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This study aims to identify the pragmatic failures of Large Language Models (LLMs) and the biases of Anglophone-based AI moderation algorithms in detecting Indonesian hate speech expressed through sarcasm, satire, euphemism, and local cultural metaphors. It also examines the extent to which AI systems understand and interpret the pragmatic meanings within the corpus. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach with a comparative design. Data were collected through the documentation of hate speech expressions on social media containing elements of local cultural hatred. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods with pragmatic and thematic approaches. The findings show that all corpus data contain political satire and indirect hate expressed through irony, sarcasm, absurd metaphors, and popular culture wordplay. Testing with Claude AI showed that the system was capable of identifying the data as implicit criticism and recognizing the pragmatic functions of emoticons and contextual meanings in the utterances. However, the analysis also demonstrated limitations in understanding local sociocultural contexts, particularly the metaphors “daun nangka” and “daun sawit,” which were interpreted merely as absurd humor. These findings indicate that AI detection accuracy does not necessarily reflect a deep pragmatic and cultural understanding within the Indonesian context.

This study aims to identify and determine the conversational implicatures that arise in the comment section of Instagram @kementeriankegelapan, which discusses the issue of poisoning related to the “Makanan Bergizi Gratis” (Free Nutritious Food) program. The research method used is qualitative with a pragmatic approach, which not only examines the surface meaning but also considers the context of the utterances. The theory applied in this study is the theory of implicature, specifically conversational implicatures. The data were obtained from the comment section of Instagram @kementeriankegelapan on posts concerning the poisoning issue of MBG (Free Nutritious Food). Data collection was conducted using the listening method (Simak) and the advanced technique of listening-without-participating in speech (simak libat bebas cakap). Data analysis used the referential identity method (padan referensial) with the advanced technique of selecting defining elements (pilah unsur penentu). The findings show that there are eight pieces of data in the form of conversations, each containing an idea or topic that specifically responds to the satirical post uploaded on the @kementeriankegelapan account regarding the MBG food-poisoning issue. The topics include: Azab (punishment), Tunggangan di Akhirat (conveyance/punishment in the afterlife), shouting “Long live Jokowi!”, MBG as a way to alleviate poverty, color codes, preventing fights/gang fights, maggots, and “licking”/being servile. Each of these topics has its own implicature.

This study analyzes pragmatic phenomena in digital communication, particularly those related to speech acts and their impact on public perception in the controversial case of an ice cube seller accused without clear basis by the authorities. This study applies a qualitative approach with a pragmatic analysis method based on discourse analysis. Data sources were obtained from online media news, social media posts, and official statements circulating in the digital public space. The analysis techniques used include identifying types of speech acts, interpreting implied meanings based on context, and analyzing public responses. The results show that statements from the authorities contain implications that trigger negative views even though they are not supported by strong evidence. This results in perlocutionary effects in the form of social stigma, reputational damage, and psychological stress for the victim. Conversely, the victim's communication strategies, which include being polite, defensive, and informative, can build a positive image and attract public sympathy. Furthermore, social media plays a crucial role in accelerating the spread of meaning and strengthening the construction of opinions through mass support and criticism. This research makes a significant contribution to enriching the study of pragmatics in the context of digital communication and emphasizes the importance of language ethics, media literacy, and pragmatic awareness in creating responsible public communication.

This research aims to describe the forms and functions of representative speech acts found in the YouTube video “The Basic Concept of Understanding Humans” by Cania Citta. The study arises from the phenomenon of digital communication, which demonstrates a shift in speech patterns from merely delivering information to constructing intellectual discourse that is both reflective and argumentative. A descriptive qualitative method with a pragmatic approach was employed. The data, consisting of representative utterances, were collected through observation and note-taking techniques on video transcripts, then analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model, which involves data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the dominant representative speech acts include stating, explaining, reporting, concluding, and speculating. Each utterance functions not only to convey information but also to build rational argumentation and foster critical awareness among audiences regarding the concept of humanity. Illocutionarily, these utterances perform informative, argumentative, and reflective functions, emphasizing the speaker’s epistemic responsibility toward the truth of the propositions delivered. The perlocutionary effects include an increased interest and heightened critical awareness among audiences concerning philosophical issues about human nature. This study contributes to the development of pragmatic studies, particularly in understanding the role of language as an instrument of knowledge and persuasion in digital media.

