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Background: Digital transformation in arts education has introduced new paradigms in pedagogical tools, yet the specific role of artificial intelligence in fostering creativity within dance education remains under-explored. Objective: This study aims to analyze the contribution of AI Motion technology to enhancing the creative thinking skills of junior high school students in dance learning. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A total of 30 peer-reviewed articles published between 2023 and 2025 were selected from databases including Scopus, ScienceDirect, ERIC, Google Scholar, and Garuda. Data were analyzed using the qualitative descriptive framework of Miles and Huberman. Results: The findings demonstrate that AI Motion technology significantly improves movement accuracy by up to 41% and fosters four key dimensions of creativity: fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The technology provides real-time feedback and visualization, enabling students to transition from passive imitation to autonomous movement exploration. Conclusion: The integration of AI Motion is strategically aligned with the Indonesian Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes differentiated learning and 21st-century skills. However, successful implementation is contingent upon overcoming challenges related to teacher digital competency and infrastructure accessibility. This study provides a conceptual framework for modernizing arts pedagogy through AI-assisted creative exploration.

Histology practicum, as one of the compulsory practicum courses, offers a great opportunity to practice various aspects of science process skills through microscopic tissue observation activities, identification of cell and tissue structures, and analysis of tissue functions in organisms. This study aims to analyze the science process skills biology education students through histology practicum activities. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with a survey method to analyze the science process skills of biology education students through histology practicum activities. Data collection in this study used three main techniques, namely science process skills tests, direct observation, and analysis of practicum report documents. Furthermore, the data were analyzed descriptively quantitatively using descriptive statistics to describe the profile of students' science process skills. Analysis per aspect revealed that students had good skills in the aspects of observing (78.50%), classifying (76.33%), interpreting data (71.67%), applying concepts (73.25%), and communicating results (73.40%), which indicates that histology practicum is effective in developing basic science process skills. However, the aspects of formulating hypotheses (58.17%) and planning experiments (54.83%) were still in the sufficient category, indicating that students experienced difficulties in integrated science process skills that require higher-order thinking skills. The findings this study provide important implications for the development of more comprehensive histology practicum learning strategies, including the integration of inquiry approaches, the use of continuous formative assessment, the application of differentiated learning, and strengthening the connection between theory and practice to optimize the development of all aspects of science process skills of prospective biology teachers.  

This study aims to describe and explain the challenges and obstacles in implementing differentiated learning in Science and Social Studies (IPAS) for fourth-grade students at Galeh 1 Public Elementary School, Tangen District, Sragen Regency, in the  2024/2025 academic year. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method, with the study conducted at Galeh 01 Elementary School in April 2025. The research subjects included the fourth-grade teacher and students, consisting of 8 male and 11 female students. Data collection techniques involved observation, interviews, and documentation, analyzed using the interactive data analysis model by Miles & Huberman. The results of the study show that: a) content differentiation was evident through the teacher's systematic preparation of IPAS teaching modules, provision of learning materials, and the use of PowerPoint and concrete images as media; b) process differentiation was demonstrated through varied assignments in group and individual formats, tailored approaches according to academic levels, and the use of an LCD projector to support learning; c) product differentiation was observed through students being given opportunities to present and the teacher providing summative assessments as a measure of understanding; d) the learning environment element was reflected in the teacher creating a fun and conducive classroom atmosphere. 2) The challenges and obstacles in implementing differentiated learning included: a) the presence of passive students, b) limited facilities and infrastructure, c) the time-consuming process of preparing learning components, and d) student dependency on peers.

In the elementary school curriculum that combines science and social studies learning into a single unit, namely science, differentiated learning is expected to be able to increase student understanding and support the improvement of learning outcomes because it adjusts the learning process according to the needs, interests, and individual potentials of students. This article aims to examine the effectiveness of differentiated learning in social studies learning through a literature review of various studies conducted between 2020 and 2025. This study reveals that the application of differentiated learning can improve the cognitive understanding, activeness, and analytical thinking skills of students in social studies learning.

