Publication Search

Communication within the family, especially between parents and children, is an important foundation for the development of a child's personality, emotions, and social skills. The purpose of this writing is to identify the types of parental communication styles, analyze the factors that influence them, examine their impact on child development, and provide practical recommendations to improve the effectiveness of communication patterns within the family. The method used in writing this paper is a literature study. The discussion results show that there are three main types of parental communication styles: permissive, authoritarian, and democratic. The permissive style tends to give the child unlimited freedom, the authoritarian style emphasizes control and obedience, while the democratic style encourages openness and mutual respect. The choice of communication style is influenced by various factors such as educational background, culture, past experiences, and the socio-economic conditions of parents. Each communication style has a different impact on the emotional, social, and cognitive development of children. The democratic style is considered the most effective in optimally supporting child development. This article provides recommendations to parents to increase knowledge about dialogical-based parenting, practice assertive communication skills, give children space to express their opinions, and build a family culture that is open and mutually respectful.

This study examines the role of extension agents in supporting the success of beef cattle farmer groups in Tabongo District, Gorontalo Regency. The success of farmer groups is influenced not only by livestock potential, but also by the effectiveness of extension services, institutional capacity, and farmers’ willingness to adopt improved farming practices. Using an explanatory approach, the study collected primary data from 50 members of beef cattle farmer groups across nine villages through a Likert-scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regression. The descriptive findings show that extension agents performed well as educators, facilitators, motivators, dynamizers, and catalysts. However, the catalyst role was excluded from the regression model because its indicators were invalid. Partially, only the motivator role had a significant effect on group success, with a coefficient of 1.683, t-value of 4.758, and significance value of 0.000. The educator, facilitator, and dynamizer roles showed positive but insignificant effects. Simultaneously, the roles of extension agents significantly influenced group success, with an F-value of 9.474 and significance value of 0.000. The R Square value of 0.457 indicates that extension agents explained 45.7% of group success.

High-quality forage selection is a central factor in improving Bali cattle performance, particularly in smallholder systems that rely heavily on local feed resources. This study evaluated the effects of odot grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) and pakchong grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Thailand) on feed intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio of male Bali cattle. The experiment was conducted for 30 days from February to March 2026 at CV. RnB Farm, Gorontalo Regency. Nine male Bali cattle with relatively homogeneous initial body weights of 150–200 kg was assigned to a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications. The treatments were P0, field grass as the control; P1, 100% odot grass plus concentrate; and P2, 100% pakchong grass plus concentrate. Dry matter intake did not differ significantly among treatments, with values of 6.47 ± 0.19, 6.52 ± 0.19, and 6.55 ± 0.16 kg/head/day for P0, P1, and P2, respectively. In contrast, average daily gain differed significantly, with the highest value observed in P2 at 0.56 ± 0.08 kg/head/day, followed by P1 at 0.52 ± 0.09 kg/head/day and P0 at 0.45 ± 0.06 kg/head/day. Feed conversion ratio also differed significantly, with the most efficient value recorded in P2 at 11.98 ± 2.10. These findings indicate that pakchong grass combined with concentrate provides the best feed efficiency and growth performance, while odot grass remains a promising alternative forage for improving Bali cattle productivity.

This research aims to discuss online marketing strategies and service quality as well as their impact on post-pandemic cosmetic sales at the Abigail Shop, Sintang Regency. This study applies a qualitative-descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation and analysis of various documents. Subjects consist of business owners, employees and customers. The validity of the data was tested through Technical Triangulation. Research findings show that Abigail Store's use of Instagram as a digital marketing tool is effective in increasing market reach and attracting customer interest with various creative content, including photos, videos, promotions and testimonials from customers. Apart from that, the direct message and WhatsApp features function to facilitate communication and transactions between sellers and buyers. This research also confirms that high service quality is directly related to customer satisfaction which then results in the frequency of repeat purchases. The increase in sales of Toko Abigail's cosmetic products after the pandemic can be attributed to an effective combination of digital marketing strategies and consistent, high-quality service standards. This study aims to be a reference for business owners in optimizing marketing methods through digital media, while maintaining service quality amidst the rapid development of information technology.

