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Bangka Belitung Islands Province as the largest tin producer faces legality dilemmas and criminalization of artisanal miners due to permit centralization through Law Number 3 of 2020. This study aims to analyze the impact of centralization on artisanal miners' legal access, criminalization practices under Article 158 of the Mineral and Coal Law, and the form of Bangka Artisanal Miners Alliance (ATRB) struggle demanding legal certainty. The research employs qualitative case study approach with data collection techniques through literature study and document analysis of regulations, court decisions, and media reports. Findings show centralization narrows legal access causing slow and bureaucratic process for Artisanal Mining Area (WPR) designation and Artisanal Mining Permit (IPR) issuance. Criminalization practices more frequently affect small-scale miners major actors, creating injustice perceptions and worsening socio-economic conditions of mining households. ATRB emerges as a social movement demanding legal recognition through accelerated WPR and IPR plus economic redistribution through fair tin trade governance. Non-transparent royalty management reaching Rp1.7 trillion worsens community vulnerability. This research contributes to social movement and natural resource politics studies by emphasizing the importance of participatory legalization and governance reform to reduce social conflict.

The rapid development of digital technology has accelerated the transformation of business models, particularly within the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. One significant form of this transformation is the adoption of e-commerce as a platform for digital marketing and business transactions. This study aims to analyze the role of e-commerce in increasing the income of MSMEs in Medan Perjuangan District. The research employs a qualitative approach using secondary data obtained from government reports, scientific journals, and relevant previous studies. Data were analyzed through content analysis to identify patterns and key findings related to e-commerce utilization among MSMEs. The results show that the use of e-commerce has a positive impact on MSME income by expanding market reach beyond local boundaries, reducing marketing and operational costs, and improving consumer access and transaction convenience. However, the study also identifies major challenges, particularly limited digital literacy, inadequate technological infrastructure, and low readiness among MSME actors, which need to be addressed to maximize the benefits of e-commerce adoption.

This research uses descriptive qualitative methods to describe and understand Indonesian historical phenomena, especially the values ​​of Pancasila during the Sriwijaya and Majapahit kingdoms. During the Srivijaya kingdom, the values ​​of Pancasila were reflected, such as divinity with harmony between religions, humanity with good relations between Sriwijaya and India, and unity in a wide area. During the Majapahit era, the principles of Pancasila were also reflected, especially in divine and humanitarian values ​​which were reflected in religious tolerance and good international relations. Apart from that, popular principles and social justice are visible through a government system that prioritizes deliberation and the welfare of the people. This research reveals how these principles have become the basis of the Indonesian state which has been reflected since the kingdom era.

Film as a form of mass media has an important role in the socio-cultural, artistic, political, as well as scientific realms. Cek Toko Lado 2 is a continuation of the story of the Chinese family of Koh Afuk which is in the comedy genre and directed by Ernest Prakasa. This film not only presents entertainment, but also presents family dynamics, parental expectations, and challenges in maintaining family business while building trust between fellow family members. The stories presented are able to illustrate the social reality of urban communities who are often faced with a dilemma between family interests and individual freedom. The purpose of this research is to analyze the struggle of Erwin's character in fighting for his love for Natalie and his efforts to get the blessing of his future in-laws. The research method used is qualitative with the approach of Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic theory. The data source was obtained through direct observation of scenes and dialogues in the film, and reinforced by documentation and literature studies. The results of the study show that Erwin's struggle can be understood through three main elements in Peirce's semiotics, namely sign, object, and interpretant. First, the spirit of never giving up is reflected in Erwin's consistency in facing various obstacles. Second, the attitude of responsibility can be seen from Erwin's commitment to his career and the romantic relationship he is living. Third, the willingness to sacrifice is evident when Erwin prioritizes personal interests in order to gain the blessing of Natalie's family. In conclusion, this study emphasizes that films not only function as a means of entertainment, but also as a social learning medium that conveys moral messages about struggle, sacrifice, and the importance of trust in family relationships and romance. Thus, Cek Toko Lado 2 is able to be a relevant and inspiring social reflection for the audience, especially urban people who are facing the dynamics of family life and love.

This study aims to analyze the role of social media as a strategic force in the campaign of legislative candidates from the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI Perjuangan) in the 2024 General Election. Amidst increasing internet penetration and social media usage in Indonesia, especially among the younger generation, social media has become a primary means of political communication. In this context, social media functions not only as a tool for disseminating information, but also as an interactive medium capable of shaping public perception, building political image, and significantly expanding campaign reach. This study uses a qualitative approach through literature review and content analysis of the social media accounts of several PDI Perjuangan legislative candidates, such as Ir. Bambang Wuryanto, Bagus Suryokusumo, and Muhammad Iqbal Adila. The results of the study indicate that strategic use of social media can increase political exposure and emotional closeness with constituents. Authentic, consistent content that emphasizes relevant political values has proven effective in attracting voter attention and building community engagement. Social media also allows legislative candidates to respond to current issues quickly and personally, and mobilize support more efficiently than conventional campaign methods. Thus, the findings of this study confirm that social media plays a very important role in modern political campaign strategies, and is one of the determining factors for success in legislative contests in the digital era.

