Publication Search

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a daily disease seen in rheumatology clinics. It predominantly involves the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton is mostly spared except for the cervical spine where instability can occur and can be carefully assessed with cervical spine radiographs in flexion and extension. Radiographs may show erosion at the C1-C2 level with destruction of the transverse ligament that can result in atlantoaxial subluxation. Diagnosis is based on clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings. Conventional radiography has been the mainstay for diagnosis of joint damage and subsequent follow-up. Radiography can provide only indirect information on synovial inflammation, however, and the technique is insensitive to early bone damage. Hand radiographs are frequently ordered as the first imaging modality in the assessment of patients presenting with peripheral arthritis. They can provide invaluable information about the bones, joints, mineralization, soft tissues and the distribution of abnormalities. Given the wide spectrum of rheumatic diseases, it might be challenging to make the diagnosis solely based on the clinical findings and imaging plays an important role in narrowing the differential diagnosis. Having the knowledge of the common radiographic manifestations of inflammatory arthritis is of paramount importance for clinicians and radiologists to diagnose the underlying disease in early stages of disease in order to start treatment. The purpose of the article is to review the key radiographic findings of common rheumatic diseases in the hands.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-compassion and self-objectification among female TikTok users in Jambi City. The study used a quantitative correlational approach with a cross-sectional design. A total of 218 female students in Jambi City aged 18–25 years who actively use TikTok were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) adapted into Indonesian (Skala Welas Diri) and the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (OBCS). Data analysis used the Pearson Product Moment correlation test. The results showed a significant negative relationship between self-compassion and self-objectification (r = -0.216; p = 0.001). The higher the self-compassion, the lower the tendency for self-objectification. The majority of respondents had moderate to high levels of self-compassion, while self-objectification was in the moderate category. The duration of TikTok use of more than 2 hours per day was associated with a higher tendency for self-objectification. These findings confirm the role of self-compassion as a protective factor against self-objectification in the context of visual-based social media use.

Pengabdian ini bertujuan memperkuat akuntabilitas pengelolaan dana pembangunan masjid melalui penyusunan informasi keuangan berbasis ISAK 335. Pengabdian menggunakan pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR) melalui observasi, wawancara, dan pendampingan penyusunan laporan keuangan. Kegiatan dilakukan melalui klasifikasi transaksi, penyusunan laporan keuangan, serta analisis efisiensi dan partisipasi donatur. Hasil pengabdian berupa tersusunnya laporan keuangan pembangunan masjid yang lebih sistematis dan informatif. Takmir memperoleh pemahaman mengenai efisiensi penggunaan dana dan pola partisipasi masyarakat. Transparansi laporan keuangan juga memperkuat kepercayaan jamaah terhadap pengelolaan dana pembangunan. Pengabdian ini berdampak pada penguatan tata kelola, akuntabilitas, dan keberlanjutan partisipasi masyarakat dalam memakmurkan masjid.

Land rights disputes arising from overlapping land certificates remain a complex agrarian law issue frequently encountered in Indonesia. This phenomenon reflects weaknesses in the land administration system, particularly in data collection, land measurement, and certificate issuance. Such disputes create conflicts, legal uncertainty, and reduced public trust in the land registration system. In practice, these disputes are generally resolved through civil litigation procedures in the District Court. This study aims to comprehensively analyze civil procedural law in resolving land rights disputes involving overlapping certificates and to examine the evidentiary strength of land certificates in judicial proceedings. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that dispute resolution begins with the filing of a lawsuit, followed by mediation, court examination, and the evidentiary process as the most crucial stage in determining lawful ownership. Land certificates serve as strong evidence; however, they are not absolute, as they may be challenged if administrative or substantive legal defects are identified. Judges play a central role in assessing certificate validity by considering land history, physical possession, good faith, and compliance with legal procedures. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of dispute resolution still requires improvement through better land administration, enhanced data accuracy, and stronger institutional integration.