The fisheries sector plays an important role in Indonesia’s economy due to its abundant marine resources; however, unsustainable fishing activities have caused damage to marine ecosystems and a decline in biodiversity. To support sustainable fisheries management, the use of environmentally friendly fishing gear is essential. At the Tenau Coastal Fishing Port (PPP Tenau) in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, handline fishing is the most commonly used traditional fishing method among small-scale fishers because it is selective and causes minimal habitat disturbance. This study aims to analyze the environmental friendliness level of handline fishing gear based on the nine criteria of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) established by FAO in 1995, which include gear selectivity, habitat impact, fisher safety, catch quality, product safety, by- catch, biodiversity impact, capture of protected species, and social acceptance. The research was conducted from November 2025 to January 2026 using a descriptive quantitative method involving 30 handline fishermen selected from a population of 420 using the Slovin formula with a 20% error rate. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using a weighting system based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (2006). The results are expected to show that handline fishing is categorized as environmentally friendly to highly environmentally friendly and can serve as a basis for developing sustainable fisheries management policies in East Nusa Tenggara.

This study aims to analyze the values ​​of Civic Education (PKn) in learning at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (Islamic elementary schools) through a literature study approach. This study uses a qualitative method with a library research type, utilizing various written sources such as scientific journals, reference books, and academic articles as primary data. Data collection techniques are carried out through documentation studies by reviewing various relevant literature, while data analysis techniques use content analysis to identify, categorize, and interpret the values ​​contained in Civic Education learning. The results of the study indicate that Civic Education learning plays a strategic role in instilling character values ​​in students, such as responsibility, tolerance, cooperation, and love of the homeland. These values ​​are not only conveyed theoretically, but also internalized through a contextual and values-based learning process. This approach has proven effective in increasing students' understanding and awareness of the importance of civic values ​​in everyday life. However, the implementation of Civic Education learning still faces several obstacles, such as a lack of variety in learning methods and limited supporting resources. Therefore, more interactive and creative learning strategy innovations are needed to improve the quality of Civics learning in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.

The Brokohan Sapi tradition in Tempursari Village, Donomulyo District, Malang Regency represents a form of local wisdom that embodies cultural and symbolic values through the use of ubo rampe. This study aims to describe the forms, meanings, and cultural values of ubo rampe in the Brokohan Sapi tradition. The study employs a qualitative method with a symbolic anthropological approach as proposed by Clifford Geertz. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and were analyzed using an interactive analysis technique involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that ubo rampe is systematically arranged in the form of food offerings, including core dishes, complementary dishes, and spiritual elements. Each component of ubo rampe carries symbolic meanings related to gratitude, safety, fertility, and hopes for prosperity. The cultural values embedded in the tradition include religious, social, ecological, economic, and philosophical values that are integrated into ritual practices. The implications of this study indicate that the Brokohan Sapi tradition functions as a medium for cultural preservation and can be utilized as a local wisdom-based learning resource in Indonesian language and literature education.

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a horticultural plant widely used as a fresh vegetable and herbal ingredient. Efforts to increase basil growth and production can be achieved through environmentally friendly organic fertilization, one of which is the use of cow manure and eco- enzymes. The purpose of this study was to determine the response due to the provision of eco enzyme and cow manure on the growth and production of basil plants. This research method used a factorial randomized block design (RAK) with two factors. The first factor was the provision of cow manure with 4 levels, namely S0 = no treatment, S1 = 200g, S2 = 300g, S3 = 400g. The second factor was the provision of EE with 4 levels, namely E0 = no treatment, E1 = 10ml, E2 = 20ml, E3 = 30ml. The observation parameters of this study were plant height, stem diameter, number of primary branches, fresh weight, root length, flowering age. The results of this study are expected to provide recommendations for effective organic fertilization to increase basil plant productivity sustainably.

