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Linguistics plays a crucial role in studying and understanding the structure of language, including in the context of Arabic. The Arabic language, with its complex system of morphology, syntax, and phonology, requires an in-depth linguistic approach to analyze its grammatical structure. This study aims to explore how linguistic theories, such as phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics, contribute to understanding the basic structure of Arabic. Through linguistic approaches, a clearer and more structured understanding of sentence structure, word patterns, and the relationships between language elements can be achieved. This paper also discusses the challenges faced in applying linguistic theories to Arabic, as well as the importance of a linguistic approach in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers. The findings of this study are expected to provide broader insights into the role of linguistics in learning and teaching Arabic more effectively and systematically. 

Islamic religious education plays an important role in the formation of character and noble morals. The main goal of Islamic religious education is to form children who are faithful, have good morals, and do good deeds. There are several means of Islamic religious education that can be used to form noble character and morals. Formal education such as madrasahs, religious schools, and Islamic universities can be effective means of Islamic religious education; Non-formal education such as pengajian, majlis taklim, and other religious activities can be flexible means of Islamic religious education; Informal education such as education in the family, community, and environment can be very effective means of Islamic religious education; Technology such as the internet, applications, and social media can be modern and effective means of Islamic religious education; Extracurricular Activities Extracurricular activities such as religious activities, social activities, and sports activities can be fun and effective means of Islamic religious education. In the formation of character and morals, Islamic religious education must pay attention to several aspects such as the formation of good and noble morals, such as honesty, patience, and caring. The formation of correct and consistent worship, such as prayer, fasting, and zakat. The formation of good and fair muamalah, such as being fair, honest, and caring. The formation of high and deep mukasyafah, such as understanding the essence of oneself, God, and the universe. The formation of good and noble character, such as being confident, independent, and responsible. Thus, Islamic religious education can form the character and morals of children who are good, noble, and pious.

Active behavior in facing disasters plays a crucial role in reducing the impact and accelerating the recovery process. This study aims to explore the relationship between aqidah (religious beliefs) and togetherness in shaping the collective response of society to disasters. Using a qualitative approach, this study analyzes data from field observations and interviews with various community groups affected by natural disasters in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that religion can be a social capital, and has the values ​​and norms of monotheism, patience, sincerity, tawakkal and togetherness and shows that strong aqidah can increase the spirit of togetherness and mutual cooperation, which contributes to reducing anxiety and accelerating aid and recovery. This study concludes that collective behavior built on religious values ​​and togetherness can strengthen the social resilience of society in facing disasters.

Islamic religious education has a fundamental role in forming people who are faithful and have noble character. The concept of Islamic education is based on the values ​​of monotheism, the exemplary behavior of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, and the teachings of the Qur'an and hadith which emphasize the importance of morality in individual and social life. This study analyzes the concept and practice of Islamic religious education in building character through a qualitative approach with literature study methods, observation, and interviews. The results of the study show that Islamic education is implemented through various methods, including cognitive learning, habituation of worship, role models, and the role of family and social environment. Islamic education does not only focus on mastering religious knowledge but also on internalizing moral and ethical values ​​that shape the personality of Muslims who have noble character. Therefore, optimizing Islamic religious education is very important in facing moral challenges in the modern era.

Islamic Religious Education in schools plays an important role in shaping Muslim personalities that reflect authentic Islamic values. The main goal is for students to not only practice religious teachings as a routine, but also understand the meaning of every worship they do, both for themselves and their relationship with God. Islamic Religious Education plays a role as the main pillar in shaping Islamic character, with an approach that involves learning religious values ​​consciously and systematically. This study uses a library research method by analyzing various references from journals and books that discuss the role of Islamic Religious Education in character formation. The results of the study show that this education contributes significantly to building a society that has moral responsibility and strong Islamic character. By strengthening faith and piety, students are expected to avoid negative behavior that can damage social life and endanger national unity. Therefore, Islamic Religious Education is a long-term investment in creating individuals who are not only intellectually intelligent, but also have noble morals according to Islamic teachings.

Mathematics is one of the main skills taught from elementary school to college, playing a role in developing critical and logical thinking patterns of students. However, many elementary school students have difficulty understanding mathematical concepts, especially spatial figures, due to the lack of supporting learning media. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of using Trimatra (three-dimensional) media in mathematics learning in elementary schools. Trimatra media, such as three-dimensional models of spatial figures, allows students to visualize and understand the characteristics and relationships between spatial figures in a concrete manner. The results of the literature study show that Trimatra media not only increases students' knowledge of mathematical concepts, but also motivates students to be actively involved in learning, increases critical thinking skills, and overall learning outcomes.  