The study aims to analyze the role of digital media as a distracting factor affecting the faith loyalty of Catholic adolescents in their relationship with God amid religious pluralism in Indonesia. The development of digital media has transformed how adolescents understand, express, and live out their faith, while simultaneously presenting both opportunities and ambivalent challenges. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, analyzing various theological, sociological sources, and Church documents. The findings indicate that digital media can serve as a broad and participatory space for expressing faith, but it also has the potential to create distractions in three main dimensions: cognitive, affective, and practical. Cognitively, adolescents experience confusion in understanding faith teachings due to the diversity of information available. Affectively, there is a shift in orientation from a relationship with God toward the pursuit of emotional gratification in digital spaces. Practically, there is a decline in engagement in concrete religious practices. Within the context of religious pluralism, this complexity intensifies and influences the formation of adolescents’ faith identity. This study also finds that digital media does not only have negative impacts but also holds positive potential as a means of deepening faith when used critically and reflectively. Therefore, the role of the Church is essential through contextual, dialogical, and integrative pastoral accompaniment combined with critical digital literacy. Through this approach, adolescents are expected to integrate their digital experiences into a more mature, authentic faith life rooted in a deeper relationship with God.

Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases encountered in primary healthcare and may lead to serious complications if left uncontrolled. This case report aims to describe the management of a 48-year-old female patient with grade II hypertension through a family medicine approach at Nisam Primary Health Center, North Aceh Regency. The patient presented with intermittent headaches for one week, which worsened after physical activity and were accompanied by numbness in both legs. She had a five-year history of hypertension with poor adherence to antihypertensive medication. Physical examination revealed a blood pressure of 165/70 mmHg, leading to a diagnosis of grade II hypertension. Comprehensive management was conducted using patient-centered and family-centered approaches, including education regarding hypertension, lifestyle modification, DASH diet implementation, physical activity, medication adherence, and family support through home visits and family folders. The interventions were expected to improve blood pressure control, prevent complications, and enhance the patient’s quality of life. A family medicine approach plays an important role in comprehensive hypertension management at the primary healthcare level.

This study was conducted based on the low level of student activeness and understanding in IPAS learning at the elementary school level. The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of the role play method in improving students’ activeness and learning outcomes. This study employed a classroom action research approach involving 27 students. The data were collected through observation and evaluation of student learning outcomes. The findings revealed a significant improvement in both student participation and understanding after the implementation of the role play method. Students became more active in asking questions, responding to the teacher, and participating in classroom activities. In terms of learning outcomes, 85.2% of students were able to answer questions correctly and demonstrated good understanding, while the remaining 14.8% also achieved the minimum criteria. These results indicate that learning through direct experience enhances students’ comprehension. The implication of this study suggests that the role play method can be used as an effective alternative teaching strategy to create an interactive, engaging, and student-centered learning environment in elementary education.

The development of digital technology has brought about significant changes in various aspects of life, including early childhood faith education. Today’s children are growing up in an environment familiar with digital media, making it necessary to adopt a catechetical approach that keeps pace with the times. This article aims to examine the use of digital catechesis as a tool for early childhood faith education. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach, gathering data from books, scientific journals, research articles, Church documents, and other relevant sources. The data is analyzed using descriptive-qualitative methods to understand the benefits, challenges, and role of digital catechesis in fostering children’s faith. Research findings indicate that digital catechesis can serve as an effective, engaging, and interactive medium for helping children learn about the teachings of the faith from an early age. The use of animated videos, religious songs, educational images, and learning apps can enhance children’s interest in learning, attention, and understanding of Catholic faith values. Furthermore, digital catechesis also assists the Church, families, and schools in providing faith education that is more contextual and aligned with the world of today’s children. However, the use of digital media still requires the guidance of parents, teachers, and faith mentors so that children receive proper direction and are protected from the negative impacts of technology. Thus, digital catechesis is a relevant tool in the faith education of young children when used wisely and purposefully. The presence of digital media does not replace the role of faith educators but serves as a tool that enriches the process of proclaiming the faith in the modern era.

