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The importance of the language development phase at the age of 1-3 years confirms that the influence of gadgets on children's speaking abilities is an aspect that requires special understanding and attention. The use of gadgets, if not managed wisely, has the potential to reduce the time that should be spent on direct interaction and communication between children and their environment. In this research, the literature review study method was used as the main approach to understand the impact of using gadgets on the speaking abilities of children aged 1-3 years. This approach involves analysis and synthesis of information from various literature sources relevant to the research topic. This research produces that In conclusion, this research underlines the complexity of using gadgets in children aged 1-3 years. Some children experience improvements in speaking ability through educational content, while others experience regression, especially in aspects of social interaction.

Research Summary This thesis was prepared by Ilm Hayati, registration number: (2219042). Department of Arabic Language Education, College of Education and Educational Sciences, University of Syeikh Muhammad DJamil DJamik Bukittinggi State Islamic State Bukittinggi, on the topic “Application of the Object Box Game to improve the speaking skill of students at the Second Government Islamic Secondary School in Man 2 Madina Natal. The problem in this school is the following: lack of use of the medium in teaching the Arabic language, lack of ability to speak skill among students in secondary schoolThe Second Islamic Government of Mandailing Natal, Arabic language teaching that is monotonous, lack of students' desire to learn the Arabic language. As for the methodology of the research in this research, using the experimental and counting the research community, the total number =77,the number of students in the experimental class is 36, students. Then the research tools are observation, testing, and documentation. ability, speaking skill, students in the tenth chapter between teaching the game of the box of things was applied and the game of the box of things was applied in teaching the Arabic language and its results are (Ho) rejected and (Ha) allowed.

One of the four Arabic language skills is the ability to write, or what is called maharah al-kitabah. There are four categories of Arabic language skills, namely listening skills (maharah al-istima'), speaking skills (maharah al-kalam), reading skills (maharah al-qira'ah), and writing skills (maharah al-kitabah). Writing is an activity related to the thinking process and the ability to convey ideas through writing. Insya' muwajjah, or structured writing, is one method to improve the ability of maharah al-kitabah with a teaching method that asks students to write perfect sentences or essays with some direction and instructions from the teacher. This research was conducted with the aim of getting an answer to whether one of the insha' muwajjah learning methods could be an alternative for achieving success for a teacher in teaching one of the skills that is included in the most difficult level of other maharah. This research uses analysis that the author quotes from various secondary data, in the form of scientific journals, theses and internet media. From the results that we have collected from various previous sources, it shows that the insha' muwajjah method can be an alternative because the learning carried out starts from easy to difficult stages so that students' understanding can be evenly captured in learning until skills are formed.

Abstract. Language is a central part of human intelligence, it is important for us to understand how and when language is mastered as well as the social cognitive and neurological facts that influence language development at an early age.  Language is a symbol system that is an important means of communication, even though we cannot communicate in other ways such as gestures, postures or facial expressions, language is our most flexible method of communication.  Language allows us to describe the past and make plans for the future.  Language allows us to convey traditional ideas and values to the next generation, thus language is of the most important cultural and social importance.  Research using this method is carried out by comparing research methods, processing methods, and the results obtained from each article.  The research source comes from articles obtained via the internet in the form of research articles discussing infancy development.The research results show.  Speaking is a means of communication to be able to communicate with other people, all individuals must be able to master two different functions, the ability to grasp the meaning that other people want to communicate and the ability to communicate with other people in such a way that they can be understood.  Early social experiences play an important role in determining future social relationships and patterns of behavior toward others.  Learning to behave in a moral manner that is accepted by those around you is a long and slow process.  But the basics are laid in infancy and it is based on these basics that babies develop moral codes that guide their behavior when they grow up.