This study aims to describe the values ​​of struggle in the short story Hujan Pertama Dari Kampung Kafir by Silvester Petara Hurit. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with data analysis techniques using a sociological approach. The results of the study indicate the values ​​of struggle in the short story Hujan Pertama Dari Kampung Kafir by Silvester Petara Hurit concluded as follows, 1) the struggle of indigenous people to maintain ancestral traditions, 2) the struggle to preserve local wisdom, 3) the struggle to maintain identity, 4) the struggle to find the meaning of faith, and 5) the struggle to maintain cultural symbols.

This study aims to identify Kaizen strategies that can be applied to improve student discipline and productivity within Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang. Kaizen, a Japanese philosophy of continuous improvement, is considered relevant to encourage positive behavioral change in academic activities and time management among students. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving active students and academic advisors. The results show that applying Kaizen principles such as daily self-evaluation, active involvement in study planning, and the reinforcement of a collective discipline culture significantly contributes to improving academic productivity. This study recommends integrating Kaizen strategies into student development programs to create a more effective and sustainable learning environment.

This study aims to examine the importance of environment and social interaction in supporting early childhood language development. The research was conducted on Jalan Perjuangan, Dalan Lidang Subdistrict, using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving children aged 4–6 years, teachers, and parents. The findings reveal that a linguistically rich environment and active, positive social interactions both at home and in educational settings have a significant impact on children's language skills. Children raised in supportive environments and frequently engaged in conversations, cooperative play, and storytelling activities show better vocabulary growth, sentence structure development, and communication abilities. In conclusion, environment and social interaction play a vital role in shaping early childhood language competence and should be given serious attention by parents, educators, and the surrounding community.  

Trade secrets are an important part of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) that play a strategic role in maintaining a company's competitive advantage. Protecting information that is not generally known, has economic value, and is kept confidential is very important, especially in the midst of globalization and technological advances that increase the risk of information leakage. Law No. 30 of 2000 concerning Trade Secrets is the main legal basis in Indonesia, in line with international agreements such as WTO/TRIPS. This research uses normative juridical methods to analyze trade secret legal protection, including based on property rights theory, contract theory, and tort theory. In addition, the role of employment contract clauses that regulate obligations to maintain confidentiality and prohibitions on working for competing companies after termination are discussed as preventive strategies. This research confirms the importance of awareness and concrete legal steps from business owners to protect their trade secrets effectively.

This research analyzes the aesthetic values and symbolic meanings of The Siborang Struggle Monument in Padang Sidempuan City. It aims to raise awareness among people who pass by the monument about the importance of remembering the services of heroes who fought tirelessly to defend Indonesia’s independence. The purpose of this research is to describe the aesthetic values based on Monroe Beardsley’s aesthetic theory and to uncover the symbolic meanings according to Langer’s symbol theory, as represented in The Siborang Struggle Monument. The research method employed is qualitative with a descriptive approach, using data collected through observation, interviews, and literature studies. The results show that The Siborang Struggle Monument holds significant aesthetic value through its unique local architectural form and conveys a strong symbolic meaning as a representation of bravery and sacrifice. This is reflected in the statue’s facial expression, which depicts a passionate fighting spirit while carrying war tools such as a sharpened bamboo spear with a flag, Molotov cocktails, and firearms, along with elegant color choices that carry implicit meanings. The study concludes that the monument not only serves as a commemorative structure but also stands as a symbol of national identity and pride. This research is expected to foster a spirit of patriotism and resilience in the younger generation and can serve as a reference for future studies on related topics.

This study aims to reveal the value of struggle in the novel The Darkest Side of Heaven by Brian Khrisna through a sociological literary approach. This novel reflects the lives of lower-class people in Jakarta who live under social, economic, and cultural pressures. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach. Data are analyzed based on the content of the text that describes the values of the struggle of the characters in the novel. The results of the study show that there are two main values of struggle, namely the value of being willing to sacrifice and the value of never giving up. The value of being willing to sacrifice is reflected in characters such as Sobirin, Juleha, Kuncahyo, and a father who is willing to put aside self-esteem, comfort, and personal needs for the sake of his family. Meanwhile, the value of never giving up is seen from Juleha and Tomi's persistence in facing poverty, as well as Kuncahyo's spirit who continues to work hard even in inhumane conditions. This novel illustrates that the struggle of marginalized people is not only about survival, but also shows strong social values, such as love, sacrifice, solidarity, and optimism. This study confirms that literature functions as a mirror of social reality and a means to foster empathy and social awareness towards the lives of marginalized communities in big cities.

