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The restructuring of Indonesian state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and their subsidiaries following the establishment of Danantara has generated new organizational demands, particularly regarding employees’ psychological preparedness for change. This article develops a quantitative research framework to examine the effects of change communication, transformational leadership, job insecurity, and organizational culture on employees’ readiness for change, with perceived organizational support serving as a moderating variable. The study is designed as an explanatory survey targeting employees of PT Krakatau Steel subsidiaries affected by restructuring. Data are intended to be collected using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The article proposes that change communication, transformational leadership, and organizational culture positively influence readiness for change, whereas job insecurity exerts a negative effect. In addition, perceived organizational support is expected to strengthen the positive effects of change communication, transformational leadership, and organizational culture while attenuating the negative effect of job insecurity. The article contributes to the organizational behavior literature by offering a contextually grounded framework for understanding employee responses to restructuring in SOE subsidiaries. It further highlights the strategic importance of organizational support in sustaining employees’ readiness to navigate changes in governance, work systems, and organizational direction.

Corruption in Indonesia is not merely a moral transgression but an extraordinary economic crime that depletes national resources. The ultimate objective of corruption eradication, therefore, must be the restoration of state financial losses (asset recovery).  However, the current formulation of the criminal law system specifically Article 18 of Law No. 31 of 1999 contains a critical policy flaw. The provision of "Subsidiary Imprisonment" (Pidana Pengganti) allows convicts to substitute their financial restitution obligations with a disproportionately short prison term. This mechanism inadvertently provides an economic incentive for corruptors to conceal assets and choose imprisonment, resulting in significant state revenue loss. This study aims to critique the current penal policy formulation and propose a comprehensive reformulation of the compensation system. The research employs a normative-juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach, utilizing the "Economic Analysis of Law" theory to evaluate the efficiency of sanctions. The study argues that the penal policy must shift from a "person-based" approach (in personam) to an "asset-based" approach (in rem). It is imperative to abolish the subsidiary imprisonment option for high-value corruption and implement "Non-Conviction Based Forfeiture" to maximize the recovery of state losses. Furthermore, this policy shift requires law enforcers with high-level cognitive skills to trace complex financial trails.

This study investigates the influence of sustainable leadership and customer-oriented culture on employee performance at PT Krakatau Sarana Properti (PT KSP), a subsidiary of PT Krakatau Steel operating in Indonesia’s commercial property sector. Amid rapid globalization and technological change, organizations are compelled to foster adaptive cultures and leadership approaches that ensure both operational excellence and long-term sustainability. Drawing on Organizational Behavior and the Resource-Based View, this research positions sustainable leadership as a strategic resource that not only directly enhances employee performance but also shapes a customer-oriented culture—an intangible asset vital for organizational competitiveness. Employing a quantitative, explanatory research design, data were collected from 95 employees using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings reveal that sustainable leadership has a significant positive impact on employee performance and customer-oriented culture. Additionally, customer-oriented culture exerts a strong influence on employee performance and partially mediates the relationship between sustainable leadership and employee performance. These results underscore the importance of integrating sustainability principles into leadership practices and embedding customer-centric values throughout the organization. The study provides both theoretical and practical contributions, offering a more holistic understanding of how sustainable leadership and organizational culture jointly drive superior performance. For PT KSP and similar organizations, investing in sustainable leadership development and cultivating a customer-oriented culture are recommended strategies to enhance employee motivation, adaptability, and long-term competitive advantage in a dynamic business environment.

The phenomenon of tax avoidance in Indonesia remains a significant issue, one of which is the case of PT. Adaro Energy Tbk, which practiced tax avoidance through transfer pricing to its subsidiary in Singapore, Coaltrade Service International, from 2009 to 2017. Based on this phenomenon, this study aims to analyze the effect of leverage and profitability on tax avoidance with transfer pricing as a moderating variable in coal subsector energy companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2021–2023 period. This study uses descriptive analysis methods, classical assumption tests, Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA), and hypothesis testing with t-tests. The data processing tool used is SPSS version 23. The study population consisted of 45 companies, and through purposive sampling technique, 12 companies were obtained as samples with a three-year observation period, resulting in a total sample of 36 data. The results show that leverage has a positive effect on tax avoidance, while profitability has no effect on tax avoidance. Meanwhile, transfer pricing has a negative effect on tax avoidance. Interestingly, transfer pricing has been shown to strengthen the relationship between leverage and tax avoidance, as well as the relationship between profitability and tax avoidance. This finding confirms that "transfer pricing can be a significant moderating factor in corporate tax management strategies." Therefore, the results of this study contribute to understanding tax avoidance practices in the coal subsector for companies and regulators, as well as providing policy implications for tax regulations in Indonesia.