Education is important because it provides knowledge and skills that are essential for self-development, character building, improving people's lives, and contributing to the progress of the nation and state. YouTube is a platform used by many people for entertainment and to relieve boredom. YouTube also offers a wide variety of videos and content, ranging from video blogs, entertainment videos, music, to educational videos. Pragmatics is a study that focuses more on what the speaker wants to convey through their speech, not just studying the meaning of words or phrases separately. In pragmatics, there are several terms of speech act analysis, implicature, deictics, presupposition, and politeness. In this study, the researcher analyzed the pragmatics of deictics. The research is titled “Pragmatic Deixis in the Booklist Playlist on Maudy Ayunda's YouTube Channel.” The researcher found three types of deixis, including 163 instances of personal deixis, 5 instances of place deixis, and 2 instances of time deixis. The research method used was qualitative description.

This research analyzes the speech acts used by the student community at Universitas Negeri Medan in both academic and social interactions. Speech acts are the smallest components in communication that determine the meaning or intention of an utterance as conveyed by the speaker in accordance with a specific context or condition. The communication context consists of social contexts, which refer to the relationship between the speaker and the interlocutor. The purpose of this study is to identify the forms, principles, implicatures, deixis, and how various communication contexts influence the choice of speech acts and linguistic politeness. The methodology employed in this study combines methodological and theoretical approaches. The methodological approach is descriptive qualitative, while the theoretical approach applies pragmatic perspectives supported by literature review. The research methods include observation, interviews, audio recordings, transcription, and literature study by analyzing relevant sources. The findings reveal that in social interactions, students more frequently employ expressive and commissive speech acts to build and express emotions. Factors influencing this include situational context, the impact of media and technology, relationships with interlocutors, and cultural background. The study concludes that understanding speech acts is crucial for improving communication effectiveness among students in both academic and social settings. The implications of this research can be applied to the development of better communication strategies in educational environments and to enhance students’ awareness of polite and contextually appropriate language use.

The purpose of this study is to describe directive speech acts in the novel Rumah Untuk Alie by Lenn Liu. The research method is descriptive, a form of qualitative research, then the research setting is anywhere because it is descriptive qualitative, the research data is in the form of words, phrases, and sentences containing directive speech acts in the novel Rumah Untuk Alie by Lenn Liu, namely how are the directive speech acts of commanding, directive speech acts of begging, and directive speech acts of asking. The data source is the novel Rumah Untuk Alie by Lenn Liu which was published on February 27, 2024 with a thickness of 262 pages published by Tekad, Depok. The researcher used a documentary study technique. The data collection tool used by the researcher in this study was the researcher himself. The technique for checking the validity of the researcher's data used Triangulation, namely theory triangulation. The data found in this study amounted to 62 data, which included 21 commanding data, 17 begging data, and 24 requesting data.

This study aims to examine the principle of cooperation in pragmatic analysis based on Grice's theory as applied in the Indonesian comedy show Lapor Pak! broadcast on Trans7. The focus of the research is on the violations of the maxims of quantity, quality, relevance, and manner as performed by characters such as Andika, Surya, Vincent, Wendy, and Kiki. These violations are analyzed as strategic communicative acts intended to generate humor. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method with listening and note-taking techniques applied to purposively selected dialogue transcripts. The findings reveal that the deliberate violations of Grice’s maxims function not as communicative failures, but as rhetorical and pragmatic tools that enhance comedic effect, deliver subtle social criticism, and strengthen character portrayal. Therefore, in the context of entertainment discourse, violating cooperative principles serves as an effective and purposeful pragmatic strategy.

Literary works are a medium to convey messages and values of life through unique language. One form of literary work is a short story that can be studied through a pragmatic approach. This study aims to examine the types of speech acts in the short story Batu di Pekarangan Rumah by Sapardi Djoko Damono. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The data were obtained through reading and recording techniques, then analyzed based on the classification of speech acts, namely question, statement, and expressive speech acts. The results show that the main character's speech in this short story contains many questioning and expressive speech acts that reflect the emotional closeness between the character “I” and the stone that is the object of his childhood memories. The speech acts not only show the function of communication, but also imply a deep meaning of loneliness, loss, and nostalgia. This research is expected to contribute to the study of pragmatics in the analysis of literary works, especially short stories.  

