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The frequent breakage of saw blades and the use of blades that are not suitable for beginner saw operators present a significant problem in metal sawing activities. This study aims to produce a double-sided sharp steel saw blade with dimensions of 310×30×0.8 mm. The production process consists of several stages, namely designing the double-sided sharp saw blade, cutting high-carbon steel material to size, drilling 4 mm diameter holes at both ends with a 310 mm distance between holes, forming sharp edges on both sides of the blade, hardening only the two cutting edges, followed by labeling, packaging, and quality and dimensional standard inspection. The production output is a double-sided sharp steel saw blade measuring 310×30×0.8 mm made from medium carbon steel. The manufacturing cost is Rp. 3,500 per unit with a processing time of 3 minutes per unit. These results indicate that the saw blade can be mounted on a general saw handle and has improved resistance to breakage, making it more suitable for beginner users whose sawing motion is not consistently aligned on a single flat plane.

The contemporary moral crisis, marked by the prevalence of hoaxes, corruption, intolerance, and hedonism, demands a strategic response from the Islamic tradition. This research aims to actualize Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) moral exemplariness as a strategy for strengthening Muslim character. Using a qualitative literature review method with a thematic-integrative approach, this study analyzes primary sources (the Quran, authentic hadiths, classical Islamic texts) and secondary sources (national and international academic journals). The findings identify five dimensions of Prophetic exemplariness (siddiq, amanah, rahmah, zuhud, hikmah) that directly correspond to 24 character strengths in Peterson and Seligman's Values in Action (VIA) framework. This research formulates four actualization strategies: internalization through contemporary Sufism, behavioral modeling (uswah fi'liyah), moral community reinforcement (al-biah al-shalihah), and Islamic digital literacy. The primary contribution of this research is an integrative model linking Prophetic moral values with modern character psychology, supplemented by an integration table mapping moral crises, Prophetic values, and character-strengthening strategies. This model is intended to serve as an operational framework for Islamic educational institutions, families, and Muslim communities in addressing moral crises systematically and evidence-based.

Teacher performance evaluation is a crucial factor in improving educational quality, but many schools still conduct it manually and subjectively, resulting in less transparent, time‑consuming, and error‑prone outcomes. This study aims to design and develop a web‑based decision support system using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method for selecting the best teacher at MTs Mambaul Ulum. The system was developed using the Waterfall model with the Laravel 12 framework and MySQL database, incorporating two evaluator roles: the principal (assessing 5 criteria: teaching hours, responsibility, mastery of material, personality, and attendance) and the vice principal (assessing 4 criteria excluding personality). Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document review. System testing employed Black Box Testing and accuracy validation by comparing system outputs with manual Excel calculations. The results show that the SAW method effectively ranks teachers objectively, with Kusyanti achieving the highest score of 0.9450. The system attained 100% accuracy, as no difference was found between manual and system calculations. Moreover, the system reduced evaluation time from days to seconds and provides well‑documented results, thus supporting more transparent and accountable decision‑making. Therefore, this system proves to be reliable, objective, and efficient in assisting school administrators in evaluating teacher performance in a structured and fair manner.

This study aims to identify the pragmatic failures of Large Language Models (LLMs) and the biases of Anglophone-based AI moderation algorithms in detecting Indonesian hate speech expressed through sarcasm, satire, euphemism, and local cultural metaphors. It also examines the extent to which AI systems understand and interpret the pragmatic meanings within the corpus. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach with a comparative design. Data were collected through the documentation of hate speech expressions on social media containing elements of local cultural hatred. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods with pragmatic and thematic approaches. The findings show that all corpus data contain political satire and indirect hate expressed through irony, sarcasm, absurd metaphors, and popular culture wordplay. Testing with Claude AI showed that the system was capable of identifying the data as implicit criticism and recognizing the pragmatic functions of emoticons and contextual meanings in the utterances. However, the analysis also demonstrated limitations in understanding local sociocultural contexts, particularly the metaphors “daun nangka” and “daun sawit,” which were interpreted merely as absurd humor. These findings indicate that AI detection accuracy does not necessarily reflect a deep pragmatic and cultural understanding within the Indonesian context.

