbal predicates appearing most frequently. These patterns reflect the efficient, factual, and easily understood style of online journalistic language. This study contributes to the development of syntactic research and serves as a practical reference for journalists and readers in understanding effective language use in digital media.

This study aims to describe the structure, syntactic function, and semantic role of the nominal clause in JawaPos.com news texts published in August 2025. By using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study applied syntactic analysis to explore how the nominal clause operates within the linguistic and contextual framework of media discourse. Data were collected from online news articles and analyzed using Indonesian syntactic and semantic theory. The results show that nominal clauses play a crucial role in constructing discourse structure and meaning through their syntactic functions as subjects, objects, complements, and adverbs. In semantics, nominal clauses perform various roles, including as agents, objects, recipients, and markers of condition or location. The pattern of nominal clause use reflects the concise, efficient, and communicative nature of journalistic language. The correlation between syntactic function and semantic role shows a cohesive relationship that enhances clarity and accuracy in conveying information. This study contributes to the development of syntactic and media linguistic research and serves as a valuable reference for journalists and language educators in promoting effective and ethical language use in journalism.

This study aims to analyze and identify various types of phrases found in educational opinion texts published on the Pundi.or.id website, 2025 edition. The research is based on the importance of syntactic understanding, particularly the use of phrases, in constructing effective and meaningful sentence structures in opinion texts. A qualitative descriptive method was applied using the observation and note-taking technique. The data were collected by examining, recording, and classifying different types of phrases, including nominal, verbal, adjectival, numerical, and adverbial phrases. The findings reveal that each type of phrase functions differently in shaping sentence meaning and enhancing the clarity of the writer’s arguments. Nominal and verbal phrases were found to dominate the texts, indicating their significant role in presenting ideas and logical reasoning. This research contributes to the development of syntactic studies and provides practical benefits for teachers and students in learning Indonesian, especially in mastering sentence structure and improving opinion writing skills. Furthermore, the study serves as a reference for future linguistic research within the context of digital media and education.

This research is driven by the urgency of maintaining the quality of the Indonesian language in the realm of online journalism, particularly on major media platforms such as CNN Indonesia. Online media plays a central role as the primary source of information, but the speed of publication often encounters linguistic errors that have the potential to damage credibility and lead to misinterpretation among readers. The focus of the study on syntactic errors is crucial because errors in sentence structure, diction, and conjunctions directly affect the meaning and effectiveness of communication. This study aims to analyze and describe the forms of syntactic errors (including sentence pattern errors, non-standard diction, and conjunction redundancy) and offer recommendations for improvement based on standard Indonesian language rules. The method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with a syntactic approach. Data in the form of linguistic units at the phrase, clause, and sentence levels from all CNN Indonesia news texts for the period of August 2025, collected using the Listen and Note Technique. The findings are anticipated to show a dominance of sentence ineffectiveness, incorrect use of conjunctions, and temporally illogical diction errors. This research is expected to contribute as a practical guide for editors and news writers to improve the quality of editing, while also supporting literacy efforts and the use of good and correct Indonesian in the digital public space.

This study aims to identify, analyze, and describe in depth the types of coordinating verbal phrases (FV) and subordinating verbal phrases (FV) contained in Detik.com news texts published in September 2025. Based on the fundamental role of language as a means of communication and social interaction (syntax), the object of research is focused on FV as a grammatical unit that has a verb core and functions as a predicate. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a syntactic theoretical approach. Data collection was carried out through the technique of listening and taking notes on Detik.com news texts, while data analysis was applied using the distribution method, where the determining tool comes from the linguistic elements themselves. The results of the study showed the discovery of a total of 13 verbal phrases divided into 3 coordinating FVs and 10 subordinating FVs (including the patterns Adv + V, V + Adv, V + Adj, and V + N). In detail, 3 coordinating FVs, 3 FVSs with Adv + V pattern, 2 FVSs with V + Adv pattern, 2 FVSs with V + Adj pattern, and 3 FVSs with V + N pattern were found. This finding emphasizes the importance of understanding phrase structure in maintaining clarity of meaning. This research is expected to improve readers' literacy understanding and serve as a scientific reference for similar linguistic studies.