This study explores the politeness strategies used in netizens’ comments on the policy of disbursing regional ASN teacher allowances across three social media platforms: Facebook, TikTok, and Instagram. The research is grounded in the growing phenomenon of public opinion expression in digital spaces, which often reflects varying levels of language politeness. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of politeness strategies used, examine the differences between platforms, and uncover the influencing factors. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the study applies Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory. Data were collected from user comments on a speech by President Prabowo Subianto regarding ASN teacher allowance distribution. The findings indicate that negative politeness and impoliteness strategies dominate across all platforms, with varying patterns. Facebook and TikTok featured more direct and sarcastic comments, while Instagram tended to display more indirect and polite expressions. Influencing factors include platform characteristics, the content of the speech, and the personal experiences of users. These findings contribute to digital pragmatics studies and offer practical insights for promoting ethical communication on social media.

This study aims to analyze the pragmatic aspects and persuasive strategies in a public service advertisement entitled "Throw Trash in Its Place. The Earth is Not Your Trash Can." This study uses a pragmatic approach with a focus on the theory of speech acts, implicature, deixis, and politeness of language to reveal how to convey messages effectively and persuasively in the context of public communication. The advertisement is analyzed as a form of directive communication that aims to encourage changes in people's behavior towards issues of cleanliness and environmental concern. The results of the analysis show that this advertisement utilizes strong but polite directive speech acts, normative implicatures to instill values, the use of personal deixis to build closeness with the audience, and positive and negative politeness strategies to maintain social relations. Thus, advertisements not only function as a medium for conveying information, but also as an instrument for forming collective awareness through a communicative approach that is contextual, efficient, and emotionally and rationally appealing to its audience.  

This study analyzes the pragmatic aspects in the subtitle translation of Mean Girls (2004) from English to Indonesian, focusing on speech acts, implicatures, and politeness strategies. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through observation and recording of film dialogues, then analyzed based on pragmatic theory. The results show that the functions and intentions of speech acts are generally maintained in the translation, although there is a softening of intensity or nuance to fit the norms of Indonesian politeness. In terms of implicature, there is a shift or loss of implied meaning, especially in expressions of humor, irony, and cultural idioms that are difficult to translate directly. Politeness strategies in the original version that tend to be frontal and explicit are often mitigated in translation to conform to Indonesian communication norms that prioritize social harmony. The findings emphasize the importance of cultural sensitivity and pragmatic context understanding in audiovisual translation to effectively convey the meaning and nuances of intercultural communication.  

The purpose of this study is to determine the maxims of politeness of language used when communicating with lecturers via WhatsApp. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach method, data collection techniques, namely interviews and observations, other supporting data, namely screenshots of WhatsApp chats of students and lecturers. And using the word "sorry" to respect the interlocutor, sorry for disturbing his time, or disturbing his comfort, in the maxim of wisdom the speaker shows respect for the interlocutor, the maxim of appreciation shows respect for the opinion of the interlocutor, the maxim of generosity shows responsibility, the maxim of simplicity shows the humility and humility of the speaker, the maxim of agreement shows an agreement between lecturers and students, the maxim of sympathy, shows respect and sympathy for the interlocutor. Violation of politeness maxim of tact Hari senin bisa saya bimbingan ngga bun the speaker does not give a choice. A speaker's consensus maxim is unable to prepare himself in forming an agreement.

This study aims to examine the application and deviation of conversational maxims in Grice's cooperative theory in the podcast "Sule and Rizwan". This podcast was chosen because it presents interactions full of humor, spontaneity, and communication dynamics that are interesting to study pragmatically. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with listening and note-taking techniques as data collection instruments. Data in the form of utterances containing maxims of quantity, quality, relevance, and method are analyzed based on Grice's cooperative principle. The results of the study show that the speakers in this podcast consciously or unconsciously apply the four Grice maxims, but also often deviate from them for the purpose of humor, satire, or dramatic effect. These deviations do not interfere with communication, but rather enrich the meaning and strengthen the appeal of the conversation. These findings indicate that violation of maxims in the context of entertainment is not a form of communication failure, but rather an effective pragmatic strategy.

This study aims to examine the urgency of mastering pragmatics for elementary school students in improving language skills. Pragmatics is a branch of linguistics that studies the use of language in social contexts and its influence on effective communication. This study is important because good pragmatics skills can help students communicate appropriately and effectively according to the social context. The method used is a literature review of various relevant sources regarding pragmatics and its application in language learning in elementary schools. The results of the study show that mastery of pragmatics has an important role for elementary school students, including: (1) improving the ability to communicate effectively and according to context; (2) developing social skills in interaction; (3) helping to understand the implied meaning in oral and writtencommunication; (4) improving the ability to interpret text comprehensively; and (5) being the foundation for the development of critical literacy. The implementation of pragmatics learning in elementary schools can be done through various approaches, such as contextual learning, role play, simple conversation analysis, and project-based learning. This study recommends the need to integrate pragmatics aspects in the Indonesian language learning curriculum in elementary schools to prepare students to become effective communicators in various social contexts.