Indonesia merupakan produsen padi terbesar di kawasan ASEAN dengan produksi mencapai 60,3 juta ton pada tahun 2025. Meskipun demikian, tingginya produksi tersebut belum mampu meningkatkan ekspor beras secara signifikan dan Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pangan secara berkelanjutan. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan output pertanian belum tentu mencerminkan efektivitas penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi yang mendukungnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh luas lahan sawah, jumlah petani, dan penyaluran pupuk bersubsidi terhadap produksi padi di Indonesia menggunakan pendekatan fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan data cross section pada 10 provinsi penghasil padi terbesar di Indonesia tahun 2025. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan regresi linier berganda setelah model memenuhi pengujian asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas lahan sawah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produksi padi dengan elastisitas sebesar 1,038743. Sebaliknya, jumlah petani berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan, sedangkan penyaluran pupuk bersubsidi berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan produksi padi lebih dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan dan pemanfaatan lahan yang produktif dibandingkan penambahan tenaga kerja maupun subsidi input pertanian. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan produksi padi memerlukan kebijakan yang berfokus pada efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya, perlindungan lahan pertanian produktif, serta penerapan teknologi pertanian yang mampu meningkatkan produktivitas secara berkelanjutan.

The Padang State University Community Service Program (KKN) in Jorong Koto Tingga, Nagari Sirukam, Payung Sekaki District, Solok Regency, West Sumatra, implemented a public space revitalization program through the construction of a creative garden based on rice field views. This program was created in response to the lack of representative public spaces and the decline in social interaction between residents due to modernization. Using a participatory approach, the community and youth of the jorong were involved in every stage, from planning, land clearing, to the construction of seating facilities overlooking the expanse of rice fields. As a result, the empty land was successfully transformed into a functional, aesthetic, and locally valuable public space. The high level of community participation demonstrated the success of the approach implemented and fostered a sense of ownership of the park being built. This program is expected to become a model for revitalizing public spaces based on local potential for other rural areas. Although the construction was not fully completed when the KKN program ended, the community and youth of Jorong Koto Tingga are committed to continuing it independently. This program is expected to become a model for revitalizing public spaces based on local potential for other rural areas with similar characteristics.

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi petani di Desa Sawit, Kabupaten Magelang, seperti meningkatnya biaya produksi, kesulitan pengendalian hama, dan degradasi lingkungan akibat penggunaan bahan kimia sintetis yang berlebihan. Program ini memperkenalkan Biosaka, sebuah teknologi pertanian inovatif yang memanfaatkan rumput dan dedaunan lokal untuk menghasilkan larutan elisitor yang mampu meningkatkan ketahanan dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Melalui pelatihan partisipatif dan praktik langsung, para petani diajarkan prinsip, proses pembuatan, dan metode aplikasi Biosaka. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman dan keterampilan petani, dengan 85% peserta berhasil memproduksi dan mengaplikasikan Biosaka secara mandiri. Inisiatif ini berkontribusi dalam mengurangi ketergantungan pada input sintetis, menurunkan biaya produksi, mendorong keberlanjutan lingkungan, serta menumbuhkan kesadaran akan pentingnya menjaga kelestarian alam di kalangan petani.

Pemanfaatan sisa-sisa hasil pertanian di Desa Jabung yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan perbaikan tanah masih belum optimal, meskipun ketersediaannya cukup melimpah baik di lahan sawah maupun lahan kering. Hingga saat ini, masyarakat masih memiliki keterbatasan informasi mengenai pemanfaatan biochar sebagai bahan pembenah tanah yang ramah lingkungan dan berpotensi menggantikan penggunaan bahan kimia pertanian. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat Desa Jabung mengenai manfaat biochar dalam meningkatkan kualitas tanah dan mendukung produktivitas pertanian. Metode yang digunakan meliputi penyampaian materi, diskusi interaktif, serta observasi lapangan. Pemilihan metode tersebut didasarkan pada pendekatan pembelajaran partisipatif dan kontekstual sehingga peserta dapat memahami materi secara lebih efektif melalui pengalaman langsung di lapangan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa lahan yang diberi perlakuan biochar memiliki kondisi tanah yang lebih gembur dan mampu mempertahankan kelembapan lebih baik dibandingkan lahan tanpa perlakuan. Selain itu, pembelajaran lapangan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih nyata kepada masyarakat mengenai proses pembuatan dan pemanfaatan biochar dari sisa-sisa hasil pertanian yang mudah ditemukan di lingkungan sekitar. Dengan demikian, biochar dapat menjadi alternatif yang ekonomis, mudah diterapkan, dan berkelanjutan untuk mendukung perbaikan kualitas tanah serta peningkatan hasil pertanian.

