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Background: The increasing complexity of industrial production systems requires machine condition monitoring solutions that are capable of operating in real time with high accuracy and responsiveness to support predictive maintenance strategies. Conventional cloud based monitoring systems often experience limitations such as high latency and dependence on stable network connectivity, which can delay decision making processes in critical industrial operations. Objective: This study aims to design and evaluate an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) architecture based on edge computing to improve the efficiency of industrial sensor data processing and accelerate anomaly detection in industrial machines. Method: The research adopts an experimental approach by designing a system architecture consisting of a sensor layer, edge computing layer, and cloud layer. Industrial sensors, including vibration, temperature, and current sensors, continuously collect machine operational data, which are then processed locally at the edge node using a machine learning based anomaly detection algorithm. System testing is conducted in a simulated manufacturing environment to evaluate performance based on latency, reliability, and detection accuracy. Results: The results indicate that edge based data processing significantly reduces latency compared with cloud-based processing and enables faster responses to machine condition changes. Additionally, the implemented anomaly detection algorithm achieves high accuracy in identifying abnormal sensor data patterns.

This study aims to evaluate the public transportation service policy of Trans Jatim Bus Corridor 2, operating on the Mojokerto–Surabaya route, using the six evaluation indicators proposed by William N. Dunn: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews, direct observations, and secondary data analysis. The findings reveal that the Trans Jatim Corridor 2 service has significantly contributed to improving accessibility and mobility for the people of East Java. In terms of effectiveness, the service meets transportation policy objectives by offering strategic routes, consistent schedules, and accessible bus stops. Efficiency is demonstrated through optimal utilization of limited fleets and operational costs, while still meeting high passenger demand. Regarding adequacy, the service is generally sufficient; however, overcrowding during peak hours indicates the need for capacity improvements. Equity is reflected in the widespread distribution of bus stops, although disparities remain in the availability of facilities and route information across several stops. The service shows high responsiveness through quick handling of passenger complaints via applications and social media. Additionally, service appropriateness is evident in its punctual operations supported by GPS-based monitoring and real-time information through the TRANSJATIM-AJAIB application. Overall, the evaluation shows that Trans Jatim Corridor 2 provides effective, efficient, and responsive public transport services, yet requires improvements in capacity and equitable distribution of facilities to achieve optimal service quality.

Growing life expectancy continues to shift global demographic patterns and significantly increase the proportion of older adults, thereby creating an urgent need for innovative programs that promote wellbeing, maintain functional capacity, and encourage meaningful social participation. This community service initiative aimed to strengthen both motor and cognitive function among older adults through structured and interactive board game activities designed to stimulate thinking, coordination, and social interaction. The program employed a mixed descriptive approach, utilizing interviews, direct observation, and brief assessments conducted before and after the intervention period. Cognitive status was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), while muscle strength was assessed through Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) to capture changes in physical performance. Quantitative analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between pre-test and post-test scores (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, qualitative findings demonstrated meaningful positive changes, including increased motivation, more active participation, improved emotional responsiveness, enhanced social interaction, and greater awareness of brain–body coordination among participants. These findings indicate that although short-term measurable changes were limited, board game–based activities can provide valuable psychosocial benefits. When implemented repeatedly and consistently as part of routine programs, such activities may contribute to maintaining cognitive engagement, supporting emotional wellbeing, and fostering a more active and participatory lifestyle among older adults.

