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Bulay Village has an entrepreneurial spirit, with the idea of creating, developing, and managing new businesses and exploiting its papaya production potential. This innovation involves processing papaya chips (kreeyaa), which is expected to increase income. The goal of the PKM is to improve the community's economy by providing training and guidance on processing papaya into marketable products, motivating the community to generate creative ideas using existing resources, and establishing papaya chips businesses. The method used is partisipatory Action Research, an approach based on the assets, strengths, and potential of the community. Entrepreneurship mentoring seminars and training on making papaya chips (kreeyaa) in Bulay Village are expected to create jobs, develop community skills, and increase income by leveraging potential assets.

Local food innovation is not only focused on product development but also requires effective communication strategies to build positive perceptions and enhance market competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the implementation of innovation communication strategies by micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in developing papaya-based chili chips as a flagship product in Nagori Karang Anyar, Gunung Maligas District, Simalungun Regency. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing on the product innovation process, marketing communication patterns, and efforts to build product image amid competition in the local food industry. The findings indicate that innovation communication strategies play a crucial role in creating product differentiation through narratives of unique taste, utilization of local raw materials, and promotional strategies combining traditional methods and digital media. Papaya chili chips are positioned as a product that blends distinctive local flavors with a modern touch, attracting consumer interest and increasing the added value of papaya as a local commodity. This study emphasizes that the success of local food innovation depends not only on product quality but also on the ability of MSMEs to manage adaptive and persuasive communication strategies.

Papaya fruit (Carica papaya L.) is a tropical plant widely consumed as food and known to contain various bioactive metabolites with potential health benefits. The increasing interest in natural products as functional resources highlights the importance of reviewing the chemical characterization and health applications of papaya bioactive compounds. This article aims to systematically review the types of bioactive metabolites found in papaya fruit, the chemical characterization methods applied, and their potential applications in the health sector. This review was conducted through a literature study of relevant scientific articles, focusing on metabolite identification and biological activity evaluation. The results indicate that papaya fruit contains diverse bioactive metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, and proteolytic enzymes. These compounds are commonly characterized using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Several studies have reported that papaya bioactive metabolites exhibit biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects. This review suggests that papaya fruit has promising potential as a functional natural resource for health and pharmaceutical applications.

A high-fat diet can cause hyperlipidemia, which is one of the main risk factors for atherosclerosis. Papaya flowers (Carica papaya L.) contain antioxidants that have the potential to inhibit the development of atherosclerotic lesions. This study aims to determine the effect of papaya flower extract on the histopathological features of the aorta of Wistar rats induced by a high-fat diet. The study design is a posttest only-trial group design. The study sample consisted of 25 male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups with treatment for 21 days. Group A received no treatment. Group B was given high-fat diet consisting of 3 mL of pork fat and 2 g of duck egg yolk. Group C was given high-fat diet and simvastatin 0.18 mg/200 gBW. Groups D and E were given high-fat diet and papaya flower extract 125 mg/kgBW and 250 mg/kgBW, respectively. The parameter used is the histopathological description of the aorta in the form of foam cell formation. The results showed that there were few foam cell in group A. Group B had many foam cells in the tunica intima and media of aorta. Group C, D and E showed a reduction in the number of foam cells. The administration of papaya flower extract (Carica papaya L.) was effective in inhibiting foam cell formation in the aorta of Wistar rats induced by a high-fat diet, with a better effect seen at a dose of 250 mg/kgBW, which was almost comparable to simvastatin.

The extract of Carica papaya L. leaves contains phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, and saponins that play a role in biological activities, including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and modulation of the nervous system. This study aims to evaluate the effects of fresh papaya leaf extract on the central nervous system (CNS) and autonomic nervous system based on varying extract concentrations. The study used test animals with treatment groups consisting of negative control, positive control, and extracts at concentrations of 4%, 8%, and 16%. Parameters observed included parasympathomimetic (PSM), parasympatholytic (PSL), sympathomimetic (SM), sympatholytic (SL), analeptic effects (ANA), CNS stimulation (SSSP), CNS depression (DSSP), and muscle relaxation (RO). The results showed that the 16% concentration produced the highest PSM activity (46.82%) and dominant CNS stimulation (38.59%), while DSSP and RO decreased at higher concentrations. This phenomenon indicates that increasing the extract concentration does not always enhance CNS depression, but rather leads to stimulation. These findings support the potential of papaya leaf extract as a neuroprotective and multifunctional agent. Further research is needed to confirm its molecular mechanisms and clinical effectiveness as a phytotherapy candidate.