The rapid growth of digital commerce has encouraged companies to integrate digital and physical marketing channels to create seamless and consistent customer experiences. This study aims to analyze the role of integrated marketing channels through omnichannel strategies, the utilization of Artificial intelligence (AI), and their impact on customer experience in the context of digital commerce. The study employs a Systematic literature review (SLR) approach by examining relevant scholarly articles related to omnichannel marketing, AI technologies, and customer experience. The findings indicate that integrated marketing channels supported by AI enhance service personalization, customer engagement, operational efficiency, and the quality of interactions between companies and customers. Furthermore, the implementation of omnichannel strategies contributes to higher customer satisfaction and loyalty by providing a more connected experience across multiple customer touchpoints. However, the implementation of integrated marketing channels still faces several challenges, including fragmented channel integration, technological complexity, high investment requirements, and concerns regarding customer data privacy and security. Therefore, effective management of integrated marketing channels is essential for improving customer experience while creating sustainable competitive advantages for companies in an increasingly dynamic digital era.

Golf participation has increasingly become a lifestyle-oriented recreational activity that combines physical exercise, social interaction, and personal identity. However, participation decisions are not only shaped by individual interest, but also by demographic readiness, psychographic orientation, digital promotional exposure, and psychological commitment to the sport. This study aims to examine the influence of demographic factors, psychographic factors, and digital promotion on golf participation decisions in Bandar Lampung, with sport commitment as a mediating variable. A quantitative survey approach was employed using purposive sampling. Data were collected from 287 golf participants through a structured questionnaire measured with a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and Sobel mediation testing. The findings show that demographic factors, psychographic factors, digital promotion, and sport commitment have positive and significant effects on golf participation decisions. Sport commitment was found to be the strongest predictor and significantly mediated the relationship between demographic factors, psychographic factors, digital promotion, and golf participation decisions. These results indicate that golf participation is influenced not only by access, lifestyle, and digital promotion, but also by the level of commitment developed by participants. This study contributes to sport marketing literature by integrating individual, psychological, and digital factors into one empirical model of golf participation behavior.

Rapid technological developments and social changes in the disruption era require organizations, including educational institutions, to adapt quickly and innovatively. This article discusses the importance of building psychological safety as a foundation to enhance team innovation and adaptability. Psychological safety is a condition in which team members feel safe to express ideas, ask questions, and share opinions without fear of negative consequences. The study employs a qualitative literature review method; analyzing various scientific sources related to psychological safety, leadership, and organizational management. Findings indicate that supportive and inclusive leadership plays a crucial role in fostering a psychologically safe environment, which in turn promotes open communication; effective collaboration, and innovative behavior. Developing psychological safety enhances intrinsic motivation, job engagement, and learning agility; enabling teams to respond effectively to rapid organizational changes. This research implies that organizations should prioritize psychological safety to strengthen team performance and sustainability in the dynamic disruption era.

This study aims to examine the position of Pancasila as a grundnorm within the Indonesian constitutional system and the role of Islamic Religious Education as an ethical foundation in strengthening constitutional principles from the perspective of Islamic sociological legal theory. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach using library research, involving the analysis of various relevant literature sources. The findings indicate that Pancasila plays a fundamental role in the Indonesian legal system, serving as the highest norm in the hierarchy of laws, while also functioning as an ethical guideline in the life of the nation and the state. Islamic Religious Education plays a significant role in shaping the moral constitution through the understanding of values such as honesty, justice, responsibility, and trustworthiness, in line with the principles of Pancasila. The integration of Pancasila values and Islamic teachings, viewed through the lens of sociological law, demonstrates that effective law is not merely normative but also responsive to social realities. Therefore, Islamic sociological legal theory can strengthen the Indonesian constitutional system through the integration of normative, moral, and sociological values, resulting in a more responsive, just, and contextually relevant legal system.