According to the KBBI, the meaning of literacy itself, as reported on the Ministry of Education and Culture's official website, is the ability to write and read.  Etymologically, the term literacy itself comes from the Latin "literatus" which means someone who learns.  In this case, literacy is closely related to the process of reading and writing.  Literacy activities in the learning phase aim to develop the ability to understand texts and relate them to personal experiences, think critically, and process communication skills creatively through activities responding to the texts of enrichment books and textbooks.  Literacy or literacy is a general term that refers to a series of individual abilities and skills in reading, writing, speaking, calculating and solving problems at a certain level of expertise required in everyday life.  Benefits of literacy Expanding insight and knowledge.  Sharpen the ability to capture and understand information from reading.  Literacy is not the same as reading.  Reading and books are the surface technical and physical forms of literacy.  The essence of literacy is how humans gain knowledge and learn to gain knowledge.  Raising self-confidence in children is a parent's responsibility, although cultivating self-confidence is not an easy job.  Apart from requiring patience and example, parents must be clever in creating an atmosphere that is conducive to growing children's self-confidence.  Especially an atmosphere that is able to foster a child's sense of self-esteem which must be understood together, by building a child's self-esteem it will not automatically be able to grow a child's self-confidence.  However, if a child has a healthy sense of self-esteem by knowing and being able to accept himself as he is, including all his limitations, then he will be able to feel ashamed of himself and see everything as part of the reality of life.

English speaking skills are an important aspect in developing high school students' communication skills. This workshop aims to improve high school students' speaking skills, especially in understanding and expressing ideas clearly. The workshop will cover a variety of communication strategies and techniques involving active interaction, group discussions, and hands-on exercises. Through a practical approach, workshop participants will be empowered to overcome common obstacles in speaking, including unclear expression of ideas, appropriate use of body language, and effective word choice. The expected result of this workshop is an increase in students' ability to compose and convey ideas in a structured and convincing manner. Apart from that, it is also hoped that there will be an increase in students' self-confidence in speaking in public. Thus, this workshop focuses not only on academic aspects, but also on developing interpersonal skills that are important for future success.  

This research aims to improve students' speaking skills through group discussion-based learning media in class I UPTD SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan. This research is Classroom Action Research, the subject of this research is class 1 consisting of 23 students, of which the total number of students is 11 girls and 12 boys. The implementation of P2K is carried out in 2 cycles, each cycle lasts for 2 teaching and learning process meetings and every second meeting there is a learning evaluation results test. This research was carried out in the Teaching Profession Strengthening (P2K) activities which started on October 4-November 13 in the 2023/2024 academic year. The results of the research show that during the learning process there is a change in students' attitudes during the learning process in accordance with the results of observations, namely by implementing the Talking Stick type cooperative learning model assisted by picture media, it can increase students' self-confidence to ask both the teacher and their friends about material they don't know. understandable and can increase student attendance. So, Talking Stick type cooperative learning assisted by picture media in thematic learning is suitable for use in this class. This can be seen from the increase in learning outcomes for class 1 students at UPTD SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan after improving speaking skills for class 1 students through group discussion-based learning media.    

It is necessary to take action because the speaking abilities of the youngsters at Baitul Hikmah Early Childhood Education have declined. The purpose of this study is to enhance young children's speaking skills in early childhood education by using role-playing exercises. The John Elliot model of classroom action research is applied in this study methodology. Teachers, parents, and kids in Baitul Hikmah 1 Early Childhood Education are the subjects of this study. There are nine males and eleven girls among the twenty children. Data for this study were gathered through observation, interviews, and documentation. The researcher observed the children at Baitul Hikmah Early Childhood Education 1 and their speaking ability. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis were employed to analyze the data for this study. The study's findings demonstrate that playing activities can help Baitul Hikmah 1 Early Childhood Education students' speaking abilities.

The purpose of this study is to find out  is there any correlation between self-confidence and the speaking ability at the third year students of Madrasah Aliyah Al-Qasimiyah Sorek Satu. This research will look at the relationship between students' speaking ability and their sense of self-confidence. According to Hatch and Lazaraton (1991), correlation studies are used to assess the degree of relationship between two variables in this research, these variables include students' speaking abilities and self-confidence. Madrasah Aliyah Al-Qasimiyah's self-confidence, the highest score for third year students of Madrasah Aliyah Al-Qasimiyah is 98.2%, they have very high self-confidence, where students hope to excel in this class. which refers to the course/class content. It can be concluded that students have a high level of general self-confidence in themselves and their abilities. The research results show that speaking skills and self-confidence are moderately and positively correlated and have a significant impact on teachers and administrators of Madrasah Aliyah Al-Qasimiyah Sorek Satu and other similar institutions. These results imply that programs that focus on increasing students' self-confidence may also benefit their speaking abilities. These findings emphasize the importance of these factors and imply that interventions that focus on both factors may benefit students' academic success and personal growth.