This Community Service Program (PKM) was implemented in Siantar Martoba, Pematangsiantar City, with the aim of enhancing the local economy through empowering farmer groups in optimizing backyard land. The program is a collaboration between Universitas Murni Teguh PSDKU Pematangsiantar, Politeknik Bisnis Indonesia, and the Food Security and Agriculture Office of Pematangsiantar City, attended by 15 farmers on July 4, 2025. The resource person, Henry Dunan Pardede, S.P., M.M., provided training on cultivating high-value crops such as California Papaya and Caplak Chili. The activities consisted of preparation, training, field assistance, and distribution of seedlings. The results showed an improvement in skills, entrepreneurial motivation, and more productive use of backyard land. This program also contributed to the achievement of SDGs point 1 (No Poverty), point 2 (Zero Hunger), and point 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) by strengthening the local economy based on agricultural potential. With a community-based approach, this program successfully increased food security, household income, and the sustainability of agricultural practices, while demonstrating the effectiveness of empowerment that can be extended to other areas facing similar challenges.

This community service article presents the implementation of the GELORA outreach and training program conducted in Sebanen Village, Jember, Indonesia, focusing on the promotion of low-cost and eco-friendly fermented feeds formulated from locally available agricultural residues such as papaya leaves, rice bran, molasses, and EM4. The program aimed to strengthen the capacity of smallholder catfish farmers and the village enterprise (BUMDes) through a series of integrated activities including a rapid needs assessment, hands-on training sessions, technical mentoring, and knowledge dissemination. As a result, participants demonstrated improved technical skills in household-scale feed formulation and fermentation, a stronger understanding of sustainable and circular economy principles, and an increased willingness to adopt environmentally friendly aquaculture practices. Moreover, follow-up mentoring groups were established to ensure program continuity and local innovation. This participatory model effectively combines community engagement with scientific evidence in aquaculture nutrition and is suitable for replication in other rural aquaculture development contexts.

Globally, 33% of all productive women aged 15-49 have anemia problems. Anemia is a condition where there is a deficit of erythrocyte cells, which is often found in all age groups, including women of childbearing age (WUS) and young women, namely 29% of young women and non-pregnant women and 38% of pregnant women have problems with anemia. This research aims to determine the effect of giving papaya fruit to young women who suffer from anemia on increasing hemoglobin in the work area of the Jabi Village Community Health Center, Batam City in 2024. This research was conducted using the Pre-Experiment method using the One Group Pretest Posttest Design approach. The sample for this research was 16 young women. The results of this study showed that the majority of young women experienced moderate anemia, as many as 10 young women (62.5%). After giving papaya to young women for 10 days, it was found that the majority of young women were not anemic, as many as 10 young women (62.5%). Based on the results of the Paired Sample T Test statistical test, show that the p-value is 0.000 < 0.05, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of giving papaya fruit to young women who experience anemia on increasing hemoglobin in the working area of the Jabi Village Community Health Center, Batam City in 2024. It is hoped that the Health workforce can minimize anemia in young women by giving them papaya.

The agricultural sector plays a strategic role in ensuring national food security, particularly in rural areas where the majority of the population depends on agricultural production. Sememu Village, an agricultural-based community with rice and tobacco as its primary commodities, has faced recurring pest attacks in recent years. Conventional pest control methods in the area have primarily relied on chemical pesticides. However, excessive and prolonged use of these chemicals has resulted in serious problems, including pest resistance, environmental contamination, and potential health risks to farmers and consumers. This study aims to improve farmers’ knowledge and practical skills by introducing an alternative, eco-friendly approach through a training program on the production of botanical pesticides derived from papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.). Papaya leaves are known to contain bioactive compounds such as papain, chymopapain, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids, which exhibit natural insecticidal properties. The training activities consisted of initial observation, presentation of scientific and practical materials, hands-on practice in the preparation of botanical pesticides, and field testing on rice and tobacco plants. The findings demonstrated that the use of papaya leaf-based pesticides effectively reduced pest feeding activity and increased pest mortality rates, thereby minimizing crop damage. Importantly, this approach did not cause harmful effects on the surrounding ecosystem. The program highlights the potential of botanical pesticides as a sustainable solution for integrated pest management in agricultural villages, contributing both to environmental conservation and farmers’ welfare.