Hydroponic cultivation of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) in greenhouses is an effective alternative for overcoming land limitations, particularly in urban areas. Hydroponic systems enable plants to obtain nutrients optimally through the application of the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) and Deep Flow Technique (DFT), thereby promoting more efficient plant growth. In addition, the success of hydroponic mustard cultivation is influenced by environmental control, including temperatures ranging from 15–35°C and relative humidity levels of 70–90%. Plant nutrient requirements are supplied through an AB Mix nutrient solution with a pH range of 5.5–6.5 and an electrical conductivity (EC) value of 1.5–3.0 mS/cm. This review aims to analyze various factors affecting the growth of hydroponic mustard greens, including nutrient management, environmental conditions, and biological pest and disease control using beneficial agents such as Trichoderma and Bacillus. Furthermore, this study discusses several technical and economic challenges that may influence cultivation success. The findings indicate that hydroponic systems can significantly improve crop productivity and yield quality, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and support the implementation of sustainable and environmentally friendly urban agriculture in Indonesia.

Malaria masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, terutama di Provinsi Papua yang memiliki angka kejadian malaria tinggi. Tingginya kejadian malaria tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan, tetapi juga oleh tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai penyebab dan pencegahan penyakit tersebut. Pengetahuan yang rendah dapat memengaruhi perilaku pencegahan sehingga meningkatkan risiko penularan malaria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kejadian penyakit malaria di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sowek, Kepulauan Aruri, Kabupaten Supiori. Penelitian menggunakan desain analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 32 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan responden mengenai penyebab dan pencegahan malaria serta data kejadian malaria. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat untuk menggambarkan karakteristik responden dan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki (69%), berusia 25–30 tahun (53%), berpendidikan SMP (41%), dan memiliki pendapatan keluarga rendah (47%). Sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang kurang mengenai penyebab malaria (68,8%) maupun pencegahannya (68,8%). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan masih menjadi masalah utama di masyarakat dan berpotensi meningkatkan risiko kejadian malaria. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan program promosi kesehatan dan edukasi masyarakat untuk mendukung upaya pengendalian dan eliminasi malaria.

The selection process for accepting new employees is one of the important stages in a company to ensure that the candidates accepted have qualifications that suit the company's needs. At WINMART, the selection process is still carried out manually, so it is less efficient and prone to errors. Therefore, a system is needed that can assist in more objective and efficient decision making. This Decision Support System (DSS) is designed to assist the selection process for recruiting new employees using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, which can assess several relevant criteria, such as work experience, education, skills and competency tests. This system was built on a web basis, so it can be easily accessed by parties involved in the selection process, such as HRD and managers. The SAW method was chosen because of its ability to convert various subjective criteria into more objective numerical scores, so that selection results can be more transparent and accountable. By using this system, it is hoped that it can increase efficiency, accuracy and transparency in the new employee selection process at WINMART, as well as facilitate decision making in selecting candidates who best suit the desired criteria.

This research aims to analyze: (1) the general characteristics of farmers who convert rubber land to oil palm plantations in Sungai Gelam District, and (2) the economic impact of this land conversion, particularly on farmers’ income. This study uses a quantitative approach with survey data collected from rubber and oil palm farmers. The results show that there are notable differences in farmer characteristics, including capital, labor use, and market access. The average income difference between rubber and oil palm farmers is IDR 2,712,000, indicating higher earnings from oil palm cultivation. Based on the BNT test, with a value of IDR 405,000, the average income difference exceeds the threshold, confirming that the difference is statistically significant. Furthermore, the calculated F value is greater than the F table value, which strengthens the conclusion that there is a significant difference in income between rubber and oil palm farmers. Therefore, land conversion contributes positively to farmers’ income improvement.