This study aims to examine the influence of product innovation, digital marketing, and business networking on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with customer engagement positioned as a mediating variable. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, thirty Scopus-indexed articles published between 2020 and 2025 were analysed to synthesise theoretical and empirical insights related to SME competitiveness in contemporary digital and urban business environments. The findings indicate that product innovation, digital marketing, and business networking each play a significant role in strengthening SME competitiveness, particularly within markets characterised by rapid technological change. Customer engagement emerges as a critical mediating mechanism that connects these strategic variables to sustainable competitive advantage. It enhances the impact of innovative and digital strategies by fostering stronger emotional, behavioural, and participative interactions between SMEs and their customers. The review also highlights that SMEs adopting integrated digital management practices, such as the utilisation of human-resource information systems (HRIS) and data-driven decision-making tend to demonstrate greater adaptability, market responsiveness, and long-term performance. The study contributes theoretically by integrating resource-based and dynamic capability perspectives, offering a holistic understanding of how digital and relational capabilities interact to elevate competitiveness. Practically, the findings provide strategic guidance for policymakers, SME managers, and practitioners in designing innovation-oriented and digitally enabled initiatives that support sustainable SME growth in the digital era.

This study examines the dynamics of Buddhist religious counseling services in North Kalimantan Province in the post-pandemic period, particularly focusing on satisfaction levels and the distribution of counselors across districts. Using a quantitative approach with descriptive and correlational designs, the study involved a population of 9 Buddhist counselors and 3,993 congregants, with 98 selected respondents. Satisfaction levels were measured using the SERVQUAL framework, which evaluates service quality through five key dimensions. Findings show an overall satisfaction score of 3.65 (out of 5), categorized as “satisfied.” The highest rating was in the assurance dimension, reflecting public trust in counselor competence. However, empathy and responsiveness dimensions scored lower, especially in regions with few or no assigned counselors. A Pearson correlation analysis yielded a weak positive relationship (r = 0.214) between counselor-to-congregant ratios and satisfaction scores, emphasizing that equitable distribution is more crucial than sheer numbers. This research underscores the urgent need for needs-based distribution policies and hybrid service strategies that combine digital and in-person modalities. The results offer important policy implications, highlighting that spiritual service equity contributes to social cohesion and emotional well-being, especially in pluralistic and geographically dispersed regions.

Arabic grammar (nahwu) instruction has long been dominated by rule-based approaches that emphasize memorization and formal analysis, often resulting in rigid learning structures and limited responsiveness to learners’ cognitive diversity. While such approaches play an important role in preserving grammatical accuracy, they frequently overlook individual learning trajectories, cognitive readiness, and adaptive instructional needs. In the era of artificial intelligence (AI), language education is increasingly shaped by adaptive learning systems that personalize content, pacing, and instructional strategies based on learners’ profiles. This study aims to reconceptualize Arabic grammar instruction by proposing a conceptual framework that integrates traditional nahwu principles with adaptive learning systems informed by AI. Using a qualitative conceptual analysis, this paper synthesizes classical Arabic grammar pedagogy, contemporary theories of adaptive learning, and recent developments in AI-supported language instruction. The proposed framework highlights key components, including learner profiling, cognitive-level alignment, hierarchical nahwu content structuring, and AI-assisted scaffolding mechanisms. The findings suggest that adaptive learning systems offer significant pedagogical potential to transform nahwu instruction from a static, rule-centered model into a flexible, learner-centered process. This reconceptualization is expected to enhance grammatical comprehension, reduce cognitive overload, and promote learner autonomy in Arabic language education, particularly in Islamic higher education contexts. The study concludes by discussing pedagogical implications and directions for future empirical research on AI-assisted Arabic grammar learning.

The rapidly changing and increasingly uncertain business environment presents significant challenges for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), requiring them to adapt quickly and strategically to survive and remain competitive. This conceptual article examines the role of business models as an effective adaptation strategy for MSMEs in responding to dynamic market conditions, technological change, and shifting consumer preferences. Through a comprehensive review of various business model frameworks and dynamic capability theories, this study emphasizes that business models play a crucial role in shaping organizational flexibility and strategic responsiveness. The findings highlight that adaptable value propositions enable MSMEs to continuously align their offerings with evolving customer needs, while agile resource management allows firms to efficiently reconfigure internal and external resources. Furthermore, continuous business model innovation and renewal are identified as essential mechanisms for sustaining long-term resilience and competitiveness. The article argues that a business model should not be viewed merely as an operational or administrative tool, but rather as a core strategic mechanism that integrates strategic vision, organizational capabilities, and market orientation. By actively leveraging flexible and innovative business models, MSMEs can enhance their adaptive capacity, mitigate environmental uncertainty, and achieve sustainable competitive advantage in rapidly changing business environments.