The agricultural sector plays a vital role in supporting Indonesia's economy, particularly in food provision and increasing rural household income. One of the promising horticultural commodities is California papaya (Carica papaya L.), known for its high productivity and short harvesting cycle. This crop is favored by farmers due to its stable market demand. However, to ensure the financial feasibility of this farming enterprise, a comprehensive financial analysis is necessary. This study aims to analyze the revenue, production costs, income, and financial feasibility of California papaya farming in Hinai Subdistrict, Langkat Regency. The research employed a descriptive quantitative method through a survey approach, with a purposive sample of 34 farmers. Data were analyzed using a farm income analysis approach, including the calculation of fixed costs, variable costs, total revenue, net income, and the Revenue/Cost (R/C) ratio. The results showed that the total production cost was IDR 590.734.000, while the total revenue reached IDR 1.970.685.000. The net income obtained by farmers amounted to IDR 1.379.951.000, with an average income of IDR 40.586.794 per farmer. The R/C ratio was calculated at 3.33, meaning that every IDR 1 spent on production costs generated IDR 3.33  in revenue. California papaya farming in Hinai Subdistrict is financially feasible, provides significant profit, and has strong potential to be further developed as a primary income source for horticultural farmers.

Dyslipidemia is a health problem characterized by impaired fat metabolism in the body, characterized by changes in blood lipid levels, either increasing or decreasing. This condition is generally seen through increased levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). This imbalance in the lipid profile, if persisted over the long term, has the potential to accelerate the formation of atherosclerotic plaque on artery walls, which can lead to cardiovascular disease. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of papaya leaf (Carica papaya L.) ethanol extract microcapsules in reducing cholesterol levels in white rats induced by a high-fat diet. The high-fat diet is formulated from a mixture of beef fat, eggs, and lard to increase cholesterol levels in a controlled manner. After the induction phase, the rats were divided into six treatment groups: a negative control group, a positive control group (simvastatin 0.36 mg), and three treatment groups with doses of papaya leaf ethanol extract microcapsules of 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75%. The treatment was given orally for 14 consecutive days. Total cholesterol levels were measured before and after treatment to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. The results showed that administration of papaya leaf extract microcapsules significantly reduced cholesterol levels. The 0.50% dose provided the most optimal effect, with a reduction reaching 77 mg/dL, greater than the simvastatin group. However, increasing the dose to 0.75% did not show a significant additional reduction effect, indicating an optimal dose-response point. Therefore, the 0.50% concentration can be considered the most effective dose and has the potential to be developed as an alternative natural cholesterol-lowering therapy. These findings also strengthen the potential use of papaya leaves as a bioactive source to support efforts to prevent and control dyslipidemia.  

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, with the increasing prevalence of cases every year. One of the key methods of controlling the spread of DHF is to target the vector, Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, by eradicating their larvae. However, the widespread and continuous use of chemical larvicides has raised concerns regarding the development of mosquito resistance and environmental pollution. This community service activity aimed to provide students at Duta Karya Vocational High School with knowledge and practical skills to use natural, eco-friendly alternatives for controlling mosquito larvae, focusing on papaya seeds (Carica papaya) and alum as natural larvicides. The methods for this activity included interactive counseling, a demonstration on how to produce larvicides using papaya seeds and alum, and an engaging question-and-answer session. Thirty 12th-grade students from the Pharmacy class participated in this activity. The results revealed that the activity was highly effective in increasing the students' understanding and practical ability to independently create and apply natural larvicides. The students expressed a high level of enthusiasm and interest in the topic, actively participating in the discussions and demonstrations. As a result of this community service, the school has expressed interest in incorporating this activity into its School Health Unit (UKS) work program, which will further promote the use of natural, sustainable methods for controlling mosquito populations. The students, now equipped with the necessary skills, are ready to become "jumantik" cadres—community health volunteers responsible for monitoring and preventing mosquito larvae development. This initiative also raised awareness about utilizing organic waste, such as papaya seeds, to create valuable products for the prevention of DHF.

