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Students who silmutaneously work and study often face dual responsibilities that require careful planning of their time between job duties and academic obligations. This scenario can influence academic perfomance, highlighting the importance of effective time management for optimal study outcomes. The present study investigates the influence of study time management on the academic perfomance of working student. A quantitative research method with a correlational design was employed, the study sampled 108 working the sample consisted of students selected via puposive sampling. Data were collected via an online questionnaire consisting of 12 items and acdemic achievment was measured using the responden semester grade point average (GPA). To ensure the instrument was reliable Cronbach’s alpha was calculated, resulting in a value of 0.607, indicating acceptable consistency. Analysis using sample linear regression in spss revealed that study time management significantly and positively affects academic perfomance (p=0.012<0.05). Study time management explains approximately 5.9% of the variance in academic achievement, as indicated by an (R²) of 0.059. whereas the remaining 94.1% is determined by other influences.

Antimicrobial resistance is a persistent threat to hospital care, particularly when empirical therapy relies on broad-spectrum antibiotics without continuous evaluation of local use and susceptibility patterns. This literature review aimed to synthesize evidence from four Indonesian hospital-based studies regarding antibiotic utilization, rationality assessment, and bacterial resistance profiles. A structured narrative review was conducted using four selected articles provided by the author. Data were extracted for study design, setting, population, antibiotic evaluation method, dominant antibiotic classes, rationality indicators, resistance profile, and stewardship implications. The four studies were descriptive and hospital-based, using retrospective records, concurrent observation, ATC/DDD with DU 90%, qualitative rationality criteria, and antibiogram data. The synthesis showed a consistent concentration of antibiotic use in broad-spectrum groups, especially third-generation cephalosporins, penicillins, quinolones, and macrolides. In a Bandung public hospital, total antibiotic consumption reached 95,719.01 DDD, with penicillins, cephalosporins, quinolones, macrolides, and sulfonamides included in the DU 90% segment. In intensive care, ceftriaxone was the most frequently used antibiotic and most rationality indicators were appropriate, although clinically significant drug interactions were still identified. In pediatric acute respiratory infection inpatients, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone dominated empirical therapy. Resistance mapping in Denpasar highlighted relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens and recommended antibiotics according to susceptibility levels. Overall, the reviewed evidence supports an integrated antimicrobial stewardship model combining ATC/DDD-DU 90% surveillance, qualitative rationality evaluation, antibiogram-based empirical guidance, and periodic feedback to prescribers.

Typhoid fever is a febrile illness that commonly occurs in urban areas with poor sanitation. It is usually caused by the consumption of untreated water and contaminated food. Because the S. typhi bacterium can survive in water for days, contamination of surface water—such as wastewater, freshwater, and groundwater—serves as the primary cause of typhoid fever. The patient presented to the Emergency Department of Cut Meutia General Hospital with complaints of high fever for approximately 4 days prior to admission, which had worsened over the past 2 days. The fever fluctuated and was accompanied by chills. It worsened at night and was not influenced by weather or temperature. These symptoms were accompanied by vomiting every time the patient tried to eat, nausea, abdominal pain, headache, and weakness. The patient reported vomiting the contents of their meal every time they ate, leading to a loss of appetite. These symptoms began when the patient first developed a fever. The patient also experienced abdominal pain. Spontaneous bleeding was denied. On physical examination, the patient appeared weak but was alert and oriented. On neck examination, palpable enlargement of the thyroid glands was found on the right and left sides of the neck, measuring 2x2 cm, mobile, and soft. On abdominal examination, increased bowel sounds were noted. Vital signs were normal except for the patient’s febrile temperature. Laboratory tests revealed a Tubex blood test result of scale 4 and a positive dengue IgG serology result.

