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XYZ is a manufacturing company engaged in steel pipe production. In the production process of non-American Petroleum Institute (API) steel pipes, the company still experiences various types of waste, resulting in an inefficient production process. The identified wastes include defects, waiting, transportation, and non-value-added activities, which contribute to increased production time and reduced productivity. This study aims to analyze the major wastes occurring in the non-API steel pipe production process and propose improvements using the Lean Manufacturing approach. The methods employed in this study include Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Value Stream Analysis Tools (VALSAT), Process Activity Mapping (PAM), and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Data were collected through direct observation, interviews, and documentation of the production process. The results indicate that the dominant wastes affecting the production process are defects, waiting, and transportation. PAM analysis shows that non-value-added activities remain relatively high, leading to production time inefficiencies. Based on the FMEA results, the main causes of waste are machine conditions, work methods, and operator skills. Proposed improvements include periodic machine maintenance, production quality control, work method improvement, and the optimization of material flow.

The problem of household waste in Kalanganyar Village, Sedati District, Sidoarjo Regency, is increasing along with population growth, while residents' knowledge about waste sorting is still minimal and processing facilities are limited. This community service program aims to increase awareness and cleanliving behavior through education and mentoring on household waste processing based on the 3R concept (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). This activity adopts an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach that focuses on mapping and utilizing local potential, such as health cadres, youth organizations, the spirit of mutual cooperation, and the availability of potential land. The implementation methods include appreciative inquiry, focus group discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews with the Head of the Sopo Nyongko TPS and community leaders, participatory observation, and practical mentoring for housewives, youth organizations, and TPS managers on February 9. The results of the activity showed an increase in residents' understanding of PHBS and waste management, indicated by the enthusiasm of participants during the educational session. The program also successfully activated local agents of change: youth groups began implementing inorganic waste recycling, and health cadres designed a home-based waste sorting system.

This study aims to identify and minimize waste in the process of procuring Food & Beverage raw materials at Hotel PXY Jasa Bali using the Lean Inventory Management approach. Observations over one month showed that the total procurement cost reached 47% of the total revenue, exceeding the ideal limit of 35%. One of the main causes is the inefficient and lack of synchronization between divisions in the Rhapsody platform, which causes waste in the form of defects, delays, over-processing, and transportation. This study uses the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) method to map actual conditions and Process Activity Mapping (PAM) to identify the type of activity based on the waste category. In addition, root cause analysis is carried out using the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) approach. The mapping results showed that out of the total lead time of 598.44 minutes, only 278.49 minutes or 46.54% were value-added activities. This finding indicates that the procurement process is not yet efficient and needs optimization. Several recommendations were given to minimize waste, such as clearer division of tasks, improved communication with vendors, and the procurement of supporting facilities to reduce physical movement between divisions. The implementation of this lean service is expected to be able to increase the efficiency of the logistics process and reduce the company's overall operational costs.

This community service program was implemented to address the problem of the low quality of students' Quran reading at TPQ Al-Litfilah Nur, Situhiang Village, which was caused by the lack of implementation of a structured and sustainable tahsin learning method. This activity aims to improve students' Quran reading skills through training and mentoring using the Tilawati method combined with the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, so that the potential and resources of the community can be optimized. The program was implemented in stages, including mapping the initial conditions of students' and teachers' abilities, training TPQ teachers on the principles and techniques of the Tilawati method, mentoring the learning process in a classical and individual manner, and evaluating the development of students' reading skills. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in the accuracy of makhraj, the application of basic tajwid, and the fluency of students' Quran reading. In addition, TPQ teachers experienced an increase in pedagogical competence and were able to apply the Tilawati method independently in teaching and learning activities. These findings indicate that strengthening community assets through targeted and participatory training can create meaningful and sustainable changes in improving the quality of Qur'an learning at the TPQ level.