This study aims to describe the level of consumer liking or acceptance of a product, it absolutely requires a test called the organoleptic test and hedonic test This research was conducted in quantitative analysis In the implementation of this study, the experiment conducted was an experiment consisting of 4 treatments, Each treatment was carried out as many as 3 replicates so that 12 experimental units were obtained The treatments used were po (control) = regular sauce 100% Traditional chilli sauce packaging, p1 = 50% papaya sauce and 50% carrot sauce 500 grams of papaya + 500 grams of carrots, p2 papaya sauce (pure) 100% 1 kg papaya, p3 = carrot sauce (pure) 100% 1 kg organoleptic research results The highest colour was p1 4.3, aroma p3 3.9, taste p1 3.95, and texture p14. 25. As for hedonics, the highest was for colour p1 4.75, aroma p3 4.55, taste p1 4.25 and texture p3 4.5. Organoleptic tests involving colour, aroma, taste and texture showed values for colour in sample 1 with an average value of 4.3, aroma in sample 3 with an average value of 3.9, taste in sample 1 with an average value of 3.95 while texture in sample 1 with an average value of 4.25. The results of the hedonic test assessed consumer preference for sauces in samples 1 and 3 for sample I with an average value of 4.75 and a taste of 4.25 in the like category. While in sample 3 consumer assessment of aroma average value 4.55 and texture 4.5 category.

Abstrak. Osteoporosis is a degenerative bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and strength, particularly in postmenopausal women. Traditional plant-based therapy presents an attractive alternative given the rich local bioactive potential and limited access to pharmacological treatments. One important biochemical indicator in bone regeneration is the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of various Indonesian traditional medicinal plants as bioactive agents in the prevention of osteoporosis, with an emphasis on increasing ALP levels. This method employed a literature search by collecting several scientific articles discussing the anti-osteoporosis activity of traditional medicinal plants through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical observation studies. The results obtained show that traditional medicinal plants such as Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Black pepper (Piper nigrum), Bromelain (Ananas comosus), Papaya (Carica papaya), Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica Houtt.), Veratrum nigrum, Sickle senna (Cassia tora), Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), White turmeric (Curcuma zeadoaria), and Celery (Apium graveolens) are capable of reducing the number of osteoclasts and promoting bone formation. These findings consistently demonstrate a positive role in bone health through increased ALP levels. Indonesian traditional medicinal plants hold great potential as evidence-based anti-osteoporosis agents, particularly through enhancing ALP levels and osteoblast activity. This literature review supports the development of local herbal therapy as a promotive and preventive alternative against osteoporosis.

Malaria remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia, particularly in endemic areas such as Keerom Regency, Papua. Efforts to control this disease face challenges due to Plasmodium resistance to synthetic drugs, highlighting the need for safer and more effective alternative treatments. This study aims to identify the secondary metabolite content of several local plants traditionally used as antimalarial remedies. An experimental laboratory study was conducted using phytochemical screening methods. The plants examined included turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa), meniran leaves (Phyllanthus niruri), papaya leaves (Carica papaya), sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata), and brotowali (Tinospora crispa). Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with 96% ethanol as the solvent. The results showed that all samples contained secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, which are known for their antiplasmodial activity. Extract yields ranged from 18% to 24%, with turmeric rhizome showing the highest yield. These findings suggest that local plants from Keerom Regency hold potential as raw materials for the development of herbal antimalarial drugs. This study serves as a preliminary step for further in vitro and in vivo bioactivity testing.

Indonesia has around 3,500 species of therapeutic plants, one of which is utilized by the individuals of Selilau Town, Aru Islands Rule, Maluku Area.. This study aims to examine 15 types of medicinal plants that are used traditionally, including plant parts, properties, active compound content, and pharmacological activity based on scientific literature from the last 10 years. This survey points to recognize species of restorative plants commonly utilized in neighborhood conventional medication, look at the plant parts utilized, handling strategies, and maladies treated based on neighborhood experiences and to survey logical writing to decide the dynamic compound substance and pharmacological movement of each distinguished plant. The comes about of the think about appeared that the foremost broadly utilized plant is the leaf portion. Some of them are: Momordica charantia (bitter melon) for cough; Urena lobata (pulutan) to smooth postpartum blood; Morinda citrifolia (mengkudu) for broken bones; Erythrina variegata (dadap) for body recovery; Myrmecodia pendens (ant nest) for swelling and beriberi; and Carica papaya (papaya) for malaria. Other plants such as Manihot esculenta, Tradescantia spathacea, Graptophyllum pictum, Hemigraphis alternata, Mimosa pudica, Jatropha curcas, Psidium guajava, Nypa fruticans, and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis are also used for various health complaints. Active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins support pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, gastroprotective, and immunostimulant. This study emphasizes the importance of documenting traditional knowledge as an effort to preserve and develop local wisdom-based medicines.