This study is intended to determine the extent of correlation between English learning motivation and public speaking ability. The design used is Correlation analysis by using Simple Linear Regression. The participants of the study were 30 students of English Education Study program of IAIN Palangka Raya who joined Speaking class and who used the questionnaire. The data were collected from 4 April to 8 May September 2023. The result of the study shows that the data above is stated to be correlated. Variable X to Variable Y has a correlation. With the degree of relationship, namely 0.70 and the form of the relationship is positive.

Competency/ability of Human Resources is also important in supporting the achievements and goals of the organization, in facing the rapid development of technology, organizations can no longer stand idly by, they will be crushed by the times, in the current era it could be said that people or organizations cannot sleep. amidst the hustle and bustle of development in all fields, the availability of highly skilled human resources is very necessary, the era of one-touch one service requires the ability to manage well, continuously, and consistently. To produce good human resources, implementing the 12-Year Compulsory Education program or graduating from high school is one of the government's efforts to improve the quality of human resources that are more qualified and competitive. Through this program, it is also hoped that it will be able to become a solution in reducing unemployment rates, reducing school dropout rates, and increasing the abilities of the young generation who are ready and able to compete globally. The method used in this service is public speaking assistance and the formation of youth organizations. The results of this research show that teenagers from SMP 4 Kutacane already understand: exploring self-potential, step-by-step building self-confidence, public speaking, character education, and organizing. Apart from that, there are changes and increases in knowledge and the addition of teenagers in organizations, and they tend to have the courage to express opinions in public, with public speaking training

Language is known as a tool for interaction or communication that people use every day in various contexts, including education, economy, travel, and religion. Language skills include four components: speaking, listening, reading, and writing. From the learning outcomes are still low with 6 students failing, researchers need to make improvements to learning. The purpose of this improvement is so that researchers can improve weaknesses in the next. Based on the results obtained by researchers in implementing research at SMA Bersama Berastagi both through assignments, Student Worksheets (LKS) and Based on the results of the exam, students' ability to write drama scripts has increased. This is evidenced by students having mastered the skills of writing drama scripts.

The objective of this study is to find out how the effect of habituation of Mingle Night program in improving students' English speaking ability at BestOne Education English Course. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research design. The data collection methods used were observation, interview, and documentation. The participants in this study amounted to 15 students at the BesOne Education course. The results of this study show that the impact of the Mingle Night program can increase students' vocabulary and improve students' English speaking skills. In addition, the Mingle Night program can also increase self-confidence and build mental in speaking in front of many people. This Mingle Night program is also different from other programs that students have encountered because in Mingle Night students can be free in speaking and having opinions without fear of the wrong word structure. In conclusion, the Mingle Night program at BestOne Education is considered effective in improving students' speaking skills. In addition, tutor assistance and support also greatly affect the effectiveness of this Mingle Night program.

The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between students English watching movie-watching and students speaking ability. The research was conducted in the 11 grade of MA Nurussalam Tetebatu in academic year 2023. The researcher used correlation design method as part of quantitative research and resulted in identification of significant relationship between study and variable. The result of correlation between students in watching English movie and students' speaking ability was 0.049. It was low correlation between the students in the watching English movies and the students speaking abilities at second grade.  

Everyone has different self-confidence. Confidence will grow by itself accompanied by encouragement in individuals who are trying to learn. But in reality, many children are born with a lack of self-confidence, so this hinders children from developing, as we often encounter cases of lack of self-confidence in adolescents, namely related to achievement, public speaking, body shape, family, friends or partners and much more. . Confidence is an individual's ability to develop oneself in a positive direction that is useful for oneself and the environment around them. The method used in this socialization is lecture. In this socialization, the subjects were teenagers at SMAN 1 Polokarto. This socialization aims to teach teenagers how to build self-confidence in themselves.