This study examines the dynamics of speech acts in the H. POD Channel podcast that presents LGBT couples as speakers. The background of the research is based on the role of pragmatics in understanding the meaning of speech and the function of podcasts as a dialogic medium for sensitive issues. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of speech acts that appear and analyze the language strategies of the LGBT community in identity negotiation. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach; primary data in the form of podcast episode transcripts are analyzed using Austin and Searle's speech act theory, as well as secondary data from pragmatics literature. The results of the study show that assertive speech acts are most dominant, followed by expressive, directive, and commissive, which reflect the conveyance of facts, expression of feelings, invitation, and commitment. Language use also displays identity negotiation and responses to heteronormative norms. This study concludes that the pragmatics approach is effective in revealing the dynamics of communication and identity construction in digital public spaces.

This study analyzes President Prabowo's speech acts in an interview with six journalists and editors-in-chief on the program "Presiden Prabowo Answers" on Najwa Shihab's YouTube channel. Using a pragmatic approach and qualitative descriptive methods, this study identifies three types of speech acts: locution, illocution, and perlocution. The results show that Prabowo not only conveys information, but also inserts certain intentions and shapes public perception through a strategic speech style. This finding confirms that language in political communication plays an important role in building an image and influencing the audience.

Language plays a crucial role in everyday life as a tool for communication, not only conveying information but also expressing deeper meanings, especially those that are implicit. One of the relevant fields of study to understand these implied meanings is pragmatics. In this context, the Gospel of Matthew, particularly the parable of the sower in Matthew 13:1-23, becomes an intriguing object of analysis because it contains spiritual and moral teachings that are relevant to modern life. This research adopts a qualitative approach with a literature study to explore the implicit meaning within this parable. Matthew 13:1-23 illustrates various human responses to God's word through the analogy of seed sowing, involving four types of soil as symbols of the condition of the human heart. This study also examines the parable of Jesus in the social and cultural context of His time, as well as its implications within pragmatics, which emphasizes the importance of context and the listener's attitude in understanding the message being conveyed. The research findings suggest that the parable of the sower not only portrays the spiritual condition of individuals but also reflects the challenges faced by society in accepting the teachings of Christ. Through a pragmatic analysis, a deeper meaning of this parable can be understood, offering insights for moral and spiritual life today. This study is expected to provide a more comprehensive understanding of Jesus' teachings and their relevance in contemporary life.

This study aims to describe the functions and forms of commissive speech acts used by vendors at Induk Cureh Market, Bireuen Regency. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The data consist of excerpts from the speech between vendors and buyers that contain commissive speech acts. The data source for this research is the vendors at Induk Cureh Market, Bireuen Regency. Data collection techniques included observation, recording, and notetaking. Based on the findings, 43 instances of commissive speech acts were identified. The functions of these commissive speech acts are divided into three categories: (1) promising, found in 8 instances; (2) offering, found in 30 instances; and (3) vowing, with 5 instances.

Pragmatics can generally be defined as the study of language use in context. This means that someone can be said to have pragmatic skills if they can use language in context appropriately. The students who are currently studying at SMA Fonts Vitae 1 Jakarta are teenagers who are included in the Alpha generation. The Alpha generation's exposure to English and technology makes them quickly rich in information. Therefore, providing English language skills, especially pragmatic skills to the Alpha generation, is very important. This pragmatic skill is important to be taught to students in Indonesia so that they can negotiate with partners from abroad, and welcome foreign tourists without misunderstanding. In the 'Community Service' (ABDIMAS) activity that featured the writer, the presentation and training on negotiation took place at SMA Fonts Vitae 1, Jakarta. The results of the activity showed that the participants were fluent in conversing in English (fluent), but in the negotiation stage participants still experienced obstacles in the crunch time phase. Participants needed time to reach an agreement because the negotiations they conducted focused on the goal of 'defeating' the opponent's argument. Thus, it is important for teachers not only to focus on fluency in speaking but also to train sensitivity to be able to reach a mutual agreement.