Business expansion is a strategic step undertaken by companies to increase profitability while broadening their market reach. Hoka Hoka Bento (HokBen) is one of the companies that consistently implements this strategy. This study aims to identify potential locations for new HokBen outlets in Depok City by utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis. Several parameters were considered, including proximity to commercial and entertainment centers, competitors, educational facilities, public facilities, road networks, population density, banking services, hotels, offices, residential areas, hospitals, existing stores, and places of worship. The analysis was conducted using Euclidean Distance, Buffering, Reclassification, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the priority weights of each criterion. These weights were then integrated through the Weighted Overlay technique to produce a location suitability map. The findings reveal that the most influential factors are commercial and entertainment buildings (0.101), road networks (0.099), and educational facilities (0.092). The resulting suitability map highlights potential areas across Depok City, particularly in zones close to community activity centers. The results demonstrate that GIS-based multicriteria analysis is effective for mapping location suitability and identifying strategic zones for expansion. Therefore, this research contributes to supporting the company’s strategic decision-making through data-driven approaches while also enriching the academic field of business geography and urban planning. In addition, the outcomes can be applied as a reference model for other fast-food chains or retail industries planning spatially optimized expansion strategies in highly competitive urban environments.

Through the Field Work Lecture (KKL) program at PT Yakult Indonesia Persada, this community service activity was carried out with the aim of providing practical experience for students related to the implementation of Human Capital Management (HCM) in the industrial world. This program not only aims to provide theoretical insight, but also introduces students to the application of important concepts in human resource management in companies. The focus of the activity covers various aspects, such as the recruitment process, training programs and career development, and the reward system implemented at PT Yakult. This activity also provides an understanding of the important role of HCM in improving company performance through effective employee management. The results of the activity show that PT Yakult has developed a continuous training pattern aimed at improving employee competencies as a whole. In addition, the company also conducts employee talent mapping that allows for a systematic career path, which provides development opportunities for each individual within the company. The benefits obtained by students from this activity are not only increased knowledge of HCM, but also strengthened analytical skills, developed professional attitudes, and preparedness to face challenges in an increasingly dynamic workplace. Therefore, this KKL program is a very important tool for building stronger synergy between universities and the industrial world, so that students can be better prepared and competent in facing the ever-growing needs of industry.

Through the Field Work Lecture (KKL) program at PT Yakult Indonesia Persada, this community service activity was carried out with the aim of providing practical experience for students related to the implementation of Human Capital Management (HCM) in the industrial world. This program not only aims to provide theoretical insight, but also introduces students to the application of important concepts in human resource management in companies. The focus of the activity covers various aspects, such as the recruitment process, training programs and career development, and the reward system implemented at PT Yakult. This activity also provides an understanding of the important role of HCM in improving company performance through effective employee management. The results of the activity show that PT Yakult has developed a continuous training pattern aimed at improving employee competencies as a whole. In addition, the company also conducts employee talent mapping that allows for a systematic career path, which provides development opportunities for each individual within the company. The benefits obtained by students from this activity are not only increased knowledge of HCM, but also strengthened analytical skills, developed professional attitudes, and preparedness to face challenges in an increasingly dynamic workplace. Therefore, this KKL program is a very important tool for building stronger synergy between universities and the industrial world, so that students can be better prepared and competent in facing the ever-growing needs of industry.

The production process of graphite glass at ABC faces challenges in the form of waste that has an impact on low operational efficiency. Waste in production activities can affect the quality, cost, and timeliness of product completion. This study aims to identify the most dominant types of waste and provide relevant improvement recommendations to improve production efficiency. The method used is Value Stream Mapping (VSM), a visual approach that maps the flow of the production process from raw materials to final products. The research stage is carried out through direct observation on the production floor, time study, interviews with employees, and documentation of production activities. The results of the analysis show that the most dominant form of waste is overprocessing, which is a repetitive activity that does not add value to the product. This causes longer production cycle times and reduces the effectiveness of resource use. To overcome this, this study provides several recommendations, including: combining production processes that have similar functions, redesigning workflows to make them more concise, and eliminating activities that do not provide added value. The implementation of this improvement has proven to be effective by increasing the Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) value from 45% to 67%. The increase in PCE reflects that the production process has become more efficient, the workflow is smoother, and the rate of waste has decreased significantly. In addition, the results of this study also confirm that the application of the VSM method can be a strategic solution in identifying sources of inefficiency, designing continuous improvements, and increasing the competitiveness of companies. Thus, the company is expected to continue to evaluate, control, innovate, and improve technology so that efficiency achievements can be maintained, expanded, and improved consistently and sustainably in the future.