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges, requiring organizations to adapt swiftly and navigate through uncertainty. Agile leadership has emerged as a critical factor in effectively managing crises and ensuring business sustainability. This study explores the role of agile leadership in crisis management, emphasizing the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic. By analyzing case studies and best practices, this paper highlights the key attributes of agile leaders, such as adaptability, resilience, and the ability to foster innovation under pressure. Furthermore, it examines how agile leadership principles can be applied to develop sustainable business practices in a volatile and complex environment. The findings of this study provide actionable insights for organizations aiming to enhance their crisis response capabilities and promote long-term sustainability.  

Women entrepreneurs play a pivotal role in fostering social innovation through the establishment of community-based enterprises. These enterprises not only address social challenges but also contribute significantly to economic development by creating sustainable solutions and opportunities within their communities. This study explores the intersection of women entrepreneurship, social innovation, and community-based enterprises, emphasizing their potential to drive inclusive economic growth. By leveraging local resources and addressing community-specific needs, women entrepreneurs act as catalysts for change, promoting social equity and economic empowerment. The research highlights key success factors, challenges, and strategies adopted by women-led community-based enterprises to achieve long-term economic and social impact. The findings suggest that supporting women entrepreneurs can amplify their contributions to economic development and societal well-being, particularly in underserved areas.  

This study explores the impact of an entrepreneurial mindset on business growth, with a particular focus on startups in developing economies. Through a case study approach, it examines how entrepreneurial traits such as innovation, risk-taking, and resilience contribute to overcoming challenges unique to these markets, including limited access to resources, unstable regulatory environments, and financial constraints. The research identifies key strategies employed by successful entrepreneurs to drive growth, create competitive advantages, and foster sustainable development. The findings highlight the critical role of entrepreneurial mindset as a catalyst for navigating complexities and achieving scalability in dynamic and resource-constrained environments. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and aspiring entrepreneurs aiming to support and enhance the startup ecosystem in developing economies.

The development of e-commerce has significantly transformed consumer behavior, particularly among Generation Z. This study examines the impact of e-commerce on the consumptive behavior of Gen Z students at STIE Cendekia Bojonegoro, Indonesia. E-commerce platforms offer easy access, a wide range of products, and various promotional features that influence consumer purchasing decisions. Using a quantitative approach with a survey design, this study investigates how promotions, social media, and other factors impact Gen Z's purchasing behaviors. The results reveal that social media has a more substantial influence on consumptive behavior than traditional promotional strategies, which were found to be less significant. This highlights the importance of social media in shaping the shopping habits of Gen Z. The findings contribute to a better understanding of e-commerce's role in influencing consumer behavior and offer recommendations for businesses and educational institutions to address the challenges associated with impulsive purchasing and financial management among students.

This study aims to analyze the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) and its contribution to enhancing organizational performance using a bibliometric approach. The research method involves analyzing data from Scopus and Crossref databases with the help of VOSviewer software to map research trends, keyword relationships, and publication distributions. The findings reveal that AI plays a significant role in optimizing HR processes, such as data-driven decision-making, productivity enhancement, and more efficient talent management. Key trends include innovations in HR practices, the utilization of big data, and sustainability practices (green HRM). The analysis identifies a significant increase in publications since 2020, reflecting growing academic interest in this topic. This research provides practical significance by helping organizations understand the strategic benefits of AI in addressing HR challenges and driving sustainable performance. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for future research exploring AI implementation across various organizational contexts.

This study explores the factors influencing firm value in the manufacturing industry in Indonesia, specifically focusing on dividends, investment opportunities, and leverage. The analysis is based on publicly available data from 178 manufacturing companies in Indonesia, spanning the years 2018 to 2023. The primary objective of this research is to identify the key determinants of firm value in Indonesia's manufacturing sector, grounded in capital structure theory, through the development of a theoretical model. The findings indicate that dividend policy, investment decisions, and leverage have a positive impact on firm value within Indonesia's manufacturing industry. This study provides empirical support for both the pecking order theory and agency theory.

Matrix organizational structures are increasingly being used by multinational companies in response to the complexities of global account management (GAM). This article explores the challenges and opportunities in implementing a matrix structure for GAM through a qualitative, case study-based approach. The study was conducted across four global companies in the technology and manufacturing sectors. The results show that matrix structures enhance cross-functional and cross-regional coordination, but also create role conflict, authority ambiguity, and high communication burden. This study provides strategic insights for top management to balance the need for global integration and local adaptation in the context of global strategic account management.

