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Children with intellectual disabilities experience limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive abilities, which impact their independence in daily activities, including buttoning clothes. This skill requires fine motor coordination, concentration, and a proper understanding of task sequences. This case study aims to determine the effectiveness of button board play therapy in improving fine motor skills in children with intellectual disabilities. The method used was descriptive with a case study approach involving two children with moderate intellectual disabilities aged 8 and 9 years at SLB Bhakti Luhur Maumere. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The intervention consisted of button board play therapy conducted for 6 days, with a duration of 15–30 minutes per day, implemented gradually and repeatedly. The results showed that before the intervention, both children were unable to button their clothes independently. After the intervention, there was an improvement in their ability, as the children began to button some buttons (2–3 buttons) with better motor coordination, although they still required assistance and supervision. In conclusion, button board play therapy is effective in gradually improving fine motor skills and independence in children with intellectual disabilities. It is recommended that the intervention be carried out consistently and involve parents to achieve optimal results.

Hospitalization in preschool children often causes anxiety due to several factors, such as unfamiliar environments, uncomfortable medical procedures, and separation from parents. This condition can negatively affect the child’s psychological state, which may influence both the healing process and adaptation during hospital care. Therefore, it is important to understand the description of anxiety experienced by children during hospitalization so that health workers can provide appropriate interventions. This study aimed to describe the anxiety caused by hospitalization among preschool children admitted to the Parkit Ward of Qolbu Insan Mulia (QIM) Hospital Batang. The study employed a descriptive quantitative design with a purposive sampling technique. A total of 65 preschool children aged 3–6 years who met the inclusion criteria were recruited as samples. The instrument used was the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) Preschool Parent Report, which was completed by parents to assess the children’s level of anxiety. Data analysis was carried out using frequency distribution to present both the respondents’ characteristics and the level of anxiety. The results showed that most respondents were 5 years old (36.9%) and predominantly male (61.5%). A majority of the respondents had never been hospitalized before (63.1%), making hospitalization a first-time experience that could trigger anxiety. The highest proportion of anxiety levels was in the mild category (38.4%), followed by moderate anxiety (30.7%). Only a small proportion of children experienced severe anxiety. In conclusion, preschool children undergoing hospitalization in the Parkit Ward of QIM Hospital Batang mostly experienced mild to moderate anxiety. These findings provide an important overview for nursing staff in designing interventions to reduce children’s anxiety. Suggested approaches include play therapy, effective communication, and active parental involvement in the care process. With such strategies, it is expected that children’s anxiety can be reduced, making hospitalization a more adaptive experience that supports the recovery process.

Growth and development have similarities in change. And these changes involve all physical members, motor skills and language development. If there are abnormalities in the child's growth and development process, then the child will experience delays in growth and development which is usually called Developmental Delay. This study aims to determine the effect of play therapy on the growth and development of children with developmental delay conditions. This research uses the case study method. After carrying out therapy 8 times, the results showed that play therapy had an effect on improving gross motor skills and improving balance in children with developmental delay. Examination of children's motor skills using the DDST (Denver Development Screening Test) revealed an increase in several stages of ability development in gross motor aspects. Examination of the child's balance using the PBS (Pediatric Balance Scale) showed an increase in balance in several categories, such as the child being able to stand independently and turning 360°.

Generation Alpha refers to children born after 2010, who are growing up in a rapidly evolving digital ecosystem. In the Indonesian context, the emergence of depressive disorders among this generation poses a critical mental health challenge that has not been thoroughly addressed. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Generation Alpha, identify the major risk factors, and evaluate current and potential preventive strategies through a narrative literature review approach. Data were collected from national and international journals using platforms such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Garuda, with inclusion criteria covering articles published between 2019 and 2024 and relevant to children’s mental health. Findings reveal a significant increase in depressive symptoms among children aged 5 to 13 years. Key risk factors include non-democratic parenting styles, academic stress, bullying in school environments, and excessive use of digital gadgets. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic and remote learning have exacerbated children’s mental health, particularly among those from low-income families or with limited access to psychological support. On the other hand, preventive strategies involving holistic approaches such as school-based mental health education, play therapy, digital mental health interventions, and Islamic spirituality-based approaches have demonstrated considerable potential in mitigating depressive symptoms. This review highlights the urgency of implementing multi-level and context-sensitive prevention strategies through collaboration between schools, families, and community-based institutions.