Nowadays, midwifery and medical work adopted many concepts, descriptions, and terminologies in English. As the demand of the curriculum in midwifery major, English took the magnificence role in facilitating students, preparation for professional requirements, trainings, and research. That was why English became the crucial part for midwifery students to research and practice their English in the real working field. The purpose of the research was to know that this research was expected to confirm and clarify the exposure and practice of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) through English oral presentation language testing gave the better solution to enhance the speaking skill of midwifery students at Medika Suherman University. The research applied the quantitative analysist that covered descriptive analysis statistic and the t – test. In order to achieve the objective of the research which was used the pre-test and the post-test as the tool to measure the speaking skill ability. The population of the research was 50 students midwife of the second semester at Medika Suherman University, Cikarang Bekasi. The sample of the population was 30 students midwife wahich was selected by purposive random technique. There were four meetings of learning and researching process during the experiment. Before the experiment was conducted, the students were given a pre-test. At the end of the experiment, the students did the post-test. The result of the research proved that the post-test scores were better that the pre-test score. The research concluded that the output of the paired test sample with the Sig. (2-tailed) score was 0.000 < 0.05. It stated that the H0 was rejected, and Ha was accepted. Moreover, it showed that there was an effect of the English oral presentation toward midwifery students’ speaking skill at Medika Suherman University. According to the result, after the exposure and practice of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) through the English oral presentation language testing, in fact, it was the one of the effective approaches to improve the students midwife speaking skill ability and enthusiasm in learning English at Medika Suherman University.    

This study aimed to find out the causes on EFL Students' grammatical errors in speaking skills for students of English Language Department of Hamzanwadi University. This research employed descriptive qualitative research design. The participants of this study were 27 students from the second semester. The data were collected by three research instruments which were observation, interview, and documentation. The observation results showed that students often used their mother tongue for class interactions, rarely applying English during the learning. Moreover, the results of the interview showed that students faced challenges in applying grammar to speaking skills due to a lack of vocabulary, comprehension, writing-focused approach, and lack of practice. In conclusion, it is important to learn and practice grammar in speaking skill because fluency in grammar and language rules is crucial for students to become qualified teachers and avoid mistakes. Learning and practicing grammar in speaking skill is also essential for long-term capability.

In an interaction, language has an important role as a communication medium to increase interaction between individuals for a creative, innovative, adaptive life in understanding the values ​​and norms that exist in society. Language learning is the starting point in mastering a particular language. Speaking skills (maharat al-kalam) are one of the skills that must be achieved in learning Arabic. Speaking is the ability to express articulatory sounds or words to express thoughts in the form of ideas, opinions, desires or feelings to a conversation partner. Use of media Social media in the global era has become a basic need for individuals or groups who do it online to interact with each other without being limited by space and time as a form of technological progress during the Covid-19 pandemic. Social media in the world of education is functionally conditioned as a form of collaboration, friendliness and creativity of its users. Social media supports learning materials to strengthen learning materials at the educational level, including at tertiary institutions.

This study aims to improve the speaking skills of grade VIII.2 students of SMP Negeri 2 Sungguminasa through the media of documentary films for the 2022-2023 school year totaling 33 students. Data collection is carried out by test techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive methods by clarifying very high scores, high scores, medium scores and low scores. This type of research is classroom action research which consists of II cycles, namely cycle I with II meetings and cycle II with II meetings. This study focused on one class, namely class VIII.2 with a total of 33 students. The average score of learning outcomes in cycle I is 70.9 and learning outcomes from cycle II is 81.69. In the first cycle, the category of students who completed was 7 students with an achievement of 2.24%, the category of incomplete students was 25 students with a percentage of 78.1%. In cycle II the category of students who completed 28 with a percentage of 84.8% incomplete category 5 students with a percentage of 15%, which means that there was an increase in students' speaking skills from cycle I to cycle II of 81.41%. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the results of the speaking ability of grade VIII.2 SMP Negeri 2 Sungguminasa increased by using documentary film media, an increase of 81.41%.

The purpose of Community Service Activities is to provide Public Speaking skills to residents and cadets of Cupak Village in the form of socialization. The results of this activity showed that before the implementation of Community Service, all members still did not master the material about Public Speaking, but after the implementation of the activity was carried out, the participants of this Community Service activity all residents and cadets from this cupak village had the ability on how to package good communication. So they are skilled when they are required to appear speaking in front of tourists. Because as one of the important components in religious tourism villages, cupak, jombang, every citizen and cadet reef must have a positive image in the eyes of tourists. In addition, public speaking can also be used to promote tourism potentials that have not been known to the general public. The method used is to provide training through the provision of Public Speaking material to cupak villagers and then discuss together related to existing problems.