Village regional information plays an important role in supporting community services and effective development planning. However, some rural areas still face limitations in information regarding hamlet boundaries and road access, including Lunto Barat Village, Lembah Segar District, Sawahlunto City. This Community Service Program (KKN) aimed to improve the availability and accessibility of village regional information through hamlet and road mapping activities. The methods applied included field observation, direct road data collection with village officials, preparation of hamlet maps, and environmental development activities through community-based planting. The results indicated that the mapping activities provided clearer information on hamlet boundaries and village road networks, thereby facilitating community access to regional information. Furthermore, the resulting village map helped both residents and visitors locate destinations more effectively. This program demonstrates that village mapping activities not only enhance access to regional information but also contribute to more structured and participatory village development.

Village regional information plays an important role in supporting community services and effective development planning. However, some rural areas still face limitations in information regarding hamlet boundaries and road access, including Lunto Barat Village, Lembah Segar District, Sawahlunto City. This Community Service Program (KKN) aimed to improve the availability and accessibility of village regional information through hamlet and road mapping activities. The methods applied included field observation, direct road data collection with village officials, preparation of hamlet maps, and environmental development activities through community-based planting. The results indicated that the mapping activities provided clearer information on hamlet boundaries and village road networks, thereby facilitating community access to regional information. Furthermore, the resulting village map helped both residents and visitors locate destinations more effectively. This program demonstrates that village mapping activities not only enhance access to regional information but also contribute to more structured and participatory village development.

The development of Indonesia’s traditional cuisine faces significant hurdles as shifting consumer preferences increasingly favor modern food options. This trend necessitates innovative approaches to ensure local culinary heritage remains competitive. This study examines the role of sociopreneurship as an innovation strategy at Ingkung Djawa Waroeng Ndesso. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative design, the research gathered insights from the business owner and employees selected via purposive sampling. Data collection involved interviews, observations, and documentation, with validity ensured through source triangulation. The analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, encompassing data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal that implementing sociopreneurship effectively integrates economic and social objectives by preserving authentic recipes, empowering local communities, and generating employment. Key innovations include diversifying product offerings while maintaining authenticity and leveraging social media for strategic marketing. These results demonstrate that social entrepreneurship serves as a powerful mechanism for enhancing business competitiveness while safeguarding cultural sustainability. The study implies that traditional culinary development can be successfully managed through a sociopreneurial framework, allowing for modern innovation without compromising core cultural values. Consequently, this model offers a sustainable pathway for traditional businesses to thrive amidst the challenges of contemporary market globalization.

The Free Nutritious Meal (MBG) program is one of the Indonesian government’s strategic initiatives aimed at improving the nutritional status of school-aged children. The success of this program is influenced not only by food availability but also by students' knowledge and attitudes toward nutrition. This study aims to analyze the influence of students’ nutritional knowledge and attitudes on their readiness to support the MBG program. This research employed a quantitative approach with an explanatory design. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to students at SD Negeri 6 Sawa, North Konawe Regency. The analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results show that nutritional knowledge has a significant effect on students’ attitudes. Furthermore, students’ attitudes significantly influence readiness to support the MBG program. However, the direct effect of nutritional knowledge on readiness was not statistically significant. These findings indicate that attitude plays an important role in mediating the relationship between knowledge and readiness to support the MBG program. Therefore, nutrition education is essential to strengthen students’ attitudes and support the successful implementation of the MBG program.

Vegetables are food commodities widely consumed by the public due to their high nutritional content. Chili (Capsicum annuum L.), green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensia L.) are among the vegetables that can be processed into various delicious dishes or consumed fresh as raw vegetables. To obtain healthy and high-quality vegetable crops, pesticides are commonly used to control pests that may damage the plants. One of the widely used pesticides is chlorpyrifos, which can leave residues that may pose both acute and chronic health risks. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the levels of chlorpyrifos pesticide residues in vegetables. The residue levels were determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 230 nm with dichloromethane as the solvent, while qualitative analysis was performed using HPLC by comparing the retention times of standard solutions and vegetable samples. In this study, washing treatments were applied to the vegetables using dichloromethane, distilled water, well water, and tap water (PDAM) to evaluate the effect of washing on pesticide residue levels. The concentrations of pesticide residues in unwashed vegetables were chili (2.6680 ± 0.0214 mg/kg), green beans (2.4658 ± 0.0193 mg/kg), and Chinese cabbage (2.7950 ± 0.0379 mg/kg). The washing process was carried out three times for each solvent. After three washings using dichloromethane and distilled water, pesticide residues were no longer detected, whereas washing with tap water (PDAM) and well water still left residues, although at levels much lower than the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). The health risk assessment showed that the aHQ and cHQ values were < 1, indicating that consumption within the recommended limits of these samples does not pose health risks, either in the short term or long term. This study provides important information that repeated washing is necessary to effectively reduce pesticide residue levels in vegetables before consumption.  