A fiduciary guarantee agreement is a formal agreement that must be stated in a notarial deed as regulated in Article 4 of the Fiduciary Guarantee Law. This provision states that a fiduciary guarantee is a subsidiary agreement of the main agreement that creates an obligation for the parties to fulfill a performance. Execution, in this context, is a legal action carried out based on a legally binding decision. Article 15 paragraph (2) of the Fiduciary Law explains that the executorial power of a fiduciary guarantee certificate allows for direct implementation without going through a court, is final, and binds the parties. This research uses an empirical normative method, namely combining library studies with field research. Primary data was obtained through interviews with Judges of the Yogyakarta District Court, Judges of the Sleman District Court, the Yogyakarta State Assets and Auction Service Office (KPKNL), and the Yogyakarta Regional Office of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. Secondary data comes from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The analysis was conducted qualitatively. The research results indicate that following Constitutional Court Decision No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019, the execution of fiduciary collateral objects can no longer be carried out unilaterally by creditors, but must instead be filed through the District Court. This provision balances the legal standing between debtors and creditors and prevents potential arbitrariness. Nevertheless, execution through the courts is an alternative if there is no agreement between the parties regarding a default. The court's role following the Constitutional Court decision includes resolving disputes between creditors and debtors and ensuring that execution procedures are carried out in accordance with the HIR (Regional Regulations for the Protection of Creditors), RBG (Regional Regulations for the Protection of Creditors), and the Supreme Court's technical instructions. In general, the execution mechanism through the courts is considered quite effective in ensuring legal protection for both parties.

This study examines the application of material criminal law and the judge's legal considerations in two corruption cases: Central Jakarta District Court Decisions No. 3/Pid.Sus-TPK/2025/PN Jkt.Pst. and No. 21/Pid.Sus-TPK/2025/PN Jkt.Pst. Conducted within the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia, the research uses literature review methods, including laws, court decisions, and related legal literature. The study adopts a descriptive approach to analyze and present findings. Results indicate differing views between the public prosecutor and the panel of judges. The Public Prosecutor believes the defendant is proven guilty under Article 2(1) of Law No. 31/1999 on the Eradication of Corruption (amended by Law No. 20/2001), in conjunction with Article 55(1) of the Criminal Code, Law No. 46/2009 on the Corruption Court, and Law No. 8/1981 on Criminal Procedure. However, a dissenting opinion emerged among the judges. One judge disagreed with the majority, arguing that Judex Facti incorrectly applied the law. The judge emphasized that in cases with alternative charges, the court must evaluate all charges collectively rather than selectively, as in subsidiary charges. Therefore, the judge believed that the charge meeting the legal elements revealed in court should be selected based on comprehensive evaluation. This dissent highlights the legal complexity and interpretive challenges in corruption trials under Indonesian law.

PT Multipolar Technology Tbk is a leading information technology (IT) solutions provider in Indonesia, specializing in system integration, IT consulting, and outsourcing services. As part of the Lippo Group business ecosystem, the company plays a pivotal role in driving digital transformation across various industries, including banking, retail, telecommunications, and government sectors. Through strategic partnerships with global technology leaders such as IBM, Oracle, Cisco, and Microsoft, Multipolar Technology delivers comprehensive solutions encompassing hardware, software, cloud services, and data center infrastructure. Additionally, through its subsidiary PT Visionet Data Internasional (VisioNet), the company offers large-scale managed services. Its commitment to service excellence and technological advancement positions Multipolar Technology as a trusted partner in the digital journey of organizations throughout Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the impact of overtime work on physical and mental fatigue of the crew of the MV ship. Manalagi Tisya, by identifying the causal factors and consequences that may arise due to additional working hours. In this study, the researcher will apply a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. This research was conducted by the author on the MV ship. Manalagi Tisya owned by PT Pelayaran Manalagi which is a subsidiary of PT Salam Pacific Indonesia Lines, with the ship call sign "YBTL2" and a total load capacity of 52201 MT. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions. Testing the validity of this research data used source triangulation, technical triangulation, and time triangulation. Based on the results of the study, it explains that the Overtime Pattern: The crew of the MV ship. Manalagi Tisya experienced an average of 4.5 hours of overtime per day, with the Engine Department experiencing the highest overtime (an average of 5.2 hours). Overtime most often occurs during loading and unloading at the port (35%) and when facing bad weather (27%), Physical Impact: Continuous overtime causes significant physical impacts in the form of sleep disturbances (80%), back and waist pain (70%), and muscle pain (60%), Mental Impact: As many as 85% of crew experience moderate to severe mental fatigue due to overtime, with the main symptoms being difficulty concentrating (75%), irritability (65%), and decreased decision-making ability (60%). Safety: There is a strong positive correlation (r = 0.82) between the duration of overtime and the frequency of safety incidents. The risk of incidents increases by 28% for every additional 2 hours of overtime, Work Performance: Overtime has an impact on decreased work performance, especially in problem-solving skills (45%), compliance with procedures (41%), and effective communication (37%), Overtime Management: The most effective overtime management strategies are task rotation and fatigue management training, but their implementation is still not optimal. Limited number of personnel and operational demands are the main obstacles in minimizing overtime, Regulatory Compliance: Average working hours of MV ship crew. Keywords: Overtime Work, Physical Fatigue, Mental Crew.