This study aims to analyze hazard identification in order to improve operational safety aspects in the service road area of I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, Bali. This area is a vital part of the airside that has a high level of activity and complex safety risks, thus requiring special attention to potential hazards that may arise. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques through direct observation in the field, in-depth interviews with related personnel, and documentation studies relevant to the airport's safety system and operational procedures. The results of the study indicate that there are still significant potential safety risks in the service road area. Some key findings include haphazard parking practices by Ground Support Equipment (GSE), undisciplined behavior of ground handling personnel, and passenger movement in the operational area without adequate officer supervision. These problems are largely caused by weak supervision from the Apron Movement Control (AMC) unit, as well as the low level of understanding and implementation of safety culture among field workers. Through the process of identifying and assessing risks using the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) approach, researchers succeeded in mapping the severity of risks and developing appropriate mitigation measures, such as regulating GSE parking procedures, improving safety training, and adding supervisory personnel at vulnerable points. It is hoped that the findings of this study can be a basis for consideration for the management of I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, Bali, in formulating policies and strategies for improving operational safety as a whole, especially in implementing a more effective and sustainable Safety Management Sistem (SMS).  

Crime represents unlawful acts contrary to societal norms. In 2021, Jayapura City experienced a high number of criminal cases, predominantly involving crimes against property and goods. This study maps the distribution of crime rates and identifies contributing factors in Jayapura City using the K-Means Clustering and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods. K-Means Clustering analysis revealed five crime levels: high, relatively high, moderate, quite low, and low. North Jayapura District exhibited the highest crime rates among all districts, with Gurabesi Village similarly showing elevated criminal activity. The clustering results were subsequently mapped to visualize the spatial distribution patterns of crime. AHP analysis identified economic factors and low educational attainment as primary contributors to criminal behavior in Jayapura City. Among various intervention alternatives, job creation emerged as the most effective strategy, achieving the highest comparative value for simultaneously improving educational quality and security conditions. These findings provide crucial insights for law enforcement agencies and policymakers to develop targeted crime prevention strategies, focusing on economic development and educational improvement in high-risk areas, particularly North Jayapura District and Gurabesi Village.

Improving students' Biology learning outcomes is a major challenge in the learning process in high school, especially when the material taught is abstract and complex, such as the human digestive system. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Problem-Based learning model assisted by mind mapping in improving the learning outcomes and activities of grade XI students of SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. This research is a Classroom Action Research conducted in two cycles, each consisting of two meetings. Each cycle involves planning, action execution, observation, and reflection activities, with data collection through observation, testing, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in learning activities and student learning outcomes. The average learning activity increased from 54.6% in the first cycle to 81% in the second cycle, while the percentage of completeness of learning outcomes increased from 59% to 88%. This increase is influenced by the active involvement of students in group discussions, visualisation of concepts through mind mapping, and the role of teachers as facilitators in problem-based learning. These findings indicate that the integration of the Problem-Based model with mind mapping is effective in building critical thinking skills, improving concept understanding, and encouraging active student participation. The implications of this study show the importance of implementing innovative learning strategies to improve the quality of Biology learning in secondary schools.

This article discusses the implementation of negotiation strategies and lobbying techniques as participatory communication approaches in the context of community service in Parigi Village, Cikande Sub-district, Serang City. Through intensive community organizing, this activity aims to strengthen the capacity of residents in facing the challenges of cross-interest communication and collaboration, especially in terms of policy advocacy and local resource management. The service subjects consisted of local community groups who had been less involved in the decision-making process at the village level. The service process is carried out through several stages, starting from joint problem mapping, training in negotiation and lobbying techniques, to the preparation of collaborative action plans that involve active participation of residents. The findings from this activity show that interest-based negotiation and ethical lobbying can strengthen the community's bargaining position towards external actors such as the government and local stakeholders. The dynamics of the activity also resulted in initial social changes, such as the formation of an internal advocacy group, increased participation in public forums, and the emergence of collective awareness of the importance of strategic communication.