This study aims to analyze the level of attack by Macaca hecki on cultivated plants in Makarti Jaya Village, Pohuwato, Gorontalo. Agriculture is the main source of income for the local community, but the presence of Macaca hecki can threaten agricultural yields. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, with data collected through direct observation and interviews with farmers experiencing the attacks. The results indicate that corn (Zea mays) is the most consumed plant by Macaca hecki, followed by cocoa (Theobroma cacao) and several other types of fruit such as bananas and papayas. The high consumption rates of these cultivated plants negatively impact agricultural results, causing significant economic losses for farmers. Therefore, it is important to understand the attack patterns and the factors influencing the behavior of Macaca hecki. This research recommends the need for more effective protection strategies, such as the placement of physical barriers and diversification of plant types. Thus, it is hoped that this study can contribute to the management of conflicts between wildlife and agriculture, as well as enhance the economic sustainability of farming communities.

Breast milk (BM) is the optimal source of nutrition for newborns up to six months old, providing essential antibodies, complete nutrition, and easier digestion compared to formula milk. Exclusive breastfeeding is crucial for infant health, and efforts to support lactation include consuming a balanced and nutritious diet. This study aimed to examine the effect of papaya and watermelon consumption on breast milk expression in nursing mothers. The research utilized a true experimental design with a two-group post-test approach, conducted over five consecutive days. The intervention involved consuming 400 grams of cut papaya and 300 grams of watermelon daily. The study population consisted of postpartum mothers with infants aged 0–6 months, and the sampling technique used was probability sampling, resulting in a total of 42 respondents. Participants were divided into two groups: 21 in the control group and 21 in the intervention group. The Wilcoxon test was applied for statistical analysis. The findings revealed that papaya consumption significantly affected breast milk expression, with a p-value of 0.046 (<0.05), accepting the alternative hypothesis (Ha). This result indicated that papaya intervention increased breast milk expression by 2,000 times. Similarly, the watermelon intervention showed a significant effect, with a p-value of 0.02 (<0.05), also leading to the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha). The analysis suggested that watermelon consumption improved breast milk expression in nursing mothers by 3.162 times. These findings highlight the potential benefits of consuming papaya and watermelon in enhancing lactation, providing valuable insights for nursing mothers and healthcare professionals in supporting breastfeeding practices.

Padang Brahrang is a village located in the city of Binjai, Langkat Regency, which has many stories ranging from the cleanliness of the village, which has greenery and cultivation of plants ranging from flowers to vegetables. But in this case, we students of North Sumatra State Islamic University are doing Community Service activities in Padang Brahrang village, one of the activities we do is making natural pesticides from papaya leaves that are useful for keeping plants or plants from pests and diseases.  . The type of research used in this paper uses qualitative research methods with descriptive approaches. Pesticide manufacturing greatly influenced the development of plants and plants in the village, resulting in the production of pesticides given to the mother and father of village devices that cultivated plants and nearby communities.

This study aims to develop a natural-based herbal shampoo using Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn leaves and Carica papaya L. seeds as a safer and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic shampoos, which often contain harmful chemicals. Ceiba pentandra leaves contain active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins with antibacterial properties, while Carica papaya seeds contain glucoside circirindan, which is beneficial for treating gray hair. The research method involves the use of influence diagrams and mathematical models to determine the most effective ingredient formulation. The experimental results showed that the best composition consists of 60 grams of Ceiba pentandra leaves, 30 grams of Carica papaya seeds, 5 grams of texavon, 10 grams of NaCl, and 350 ml of distilled water. The resulting herbal shampoo product is not only effective and economical but also environmentally friendly.