This study aims to analyze the participation of the faithful in the Sacrament of Penance and to identify the pastoral challenges influencing its practice in the Vicariate of West Sulawesi, Archdiocese of Makassar. Theologically, the Sacrament of Penance serves as a means of reconciliation that restores the relationship between humanity, God, and the Church. However, in contemporary contexts, its practice encounters various social, psychological, and pastoral dynamics. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach involving 267 respondents from four parishes through questionnaire distribution. The data were analyzed using percentage-based statistics to map participation frequency, spiritual motivation, level of understanding, post-sacramental experiences, and perceived obstacles. The findings indicate that although most respondents demonstrate strong theological understanding, sincere spiritual motivation, and positive spiritual experiences after receiving absolution, participation remains largely seasonal and periodic. The principal challenges include psychological factors such as shame and anxiety, structural limitations related to schedule and accessibility, and formative deficiencies such as insufficient ongoing catechesis. The study concludes that the primary issue is not a crisis of faith in the sacrament itself, but a gap between theological awareness and concrete practice, thus calling for more dialogical, communicative, and contextual pastoral renewal.

The presence of Generation Z, who grew up entirely in the digital era, has triggered a fundamental transformation in Muslim religious practices, where social media has replaced conventional religious institutions as the primary source of religious information. This condition creates a paradox: Gen Z has become a generation that is highly religious online, yet is often disconnected from physical communities and traditional religious authorities. This study aims to analyze the character of Muslim Gen Z religiosity, identify its forming factors, and examine the impact of the digital era on their religiosity. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach using a library research method. The findings indicate that Muslim Gen Z religiosity is characterized by personalization, flexibility, and digital spirituality, strongly influenced by social media. These characteristics are shaped by massive digital technology accessibility, the effectiveness of contextual Islamic preaching on platforms such as TikTok, as well as spiritual needs and social pressure from the digital environment. The digital era brings positive impacts in the form of increased accessibility and religious literacy, but also negative impacts including shallow religious understanding, vulnerability to information bias, and potential exposure to extreme ideologies. This study implies the importance of an integrated digital religious literacy strategy through critical thinking-based Islamic Religious Education curriculum reform, enhancement of educators' digital capacity, and cross-sector collaboration to strengthen Gen Z's moderate and reflective religious understanding.

The study aims to analyze the role of digital media as a distracting factor affecting the faith loyalty of Catholic adolescents in their relationship with God amid religious pluralism in Indonesia. The development of digital media has transformed how adolescents understand, express, and live out their faith, while simultaneously presenting both opportunities and ambivalent challenges. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, analyzing various theological, sociological sources, and Church documents. The findings indicate that digital media can serve as a broad and participatory space for expressing faith, but it also has the potential to create distractions in three main dimensions: cognitive, affective, and practical. Cognitively, adolescents experience confusion in understanding faith teachings due to the diversity of information available. Affectively, there is a shift in orientation from a relationship with God toward the pursuit of emotional gratification in digital spaces. Practically, there is a decline in engagement in concrete religious practices. Within the context of religious pluralism, this complexity intensifies and influences the formation of adolescents’ faith identity. This study also finds that digital media does not only have negative impacts but also holds positive potential as a means of deepening faith when used critically and reflectively. Therefore, the role of the Church is essential through contextual, dialogical, and integrative pastoral accompaniment combined with critical digital literacy. Through this approach, adolescents are expected to integrate their digital experiences into a more mature, authentic faith life rooted in a deeper relationship with God.

This study aims to analyze public sentiment toward the hashtag #KaburAjaDulu, which has circulated widely on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter). The hashtag reflects the growing anxiety among the public, especially younger generations, regarding socio-political issues in Indonesia. The data were collected using web scraping techniques, focusing on user-generated tweets that contain the hashtag. A comprehensive text preprocessing phase was conducted to clean the raw data by removing irrelevant elements such as URLs, emojis, numbers, and punctuation. The research applies a hybrid classification approach using a combination of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest algorithms to categorize sentiment into three classes: positive, negative, and neutral. The performance of the model was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score to determine the effectiveness of the classification. The study aims to demonstrate that combining algorithms can improve classification performance compared to using a single algorithm. This research contributes to the field of sentiment analysis and provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and social observers in understanding public opinion trends in digital media.

This research was designed to explore the extent to which public beliefs influence the implementation of Digital traceability  systems in the halal industrial sector. The approach used was quantitative with a survey method, where questionnaires were distributed to 60 respondents who were consumers of halal products in Indonesia. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression via Microsoft Excel. Research findings indicate that public confidence has a positive and significant influence on the adoption of Digital traceability  systems, with a regression coefficient of 0.476 and a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05). In addition, the coefficient of determination (R Square) value of 0.219 indicates that public confidence contributes 21.9% to the implementation of the Digital traceability  system, while the rest is determined by other factors that were not researched. These findings confirm that public trust is an important element in encouraging acceptance of digital technology, especially in the halal industry which relies heavily on transparency and consumer confidence. Thus, implementing a Digital traceability  system that is supported by information openness and easy access to technology can be an effective strategy to strengthen consumer trust while expanding technology adoption.