Education is a learning process both through formal and informal activities whose aim is none other than individual self-development. As an effort to master various aspects, both cognitive, affective and psychomotor. Sharia economics in the current modernization context, especially in the concept of the Indonesian state, does not only focus on Muslims. Indonesia's multicultural society with various cultures, languages and religions is a very important market in the development of sharia economics. Likewise in educational institutions.  This research was conducted with the aim of observing the extent of the role of education in increasing Sharia Economic Awareness. The research methods used are observation and interviews. Observing and distributing questionnaires to be filled out by STAI Nurul Falah Airmolek students, especially the Sharia Economics Study Program and several other study program students.The results of this research show that students have a strong interest in sharia economics. They realize the importance of the understanding of Sharia Economics that they obtain to convey to society. However, it is a challenge for students because there are still many students who are not yet literate or aware of the presence of Sharia Banking. Social life and the environment are one of the factors that they consider that they don't really need banking services. Even though times have changed digitally. However, this is the reality that is happening today in the regional environment and is an effort for educators, practitioners and Sharia Banking itself to more aggressively build the interest of the academic community and academics in Sharia Banking.

This study aims to determine the implications of accounting information systems (AIS) as a business strategy for SMEs in Madiun City. Economic digitalization has a major effect on SMEs. One of the implications (Angelina Wijaya Tan et al., 2024) of this economic digitalization is the transformation carried out by SME actors into the digital era, including the use of Accounting Information Systems (AIS). Efficiency is needed by SMEs in order to keep up with the changing times. The use of this AIS can improve the reporting process and business processes carried out by SMEs. Another advantage (Ari Rohmana & Hwihanus Hwihanus, 2023) of using this AIS is to avoid recording errors and reduce waste. It can be seen that AIS has an important role in the business processes carried out by SMEs. The research method used is qualitative research. The respondents used were SMEs in Madiun City.  

This study analyzes the differences between the neoliberal and social democratic paradigms in poverty alleviation policies in Indonesia, by adding an Islamic Economic perspective as an alternative. The neoliberal paradigm focuses on free market mechanisms, deregulation, and minimizing the role of the state, but often exacerbates social inequality. In contrast, the social democratic paradigm balances the role of the market and state intervention through resource redistribution and protection of vulnerable groups through sustainable social programs. Islamic economics offers a complementary approach oriented towards the principles of distributive justice, balance, and solidarity, by integrating spiritual values ​​into socio-economic policies. A qualitative approach is used in this study, with policy analysis of programs such as the Family Hope Program (PKH) and the National Health Insurance (JKN). The results show that the social democratic paradigm is more effective in reducing poverty systemically than neoliberalism, especially through increasing access to education, health, and social protection. However, budget constraints, corruption, and infrastructure gaps remain significant challenges. The Islamic Economic perspective emphasizes the importance of zakat, waqf, and infaq as instruments of wealth redistribution that have the potential to strengthen inclusive and sustainable poverty alleviation policies. This study recommends strengthening the synergy between the paradigm of social democracy and the values ​​of Islamic Economics to create policies that are more effective, equitable, and oriented towards the welfare of society holistically.  

Roads play a crucial role in economic development, especially for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). In North Sumatra, the rapid development of toll roads has significantly impacted the accessibility and efficiency of goods and services distribution. This study aims to analyze the influence of toll road development on the growth of MSMEs in the region. Utilizing statistical data and case studies, this research demonstrates that infrastructure improvements contribute to local economic growth and enhance the competitiveness of MSMEs.

This study examines the impact of government policies on social trauma healing and post-conflict social integration in Ambon, focusing on interfaith community relations and policies implemented following the Malino II Agreement. The objective of this research is to explore the effectiveness of reconciliation policies in reducing sectarian tensions and supporting the recovery of social trauma. The study employs a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach, utilizing a literature review of relevant sources, including books and articles on related policies. The findings indicate that reconciliation policies involving interfaith dialogue and engagement with local leaders have been effective in mitigating sectarian tensions and fostering social trauma recovery. However, while these policies have shown short-term effectiveness, challenges persist in ensuring their sustainability and implementation, particularly regarding social inclusivity. Additionally, the role of local religious leaders and religious institutions is crucial in creating spaces for dialogue and strengthening social cohesion, while religious education and local cultural practices also contribute to social integration. This study suggests that community-based approaches and inclusive policies that engage various societal elements are essential for achieving sustainable social peace.

This article examines the role of language and communication in journalism, with a focus on conveying accurate information. In an era where information is disseminated rapidly and in a variety of ways, journalists need to not only report the news but also ensure that the news is credible. This article contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between language, communication, and news accuracy by analyzing effective communication methods and the challenges journalists face in maintaining accuracy. The aim is to: This study shows that the use of appropriate language and good communication techniques can increase the credibility of the media.

Indonesian language holds a strategic role as a tool of cultural diplomacy on the international stage. As a symbol of national identity, it is utilized to showcase Indonesia's cultural richness through various programs such as Bahasa Indonesia for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) and the use of digital media. This strategy not only strengthens Indonesia’s positive image globally but also promotes harmonious international relations based on soft power. Despite challenges in digitalization and cross-sector coordination, the Indonesian language has great potential to become a leading language in Southeast Asia. Through innovative approaches and cross-sector collaboration, cultural diplomacy based on the Indonesian language is expected to contribute to better global relations.