This research is classroom action research that aims to improve the learning outcomes of Integrated Social Sciences through the application of differentiated learning in grade VII students of UPT SMPN Satap Pulo Bembe No. 29 Selayar Islands. The subject of this study is a student of grade VII UPT SMPN Satap Pulo Bembe No. 29 with a total of 12 students consisting of 7 male students and 5 female students. This research was carried out in two cycles, namely cycle I which was carried out 3 meetings (the first and second meetings for the learning process and the third meeting for Integrated Social Studies learning outcome assessment activities) and cycle II was also carried out 3 meetings. The two cycles were carried out for 2 months plus summarizing all existing research results. The results of the study show that the application of differentiated learning has succeeded in significantly improving student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, 50% of students have not reached the completion score, but in the second cycle, the number of students who did not complete the score decreased drastically to only 8%, while the number of students who achieved the completion score increased to 92%. This shows that differentiated learning is effective in overcoming academic gaps between students and improving their achievement of learning outcomes. In addition to improving learning outcomes, differentiated learning has also been proven to be effective in increasing student activity. In the first cycle, the average student activity only reached 68%, showing that even though some students are already active, there are still many who lack participation. After the implementation of a more optimal differentiated learning strategy in cycle II, student activity increased significantly to 87%. This shows that the differentiated learning approach not only helps students in understanding the material, but also increases their engagement in the learning process. The application of differentiated learning in cycle II resulted in a significant increase in learning outcomes and student activity, which shows the success of this strategy in meeting the diverse learning needs of students.

This study aims to determine the application of natural science which is carried out in a differentiated manner. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, and data analysis techniques using triangulation techniques that confirm data based on observations, interviews, and documentation. Researchers produced findings including the implementation of differentiated learning that had been successfully implemented by natural science teachers. Teachers use content differentiation, process differentiation, and product differentiation. Differentiated learning outcomes have a positive impact both in terms of teachers and students. Through differentiated learning the teacher feels happy because the students are more enthusiastic and involved, this is manifested in the form of products produced by students in very creative learning. However, the challenges received by the teacher at the process differentiation stage, the teacher still finds confusion when differentiating teaching materials that must be given to various students. Differentiated learning in the independent curriculum gives students autonomy to be able to express their learning abilities based on their potential and interests.

Based on the aim of improving student learning outcomes, this classroom action research evaluates the effectiveness of using the Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) approach. The TaRL approach ensures that learning is differentiated to meet the needs of diverse students. This research aims to assess how this integrated approach affects overall learning success.  PTK was carried out in class IV of SDN 01 Kanigoro with a total of 11 students in July 2023 with 2 cycles. Implementation of each cycle is carried out starting from problem diagnosis, design action, event observation, evaluation and reflection. Data collection techniques use observation, tests and documentation. The research results show an increase in student learning outcomes achieving the expected results. The results of research in cycle I showed that the learning outcomes of 7 students (63.63%) achieved learning completeness. In cycle II, there was a more significant increase, where 11 students (90.90%) achieved learning completion. Apart from that, the average result also increased significantly from 64.27 in the pre-cycle stage to 80.2 in cycle I and 88.1 in cycle II. Thus, this research provides evidence that the application of the TaRL approach is effective in improving student learning outcomes in the science and sciences subject material on buying and selling economic activities.  

This research aims to implement differentiated learning processes (Learning Styles) to improve learning outcomes in the IPAS subject on the topic "Bumiku Sayang Bumiku Malang" for fifth-grade students at SDN Dukuh Kupang II Surabaya. This research is a classroom action study that involves three differentiated learning styles: visual, audiovisual, and kinesthetic. The research was conducted at SDN Dukuh Kupang II Surabaya with the subjects being fifth-grade students, totaling 28 participants. This research is divided into two cycles (Cycle I and II), starting with the stages of planning, implementation, observation, evaluation, and reflection. The data collection techniques in this research use observation, interviews, documentation, and tests. The results of this study indicate an improvement in learning outcomes in IPAS on the topic "Bumiku Sayang Bumiku Malang" through differentiated process learning in the fifth grade at SDN Dukuh Kupang II Surabaya. In the initial pre-cycle activities, the percentage of student mastery was 35%, then in Cycle I it increased to 60%, and in Cycle II it rose again to 85%.

