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Tax avoidance can be detrimental to the country because it reduces the state's revenue. This study aims to analyze the effect of sales growth, capital intensity, and earnings management on tax avoidance with company size as a moderating variable. The population of this study comprises 221 manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2020-2024, with a sample of 64 companies selected via purposive sampling based on specific criteria, yielding a total of 320 observations analyzed using panel data regression (E-Views 12). The results show that sales growth directly affects tax avoidance, and company size moderates the relationship between sales growth and tax avoidance. However, capital intensity and earnings management do not have a significant effect, and company size cannot moderate the relationship between capital intensity and earnings management with tax avoidance. These findings emphasize that high sales growth can encourage companies to comply with tax regulations, thereby reducing tax avoidance, and that this effect can be suppressed by large company size due to greater reputational pressure and scrutiny. This study expands on previous research by making company size a moderating variable in the relationship between sales growth, capital intensity, and earnings management and tax avoidance.

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, sales growth, and liquidity on debt policy in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2024 period. The independent variables in this study include profitability, measured by Return on Assets (ROA); sales growth (SG); and liquidity, measured by the Current Ratio (CR). Meanwhile, the dependent variable is debt policy, measured by the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER). This study uses a quantitative approach, employing multiple linear regression analysis. The sample comprises 174 observational data points collected using purposive sampling. Testing was conducted using SPSS software, which includes the classical assumption test, the coefficient of determination test, the simultaneous test (F test), and the partial test (t test). The results show that profitability, sales growth, and liquidity simultaneously significantly affect debt policy. Partially, profitability tends to be positive, sales growth tends to be negative but not significant with respect to debt policy, while liquidity has a simultaneous negative effect. Of the four hypotheses proposed, two were accepted, and two were rejected because the direction of the influence did not match the initial assumption, and the significance value was more than 0.05.

This study aims to analyze the effect of utilizing online sales application technology on the economic growth of local product-based Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. The rapid advancement of digital technology has encouraged MSMEs to integrate online sales applications into their business processes to enhance competitiveness and business sustainability. This research employs a quantitative explanatory approach using survey data collected from MSME actors who actively utilize online sales application technology. The independent variable in this study is the utilization of online sales application technology, while the dependent variable is MSME economic growth, measured through sales growth, income growth, and market expansion. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, including t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination (R²). The results indicate that the utilization of online sales application technology has a positive and significant effect on MSME economic growth. These findings emphasize the strategic role of digital technology adoption in strengthening MSME performance and supporting inclusive economic growth in Indonesia. The study provides important implications for policymakers and stakeholders in promoting digital transformation among MSMEs.

Digital transformation has become a major driver in enhancing the competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the era of global competition. However, scientific evidence regarding the pathway of digital transformation and its impact on market performance remains separately distributed and has not been systematically synthesized. This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on PRISMA 2020 on international publications within the 2013–2024 range. The results of the analysis indicate that the digital transformation pathway encompasses digital capability, digital orientation, digital integration, digital strategy alignment, and the utilization of operational technology. Each pathway contributes differently to market outcomes such as sales growth, customer retention, market expansion, and competitive advantage. The study also found the presence of moderating and mediating roles through innovation capability, dynamic capability, organizational culture, and competition intensity. This research produces an integrated conceptual model and recommendations for a further research agenda to deepen strategic management theory in the context of MSMEs.

This study employs the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method following the PRISMA 2020 Statement guidelines to identify the main models and indicators used in measuring the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The literature selection process includes the stages of identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion, resulting in ten articles from reputable Q1 international journals. The analysis reveals that the most frequently used performance measurement models are integrated performance models such as the Balanced Scorecard, Performance Prism, and models based on resource capability, customer, internal process, and financial perspectives. Commonly used indicators include sales growth, profitability, market share, customer satisfaction, process flexibility, technology adoption, and business sustainability. The study concludes that although financial measures remain dominant, non-financial dimensions—such as digital capability, stakeholder engagement, and internal process effectiveness—are increasingly important for MSMEs operating in the context of global market dynamics and digital transformation. The implications of this study provide theoretical contributions to the development of MSME performance measurement frameworks and offer practical guidance for MSME managers in selecting indicators that align with the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises.

This study aims to examine the effect of sales growth, profitability, capital structure, and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on firm value in companies listed in the LQ45 index during the 2022–2024 period. This research also intends to provide insights for investors in evaluating the factors that influence firm value as a basis for investment decision-making, including sales growth, profitability, capital structure, CSR, and firm value. The population of this study consists of 45 LQ45 companies, with a sample of 32 companies selected using purposive sampling based on specific criteria, resulting in 96 total observations. The research results show that sales growth and CSR do not affect firm value. Meanwhile, profitability and capital structure hurt firm value. This study concludes that sales growth has not yet become a strong fundamental signal for investors, as it does not always reflect sustainable performance. High profitability, in fact, has a negative effect on firm value, which may be due to a mismatch between short-term profits and the long-term prospects expected by investors. A high capital structure signals greater financial risk, thereby reducing investor confidence in the company. Meanwhile, CSR has not had a significant impact on firm value, possibly due to low disclosure quality or a lack of investor attention to sustainability issues.