The implementation of e-government is one of the local government's strategies in improving the quality of public services and realizing Good Governance. This study aims to analyze the implementation of e-government through the Tangerang LIVE Application as an effort to improve Good Governance in the Tangerang City Government. The research method used is a qualitative literature study approach through the search and analysis of various literature sources in the form of books, scientific journals, and official government documents related to e-government, the Tangerang LIVE Application, and the principles of Good Governance. This research analysis uses the Good Governance principles framework according to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), which includes transparency, participation, responsiveness, effectiveness and efficiency, and accountability. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Tangerang LIVE Application contributes positively to increasing public information disclosure, expanding public participation, accelerating government responses to public complaints, increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of public services, and strengthening the accountability of local government performance. However, there are several obstacles to achieving Good Governance through the Tangerang Live application and these obstacles become an evaluation of the Tangerang City government to innovate through e-government that supports the improvement of Good Governance in the Tangerang City Government. This study recommends strengthening digital literacy, improving institutional coordination, and sustainable system development to ensure optimal and inclusive e-government implementation.

Public service reform in Indonesia increasingly emphasizes inter-agency collaboration as a mechanism to enhance administrative efficiency, service integration, and responsiveness to citizens’ needs; however, in many regions, including West Kotawaringin Regency, collaborative practices remain fragmented due to uneven human resource (HR) capacities, inconsistencies in standard operating procedures (SOPs), and limited technological integration across institutions. This study aims to examine the current state of HR collaboration, identify key barriers and enabling factors, and propose an integrated and adaptive HR collaboration model to strengthen public service delivery. Using a qualitative multi-case study approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with leaders and operational staff from multiple regional government agencies and analyzed using NVivo 15 to generate thematic coding and visual tools such as word clouds, hierarchy charts, and project maps. The findings indicate that current collaboration is largely transactional and administrative, exemplified by the physical co-location of agencies at the Public Service Mall (MPP) without effective systemic interoperability. Three critical themes emerged: gaps in HR distribution, competencies, and role clarity; structural and behavioral constraints including sectoral ego, SOP discrepancies, and limited digital integration; and opportunities to enhance collaboration through shared digital dashboards, inter-agency forums, and cross-functional HR mobility. Based on these results, the study proposes a three-pillar Integrated and Adaptive HR Collaboration Model comprising comprehensive digital integration, flexible HR competency sharing, and inclusive service co-creation involving community stakeholders, offering both theoretical contributions to collaborative governance and practical guidance for regional governments seeking to improve public service effectiveness.

This study aims to examine the quality of public services at the Population and Civil Registration Office (Disdukcapil) of Pohuwato Regency using the SERVQUAL model, which comprises five dimensions: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. This research was conducted in response to persistent public complaints regarding slow service processes, long queues, limited facilities and infrastructure, network disruptions, as well as insufficient information and uncertainty concerning service completion time. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach through observation, interviews with Disdukcapil employees and community members, and documentation. The findings indicate that the quality of public services has not yet been optimal. The Tangibles dimension remains weak due to inadequate service facilities. Reliability has not been fully achieved as a result of delays in document issuance and system disruptions. Responsiveness among service officers is inconsistent in addressing public complaints. In terms of Assurance, officers demonstrate adequate professionalism; however, transparency in procedures and service timelines remains inconsistent. Meanwhile, in the Empathy dimension, attention to the community particularly vulnerable groups still needs improvement. Overall, the public services provided by Disdukcapil Pohuwato have not fully met community expectations and require improvements in facilities, staff competence, and the effectiveness of service systems.