This study aims to analyze the struggle of the main character in achieving superiority in the novel Adiba by Mairisa Elvia. This struggle is rooted in the feelings of inferiority experienced by the main character since childhood. Through the individual psychology approach of Alfred Adler and qualitative descriptive methods, this research reveals the forms of the character's struggle in responding to traumatic experiences, social pressures, and inner conflicts that affect the direction of her life. Data were collected from quotes of narration, dialogue, or actions of the characters in the novel that reflect the effort to overcome feelings of helplessness and achieve meaningful life goals. Data collection techniques were conducted through careful reading and systematic note-taking of relevant parts of the text. The data were analyzed using content analysis to unveil the meanings behind actions, dialogues, and narratives related to the dynamics of the character's struggle. The research results show that the struggle towards superiority is demonstrated through hard work, a never-give-up attitude, and a drive to be beneficial to others. The main character not only struggles to overcome personal weaknesses but also shows a transformation of personality through constructive and social achievements. This process reflects an individual's journey in shaping a lifestyle and ultimate goals as compensation for the feelings of inferiority they once experienced. This study concludes that the psychological aspects in literary works can provide a deeper understanding of the motivations and personality dynamics of the characters, as well as enrich literary analysis with an interdisciplinary approach.

This study aims to analyze the effect of facilities and service quality on customer satisfaction at Pertamina gas station Jl. Aksara, Satria Barat, Medan Perjuangan. A quantitative method using multiple linear regression was employed, with data collected through questionnaires from 30 respondents using accidental sampling. The partial test (t-test) results show that service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, while facilities do not show a significant individual effect. However, simultaneously (F-test), both independent variables significantly and positively influence customer satisfaction. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 60.9% indicates that customer satisfaction can be explained by the variables of facilities and service quality. This research provides recommendations for gas station management to continuously improve service quality to maintain customer satisfaction.

This study examines the depiction of women’s struggles in the novel Perempuan yang Menunggu di Lorong Menuju Laut by Dian Purnomo using Françoise d’Eaubonne’s ecofeminism perspective. The novel highlights a strong connection between women and nature, both of which are subjected to oppression within a patriarchal social structure. The core issue discussed in this research is how female characters in the story respond to various forms of injustice—social, cultural, and ecological—and how the text constructs a parallel between the exploitation of women and the degradation of nature. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the forms of resistance expressed by the female characters against gender-based oppression and environmental damage. In addition, the research aims to demonstrate how ecofeminism serves as a critical framework to expose and challenge patriarchal dominance through literature. This research applies a descriptive qualitative method with content analysis. Data were gathered using reading and note-taking techniques, then interpreted based on De’Eaubonne’s ecofeminist theory. The results reveal that women in the novel resist domination through various actions, such as speaking out against injustice, rejecting violence, and raising environmental awareness. Their resistance is portrayed not just as personal defiance but as a collective effort rooted in ecological consciousness. The novel, therefore, becomes a medium that challenges patriarchal norms while proposing a more balanced relationship between humans and nature. In conclusion, this study affirms literature’s role as a powerful tool to voice socio-environmental concerns and promote the empowerment of women as agents of change.

This study aims to analyze the growth performance of catfish (Pangasius sp.) cultivated in a tarpaulin pond system. Patin fish farming is one of the leading fisheries subsectors in Indonesia due to its high market demand and high nutritional content. The tarpaulin pond system was chosen because it offers efficiency in water quality management and disease risk reduction. This study was conducted in Gunungsitoli in December 2024, using an experimental method that included measuring fish length and weight during the rearing period. The results showed that water quality, including temperature (26-28°C), pH (6.5-7.5), and dissolved oxygen level (5 mg/L), played an important role in determining the fish survival rate, which reached 90%. Feeding strategies with a combination of artificial and natural feeds (silkworms, Artemia) have been shown to significantly improve fish growth. The main challenges in this aquaculture include water quality fluctuations, fry adaptation, and disease management, which can be overcome with aeration technology, probiotics, and natural immunostimulants. With the right innovations, the tarpaulin pond system proves to be an efficient and sustainable farming method in supporting catfish productivity.

This study examines Chairil Anwar's poem "Diponegoro" from the perspective of literary sociology, focusing on the analysis of the values ​​of struggle contained therein. This poem depicts the figure of Prince Diponegoro as a symbol of resistance against colonialism, which reflects the spirit of the Indonesian people's struggle during the colonial period. Through the approach of literary sociology according to Wellek and Warren. This analysis also pays attention to how Chairil Anwar uses the figure of Diponegoro to convey messages about courage, sacrifice, and steadfastness in fighting oppression. The results of the study show that the poem "Diponegoro" not only functions as an individual expression of the author, but also as a form of representation of the collective aspirations of the people who are fighting for independence. Thus, the values ​​of struggle in this poem have strong social relevance, illustrating the relationship between literary works and the social dynamics around them.