This research is motivated by the importance of phrase analysis in syntactic studies for understanding the structure and relationships among components within Indonesian sentences. As grammatical units, phrases play a strategic role in shaping meaning, so they should be examined in terms of their constituent elements and their functions in the text. This study aims to analyze the use of adjectival phrases and prepositional phrases found in news texts. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method with observing and note-taking techniques, supported by a syntactic theoretical approach. The findings show that there are twenty-five adjectival phrases and sixty-eight prepositional phrases identified in five news texts published on Tempo.com in August 2025. “lebih cepat” is one example of an adjectival phrase found in the texts, while “ke arah pendemo” is an example of a prepositional phrase. These findings indicate that Indonesian phrases have systematic formation patterns and complementary syntactic functions. This research serves as a useful reference for the development of syntactic studies, linguistic learning, and the analysis of phrase usage in various language contexts.

This study examines the interaction between word order, focus, and prosody in Indonesian and English within the framework of the syntax–prosody interface. While previous studies have largely focused on Indo-European languages, limited attention has been given to how these components interact in typologically distinct languages such as Indonesian. To address this gap, the study employs a mixed-method design combining corpus-based analysis and experimental approaches, including production and perception tasks. The corpus data reveal that English predominantly relies on prosodic marking to signal focus, whereas Indonesian demonstrates greater flexibility in word order, using syntactic fronting alongside prosodic cues. Experimental results further show that pitch (F0) is a stronger predictor of focus interpretation in English, whereas in Indonesian, a more distributed system involving both syntactic and prosodic features is observed. Statistical analyses, including linear mixed-effects models, confirm that language type, focus position, and prosodic parameters significantly influence focus interpretation. The findings contribute to the theoretical development of the syntax–prosody interface by demonstrating that focus realization is shaped by language-specific constraints while still reflecting universal principles of information structure. Methodologically, the study highlights the effectiveness of integrating corpus and experimental data in cross-linguistic research. These results provide new insights into typological variation in focus marking and offer a more comprehensive understanding of how syntax and prosody interact in natural language.

This study investigates the integration of computational thinking (CT) principles with adaptive curricula to enhance problem-solving skills in undergraduate programming education. Traditional programming curricula often emphasize syntax and basic concepts, neglecting critical problem-solving strategies. The adaptive curriculum framework used in this study combines CT skills such as decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithmic thinking with personalized learning experiences. A mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research, was employed to assess the effectiveness of this integrated approach. The results show significant improvements in students' problem-solving abilities, conceptual understanding, and engagement compared to a control group following a traditional curriculum. Students in the experimental group, which received the adaptive curriculum, demonstrated better performance in applying algorithms and debugging code. Additionally, students expressed higher levels of engagement and motivation, suggesting that the personalized learning environment fostered greater academic involvement. The study highlights the importance of integrating CT principles with adaptive learning frameworks to create a more inclusive and effective learning environment that accommodates diverse learning needs. The findings suggest that adaptive curricula can bridge gaps in traditional education by providing personalized support and ensuring that students progress at their own pace. This approach is especially beneficial for programming education, where both conceptual understanding and practical problem-solving skills are critical for success. Future research should explore the long-term impact of adaptive learning frameworks and investigate how these technologies can be integrated with traditional teaching methods to maximize their effectiveness.

General education at Islamic Religious Higher Education Institutions (PTKI) plays an important role in developing students’ critical thinking skills so they can analyze religious and social issues reflectively and contextually. However, learning practices in PTKI are still dominated by teacher-centered approaches and low cognitive achievement, which limits the development of analytical, evaluative, and problem-solving abilities. Meanwhile, studies show that integrating digital media, particularly video, can improve conceptual understanding, motivation, and cognitive engagement, yet a digital video-based meaningful learning model specifically designed for the PTKI context remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to formulate a Digital Video-Based Meaningful Learning Model (MPBBVD) to enhance students’ critical thinking skills. This research employed a literature review method by analyzing books, scientific articles, research reports, and digital sources related to meaningful learning, constructivism, multimedia learning, digital video use, and critical thinking development. Data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively to identify the theoretical foundations, learning syntax, and design principles of the model. The findings indicate that MPBBVD integrates Ausubel’s Meaningful Learning theory, constructivist perspectives from Piaget, Vygotsky, and Bruner, Mayer’s Multimedia Learning theory, and the critical thinking framework of Facione and Ennis. The model uses digital video as the main learning medium and applies the ACTIVE stages (Attend, Connect, Think, Interpret, Verify, Evaluate) to promote contextual and interactive learning. Integrating pre-, during-, and post-video activities supports knowledge construction, reduces cognitive load, and increases student engagement, contributing theoretically and practically to improving critical thinking in PTKI in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era.