This study aims to test and analyze the use of the Beneish M-Score model to detect financial statement fraud. The data used are secondary data in the form of financial reports of the banking sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021. The research method used is a quantitative method with discriminant analysis. The discriminant analysis method is used to analyze the relationship between the Beneish M-Score model and financial statement fraud by looking at which factors or variables can significantly affect the dependent variable. The application of discriminant analysis is carried out to test which independent variables can accurately distinguish samples of financial reports that are suspected of being manipulated and financial reports that are suspected of not being manipulated. The results of the study indicate that the variables that are able to distinguish between samples of financial reports that are suspected of being manipulated and those that are not manipulated are the variables Days Sales Receivable Index (DSRI), Gross Margin Index (GMI), and Total Accrual to Total Asset (TATA), Asset Quality Index (AQI), while the variables Sales and General Administration Expenses Index (SGAI), Leverage Index (LVGI), Sales Growth Index (SGI), Depreciation Index (DEPI) are proven to be unable to distinguish between financial reports that are suspected of being manipulated and those that are not manipulated.

The purpose of this research was to identify the influence of profitability, debt to equity and sales growth on financial distress in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The dependent variable tested is financial distress which is calculated using the Altman Z-score. Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) face a number of economic and financial challenges that require careful risk management strategies. One of the main challenges that can threaten business continuity is the risk of financial difficulties. The research applies a purposive sampling method. The research sample consisted of 70 data or the equivalent of 14 companies listed on the IDX in the mining sector for the 2018-2022 period. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 20 application tools. The results of statistical test research show that profitability has a significant effect on financial distress because the significance value is <0.05, while debt to equity and sales growth have a positive and no effect. significant for financial distress because the significance value is >0.05. The results of the F statistical test show that profitability, debt to equity and sales growth have a significant and equal effect on financial distress because the significance value shows <0.05.

Shares are a very important instrument as a manifestation of company performance. One factor that is considered important in influencing share prices is carrying out financial ratio analysis. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of macroeconomic factors as moderators in the relationship between financial ratios and share prices of companies in the infrastructure sector listed on the IDX for the period 2020 - 2023. This research uses quantitative methods. The sample used in this research includes 21 infrastructure sector companies over a 4 year period, there are 84 observations and the analysis method in this research is panel data regression with STATA software version 14. The results of this research are that price to earnings and earnings per share have a partial effect. significant effect on stock prices, while sales growth, sales growth on stock prices with economic growth as a moderator, price to earnings on stock prices with economic growth as a moderator, earnings per share on stock prices with economic growth as a moderator do not have a significant effect on stock prices. And simultaneously, sales growth, price to earnings and earnings per share on stock prices with economic growth as a moderator have a significant effect.

Babycom, a company specializing in the sale of imported baby sandals, faces challenges in managing its inventory due to rapid sales growth, particularly through the Tiktok Shop platform. Manual inventory management is prone to data inaccuracies, monitoring difficulties, and inefficient resource utilization. To address these issues, this research proposes the development of a web-based inventory management application using the waterfall development method. This approach is chosen for its ability to provide structured guidance from needs analysis to maintenance, tailored to the complexity of Babycom's requirements. It is anticipated that this design will offer an effective solution to inventory management issues, resulting in improved operational efficiency, data accuracy, and ease of information access for the company.

Pentingnya menganalisis financial distress pada perusahaan adalah dapat mempertimbangkan suatu permasalahn pada keuangan yang timbul pada perusahaan yang akan berdampak secara langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap operasional perusahaan, oleh sebab itu pemimpin perusahaan harus mengantisipasi kondisi tersebut. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi financial distress (studi kasus pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia tahun 2020-2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel likuiditas berpengaruh posisitif signifikan terhadap financial distress. Variabel leverage berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap financial distress. Variabel profitabilitas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap financial distress. Variabel operating capacity berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap financial distress. Variabel sales growth tidak berpengaruh terhadap financial distress. Variabel ukuran perusahaan tidak bepengaruh terhadap financial distress.

Companies must struggle to survive and be the best, this encourages companies to use various strategies and innovations to prevent bankruptcy in the laws of law there are gaps that can be utilized by taxpayers to reduce the tax burden that must be paid. One of them is tax avoidance. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect and explain profitability, leverage on tax avoidance with sales growth as moderation variables in consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2020-2021. Types of research approaches are quantitative, with a population of 4 companies and 32 data samples The quarterly financial uses using purposive sampling for sample determination. Data analysis techniques conducted with descriptive statistical analysis, testing of panel data regression estimation models, classical assumption tests, multiple linear analysis, t-test, and moderation regression analysis. The results of this study were obtained that the partial profitability variable had a significant effect on tax avoidance and partially leverage had no significant effect on tax avoidance. The results of moderation regression analysis obtained by the results of sales growth instead of the moderation variable between profitability and leverage of tax avoidance.