This article examines the dialogue between John Calvin’s educational thought and the Merdeka Curriculum within the context of Christian Religious Education (PAK) in Indonesia. Employing a qualitative-comparative approach with descriptive analysis, this study traces the points of convergence and tension between Calvin’s educational principles particularly the concept of imago Dei, holistic education, and the God-centered purpose of education and the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum such as flexibility, differentiated learning, and the Profil Pelajar Pancasila (Pancasila Student Profile). The analysis reveals significant convergence in terms of respect for the potential and uniqueness of learners, holistic educational orientation, and the role of teachers as facilitators and character formers. However, fundamental tensions also exist regarding Calvin’s theocentric theological foundation vis-à-vis the secular Pancasila foundation, the concept of discipline and authority versus student freedom, and the ultimate goal of education glorifying God versus forming the Pancasila Student Profile. Based on these findings, this article offers practical recommendations for PAK curriculum design based on the Merdeka Curriculum, a Kingdom of God-nuanced project-based learning approach, holistic assessment, and Christian character formation within the Profil Pelajar Pancasila framework. This research contributes to filling the gap in studies that dialogue the Reformed theological tradition with contemporary Indonesian national education policy.

The development of digital technology has brought significant changes in the field of education, especially in the learning process, school management systems, and teachers' work patterns. This situation requires school principals' leadership who can adapt, be innovative, and act as agents of change in improving teachers' work ethic. This study aims to analyze the role of school principals' transformational leadership in enhancing teachers' work ethic in the digital era and to examine its relevance to educational transformation. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature study type through the analysis of various journals and scientific sources from 2020–2025. The results of the study indicate that school principals' transformational leadership plays an important role in increasing teachers' motivation, commitment, and professionalism through ideal influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. In addition, this leadership is also capable of creating a work culture that is collaborative, innovative, and adaptive to technological developments. Digital transformation in education not only involves the use of technology but also changes in work culture and the improvement of human resource competencies in schools. The implications of this research confirm that school principals as transformational leaders have a strategic role in the success of educational transformation in the digital era through the continuous enhancement of teachers' work ethic.

This study aims to analyze the relevance of Robert Raikes' Christian educational thinking to the character formation of children in contemporary Sunday School services. This study uses a qualitative approach with a library research method. Data were obtained from various literature sources such as books, scientific journals, and research articles related to Christian education, character education, and the history of Sunday School development. Data analysis techniques were carried out through the stages of data reduction, grouping themes, interpretation, and drawing conclusions using descriptive qualitative methods. The results show that Robert Raikes' thoughts remain relevant in modern Christian education, especially in the formation of children's character through the teaching of God's Word, discipline, role models, and the instilling of Christian values. Sunday School plays an important role as a means of fostering faith, morality, and social responsibility in children from an early age. In addition, the challenges of the digital era require churches to develop more creative, interactive, and contextual learning methods without abandoning the basic values ​​of the Christian faith. This study confirms that the success of children's character formation depends not only on the church, but also on the role of Sunday School teachers and families who work together to build a conducive spiritual environment. Thus, Robert Raikes' thinking makes an important contribution to the development of Christian education that is relevant in the modern era.

Given the important objectives that banks strive to achieve through financial stability and their role in ensuring its continuity and ability to face various economic challenges, many have expanded their policies beyond their traditional functions by adopting a range of additional practices and activities that contribute to strengthening their developmental role in society. Among the most prominent of these practices are corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, which have become a crucial aspect of the work of contemporary financial institutions. In this context, this research highlights CSR practices in banks. It relied on a sample of nine Iraqi banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, which are characterized by their continued banking operations and regular publication of their annual financial reports. The research period was set from 2014 to 2023, and included a set of statistical tests that incorporated a number of financial determinants as control variables to determine their contribution to enhancing the impact of CSR when included alongside it, and to define the nature of the relationship between the research variables. We have reached a number of conclusions, most notably that when regulatory variables are included in the analysis model, this effect becomes statistically insignificant, which indicates that banks’ interest in internal financial factors still outweighs their interest in social aspects.