Hospitalization is a disruptive experience for children that can also induce anxiety. Generally, the reactions of children undergoing inpatient care are anxiety, crying, and restlessness. Play therapy can help distract children from pain and provide relaxation. This study aims to determine the effect of squishy toy play therapy on reducing anxiety in preschool-aged children (3-6 years old) undergoing hospitalization. This study employs a Pre-Experimental method with a One Group Pre-Post Test Design. The population for this research is 200 children each month. The sample consists of 80 respondents who are preschool-aged (3-6 years old) and have been admitted to Rizani Paiton Probolinggo Hospital. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling. Data management involves processes such as Editing, Coding, Scoring, and Tabulating, and the data are analyzed using the Wilcoxon test.Top of FormBottom of Form The results of this study show that the average anxiety score before the squishy toy play therapy was 2.54. The average anxiety score after the therapy was 1.56. The analysis using the Wilcoxon test indicates that there is an effect of squishy toy play therapy on reducing anxiety in preschool-aged children (3-6 years old) undergoing hospitalization, with a p-value of 0.000. Squishy play therapy is carried out twice a day for three consecutive days, squishy play therapy is suitable for preschool children because this therapy is easy to do, does not require a lot of facilities and takes a short time. Suggestions for further researchers observe parents and closest people as one of the factors that influence the effectiveness of squishy play therapy.

The anxiety felt by children will have an impact on stress in children. Some children are unable to express their anxiety openly and quiet children usually do not have good coping skills in dealing with anxiety. Many methods have been used to approach children with the aim of reducing hospitalization, starting with play therapy, music, reading stories, drawing. Touch and talk therapy is carried out by providing touch and motivation to children. Where children feel more comfortable when touched. This study aims to find out the effect of touch and talk therapy on preoperative anxiety in school-aged children at the Bintan District Hospital. This research design is a quasi-experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was 30 school-aged children treated in the Gardenia Room at the Bintan District Hospital and the data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon range test. The results show that there is a significant influence between the average anxiety level score during the pre-test and post-test (mean pre-test = 60.17 to mean post-test = 26.07) with p value = 0.000 (p value <0.05). This therapy can be used as an alternative for pre-operative intervention in children at the hospital.

Introduction: ED (Eating Disorders) is one of the most difficult mental disorders to treat and treat, and the cost is even higher than schizophrenia. Secondary somatic complications due to malnutrition, severe weight loss and low levels of micronutrients. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a combination of interventions such as Expression Head Massage, Myofacial Release, Neurosenso Komplit, General Massage, Patterning, Play Therapy, Brain Gym, Oral Reflex Stimulation. Method: A single-subject study was conducted on a 22-month-old child with ED. Results: The results of the sensory examination evaluation showed an increase in sensory in the child. Conclusion: A 22-month-old child was diagnosed with Eating Disorder, initially given physiotherapy, the child did not want to eat rice at all, only wanted to drink milk and sometimes the child liked to hit and bite, but after doing routine physiotherapy and home programs, now the child is willing to feed 15 mouthfuls of rice and focus on the child has also begun to exist and the child's balance is increasing.

The process of installing an IV will cause pain which can disturb the child. Pain is an unpleasant event in individuals that can cause sufferers to feel sick. Apart from that, there will be changes in vital signs such as increased pulse rate, blood pressure and breathing, so it will be an unpleasant experience for the child. Pain from installing IV fluids in children can be minimized with non-pharmacological measures which aim to manage pain, namely with relaxation therapy, playing blowing propellers. To determine the effectiveness of blowing propeller play therapy on reducing pain in children when installing an IV. This research uses a descriptive case study with a nursing process approach with a case study design of 3 respondents, with a paper propeller game and the Wong Baker pain scale. The data collection process was carried out on respondents by blowing a propeller for 5 minutes on each respondent. The research results showed that play therapy blowing propellers was effective in reducing the intensity of pain in children after installing an IV as proven in An. B from scale 7 to scale 4, An. Z from scale 8 to scale 6, and An. R from scale 7 to scale 5. The results of the research are that it is hoped that propeller blowing therapy can reduce the intensity of pain in children after infusion.

Children are the younger generation who have an important role in maintaining and continuing the ideals of the nation. Several cases of serious health complaints experienced by children require more than just outpatient treatment. If a child is hospitalized, then the child will easily experience a crisis because the child experiences anxiety due to the changes he is experiencing. Children need media that can overcome anxiety due to hospitalization and be able to work with health workers while in treatment. One of the media so that children can overcome anxiety is the skill of playing coloring pictures. Intervention play therapy coloring pictures is done 15-20 minutes every day for 2 days in a row. The level of anxiety before being given play therapy coloring pictures in subject I was 11 (severe anxiety) and subject II was 6 (moderate anxiety). The level of anxiety after being given play therapy coloring pictures in subject I is a score of 9 (moderate anxiety) and subject II a score of 4 (mild anxiety). The conclusion from the discussion of this case study is that there is a decrease in anxiety levels after the application of coloring pictures play therapy in preschool-aged children.