Abstract: The digital era demands that every individual possess visual literacy competencies, but in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), access to technology is often limited to maintain focus on worship. The main problem at the Salafiyah Al-Furqon Islamic Boarding School in Sawangan, Magelang Regency, is the digital skills gap among 12th-grade students. This is caused by the boarding school's policy of only allowing mobile phone use during semester breaks, leaving students lacking practical multimedia skills prior to graduation. This community service activity aims to provide a solution through basic photography and videography training as a soft skill for alumni independence. The method used is a workshop that combines theoretical explanations and direct practice (experiential learning). The results of this activity show a significant increase in students' technical competency; participants are able to operate smartphone cameras with stable shooting techniques, understand the principles of visual composition (such as the rule of thirds and leading lines), and are able to perform basic video editing using mobile-based software applications. Through this training, Islamic boarding school graduates are expected to become individuals who are adaptive to technological developments and able to utilize visual media as a means of creative economics and digital da'wah after graduation.

Land tenure through certificates as valid proof of rights had been recognized, yet in practice damaged certificates still caused administrative obstacles at the BPN of Tabanan Regency. The objective of this research was to analyze the mechanism of replacing damaged Certificates of Ownership and to identify the inhibiting factors in the process. This research used an empirical legal method (socio-legal research) with statutory, conceptual, and factual approaches. Data were collected through interviews with officials at the Tabanan Land Office and literature studies from legal documents and academic sources. The findings showed that the replacement mechanism started with application submission, data matching with the land book, a 30-day public announcement period, field verification including re-measurement if physical data could not be read, and issuance of a replacement certificate directed toward an electronic system. The study also found that the main inhibiting factors included administrative constraints, incomplete documents, unclear legal subjects, potential land disputes, low public understanding, and limited digitalization. These findings indicated that although the mechanism had been regulated, its implementation still faced obstacles affecting legal certainty and service effectiveness. This research implied the need to improve services, legal awareness, and digital transformation.

Korosi pada material stainless steel dalam lingkungan basa dan temperatur tinggi menjadi salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi umur pakai peralatan pada sistem netralisasi minyak sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh temperatur dan kecepatan pengadukan terhadap laju korosi serta membandingkan ketahanan korosi baja tahan karat SS304 dan SS316 dalam larutan NaOH 1 M. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan metode weight loss berdasarkan standar ASTM G31–72 selama 49 hari dengan variasi temperatur 70°C, 90°C, dan 110°C serta kecepatan pengadukan 100 rpm, 200 rpm, dan 300 rpm. Laju korosi dihitung berdasarkan kehilangan massa spesimen dan dianalisis menggunakan klasifikasi ketahanan korosi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan temperatur dan kecepatan pengadukan menyebabkan peningkatan laju korosi pada kedua material. Nilai laju korosi tertinggi diperoleh pada SS304 sebesar 0,0247 mm/tahun pada kondisi 110°C dan 300 rpm, sedangkan nilai terendah diperoleh pada SS316 sebesar 0,0124 mm/tahun pada kondisi 70°C dan 100 rpm. Secara umum, SS316 menunjukkan ketahanan korosi yang lebih baik dibandingkan SS304 karena kemampuan mempertahankan lapisan pasif yang lebih tinggi. Berdasarkan klasifikasi ketahanan korosi, sebagian besar kondisi pengujian berada pada kategori sangat baik sehingga kedua material masih layak digunakan pada sistem netralisasi minyak sawit, dengan SS316 lebih direkomendasikan untuk kondisi operasi yang lebih agresif.