The development of social media, especially TWITTER, has become one of the main means for people to express opinions and criticism on various issues, including the performance of law in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze public sentiment towards the performance of law based on TWITTER user comments using the Naïve Bayes algorithm. The research data consists of 1004 comments collected from several videos related to legal topics. The analysis process includes the stages of data crawling, pre- processing (text cleaning, normalization, and tokenization), labeling sentiment into positive, negative, and neutral, and testing the Naïve Bayes model. The results show that the Naïve Bayes algorithm is able to classify sentiment with an accuracy level of 93.73%. The distribution of sentiment from 1004 comments shows that the majority of public opinion is (negative/positive/neutral), which indicates that public perception of the performance of law is still (critical/positive). These findings are expected to be input for related parties to understand public opinion and improve the quality of legal performance in

Social media X (Twitter) has become the main platform for the Indonesian public to express opinions, including on the trend of 'kabur aja dulu' (let's just run away for a bit). This research aims to classify the sentiments of the public using the Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machine (SVM) methods, and to compare the accuracy of both in sentiment analysis. Data was collected via the Twitter API with the hashtag #kaburajadulu, resulting in 2,067 tweets, which, after the cleansing process and manual labeling, left 385 data points. The analysis process followed the CRISP-DM stages, which include business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, modeling, evaluation, and deployment. Model evaluation was conducted using a confusion matrix with accuracy, precision, and recall metrics. The classification results show that 82% of tweets have a positive sentiment and 18% negative. The Naïve Bayes algorithm achieved an accuracy of 86.49%, slightly lower than SVM, which reached 88.05%. In conclusion, Support Vector Machine is more effective in sentiment classification on public opinion data. This research contributes to the digital mapping of public opinion and recommends the development of automatic labeling methods as well as the exploration of advanced algorithms in the future.

The growth of information technology has driven changes in consumer behavior, one of which is through e-commerce platforms such as Shopee. This phenomenon has generated a large number of customer reviews, including those for local cosmetic products such as Wardah. These reviews serve as an important source of information for understanding customer perceptions and satisfaction levels. However, manual analysis of large and linguistically diverse datasets is inefficient and potentially subjective. This study aims to implement the multi-category Naive Bayes algorithm to classify the sentiment of Wardah product reviews on Shopee into three categories: positive, negative, and neutral. The data were collected using a web scraping technique and processed through a series of preprocessing stages including case folding, tokenization, stopword removal, stemming, and text cleaning. Subsequently, term weighting was performed using the TF-IDF method prior to classification. Model performance was evaluated using a confusion matrix as well as accuracy, precision, and recall metrics. The results indicate that the multi-category Naive Bayes algorithm achieved an accuracy of 86.00%, a precision of 86.63%, and a recall of 98.24%. This approach can assist business practitioners in objectively understanding customer opinions and support decision-making in business strategy and product development.

Golf participation has increasingly become a lifestyle-oriented recreational activity that combines physical exercise, social interaction, and personal identity. However, participation decisions are not only shaped by individual interest, but also by demographic readiness, psychographic orientation, digital promotional exposure, and psychological commitment to the sport. This study aims to examine the influence of demographic factors, psychographic factors, and digital promotion on golf participation decisions in Bandar Lampung, with sport commitment as a mediating variable. A quantitative survey approach was employed using purposive sampling. Data were collected from 287 golf participants through a structured questionnaire measured with a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and Sobel mediation testing. The findings show that demographic factors, psychographic factors, digital promotion, and sport commitment have positive and significant effects on golf participation decisions. Sport commitment was found to be the strongest predictor and significantly mediated the relationship between demographic factors, psychographic factors, digital promotion, and golf participation decisions. These results indicate that golf participation is influenced not only by access, lifestyle, and digital promotion, but also by the level of commitment developed by participants. This study contributes to sport marketing literature by integrating individual, psychological, and digital factors into one empirical model of golf participation behavior.