Education plays an important role in building a generation that is intelligent, virtuous, and capable of facing the challenges of the times. However, education cannot be separated from social and cultural factors, where social and cultural conditions themselves have an impact on education. One such case occurred during the colonial era, when the colonial government had a significant influence in shaping the educational system in Indonesia at that time. Education was essentially divided into two: formal school education, which focused only on worldly knowledge, and education in pesantren (Islamic boarding schools), which taught only religious knowledge. Due to this situation, K.H. Ahmad Dahlan was moved to reform Islamic education. This research aims to explore K.H. Ahmad Dahlan's thoughts on education and to understand his efforts in the process of reforming Islamic education. The research uses a literature study method, where data is obtained from writings such as books, journal articles, and other supporting texts related to the issue. The results of the study show that K.H. Ahmad Dahlan had his own educational philosophy, in which religious knowledge and worldly knowledge were seen as an integrated whole. K.H. Ahmad Dahlan’s struggle can be seen from his efforts to establish a school that integrated both religious and worldly knowledge. His contribution to educational reform is still felt today, as educational institutions under Muhammadiyah have spread across Indonesia. Muhammadiyah itself is an organization founded by K.H. Ahmad Dahlan, which serves as a platform or means for his struggle.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan pembelajaran kreatif dan inovatif pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 068877 Medan Perjuangan. Fokus penelitian meliputi metode pembelajaran, media yang digunakan, dan dampaknya terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan penelitian dokumen. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menerapkan pembelajaran kreatif melalui penggunaan alat bantu visual, strategi berbasis proyek, dan pembelajaran kolaboratif secara signifikan meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa. Selain itu, inovasi pemanfaatan teknologi digital seperti aplikasi pembelajaran interaktif dan media berbasis video berhasil meningkatkan minat belajar siswa. Namun penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan beberapa tantangan, antara lain: B. Terbatasnya akses terhadap sumber daya teknologi dan perlunya pelatihan guru untuk menunjang kreativitas pembelajaran. Studi ini merekomendasikan pengembangan program pelatihan guru yang mengintegrasikan teknologi, peningkatan kesempatan pembelajaran berbasis digital, dan evaluasi berkelanjutan terhadap efektivitas metode pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat membantu meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dasar di Indonesia, khususnya dalam konteks pembelajaran abad ke-21.

Rasa nasionalisme adalah sebuah rasa dimana kesetiaan  seseorang diberikan atau diabdikan langsung kepada bangsa dan negara. Dari rasa nasionalisme, seseorang akan memiliki rasa solidaritas, semangat gotong royong dan rela berkorban. Mengenal tokoh Soekarno merupakan salah satu cara menghargai seorang pahlawan, dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunaakan metode kuantitatif menggunakan skala guttman untuk mengetahui apakah dengan mengenal perjuangan seseorang dalam membela dan mempertahankan bangsa dan negaranya dapat meningkatkan rasa nasionalisme seseorang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, yaitu sebanyak 20 orang siswa sebagai sampel dari 69 siswa kelas 3 MMI penulis mendapatkan hasil bahwa 74,5% siswa menyatakan bahwa rasa nasionalisme mereka meningkat setelah mengenal tokoh Ir Soekarno sebagai pejuang kemerdekaan bangsa dan negaranya.

Clustering is one of the fields of study that discusses data. Clustering is used to find and group data based on its traits or characteristics. Clustering can also be used for class-identified data. However, the clustering method automatically clusters the data before the class identifier is known. Based on the data obtained, the city of Medan, which has a population of approximately 2,460,858 people and an area of 26,510 hectares or 3.6% of the total area of North Sumatra Province, is classified as Flood-prone (BPS). Floods that occur almost 10 to 12 times a year in Medan City are influenced by the condition of the downstream Deli and Belawan rivers. Based on the results of the k-means clustering that has been carried out, the areas that are safe from flooding are the districts of Meddan Amplas, Medan Denai, Medan Area, Medan Kota, Medan Petisah, Medan Perjuangan, Medan Tembung, Medan Deli, and Medan Labuhan. Areas prone to flooding are Medan Tuntungan, Medan Sunggal, Medan Helvetia, West Medan, and Medan Marelan. Meanwhile, the areas most prone to flooding are Medan Johor, Medan Maimun, Medan Polonia, Medan Baru, Medan Selayang, Medan Timur, and Medan Belawan based on the evaluation of the accuracy of the silhouette method of 0.9 and can be declared significant.