Along with the times, computer technology is developing very rapidly. The increasingly rapid development of computer technology means that everyone is required to utilize computer technology in their daily lives. Utilization of technology is one of the implementation roles of scientific disciplines. The reason behind the formation of this research is so that in the future it will become a fun learning concept in the introduction of objects and shapes in children and the motor development of children. children are usually more interested in seeing pictorial text, or pictures that contain lots of color. The Viola Jones method itself was chosen as the research completion algorithm. The Viola Jones method is usually used as a method in research that discusses the detection of objects, faces and others. The Viola Jones method was chosen because it has a high level of accuracy that can reach 100% probability.

Sleep duration and sleep quality are essential physiological needs that play a significant role in the emotional and behavioral development of children aged 3–6 years. Adequate sleep supports brain development, cognitive functioning, emotional regulation, and social interaction skills in early childhood. Conversely, poor sleep duration and low sleep quality may negatively affect children’s attention, mood stability, and ability to interact socially with peers and caregivers. This article is a literature review using a systematic review approach that analyzes 10 scientific articles published between 2016–2026 to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and sleep quality with emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. The article selection process followed the PRISMA flow diagram, with articles sourced from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The findings consistently indicate that inadequate sleep duration and poor sleep quality are associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems, including hyperactivity, anxiety, emotional dysregulation, and difficulties in social interaction among children. Furthermore, sleep disturbances were found to negatively influence children’s emotional self-regulation abilities, which are crucial for adaptive behavior. Therefore, ensuring adequate sleep duration and improving sleep quality are important strategies to support optimal emotional and behavioral development in preschool-aged children.

To address the negative impacts of teenage romantic relationships on peer dynamics and academic achievement at SMP Negeri 5 Sipahutar, school authorities implemented a regulation prohibiting dating, in line with Pancasila character education principles. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of this policy on fostering positive social behavior among ninth-grade students. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach and involved 81 students as respondents. Data were collected using a four-level multiple-choice agreement questionnaire consisting of ten items. The analysis results showed a total score of 2707, a mean score of 33.42, a standard deviation of 4.8, and an average scale score of 3.34. The findings revealed that 78.2% of students agreed that the regulation encouraged peer cooperation, improved discipline in obeying school rules, and supported effective group learning. In addition, the policy appeared to contribute to a more positive school environment by reducing distractions associated with adolescent dating behavior. These findings indicate that school-based regulations can play an important role in shaping adolescent character and social behavior based on national values. Therefore, such policies may serve as an effective preventive strategy for educational institutions that aim to strengthen character education and promote responsible student conduct.

The Tandak Timang tradition in Batu Badinding Village, Central Katingan District, plays an important role in fostering the faith of children aged 1-5 years, which is carried out by parents. From an early age, children are introduced to faith values through Tandak Timang verses that contain advice, prayers, and praise to God. This study aims to (1) describe the role of parents in fostering the faith of children aged 1-5 years through the Tandak Timang tradition in Batu Badinding Village, Central Katingan District; and (2) describe the values implemented by parents for children aged 1-5 years in Batu Badinding Village, Central Katingan District. The research used a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation.The results show that Tandak Timang plays a significant role in shaping children's spiritual foundation. Parents' roles are manifested through daily practices, such as singing, storytelling, and rocking children while chanting verses in the Dayak Ngaju language. This practice not only builds strong emotional bonds but also serves as an effective medium for instilling noble values. These values include cultural values, moral and ethical values, ancestral values, and spiritual values that teach children about the importance of prayer and hope in God.The conclusion of this study is that parents act not only as cultural inheritors but also as educators, role models, and facilitators. They utilize intimate moments when putting children to sleep—through singing, storytelling, and rocking—to instill faith values. The strong physical and emotional interaction builds a solid bond, making it easier for children to accept and internalize a deep understanding of the teachings conveyed. The Tandak Timang tradition is rich in noble values that serve as the foundation for faith formation. These values include cultural values, moral and ethical values, ancestral values, and spiritual values. The suggestions put forward are that parents should further understand the meaning of Tandak Timang for fostering children's faith from an early age, and pass on and preserve the character of children through this Central Kalimantan Dayak culture. For subsequent researchers conducting similar studies, it is recommended to develop the research objectives and focus more specifically on the research topics.