This study aims to examine the influence of principal leadership and school culture on teacher discipline in public junior high schools (SMP Negeri) in Sembawa District, Banyuasin Regency. Teacher discipline is an important factor in supporting the effectiveness of the learning process and achieving educational goals. Therefore, understanding the factors that contribute to teacher discipline is essential for improving school performance. This study employed a quantitative research method with a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires consisting of 66 statement items measured using a five-point Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using statistical techniques to determine both partial and simultaneous effects of the independent variables on teacher discipline. The results indicate that principal leadership has a positive and significant partial effect on teacher discipline, as evidenced by a t-value of 5.127, which is greater than the t-table value of 1.9809. School culture also has a positive and significant partial effect on teacher discipline, with a t-value of 7.244 exceeding the t-table value of 1.9809. Furthermore, principal leadership and school culture simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on teacher discipline, as indicated by an F-value of 34.152, which is greater than the F-table value of 3.07. These findings suggest that strengthening principal leadership and fostering a positive school culture can significantly improve teacher discipline.

The rise of social media has created a digital public sphere that enables users to express their opinions on social and political issues openly and in real-time. One of the most discussed topics on social media platform X is the trending hashtag #IndonesiaGelap, which reflects public concern and criticism regarding various governmental and societal conditions. This study aims to conduct sentiment analysis on tweets containing the hashtag to determine the overall sentiment trend among users. The method employed in this research is the Naive Bayes classification algorithm, known for its simplicity and effectiveness in text classification. To enhance the model’s performance, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is applied to optimize feature selection and parameter tuning. The dataset consists of public tweets collected via the Twitter API, followed by preprocessing, feature extraction using TF-IDF, and sentiment classification into three categories: positive, negative, and neutral. The results indicate that the integration of PSO significantly improves the classification accuracy of the Naive Bayes model compared to the baseline. The majority of tweets related to #IndonesiaGelap exhibit a negative sentiment, indicating widespread public dissatisfaction and criticism. This research is expected to contribute to a better understanding of public perception and serve as valuable input for stakeholders in addressing social issues in the digital age.

This study explores the acceptance of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) at SD Inpres Gere through William of Ockham's negative rights framework, focusing on freedom from external interference. As a positive rights policy (the right to services), the MBG has the potential to conflict with the principles of individual subjective rights (negative rights). Ockham emphasized that every individual has a personal sovereignty that must be free from interference from external authorities. Using qualitative research methods through literature studies and interviews, this article analyzes the risk of standardizing consumption that can reduce individual autonomy in determining their private needs. The analysis shows that although the MBG has a noble aim to fulfill the right to life, its implementation risks becoming a form of state paternalism that harms citizens' negative freedoms if not accompanied by strict limits on power. This paper concludes that to align with Ockham's principle of individual subjective rights, the MBG program must continue to respect the private space and diversity of individual choices without creating dependency that erodes the sovereignty of legal subjects.

To address the negative impacts of teenage romantic relationships on peer dynamics and academic achievement at SMP Negeri 5 Sipahutar, school authorities implemented a regulation prohibiting dating, in line with Pancasila character education principles. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of this policy on fostering positive social behavior among ninth-grade students. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach and involved 81 students as respondents. Data were collected using a four-level multiple-choice agreement questionnaire consisting of ten items. The analysis results showed a total score of 2707, a mean score of 33.42, a standard deviation of 4.8, and an average scale score of 3.34. The findings revealed that 78.2% of students agreed that the regulation encouraged peer cooperation, improved discipline in obeying school rules, and supported effective group learning. In addition, the policy appeared to contribute to a more positive school environment by reducing distractions associated with adolescent dating behavior. These findings indicate that school-based regulations can play an important role in shaping adolescent character and social behavior based on national values. Therefore, such policies may serve as an effective preventive strategy for educational institutions that aim to strengthen character education and promote responsible student conduct.