Illegal trafficking of protected wildlife is an activity that is a threat to the survival of wildlife, Illegal trafficking categorized as a crime against wildlife includes: intentionally capturing, storing, possessing, maintaining, transporting and trading protected animals in a living condition. The problem in this thesis is what is the basis for the judge's legal considerations in passing a verdict against the perpetrator of the crime of trafficking in protected wildlife of the Siamang species in Decision Number: 134 / Pid.B / LH / 2023 / Pn Kla? is the judge's decision in imposing the sentence in accordance with substantive justice?, The research method used is normative and empirical juridical, The data used is primary and secondary data, data collection with literature studies and interviews. While data processing through the stages of data examination, data selection, data classification, and data systematization. The data that has been presented in the form of a description, discussed and analyzed descriptively qualitatively, to then draw conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the consideration of the Judge in Decision Number: 134 / Pid.B / LH / 2023 / Pn Kla in deciding the criminal case of trade in protected wildlife species of siamang, the Judge in Decision Number: 134 / Pid.B / LH / 2023 / Pn Kla related to the criminal act of trade in siamang species of wildlife considered the legal, sociological, and philosophical aspects according to Ahmad Rifai's theory. The legal aspect includes the sufficiency of evidence and the fulfillment of the elements of Article 40 Paragraph 2 in conjunction with Article 21 Paragraph 2 of Law No. 5 of 1990 concerning the Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. Sociologically, the judge sees the impact of the defendant's actions on society and the environment. From a philosophical perspective, punishment is seen not as revenge, but an effort to educate the defendant not to repeat his actions. Finally, the judge sentenced him to 1 year and 4 months in prison and a fine of Rp25,000,000, subsidiary to 1 month in prison if the fine is not paid. The suggestion is that the government, law enforcement and stakeholders are expected to increase education to the community, especially around national parks/protected forests, not to trade in protected animals. This is important to prevent similar crimes and maintain the existence of protected animals in their habitat.    

Wings Air is a low-cost airline in Indonesia and is a subsidiary of the company PT. Lion Grub. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of service quality and brand image variables on passenger satisfaction with Wings Air at Sultan Muhammad Kaharuddin Airport, Sumbawa, both partially and simultaneously. The method used is a quantitative method with non-probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques distributed through a questionnaire of 100 respondents. This research instrument uses a Likert scale with 22 statements according to the indicators of each variable. This research uses SPSS for descriptive analysis and testing classical assumptions and hypothesis testing, namely multiple linear regression analysis tests. The service quality variable gets a t-count > t-table result of 2,809 > 1.984 with a significance value of 0.006 < 0.05 and the brand image variable gets a t-count > t-table value of 2,313 > 1,984 with a significance value of 0.023 < 0.05. The results of this research indicate that the variables of service quality and brand image have a partial effect on passenger satisfaction. The variables of service quality and brand image simultaneously influence passenger satisfaction with an f-count > f-table value of 10,975 > 3.09 and a significance of 0.000 < 0.05 with an influence size of 16.8%.