This study evaluates the Cageur Jasa Health Service Program at the Tanah Tinggi Public Health Center in Tangerang City, which was developed as an innovation to expand access to basic healthcare services through home visits. The program aims to improve service quality, strengthen family independence in maintaining health, and support the achievement of the 12 indicators of the Indonesia Healthy Program with a Family Approach (PIS-PK). The evaluation applies William N. Dunn’s six policy evaluation criteria effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness supported by theoretical frameworks from public administration, public policy, and health service innovation. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews with informants, and secondary data analysis. The findings indicate that the program’s implementation has not fully achieved its intended objectives, as evidenced by declining service coverage, several PIS-PK indicators remaining below 50%, increasing disease findings, and the persistence of maternal and infant mortality cases. Limitations in resources, coordination, infrastructure, and suboptimal promotive and preventive efforts further hinder the program’s effectiveness. Overall, the study concludes that although Cageur Jasa contributes to improving healthcare access, its implementation at the Tanah Tinggi Public Health Center remains suboptimal and requires continuous improvement.

Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection plays a strategic role in providing legal protection for children who are victims of violence, bpth physical and psychological. The enactment of this regulation represents the state’s response to the increasing number of violence cases againts children, which necessitate a more comprehensive and child-oriented legal protection system. This law strengthens legal instruments through the recognition and protection of children’s rights, the imposition of criminal sanctions againts perpetators of violence, and th provision of recovery mechanisms for child victims. However, in practice, the implementation of the Child Protection Law continues to face various challenges, including weak law enforment, limited protection fasilities and infrastructure, and inadequate coordination among relevant institutions. These obstacles have resulted in the suboptimal realization of legal protection for child victims of violence. Therefore, the effectiveness of Child Protection Law largely depends on the responsiveness and commitment of law enforcement officials, as wekk as the synergy between the government, society, and families. Through such collaboration, optimal and sustainable child protection can be achieved.

This study examines the implementation of Good Governance principles in passport and residence permit services at Ngurah Rai Immigration Office, Bali. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research evaluates how digital transformation enhances transparency, accountability, efficiency, participation, and the rule of law in immigration services. Findings demonstrate that digital systems such as the M-Paspor application and the Integrated Residence Permit System have improved procedural transparency, reduced illegal levies, and strengthened public trust. Efficiency has increased through automation, which reduces processing times and human errors. Digital audit trails reinforce accountability by ensuring decisions are traceable and regulation-based. However, challenges exist in substantive accountability and responsiveness. Decision-making in non-standard cases lacks transparency, with limited explanation of the legal bases. Response times through formal channels such as hotlines often exceed standards due to lengthy cross-divisional coordination. Whilst digitalisation has brought significant improvements, further reforms are necessary to strengthen substantive accountability and responsiveness, thereby enhancing public trust and institutional legitimacy in accordance with good governance standards. Continuous improvements in integrated digital systems, staff training, and process streamlining remain essential for full compliance.

The Indonesian Navy Academy is a military educational institution that produces cadets to become professional and reliable Indonesian Navy officers. Cadets are required to have strong physical and mental strength to achieve responsiveness, resilience, and resilience in undergoing education, training, and upbringing. To support learning and training activities, quality food intake and service are required. Quality meal service is needed in order to increase the satisfaction of AAL cadets during meal activities in the Hadiwinarso Rds Loungeroom. For this reason, qualified Human Resources are needed to man the Hadiwinarso Rds Loungeroom, namely Cooks and Waiters in improving meal services for cadets. The researcher focused on personnel development and made it as input to optimize the cooks and waiters in the Hadwinarso Rds Loungeroom to improve meal services for cadets. In this study, the SWOT method was used to reveal internal and external factors that influence the performance of Waiters and Cooks. This study is expected to find the right optimization strategy by identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. After conducting a SWOT analysis, a strategy was obtained to optimize Waiters and Cooks with a combination strategy of Weakness-Opportunity in quadrant III. W-O strategy (supporting the Turn-Around strategy) namely the organization faces enormous opportunities, but on the other hand faces several internal obstacles/weaknesses with the focus of the strategy being to minimize internal weaknesses so that it can seize better opportunities. The results of the study show that the W-O Strategy that the author found is Strategy 1: Given training/courses according to their fields so that they can work optimally and acquire new skills, Strategy 2: Cooks and Waiters have experience in supporting protocol activities at AAL well. Working well and having experience is capital to open up opportunities for PHL to be appointed as PNS or promoted to division head/kitchen head by considering the working time and amount of experience during AAL, Strategy 3: AAL needs to have standardization in recruiting workers so that later workers are ready to be placed to work according to their fields and open up opportunities to continue improving skills/abilities through courses/training provided by AAL. Meanwhile, to standardize recruitment, researchers provide specific requirements for job applicants interested in becoming cooks and waiters at the Loungeroom at Rd. S Hadi Winarso