Bali cattle have significant potential advantages and are sought after by breeders and farmers due to their adaptability to the environment and high productivity. The management of Bali cattle in Mawasangka District, through a local government program, is expected to foster awareness of efficient and optimal livestock farming. This study aims to analyze the input and output of the Bali cattle assistance program from the village government in Mawasangka District, Central Buton Regency. The method used in this study uses observation, interview, documentation and analyzed using descriptive analysis. The number of respondents used was 40 people. The research respondents were taken from two villages, namely Matara and Wasilomata villages. The results of this study indicate that the impact of village regulations on the management of Bali cattle assistance in Mawasangka District, Central Buton Regency : (1) The input process of the Bali cattle assistance program has been in accordance with the previously determined plan, namely 40 Bali cattle breeders and males. (2) Output (results) there was an increase in the number of livestock owned, an increase in the maintenance system and the number of pens owned increased.

The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of livestock farmers and analyze livestock farmers' preferences for the breed of beef cattle raised in Benus Village, Naibenu District, TTU Regency. This study employed a survey method. The research location determination technique used a purposive technique (intentionally) with Benus Village as the village with the highest beef cattle population in Benus District, North Central Timor Regency. The sample of livestock farmers consisted of 60 farmers. The research data consisted of primary and secondary data. Data analysis was descriptive quantitative. The results of the study showed that the majority of livestock farmers were 18-64 years old (83%), male farmers (56.67%), the highest level of education was elementary school (55%), all farmers had their own livestock ownership status (100%), the dominant livestock ownership was 1-4 heads, with the majority of farmers also working as farmers (57%), 90% of farmers had livestock farming experience of more than 1-10 years, the largest number of family dependents was 4-6 people (61.67). The type of beef cattle raised is Bali cattle (100%), breeders prefer female cattle (68%), the age of adult female cattle is 2-4 years (40%), the dominant coat color is brick red and white (76.67%), and the body weight is medium (61.67%). The conclusion of this study is that there is a need for improvements in the characteristics of breeders in the form of training and breeder preferences can be used as a guideline in increasing the number of beef cattle populations.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in the economy and community independence. However, the great potential of home-based businesses is often hindered by administrative issues related to business legality. This research focuses on UMKM Krecek Kulit Sapi Ashif in Jatirejo Village, which has been operating since 2018 but lacks a Business Identification Number (NIB), Household Industry Food (PIRT) permit, and halal certification due to perceived complex procedures. The main objective of this activity is to strengthen business management through product standardization and obtaining legal certifications to enhance the competitiveness of this MSME. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach with a community service method based on mentoring, including observation, in-depth interviews, and hands-on practice in managing documents through the Online Single Submission system. The results show that through phased mentoring, UMKM Krecek Kulit Sapi Ashif successfully obtained an NIB and increased the owner’s awareness of PIRT food safety standards and halal certification procedures. The impact of this activity includes meeting administrative legality and improving knowledge, confidence, and professionalism in business management. Intensive mentoring proved crucial in transforming informal businesses into formal, legally protected entities.

This study is based on the need to develop a more effective concentrate ration for lactating dairy cows, as existing formulations in the field are greatly influenced by the availability of ingredients and varying quality. Therefore, this study focuses on optimizing concentrate in dairy cow feed rations to meet SNI standards, which include crude protein (CP), Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN), Calcium (Ca), and Phosphorus (P), with more efficient results in terms of price and nutrition. This study uses the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) metaheuristic approach, which balances the exploration and exploitation processes in finding the best solution to optimization problems. This algorithm has fewer parameters than other metaheuristics such as GA, PSO, and DE. WOA runs naturally in continuous space without the need for genetic operators such as crossover and mutation. The dataset used contains types of dairy cow feed ingredients along with nutritional requirements and prices so that researchers can process the data into efficient feed concentrate that is suitable for lactating dairy cows.