The liquidation of a subsidiary in the banking sector is a strategic step with a significant impact on the financial performance, reputation, and sustainability of the parent company. This study aims to analyze the factors that drive liquidation, both internal such as financial performance, mismanagement, and legal compliance, as well as external such as market changes, natural disasters, and globalization pressures. Data were collected through academic literature review using qualitative approaches and data triangulation to improve the reliability of the results. The results of the study show that poor liquidity management, both due to internal and external factors, is the main cause of liquidation. The impact on the reputation of the parent company is dualistic: on the one hand it increases operational efficiency, but on the other hand it risks creating negative perceptions, such as management failures or employee losses. Therefore, companies must strengthen financial management, utilize technology to monitor cash flow in real-time, and develop flexible risk policies. Transparent communication with stakeholders is also important to minimize reputational impact. This study shows that effective liquidity management supports operational efficiency and increases public confidence, customers, and regulators, relevant for both Islamic and conventional banking in dealing with market dynamics.

PT Multicentral Aryaguna is a subsidiary of Indomobil Group which is engaged in the field of building management and rental service sector. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of leadership style and punishment on the performance of employees of PT Multicentral Aryaguna East Jakarta. In this study, researchers used statistica quantitative analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and coefficient of determination analysis with the help of SPSS 25 software. The sample used in this study was a saturated sample of 40 employees. The results of this study obtained using the t test that leadership style partialy has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a significant level of 0.032 <0.05 and t test results of 2.226> 2.024. Punishment partialy has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a significant level of 0.000 <0.05 and t test results of 4.992> 2,024. Leadership style and punishment simultaneously have a positive and significant effect with a significant level of 0.000 < 0.05 and F test results of 35.176> 3.25 on employee performance.

Sinar Inti Telaga was founded in 1986, then transformed into PT Serasi Autoraya in 1990 by introducing the trademark "Toyota A Car". PT. Serasi Autoraya (TRAC) is an international subsidiary. Tbk which is now widely known as one of the largest transportation and logistics service companies in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of compensation and work discipline on the performance of PT. Serasi Autoraya (TRAC) in this research uses independent variables, namely compensation (X1) and work discipline (X2) as well as the dependent variable, namely employee performance (Y). The population of this study were employees of PT. Serasi Autoraya (TRAC). The sample used the Puprosive Sampling method, data collection by collecting questionnaires online with Google from to 50 respondents. The method in this research uses quantitative statistical methods. Quantitative statistical analysis includes validity tests, reliability tests, multiple linear analysis. Other hypothesis testing includes classical assumption tests, including data normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, T test, F test, and coefficient of determination test (R2). The data was processed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 25.0 photo windows program. The test results of the T (Partial) test on the compensation variable (X1) show that the sig 0.004 < 0.05 and t value 3,028 > 2,010 (t table) test results on the T (Partial) test on the work discipline variable, namely 0.000 < 0.05 and t value 6,081 > 2,010 (t table). The test results of the F test (Simultaneous) show that the sig value is 0.000 < 0.05 and the calculated f value is 49,966 > 3.19 (f table) and it can be concluded that compensation (X1) and work discipline (X2) have a positive and significant effect on performance employee (Y).

Dyandra Promosindo is a subsidiary of PT Digital Inisiatif, part of Kompas Gramedia, operating in the MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conference, and Exhibitions) sector. The event organizer is responsible for determining the theme and overall concept of the event, which serves as the foundation for all event-related aspects. This study aims to understand the role of Dyandra Promosindo Surabaya as an event organizer in organizing an event, namely the Indonesia International Motor Show (IIMS) 2024 in Surabaya. The findings show that Dyandra Promosindo plays a crucial role in promoting products or company brands through various types of events such as expos or exhibitions. The implications of this study highlight the importance of the role of event organizers in the success of events and the satisfaction of all involved parties.

Bookkeeping administration is an important aspect in waste bank activities because it has the benefit of recording and carrying out complete and detailed reporting within a certain time period, so that there are no differences in calculations between customers and the Waste Bank management. The importance of bookkeeping administration in managing the Waste Bank (recording the entry and exit of each type of waste managed by the Waste Bank), can help optimize waste management and increase the effectiveness of waste management. Simple bookkeeping (in the form of Socialization) was introduced in the transaction cycle at the Bank Sampah "Sami Berkah", Kelurahan Meteseh, Kecamatan Tembalang, Semarang (making a Chart of Account, Journal from proof of transactions, posting to the ledger and subsidiary books, up to making Financial Reports). The administrative management of the Bank Sampah Sami Berkah has met the minimum requirements of the Dinas Lingkungan Hidup, starting from books, officers, waste reception schedules, until the waste deposited has been sorted by customers/members. Likewise, the duties and responsibilities of waste bank management officers are in accordance with the job and description of the organizational structure. The proposed use of the information system at the "Sami Berkah" Waste Bank is the use of an Android-based application or web system (mobile web access) in order to accommodate the need for faster and easier information access for customers/Members and Waste Bank managers, as well as being able to overcome the Bank's operational problems. Waste starts from customer registration, savings transaction processes to reporting, efficiently and with integrity. and easy to manage by admins and monitored by users directly.