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the performance of the Travel Document Section at Tanjung Perak Immigration Office within the framework of Public Administration. Employing a qualitative, case-study approach, the research investigates the efficiency, effectiveness, and quality of immigration services, emphasising the application of New Public Management (NPM) principles and Good Governance practices. The findings reveal that while technological innovations such as digital systems (M-Passport and SIMKIM) have successfully improved operational efficiency and reduced physical queues, challenges persist regarding procedural transparency, accountability, and system reliability. Human errors and inconsistent discretion in handling complex documents highlight the need for enhanced capacity building and resource allocation. Moreover, issues of bureaucratic transparency and integrity undermine public trust, underscoring the importance of strengthening internal controls and communication strategies. The study also underscores that service quality is multidimensional, encompassing physical facilities, interpersonal professionalism, and procedural clarity, all of which influence public satisfaction. Despite improvements, the gap between technological efficiency and service effectiveness suggests that further efforts are needed to integrate digital innovations with robust procedural protocols. The research concludes that sustainable performance improvement requires a balanced focus on technological, human, and systemic factors, fostering a culture of transparency, accountability, and continuous development. These insights offer valuable policy recommendations to enhance the robustness and responsiveness of immigration services, ultimately strengthening the legitimacy and trust of government institutions in delivering public services.

The National Health Insurance Program (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional or JKN) is a government initiative aimed at ensuring equitable, accessible, and affordable healthcare services for all Indonesian citizens. Since its implementation in 2014, the program has covered more than 90% of the population; however, several challenges remain, particularly concerning the quality of services at primary healthcare facilities such as community health centers (puskesmas). This study aims to analyze the quality of JKN services at the Cengkareng Public Health Center, West Jakarta, using the five dimensions of service quality proposed by Parasuraman: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document analysis involving healthcare workers and JKN patients. The findings indicate that the overall service quality at Puskesmas Cengkareng remains suboptimal. The tangibles and assurance dimensions are relatively good, while reliability, responsiveness, and empathy are still lacking. Major complaints include long waiting times, poor doctor–patient communication, and unfriendly staff attitudes. These findings highlight the need for improving human resource professionalism, strengthening service management systems, and conducting periodic evaluations to enhance the overall quality and patient satisfaction among JKN participants.  

This study aims to analyze and compare the price responsiveness of broiler chicken meat and native chicken meat in relation to household consumption patterns in Tarogong Kidul District, Garut Regency. A quantitative approach was employed using simple linear regression analysis based on primary data obtained through observations and interviews conducted in traditional markets. The analysis examines the extent to which price changes influence the demand for both commodities. The results indicate that broiler chicken shows a very strong relationship between price and demand, reflected in an R² value of 0.963. Statistical testing further demonstrates that price has a significant effect on broiler chicken demand (0.018 < 0.05), indicating that its demand is elastic and highly sensitive to price fluctuations. In contrast, native chicken shows an R² value of 0.698 and an insignificant price effect on demand (0.164 > 0.05), suggesting inelastic demand that remains relatively stable despite price changes. These findings reveal that consumers adjust their broiler purchase quantities more quickly in response to price changes, whereas native chicken consumption is more strongly influenced by taste preferences and habitual factors. The study concludes that there is a clear difference in price sensitivity between the two types of chicken. The implications of this research include the need for government price stabilization policies for broiler chicken to maintain household affordability, as well as quality improvement and marketing strategies for native chicken producers to strengthen competitiveness amid changing consumer demand.