Japanese kale (Brassica oleracea) is a leafy vegetable with high nutritional and economic value and strong potential for development through intensive cultivation systems, including polybag-based cultivation. Fertilization is an important factor determining plant growth success. This study aimed to analyze differences in the effects of cattle-manure compost fertilizer and NPK Mutiara fertilizer on the vegetative growth of Japanese kale, as well as to evaluate their roles in maintaining growing media fertility. The research employed a quantitative experimental approach using a single-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD), namely fertilizer type. Treatments consisted of cattle-manure compost fertilizer and NPK Mutiara fertilizer, each with twelve replications, resulting in twenty-four experimental units. Observed parameters included plant height, leaf width, and growing media pH. The results showed that NPK Mutiara fertilizer produced better plant height and leaf width than compost fertilizer, particularly during the vegetative phase. This advantage was associated with the rapid availability of macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for plant uptake. Meanwhile, cattle-manure compost fertilizer contributed to stabilizing growing media pH and improving soil physical and biological conditions. pH values in both treatments remained within the optimal range and did not limit plant growth. Therefore, NPK Mutiara fertilizer is more effective for short-term vegetative growth enhancement, whereas compost fertilizer supports sustainable growing media fertility.

Financial literacy is a fundamental skill that should be introduced from an early age to shape wise financial behavior. Elementary school students need to understand basic financial concepts to recognize the value of money, distinguish between needs and wants, and develop saving habits. However, many children still lack adequate financial literacy. This activity aims to improve financial literacy among elementary school students through a saving habituation strategy at SD Negeri 040530 Bunuraya, Bunuraya Village, Tigapanah District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The methods used included observation, teacher interviews, financial literacy socialization, and hands-on assistance in saving activities. The strategies implemented involved simple financial education, pocket money management simulations, creating piggy banks, and conducting regular saving programs at school. The results showed an improvement in students’ understanding of money functions, the importance of saving, and positive changes in financial behavior. Students became more accustomed to setting aside their pocket money and demonstrated more frugal and responsible attitudes. This activity indicates that consistent and structured saving habituation can be an effective strategy for improving children’s financial literacy from an early age.

Trademarks not only serve as product identities but also represent the reputation and trust built by a company over the long term. In increasingly fierce global competition, legal protection for brands, especially well-known brands, is crucial. This study examines the legal implications of alleged trademark infringement by the Louis Vuitton Dak restaurant in Korea, which resembles the luxury brand Louis Vuitton. The purpose of the study is to analyze the application of Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications and to assess the effectiveness of law enforcement against such violations. The method used is normative juridical with a statutory and conceptual approach. The analysis focuses on similarities in principle, the element of bad faith in trademark registration, and violations of exclusive rights to well-known brands. The results of the study indicate that although regulations have provided protection, law enforcement in practice still faces various obstacles and has not fully created a deterrent effect.

Communication in digital media, especially YouTube, now plays an important role as a means of delivering educational material to the wider community. Nevertheless, studies on the phenomenon of communication on this platform, especially from the perspective of locutionary acts, are still limited. Philosophy-themed content, which is often considered abstract and complex, requires linguistic analysis to understand effective communication patterns. This study aims to identify and describe various forms of locutionary acts that appear in the “Belajar Filsafat” (Learning Philosophy) playlist on the YouTube channel Satu Persen – Indonesian Life School. This study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method based on pragmatic theory. Data were collected through observation and note-taking techniques in four videos from the playlist, then analyzed using matching techniques and presented informally. The results of the study show that there are 151 locutionary acts, including 76 declarative acts, 46 interrogative acts, and 29 imperative acts. Theoretically, this study contributes to the development of linguistic studies, particularly in the field of pragmatics that discusses speech acts, while practically, this study can be a reference for students and novice researchers in understanding speech act research methods and the importance of applying effective communication in the realm of digital education.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the SOSEK MALINDO (Malaysian-Indonesian Socio-Economic) regional collaboration program in addressing human trafficking, coordinated by the Regional Border Management Agency (BPPD) of the Riau Islands Province (Kepri). The Riau Islands Province, which borders Malaysia and Singapore, is a strategic entry point vulnerable to transnational crimes, including human trafficking. The main factors driving the people of Kepri to choose illegal routes to become Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) to Malaysia are economic pressure, limited job opportunities, attractive promises from brokers (tekong), complex and expensive official bureaucracy, and a lack of accurate information about official procedures. This situation is exploited by human trafficking networks through hidden routes, illegal ports, and methods of illegal labor and sexual exploitation. Although SOSEK MALINDO aims to improve the socio-economic welfare of communities in border areas and indirectly functions to reduce vulnerability to human trafficking, this program does not specifically make human trafficking its main focus. The BPPD plays a very important role as a liaison in cooperation with the Indonesian National Police, Immigration, and BP3MI for prevention and supervision. However, the BPPD faces challenges such as limited funding, overlapping authority between institutions, and a lack of accurate data on human trafficking. Strategic recommendations include making human trafficking a primary focus of the SOSEK MALINDO forum agenda, establishing a dedicated cross-border human trafficking task force, strengthening the BPPD's role in coordination and information gathering, and involving local communities, NGOs, and international organizations in mitigation efforts.