E-Learning becomes a platform which supports technology-based learning on many aspects. The usage of E-Learning becomes the main choice especially in education world. SMK TI Bali Global Jimbaran, which is a middle level vocational school, utilizes this platform in its learning process. In its implementation process, there needs to be a precise and thorough supervision to ensure that the system runs according to business goals. This mapping is conducted to know the process used for measurements. This mapping is done by framework with COBIT 5 by applying PAM (Process Assessment Model), which is adjusted with the condition on research place. The activity measurement are derived from several domains on COBIT 5 with mapping process based on the business goals and institution goals. The domains used are EDM03, AP003, BAI07, DSS05 and MEA01. The results of governance measurement process on current capability level is on level 4 (predicable process) and the expected capability level is on level 5 (Optimizing Process) which has gap value of 2 level.

The coastline changes from time to time in line with natural changes such as wave activity, and sediment. This study aims to determine the changes in coastline on the coast of Pati Regency in 2015-2024. The research method utilises Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing technology by taking Landsat-8 satellite image data processed using ArcGis application then calculated using Haversin Formula and Euclidean Distance calculation. The results showed that the largest shoreline change was found in transect 3 located in Dukuhseti Subdistrict, Kembang Village with a value of 453.92 metres within 10 years and the smallest shoreline change value occurred in transect 8 located in Tayu Subdistrict, Tunggulsari Village with a change value of 2.41 metres within 10 years.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are business activities that are able to expand employment opportunities, provide broad economic services to the community, play a role in the process of equalizing and increasing community income, encourage economic growth, and play a role in realizing national stability. MSMEs are very important in implementing and maintaining productive and healthy performance. One of those who need an adaptation plan is MSME Goks which is located on Jl. Aru No. 13, Lubuk Begalung Nan XX, Padang City, West Sumatra, 25221. Goks is an ice cream business that offers attractive promotions and has a very affordable price factor. This community service activity begins with surveys and interviews, mapping and identifying problems, formulating solutions, and implementing mentoring activities. The impact of this activity is the expansion of product marketing and business development of Goks Padang MSME actors.    

UMKM Roti Bakar Azhari adalah UMKM yang bergerak pada bidang industri makanan dalam pembuatan roti tawar yang terletak di Rejowinangun, Kota Gede, Yogyakarta. Permasalahan kurang efektif dan efisien dalam proses produksi masih terjadi pada UMKM Roti Bakar Azhari. Terdapat 56 aktivitas produksi pada UMKM Roti Bakar Azhari, Ada beberapa aktivitas yang dapat berfungsi sebagai penyebab utama pemborosan, seperti, transportasi, motion dan delay. Oleh karena itu, penelitian dilakukan untuk mengurangi pemborosan. Value Stream Mapping dan Process Activity Mapping. Metode tersebut dapat memetakan aliran proses produksi yang nantinya menghasilkan current value stream mapping dan process activity mapping untuk mengkategorikan jenis aktivitas produksi, kemudian telah dilakukan upaya untuk mengurangi pemborosan yang menghasilkan future value stream mapping. Mengurangi jumlah waktu yang dihabiskan untuk aktivitas adalah perbaikan yang dilakukan A1,A2,A7,A11,A15,B2,C1,C6 dan D1 untuk aktivitas yang dilakukan penyesuaian aktivitas C12 dan C15, adapun aktivitas yang dihilangkan yaitu aktivitas A3 dengan total waktu yang sebelumnya 7819,6006 detik menjadi 7511,121 detik.