Anxiety is the most common feeling experienced by pediatric patients who experience hospitalization, anxiety that is often felt by children such as crying, fear of the environment and new people. The number of stressors experienced by children when undergoing hospitalization can have a negative impact on the child's development. This aim is to determine the effect of coloring play therapy on the anxiety level of preschool-aged children who experience hospitalization at the Banda Aceh Mother and Child Hospital. This study used a quantitative research design with a sample size approach of 5 respondents. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Data collection instruments were carried out before and after carrying out coloring play therapy using observation sheets with a percentage calculation assessment scale. The results showed that before being given coloring play therapy, there were 2 respondents who experienced moderate anxiety (40%) and 3 child respondents who experienced severe anxiety (60%). And after being given coloring play therapy there were 4 child respondents who experienced mild anxiety (80%) and 1 person who was in the moderate category (20%). It is suggested that the results of this study can be used as a reference for coloring play therapy in preschool-age child patients who experience hospitalization anxiety in the children's room at the Banda Aceh mother and child hospital in 2021.

Hospitalization is a process that requires children to undergo treatment and therapy at the hospital until they return home. The impact of hospitalization that is most often experienced by children is anxiety. Anxiety experienced by children during hospitalization can be overcome by playing therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving playing ball therapy to hospitalized children with anxiety before examining vital signs. This research method is a descriptive study, with a sample of 2 people in the Hospital of Temanggung Regency. The instrument used to measure anxiety levels is the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS). Respondents were given play therapy 3 times in 3 days. The results of this study indicate that the anxiety level of hospitalized children decreased from an average score of 36, namely the moderate anxiety category, to an average score of 20, mild anxiety category.    

Background :Hospitalization is a critical condition in children, when the child is sick and is being treated in the hospital. Hospitalization can be considered as a threatening experience and becomes a stressor so that it can cause a crisis for children and families. In an effort to reduce the impact of children from hospitalization experienced by children during child care, we need a medium that can express anxiety, one of which is coloring picture therapy. Data from the Children's Room at Adjidarmo Rangkasbitung hospital found that children who were hospitalized from January to June 2022 had 979 cases of hospitalized children or an average of 163 cases per month. Writing purpose :the effect of giving play therapy coloring pictures on reducing stress due to the impact of hospitalization in pre-school-aged children at Adjidarmo Rangkasbitung Public Hospital, Banten Research methods :This study used a pre-experimental denham design with one group pretest-posttest design. One-group pre-post test design to obtain stress level data before and after the intervention. The number of samples in this study were 32 pre-school children who fit the inclusion criteria. The instrument used for data collection used a questionnaire and then the data were analyzed using the paired t test. Research result :the average stress on children due to hospitalization before the intervention was given was 21.09 pont or included in the moderate category and after the intervention became 13.13 or included in the moderate. There is an effect of giving play therapy coloring pictures to reduce stress due to hospitalization in pre-school-aged children at Adjidarmo Rangkasbitung Hospital, Banten with a p value of 0.000. Conclusions and recommendations:Image coloring play therapy can be effective in reducing stress in children due to hospitalization, therefore health workers can apply image coloring play interventions to children who are hospitalized

Children are at risk of experiencing anxiety due to the Covid 19 pandemic. Children's anxiety due to the Covid-19 pandemic because there is a lot of unclear information circulating, feeling that this pandemic is not over so they can't go out, bored at home, lack of time to socialize and play with friends friends, and the stress of online learning. Giving play therapy is one of the nursing interventions that can reduce anxiety in children. This study uses quantitative research methods with a quasi-experimental research design with a pre-test and post-test design approach. The inclusion criteria set were children aged 8-11 years, experiencing mild-moderate anxiety, in good health. The intervention was carried out 4 times using the covid 19 educational game media. Observation of anxiety was carried out twice, namely before the intervention and after the intervention. The number of samples is 24 school children. The questionnaire used to measure the level of anxiety of preschool-aged children with the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS). Analysis of the data in this study used a statistical test with a significance level of 0.05 using the sample paired T-test. The results of the statistical test show that there is a significant effect between the implementation of the covid 19 educational game and the anxiety of school-age children in the era of the covid 19 pandemic. The implementation of the covid 19 educational game is recommended in handling children's anxiety by involving the family.  

Preschoolers are children aged three to six years. Covid - 19 is a pandemic that is shaking the world right now. Due to the Covid - 19 pandemic, children cannot play with friends outside the home. Limited play space for children makes it easy for them to feel bored just to stay at home, causing children to become anxious. The purpose of this case study is to apply storytelling play therapy to reduce anxiety levels in preschool-aged children at home due to the covid-19 pandemic. The method of this case study is descriptive. The result of the case study is a decrease in anxiety score in subject I from 45 to 30 and subject II from 51 to 34. The conclusion of this case study shows that storytelling therapy is effective in reducing the anxiety level of preschool children. Suggestions for this case study are expected that parents can apply storytelling to reduce anxiety levels in children at home due to the Covid-19 pandemic.