This study aims to analyze the inventory management practices of qurban cattle at Purnomo Sapi Mulyo Farm in Boyolali, Central Java, particularly in facing the surge in demand prior to Eid al-Adha. The research is motivated by the unique characteristics of qurban cattle inventory, which involves living assets, seasonal demand, and biological risks that differ significantly from conventional inventory management. A qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design was employed to capture in-depth information regarding inventory planning, procurement, storage, and sales practices. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the business owner as the key informant, direct observation of operational activities, and documentation review. The findings reveal that inventory management at the farm is conducted in a responsive manner based on consumer orders, enabling the business to minimize overstock risks and operational costs. However, inventory recording remains manual and unstructured, potentially limiting the accuracy of cost calculation and long-term planning. Price fluctuations and supply availability are strongly influenced by the Eid al-Adha momentum, while cattle health and lead time are critical factors affecting inventory effectiveness. From a theoretical perspective, the study extends inventory management concepts to the context of live and seasonal inventory. Practically, the findings suggest that implementing a simple yet structured inventory recording system could enhance operational efficiency and decision-making accuracy in local qurban cattle farms.

Hospitalization often triggers anxiety in children because of unfamiliar environments, invasive procedures, and disruption of daily routines. Pediatric nurses are expected to implement atraumatic care through developmentally appropriate, non‑pharmacological interventions. This community service program aimed to strengthen nurses’ and families’ skills in delivering puzzle‑based play therapy and to evaluate short‑term changes in children’s anxiety responses in the pediatric ward of Awal Bros Hospital, Batam. The program was conducted in December 2025 using an action-based approach: coordination with the ward team, preparation of graded puzzle sets and education media, bedside education for parents, and supervised play sessions. Four hospitalized children with different diagnoses (chemotherapy, childhood‑onset lupus erythematosus, febrile illness, and stoma care) participated. Anxiety was assessed before and after the session using an observation sheet and a faces anxiety scale adapted for clinical use. After a 20–30 minute session adjusted to the child’s developmental stage, all participants demonstrated lower anxiety scores and better cooperative behaviors. Caregivers also reported increased understanding of play therapy as part of holistic nursing care. Puzzle play therapy is feasible, low‑cost, and can be integrated into routine pediatric nursing to support coping during hospitalization.

This study aims to analyze in-depth the process of handling special livestock cargo agency for cattle on the MV Gloucester Express ship, as well as to identify the efforts and coordination carried out with relevant agencies to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of services while the ship is in the unloading port. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data was collected through field research with participatory observation techniques during the fieldwork period at PT. Bahari Eka Nusantara, supported by library research to strengthen the theoretical foundation regarding ship agency management and special cargo regulations. The research findings show that the process of handling special livestock cargo agency at PT. Bahari Eka Nusantara is well-structured, involving the preparation of detailed supporting documents, starting from the ship's arrival report to its departure. The efficiency of the service heavily relies on tight coordination with port authorities (KSOP and Animal Quarantine) and compliance with applicable technical policies. However, technical obstacles were found, such as the unpreparedness of cargo documents from the shipper and coordination issues during docking. Improvement efforts are being made through enhanced digital communication and accelerated document validation before the ship's arrival to minimize waiting time at the port.