This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity (CR) and profitability (ROA)  on debt policy (DER) in food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research was conducted in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a population of 84 in 2019-2022. The sampling method in this study used a purposive sampling technique so that a sample of 31 companies was obtained. This research is an associative quantitative research. The population in this study is the entire financial statements of the food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 – 2022. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be seen that the variables of profitability and liquidity partially have a negative and significant effect on debt policy. Simultaneously the variables of profitability and liquidity and sales growth have a positive and significant effect on debt policy

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of ownership structure, dividend policy, and sales growth on financial performance, as well as the simultaneous effect of ownership structure, dividend policy, and sales growth on financial performance. The data used in this study consists of secondary data derived from annual financial reports which can be accessed via the official website www.idx.co.id. The population used in this study are pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018-2021 period. The sample used in this study uses a saturated sampling method. The analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression, using SPSS 22 software. The results of this study indicate that dividend policy has an effect on financial performance while ownership structure and sales growth have no effect on financial performance

Price Book Value adalah rasio yang digunakan untuk menilai apakah harga saham dari suatu perusahaan termasuk murah atau mahal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh Size, Return On Asset, Leverage dan Sales growth terhadap Price Book Value Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Yang Terdaftar Di BEI baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 34 perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia, sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Dan teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini data diolah menggunakan program software SPSS. Adapun hasil dar hasil uji hipotesis pada penelitian ini untuk membuktikan bahwa secara parsial Size, Leverage, dan Sales Growth tidak berpengaruh dan  tidak signifikan terhadap price book value, dan untuk hasil uji - F membuktikan Size, Return on asset, Leverage dan Sales growth secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap price book value.

Financial distress is a condition whene the company are in a state financial difficultes. Every company must have an early an early warning system to detect the potential for financial distress in order to avoid bankruptcky. The Purpose of this is to analyze and provide empirical evidence regarding the effect profitability (ROA), as a moderating between liquidity (CR), leverage (DAR), sales gowth (SG), in predicting financial distress (Altman Z-Score). The population in this purpose were retail companies on the IDX for the 2016-2020 period, with a sample of 19 companies studied for 5 years so that 95 samples were obtained, using the purposive sampling method. The data used is secondary data in the form of information from the company’s financial statements. The data analysis technique used logistic regression and moderating regretion analysis (MRA). The rsults prove that the variables of liquidity, sales growth and profitability are able to predict financial distress, while leverage cannot predict financial distress, the profitability variable strengthens the influence of liquidity and sales growth in predicting financial distress but weakens leverage in predicting financial distress. The advince given is expected thet the company can increase the effectiveness and efficiency in managing assets and can increase sales so that the profit received by the company increases so that the company can avoid financial distress.

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, asset structure, liquidity and sales growth on the capital structure of food and beverage subsector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (1DX). The research time period used was 6 years, 2016-2021. The population of this study includes manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2016-2021 period. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Based on the predetermined criteria, 10 companies were obtained from manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sub-sector. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The analysis method used is panel data regression analysis using Eviews software version 12.0. The panel data regression model used is the Random Effect Model. In this study, the dependent variable is capital structure (Y) and the independent variable is profitability (X1), asset structure (X2), liquidity (X3), sales growth (X4) and leverage (X5). The results of his research indicate that the independent variables (profitability, asset structure, liquidity, sales growth and operating leverage) have a simultaneous effect on the dependent variable on capital structure. Partially the asset structure and leverage has a positive effect, while profitability, liquidity and sales growth have no effect on the capital structure.    

  This research aims to investigate the role of growth opportunities in affecting the relationship of debt policy with firm value. I predict growth opportunities as variables that moderate the relationship of debt policy with the firm value. Sample using sub-sector Various Industries  2016-2019 period, Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI), Using purposive sampling techniques got 171 samples separated in 93 samples of corporate growth and 78 corporate, not growth. The findings of this study 1) Sales growth is suitable as a proxy for growth opportunities. 2) opportunity growth strengthens the relationship between debt policy and firm value. 3) Corporate that does not grow, debt policies can weaken the firm's value 

Taxes becomes very important because taxes provide a large contribution to state revenues. This study aims to analyze the influence of profitability, leverage, firm size, sales growth dan audit quality to tax avoidance.  The sample of this study were Indonesia Stock Exchange registered manufacture companies in 2017 until 2019 thus 213 data were used in this study. descriptive statistical test and multiple regression tests with the SPSS 26 were used to analyze the data. This study showed that the independent variabel profitability has a significant positive effect on tax avoidance, leverage has a significant negative on tax avoidance. On the other hand, firm size, sales growth and audit quality does not affect the tax avoidance variable