Islamic education learning models in campus environments often face challenges in integrating critical thinking with religious character building. Dogmatic and lecturer-centered learning makes students less involved in discovering contextual religious meaning. This study aims to explore the development of an Islamic value-based Guided Inquiry learning model in Islamic education courses. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with an adaptation of the Thiagarajan, Semmel & Semmel model using the 4D approach (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), as well as a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods (mixed methods) through tests, questionnaires, observations, interviews, and reflective journals. Quantitative analysis used a mean difference test. The results showed that the developed model consisted of eight phases, namely Open, Immerse, Explore, Identify, Gather, Create, Share, and Evaluate, which were integrated with Islamic values, such as faith, honesty, responsibility, and tolerance. Expert validation showed high feasibility, namely 93.33%. The implementation in the student classroom showed the feasibility of the model syntax with an average observation score of 87.4%, with the Open and Share phases being the most consistent. Empirically, the developed model was effectively implemented in PAI learning with an increase in the average score in meeting I from 58.24 to 73.23, in meeting II from 66.17 to 84.5, and in meeting III, the average score increased from 55.34 to 81.78. The developed model had a very strong impact on shaping student behavior, as shown by the questionnaire results with a score of 93.48%. Supporting factors included the learning environment (with an influence score of 4.55), lecturers and teaching methods (influence score of 4.78), students (influence score of 4.19), and curriculum and material factors (score of 4.37). This means that these factors were identified as factors influencing the development of the learning model.

This study aims to examine the process and improvement of reading comprehension skills among slow learner students in Grade VII at SMP Negeri 2 Karangan through the use of interactive animation video media based on the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model. Employing the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method following the Kemmis and McTaggart model, the study was conducted in two cycles with six slow learner students as research subjects. The observation results indicated an improvement from 89.58% in Cycle I to 100% in Cycle II. The average reading comprehension score increased from 65 to 83, with the percentage of students achieving the minimum mastery criteria rising from 67.85% to 89.28% with a difference of 18 points increase. These findings demonstrate that interactive animation video media based on PjBL effectively enhances both student engagement and learning outcomes, particularly in understanding English texts. This success was supported by the active role of the teacher in adapting the PjBL syntax to meet the specific needs of the slow learner students.

The effectiveness of sentences has a very important influence on the quality of the content of a literary work. In writing essays, it is important to use effective sentences so that implied and explicit messages can be conveyed clearly and well. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of sentences in essay texts on the April 2024 Edition of the "Metafor.id" Page as teaching materials for reading comprehension. This study uses two approaches, namely the methodological approach and the theoretical approach. The methodological approach uses a qualitative descriptive approach, while the theoretical approach applies syntactic analysis to evaluate the quality of content and analyze effective sentences. The data collection technique in this study uses intensive reading techniques and note-taking techniques. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using the distribution method.This research is expected to be useful for readers in writing good and correct essay texts in accordance with linguistic rules so as to produce cohesive essay texts and effectively structured sentences.

The use of effective sentences in academic communication is essential, especially in essay writing that contains various legal arguments. Essays should employ proper sentence structures to clearly conver ideas and persuade readers. This study aims to analyze ineffective sentence constructions found in the Kumpulan Esai Kritis NACE Competition 2021 published on thr LK2 FHUI website as educational reading material. The research method used is descriptive qualitative and theoretical. Data collection was carried out using observation and note-taking techniques by analyzing various types of errors in the essay texts. The data collection process followed four steps: (1) data collection, (2) data analysis, (3) discussion, and (4) conculusion and recommendation. The results show that many ineffective sentences are still found in the essays, such as punctuation errors, wordiness, inappropriate use of foreign terms, improper word choices, and excessive repetition. These errors negatively impact the clarity and persuasiveness of the messages and arguments within the essays. This research is expected to contribute to improving essay writing quality and the development of more effective academic literacy.