This differentiated learning lesson study for the Lubuklinggau City Science Teacher Learning Community was carried out at Lubuklinggau City 5 Public High School on January 10-12, 2024 involving 20 science teachers at Lubuklinggau City 5 Public High School. This activity uses the Plan, Do, See and Redesign cycle. To measure participants' achievement using a pre-test and post-test before the activity. The Plan stage begins with identifying learning problems which include teaching materials, learning strategies, and who will act as a model teacher; The Do (implementation) stage, namely: (a) learning implementation activities carried out by one of the model teachers to put into practice the learning plans that have been prepared together, and (b) observation activities carried out by the teacher, the principal acting as an observer. In the See (reflection) stage, due to efforts to improve the learning process, lecturers and teachers then reflect on what is interesting, what things need to be improved and what things we need to leave behind. The results of the analysis show that differentiated learning lesson study is very useful in increasing scientific literacy. Lesson study has a positive impact on teachers collaborating and sharing good practices in scientific literacy teaching strategies so that they can improve the quality of learning and increase teacher pedagogical competence. Lesson study can develop skills in problem solving.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of differentiated science learning on spring energy material in elementary schools. This qualitative research with a case study design involved one class IV consisting of 28 students (14 males, 14 females) with a distribution of learning styles: 8 visual students (28.57%), 7 auditory students (25%), and 9 kinesthetic students (32.14%). Data collection was carried out through learning observations, in-depth interviews with 6 students representing the three learning styles, and analysis of learning documentation. The results showed that the level of learning implementation reached 90% conformity with the developed teaching module. The achievement of learning outcomes showed consistency, with an average score of 85 for each learning style group. Interviews revealed positive student responses to learning that was fun and made it easier to understand the material. The success of the implementation was supported by thorough teacher preparation and the availability of diverse learning media. However, there were challenges in terms of limited preparation time and the complexity of classroom management. This study proves the effectiveness of differentiated science learning in accommodating the diversity of elementary school students' learning styles.

Differentiated learning videos are learning method videos for educators delivered to students. Pragmatics is the science of language that studies the relationship between language and its context, grammatically or encoded in the structure of language use. In this research, there are expressive speech acts, namely a type of speech act in which the utterance states something or things that the speaker intends to feel, and directive speech acts are speech acts that express the speaker's intentions, which can be realized in the form of pragmatic statements. This article was written using descriptive research, which ultimately attempts to describe the speech spoken by the object, which is in accordance with the actual picture. This research uses a qualitative approach, namely by applying a qualitative descriptive method using data collection techniques, namely listening and note-taking analysis, which then uses collection analysis and matching analysis. This research aims to collect data, explain the data clearly, and analyze the forms of directive and expressive speech acts contained in differentiated videos. Differentiated video is a medium that allows the delivery of messages or information more specifically according to the target audience. Directive speech act analysis involves identifying commands, requests, or instructions given in the video, while expressive speech act analysis focuses on the expression of feelings, opinions, or expressions of emotion in that context. The results of the analysis show variations in the use of directive and expressive speech acts depending on the purpose of communication and audience characteristics. These findings provide insight into how differentiated video is used to achieve diverse communicative goals, including educating, motivating, or influencing audience actions. Based on the results of the analysis of expressive and directive speech acts in differentiated videos, it can be concluded that there were 23 forms of speech acts found. These speech acts consist of 7 expressive speech acts and 16 directive speech acts. The benefits of this research can provide guidance for content creators and communicators in designing and conveying messages effectively in differentiated video contexts by considering various speech acts that are appropriate to the situation and communication objectives.