The development of the digital economy has driven increased customer interaction through online chat services, making customer satisfaction a key factor in business success. Response speed and chat service quality are two important aspects in shaping the customer experience, but previous research has tended to examine them separately. This study aims to analyze the influence of online chat services and response speed on customer satisfaction partially and simultaneously. The method used is a qualitative approach with a literature review of 12 scientific articles from 2020–2025 obtained from academic databases such as Google Scholar and SINTA. The analysis technique used is descriptive-critical through the identification, comparison, and synthesis of previous research findings. The results show that online chat services have a positive effect on customer satisfaction, primarily through interaction quality such as information accuracy, ease of use, and problem-solving ability. Response speed has also proven to be an important determinant, where a fast response significantly increases customer satisfaction. However, speed without quality has the potential to decrease satisfaction. The discussion shows that the two variables have a complementary and inseparable relationship. Online chat services function as a medium for interaction, while response speed is a quality attribute that determines the effectiveness of the service. Therefore, the integration of both in one model is the main contribution of this research in filling the literature gap, especially in the context of e-commerce in Indonesia.

This research is grounded in the understanding that employees are the core of organizational sustainability, and their job satisfaction is shaped not only by daily tasks but also by the organization’s ability to manage workload and support balance between work demands and personal life. This study aims to analyze the effect of workload and work-life balance on employee job satisfaction at the Class I Correctional Center (Bapas) Makassar. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 54 employees and analyzed using multiple linear regression assisted by SPSS Statistics 25. The research variables consist of workload and work-life balance as independent variables, and job satisfaction as the dependent variable. The findings indicate that workload has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, suggesting that employees’ perception of being able to complete tasks effectively can increase their comfort and confidence at work. Work-life balance also shows a positive and significant influence, indicating that the ability to manage both work responsibilities and personal life contributes directly to greater feelings of satisfaction, stability, and motivation in performing duties. Simultaneously, both variables significantly affect job satisfaction, emphasizing the importance for organizations to regulate workload proportionally while providing space for employees to maintain a healthy life balance. These findings highlight that effective workload management and support for work-life balance are crucial organizational investments to foster a healthy, productive, and employee-centered work environment.

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, company size, and type of public accounting firm on Key Audit Matters (KAM), with audit fees as a moderating variable in manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2022–2024 period. This study used a quantitative approach with a purposive sampling method. Data were obtained from audited financial statements and annual reports published on the official Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The study sample consisted of 67 companies, with a total of 201 observations. Data analysis techniques used included descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results showed that profitability had a significant negative effect on KAM disclosure, while company size had a significant positive effect on KAM disclosure. The type of public accounting firm showed a significant negative effect on KAM disclosure. Furthermore, audit fees did not moderate the relationship between profitability and KAM, but they did moderate the relationship between company size and type of public accounting firm on KAM disclosure. This study demonstrates that company and auditor characteristics play a significant role in determining the disclosure of Key Audit Matters in the independent auditor's report.

The completeness of nursing care documentation serves as a primary indicator of hospital service quality and remains a critical component of patient safety, clinical communication, and legal accountability. Despite its importance, empirical evidence from various healthcare facilities indicates that nursing records are frequently suboptimal, incomplete, or inconsistent. This study aims to analyze the complex interrelationships between burnout and coaching on the completeness of nursing care documentation, specifically examining the role of nursing competence as a mediating (intervening) variable at the Dr. Chasbullah Abdulmadjid General Hospital in Bekasi City. Utilizing a quantitative research framework with a cross-sectional design, this study sampled practicing nurses stationed across inpatient and intensive care units. Primary data were gathered through a validated, structured questionnaire designed to measure psychological burnout, the frequency of clinical coaching, perceived professional competence, and the objective completeness of documentation. The data were subjected to rigorous analysis using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to test the hypothesized pathways within the conceptual model. The results demonstrated that burnout exerts a significant negative influence on both nursing competence and the quality of documentation, suggesting that emotional exhaustion hinders professional performance. Conversely, systematic coaching was found to have a significant positive impact, directly improving both competence levels and documentation adherence. Critically, the analysis confirmed that nursing competence acts as a vital intervening variable; it effectively mediates and strengthens the influence of both burnout reduction and coaching interventions on the overall completeness of nursing care records. This study concludes that proactive burnout management and the institutionalization of structured coaching programs are essential strategic priorities. By addressing these factors, hospital management can enhance individual nurse competence, thereby ensuring high-quality, comprehensive nursing documentation that supports patient safety and institutional integrity.