This study examines the implementation of digital health services via the Mobile JKN application at the Payung Sekaki Community Health Center in Pekanbaru City and explores factors affecting service effectiveness, especially complaints about long waiting times. Using a descriptive qualitative approach based on the Mobile Health Acceptance Model by Handayani et al. (2021), the study focuses on five constructs: ease of use, system availability, system responsiveness, health workers’ digital skills, and user trust. The results show that Mobile JKN has significantly simplified administrative processes, accelerated registration, and improved service efficiency at the health center. Effectiveness is supported by factors such as the application’s general ease of use, faster queue data processing, and adequate digital skills among staff. Users also show a high level of trust, though queue time estimation still needs improvement. Despite these benefits, complaints about long waits persist due to patients who register online but still queue manually and misunderstandings between Mobile JKN and e-Puskesmas queue numbers. Late patient arrivals also contribute to delays. Overall, Mobile JKN proves effective in enhancing digital health services, but further optimization is needed through better socialization of service procedures, accurate queue information, and improved system integration to maximize the advantages of digitalization.

This study provides an in-depth examination of the relationship between the implementation of administrative ethics and the quality of civil service performance within the framework of good governance principles in Kota Palangka Raya. Employing a qualitative–descriptive approach grounded in literature-based analysis, this research explores various empirical findings related to public service practices, bureaucratic transparency, regional asset management, and the integrity of civil servants. The analysis reveals that administrative ethics have not been fully internalized, as evidenced by persistent delays in service delivery, employee absenteeism, convoluted procedures, low responsiveness, and weak accountability and regulatory compliance. These conditions indicate a substantial gap between ideal ethical standards and actual administrative practices. The findings further confirm that core values of administrative ethics—such as integrity, discipline, responsibility, transparency, and professionalism—play a determinant role in realizing good governance principles, including transparency, effectiveness, efficiency, accountability, and the rule of law. This study asserts that strengthening administrative ethics is a strategic prerequisite for improving civil service quality and restoring public trust. The implications highlight the need for continuous capacity-building, enhanced integrity among civil servants, and strengthened oversight mechanisms to establish an equitable, accountable, and citizen-oriented system of governance.

This study examines the differences between Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and large corporations in utilizing e-commerce platforms for digital promotion, particularly through collaborations with influencers. The rapid development of digital technology has reshaped business competition and created unequal access to market opportunities, where corporations benefit from strong financial capacity, formal contractual structures, and comprehensive legal compliance, while MSMEs often struggle with limited resources, inconsistent product legality, and informal promotional arrangements. This research aims to analyze comparative practices in digital promotion between the two business scales and evaluate how regulatory frameworks support digital fairness for MSMEs within Indonesia’s e-commerce ecosystem. Using a qualitative method that combines literature review and in-depth interviews with three influencers, the study reveals significant distinctions in collaboration patterns, compensation systems, marketing flexibility, and legal assurance. The findings indicate that MSMEs exhibit higher adaptability and openness toward emerging creators, whereas corporations demonstrate stronger professionalism but lower responsiveness due to bureaucratic structures. The research further highlights persistent digital inequality shaped by differences in legal awareness, operational capacity, and marketing strategy. These findings imply the importance of enhancing MSME digital literacy, strengthening contractual governance, and improving regulatory responsiveness to ensure equitable participation in the digital market. Strengthening cooperative efforts between government, digital platforms, and influencer communities is essential for building a fairer and more inclusive e-commerce environment.