PT Sinergi Gula Nusantara, which is a subsidiary of Holding Perkebunan Nusantara (Persero), is a national sugar industry and overseas 36 sugar factories throughout Indonesia. Income Tax 21 policy on natura or enjoyment obtained in tax implementation. This research is written using descriptive method of analysing the results directly to the company during the internship. As for natura or enjoyment obtained by employees in the form of Office Clothing, K3 facilities, Health COB, Extra Voiding, Sports Activities, Icip-Icip Sugar, PG Service House, Service Vehicles for certain Positions and Pension Contributions by the Company.

This research aims to determine the legal protection for creditors if the fiduciary guarantee deed is not registered by a notary, and the legal implications if the fiduciary guarantee is not registered by a notary. The method used in this research uses the Juridical Sociology method.The results of the research show that a fiduciary agreement which makes the object of collateral (in the form of objects) in a subsidiary agreement (acessoir) of the main agreement has weak legal protection for creditors if the agreement is not registered by a Notary through the Fiduciary Guarantee Institute, as stipulated in the Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees. The legal implications for creditors' rights because they do not comply with the principle of publicity as per the applicable consensus, in this case is Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees which regulates Preferential Rights and Executorial Rights.For the implementation of financing by making objects into objects, an agreement process should be carried out in accordance with the Fiduciary Guarantee consensus by referring to Law Number 42 of 1999, by fulfilling the principle of publicity as the main legal principle in material guarantee law.

Companies face the challenge of achieving goals and objectives with effective, efficient and risk-free operations. One strategy that is commonly used is opening new branches or establishing new branches. This research focuses on PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk, an oil palm plantation company, and investigates the implementation of PSAK 65 in preparing consolidated financial statements. PSAK 65 is important for recording transactions during the consolidation process, recognizing subsidiary profits, and preparing financial reports according to general accounting standards. This study involves comparisons with previous research, such as the implementation of PSAK 65 by PT Telkom Indonesia Tbk. This research aims to provide further understanding of PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk's consolidated accounting practices and compliance with these standards.

The Video Game Industry is a subsidiary of the entertainment industry that is still growing. Video Games come in different genres and have unique experiences for every player. One of those unique games is the souls-like genre. The souls-like genre is games designed with a high difficulty level, with a dedicated fanbase that loves games with these genres. In this research, we would like to conduct research about Challenging Gameplay and Its Impact on Player Motivation in Gaming. In this research we used the experimental method to observe players’ reaction during the experiment and followed up with an interview. This experiment's result shows that participants who experience setbacks & defeat multiple times still show interest towards playing a game that has challenging gameplay outside of this experiment.

In debt and credit problems, bankruptcy is often the last solution to resolve the problem. State-Owned Enterprises or SOEs are also not immune from debt and credit problems that lead to bankruptcy. The regulation regarding the bankruptcy of SOEs itself is regulated in Article 2 Paragraph (5) of the Bankruptcy Law and its explanation. However, problems then arise when the subsidiaries of SOEs become bankruptcy respondents. There is no legislation that specifically regulates the bankruptcy of SOEs Subsidiaries, so this has led to confusion and debate in the community regarding the status of SOEs Subsidiaries in terms of bankruptcy. The ambiguity and debate can be seen in the implications of the bankruptcy petition case filed by the Kinarya Liman Margaseta Consortium against PT Indonesia Power, which is a Subsidiary of SOEs, namely PT PLN. This research aims to find out how the position of a SOEs Subsidiary in terms of bankruptcy is reviewed from the Bankruptcy Law and SOEs Law. The type of research used in this research is normative legal research. The research specifications used in this research are descriptive analysis. The approach used in this research is a statutory approach and case approach. Based on the results of this case study, it can be seen that when viewed from the Bankruptcy Law and the SOEs Law, basically the subsidiaries of SOEs and SOEs cannot be equated in status and position. This is supported by several theories and strengthened by the Constitutional Court Decision and the Supreme Court Decision. Thus, PT Indonesia Power's bankruptcy petition should be filed by its creditors in addition to the Minister of Finance.