UMKM Roti Bakar Azhari adalah UMKM yang bergerak pada bidang industri makanan dalam pembuatan roti tawar yang terletak di Rejowinangun, Kota Gede, Yogyakarta. Permasalahan kurang efektif dan efisien dalam proses produksi masih terjadi pada UMKM Roti Bakar Azhari. Terdapat 56 aktivitas produksi pada UMKM Roti Bakar Azhari, Ada beberapa aktivitas yang dapat berfungsi sebagai penyebab utama pemborosan, seperti, transportasi, motion dan delay. Oleh karena itu, penelitian dilakukan untuk mengurangi pemborosan. Value Stream Mapping dan Process Activity Mapping. Metode tersebut dapat memetakan aliran proses produksi yang nantinya menghasilkan current value stream mapping dan process activity mapping untuk mengkategorikan jenis aktivitas produksi, kemudian telah dilakukan upaya untuk mengurangi pemborosan yang menghasilkan future value stream mapping. Mengurangi jumlah waktu yang dihabiskan untuk aktivitas adalah perbaikan yang dilakukan A1,A2,A7,A11,A15,B2,C1,C6 dan D1 untuk aktivitas yang dilakukan penyesuaian aktivitas C12 dan C15, adapun aktivitas yang dihilangkan yaitu aktivitas A3 dengan total waktu yang sebelumnya 7819,6006 detik menjadi 7511,121 detik.

Currently, providing halal certification for a product has become a necessity. Consumers are now more careful when choosing halal-certified products before consuming them. In Jumputrejo Village, Sukodono District, Sidoarjo Regency, there are a number of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that have not obtained halal certification. Therefore, the KKN team from Sunan Giri University Surabaya has held a seminar on Increasing MSME Turnover through Halal Certification, with the aim that local MSMEs can obtain halal certification. The process of implementing this seminar consists of three stages, namely (1) planning, which involves mapping the problem; (2) finding solutions to the problem; and (3) coordination with MSME partners. The implementation of the seminar on turnover development through halal certification was carried out using the method of delivering material and question and answer sessions. The results of this activity show that MSME partners who attended the seminar showed enthusiasm in asking questions related to halal products, the benefits of halal-labeled products, and the procedures for receiving halal certification.

CV Dafista Mulia is a drinking water producer company located in Lamongan Regency. The problem that is often faced by companies is the amount of waste that occurs in the process of producing bottled drinking water. The most critical percentage of waste in the bottled water production process (AMDK) is waste overproduction with a weighting percentage of 25.4%; waste defet with a weighting percentage of 16.2%; waste inventory with a weighting percentage of 14.9%; waste unnecessary motion with a weighting percentage of 14.1%; waste transportation with a weighting percentage of 11.7%; waste waiting with a weighting percentage of 9%; and waste excess processing with a weighting percentage of 8.7%. The initial activity time before the repair was 466 minutes (7 Hours 46 Minutes) and after the repair was reduced to 416 minutes (6 Hours 51 Minutes). Based on the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), it is known that the root cause of the problem with the highest waste is Overproduction, namely production planning that is not quite right with a Risk Priority Number (RPN) score of 396. Recommendations for improvements that can be proposed are to carry out production planning using data - historical data that exists and is adjusted to balance the purchasing of raw materials with orders from consumers so that the results of the Overproduction can become a safety stock so that the Overproduction can function in the next consumer order.

: Cupak Village is a village that has tremendous potential that can be developed. In addition to the cool air, there are several potentials, including (1) religious tourism at Dewi Kilisuci's hermitage site, (2) Sendang Widodaren, Sendang Drajad, and Mount Pucangan; (3) Agricultural tourism which produces Porang as a flour ingredient, Gadung for chips, Corn as food security; (4) accompanied by the manufacture of handicrafts from local raw materials such as woven pandanus. (5) Production of charcoal which can be developed into Carkol as an export commodity. (6) Camping ground. However, the problem faced is the lack of awareness of local residents in the use of tourism. Cupak Village also has abundant agricultural income but its income level can still be developed through socialization so it is hoped that this activity can immediately encourage tourism in Cupak Village and it is hoped that it can also increase Cupak Village's agricultural income. The purpose of this activity is to get an overview of the qualifications of Cupak Village Human Resources in utilizing tourism potential, processing agricultural products, managing businesses, and overcoming existing problems. To determine activities in HR development that will be carried out appropriately based on the results of HR mapping Cupak Village, Potential, Tourism, Religion, Development